Unit 2 Teenage problems 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上学期

2026-09-09
| 2份
| 47页
| 80人阅读
| 1人下载

摘要:

**基本信息** 聚焦青少年问题单元核心词汇,通过分层讲解(课标/非课标)与语境化练习,系统构建词法知识网络,强化语言运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词短语分层讲解|39个课标重点词/短语|词义-词形-搭配-易错点四维解析,易混词(如mad/angry)对比辨析|按课标优先级分层,从基础词义到深层用法,构建"认知-理解-应用"链条| |用法巩固练习|4类题型(填空/单选等)|语境填词强化记忆,词形转换训练语法规则,短语应用题提升语言表达|题型对应讲解重点,从基础记忆到综合运用,实现知识迁移与思维提升|

内容正文:

Unit 2 Teenage problems 重点单词、短语用法讲练 目录 · 单元重难点单词,短语用法讲解 将单词、短语分层列出,突出重点词汇,便于记忆。 详细讲解重点单词和短语的用法,把握单词、短语的考点、便于全面掌握。 · 单元单词,短语用法练习 通过以下练习,在具体的语境中巩固单词,短语的用法,加深对单词、短语记忆和理解。 单元重难点单词,短语用法讲解 一、单元单词、短语分层列举 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 课标重点单词、短语。 teenage /ˈti:neɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的,十几岁的 drive /draɪv/ vt. 迫使;驾驶 mad /mæd/ adj. 气愤;疯的 lately /ˈleɪtli/ adv. 最近 decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定 stick /stɪk/ vi. & vt. 粘贴,粘住;刺,插入 stress /stres/ n. 精神压力,心理负担 waste /weɪst/ vt. 浪费,滥用 regret /rɪˈɡret/ vt. 懊悔,感到遗憾 hate /heɪt/ vt. & vi. 极不喜欢,厌恶 exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. (= examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn/) 考试 focused /ˈfəʊkəst/ adj. 注意力集中的 argue /ˈɑ:ɡju:/ vi. 争论,争吵,争辩 silly /ˈsɪli/ adj. 傻的 , 愚蠢的 normal /ˈnɔ:ml/ adj. 正常的,典型的 bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部;底 dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对话 communicate /kəˈmju:nɪkeɪt/ vi. 沟通 vi. & vt. 交流 dictionary /ˈdɪkʃənri/ n. 词典,辞书 youth /ju:θ/ n. 青年;青春 stage /steɪdʒ/ n. 阶段,时期;舞台 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ vt. 经历;体验 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 快速的 ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj. 丑陋的 probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv. 很可能,大概 risk /rɪsk/ vt. 冒…的风险;冒险做 unkind /ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/ adj. 不友善的,刻薄的 stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人;外地人 bully /ˈbʊli/ vt. 恐吓,伤害,胁迫 n. 恃强凌弱之人,恶霸 screen /skri:n/ n. 屏幕 pain /peɪn/ n. 痛苦;疼痛 shame /ʃeɪm/ n. 羞耻;让人遗憾的事 adult /ˈædʌlt/ n. 成年人 mobile phone n. 手机 be in low spirits 情绪低落 stick to 坚持 under stress 在压力之下,承受压力 cut back on sth 减少,削减,缩减 risk sth/doing sth 冒…的风险 go through 经历,遭受 stand up for sb/sth 支持,维护 put up with sb/sth 忍受;容忍 get sb down 使悲伤(沮丧、忧郁等) 2. 非课标重点单词、短语。 patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心 stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑不安的 mood /mu:d/ n. 情绪,心情  bedtime /ˈbedtaɪm/ n. 就寝时间 二、重点单词、短语用法讲解 1、teenage 词义:teenage作形容词,意为"青少年的;十几岁的"。 Teenage problems are common among middle school students.(青少年问题在中学生中很常见。) 词形变化:teen n. 青少年(通常用复数teens) teenager n. 青少年(指13至19岁的人) 短语、搭配:① teenage years(青少年时期) ② teenage life(青少年生活) 易错点:teenage为形容词,只用于修饰名词,不可作表语。 2、drive 词义:① drive作动词,意为"驾驶;开车"。 She learned to drive when she was 18.(她18岁时学会了开车。) ② drive作动词,意为"驱赶;迫使"。 The noise drove me crazy.(噪音快把我逼疯了。) 词形变化:driver n. 驾驶员;司机 短语、搭配:① drive sb. crazy/mad(把某人逼疯/逼急) Too much homework drives me crazy sometimes.(太多作业有时让我抓狂。) ② drive to some place(开车去某地) I will drive you to the airport.(我开车送你去机场。) ③ drive away(驱车离开;赶走) He drove away without saying goodbye.(他没说再见就开车走了。) 易错点:drive为不规则动词,过去式为drove,过去分词为driven,现在分词为driving。 3、mad 词义:mad作形容词,意为"发疯的;生气的"。 My mom will be mad if I come home late.(如果回家晚了,我妈妈会生气的。) She is mad about pop music.(她对流行音乐痴迷。) 短语、搭配:① be mad at sb.(生某人的气) I was mad at myself for making such a silly mistake.(我因为犯了这么蠢的错误而生自己的气。) ② be mad about sth.(对某事痴迷/狂热) He is mad about football and never misses a match.(他对足球非常痴迷,从不错过一场比赛。) ③ go mad(发疯;疯狂) The crowd went mad when their team won.(当他们的球队获胜时,人群沸腾了。) 辨析:mad与angry ① mad常用于口语,意为"疯狂的"或"生气的",语气较强。 She is mad at me for losing her key.(她因为我弄丢了她的钥匙而生我的气。) ② angry为正式用语,意为"生气的;愤怒的",语气较mad更正式。 He was angry about the decision.(他对这个决定感到生气。) 4、lately 词义:lately作副词,意为"最近;近来"。 Have you seen any good movies lately?(你最近看过什么好电影吗?) 易错点:lately常与现在完成时连用,表示从过去某时到现在的一段时间内,也可用于一般过去时。 5、decision 词义:decision作可数名词,意为"决定"。 The final decision is up to you.(最后的决定由你来做。) 词形变化:decide v. 决定;下决心 decisive adj. 决定性的;果断的 短语、搭配:① make a decision(做决定) We need to make a decision by tomorrow.(我们需要在明天之前做出决定。) ② come to/reach a decision(达成决定;做出决定) After a long discussion, they came to a decision.(经过长时间的讨论,他们做出了决定。) ③ a wise/good decision(明智的决定) 易错点:其动词形式decide的用法也要掌握:decide to do sth.(决定做某事)。 6、stick 词义:① stick作可数名词,意为"棍;棒;手杖"。 He picked up a stick to draw on the ground.(他捡起一根棍子在地上画画。) ② stick作动词,意为"粘贴;粘住;刺;插入 "。 Please stick a stamp on the envelope.(请在信封上贴一张邮票。) 词形变化:sticky adj. 粘的;粘性的 短语、搭配:① stick to(坚持;遵守) stick to中的to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing),不接动词原形。 He sticks to doing exercise every morning.(他坚持每天早晨锻炼。) You should stick to your plan.(你应该坚持你的计划。) ② stick out(伸出;突出) Don't stick your head out of the window.(不要把头伸出窗外。) 易错点:stick作"粘贴"解时,其过去式和过去分词均为stuck。 7、stress 词义:① stress作不可数名词,意为"精神压力,心理负担,紧张"。 He is under a lot of stress at work.(他工作压力很大。) ② stress作动词,意为"强调;重读"。 The teacher stressed the importance of practice.(老师强调了练习的重要性。) 词形变化:stressful adj. 有压力的;紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑的;感到压力的 短语、搭配:① under stress(处于压力之下) She is under great stress because of the exam.(因为考试,她承受着巨大的压力。) ② reduce/relieve stress(减轻压力) Doing exercise can help reduce stress.(做运动有助于减轻压力。) ③ stress the importance of(强调……的重要性) Our teacher always stresses the importance of hard work.(我们老师总是强调努力的重要性。) 易错点:形容词stressed(感到压力的)用于描述人的感受;stressful(令人有压力的)用于描述事物。两者区别类似bored与boring。 8、waste 词义:① waste作动词,意为"浪费;挥霍;滥用"。 We shouldn't waste food.(我们不应该浪费食物。) ② waste作不可数名词,意为"浪费;废物;垃圾"。 It is a waste of time to watch too much TV.(看太多电视是浪费时间。) ③ waste作形容词,意为"废弃的;无用的"。 We should recycle waste paper.(我们应该回收废纸。) 词形变化:wasteful adj. 浪费的;挥霍的 wasted adj. 浪费了的;白费的 短语、搭配:① a waste of time/money(浪费时间/金钱) Watching this show is a waste of time.(看这个节目是浪费时间。) ② waste ... on ...(把……浪费在……上) Don't waste your money on things you don't need.(不要把金钱浪费在你不需要的东西上。) ③ waste ... (in) doing sth.(浪费……做某事) She wasted a whole day waiting for him.(她浪费了一整天等他。) 易错点:waste作动词时,常用句型为waste time/money (in) doing sth.,介词in可以省略。waste作名词时,a waste of ...为固定搭配,其中waste为单数名词,用a修饰。 9、regret 词义:① regret作动词,意为"后悔;遗憾;抱歉"。 I regret that I didn't study harder.(我后悔没有更努力学习。) ② regret作不可数名词,意为"遗憾;后悔"。 She expressed regret for what she had done.(她对自己所做的事表示遗憾。) 词形变化:regretful adj. 遗憾的;后悔的 regrettable adj. 令人遗憾的 短语、搭配:① regret doing sth.(后悔做了某事) I regret telling her the secret.(我后悔告诉了她这个秘密。)【已经做了,感到后悔】 ② regret to do sth.(遗憾要做某事) I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.(我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试没通过。)【尚未做,感到遗憾】 易错点:regret doing表示"后悔做过某事"(事情已发生),regret to do表示"遗憾地要做某事"(事情尚未发生)。其过去式和过去分词均为regretted(双写t加ed),现在分词为regretting(双写t加ing)。 10、hate 词义:hate作动词,意为"讨厌;憎恨;不喜欢"。 She hates it when people are late.(她讨厌别人迟到。) 词形变化:hateful adj. 可恨的;令人讨厌的 短语、搭配:① hate doing/to do sth.(讨厌做某事) I hate doing housework.(我讨厌做家务。)【习惯性讨厌】 I hate to tell you this, but we have to leave.(我不愿意告诉你这个,但我们得走了。)【临时性不愿】 ② hate sb. for doing sth.(因某事而恨某人) I hate him for lying to me.(我恨他对我撒谎。) 辨析:hate与dislike ① hate语气强烈,意为"憎恨、讨厌",表达强烈的厌恶情绪。 I hate being cheated.(我讨厌被欺骗。) ② dislike语气较温和,意为"不喜欢、不喜爱",程度上轻于hate。 I dislike cold weather.(我不喜欢寒冷的天气。) 易错点:hate后接动词时,既可接动名词(指习惯性讨厌),也可接不定式(指一次性或临时的厌恶),与like用法相似。 11、exam 词义:exam作可数名词,意为"考试;测验"。exam为examination的缩写形式。 She passed the exam with flying colors.(她以优异成绩通过了考试。) 词形变化:examine v. 检查;审查 examinee n. 应试者 examiner n. 主考官 短语、搭配:① take /do an exam(参加考试) ② pass an exam(通过考试) ③ fail an exam(考试不及格) ④ exam paper(试卷) 辨析:exam与test ① exam多指正式的"考试",如期末考试、升学考试等,规模较大,时间较长。 We will have the final exam in June.(我们六月份有期末考试。) ② test多指"测验、小考",规模较小,时间较短,如随堂测试。 We will have a vocabulary test on Friday.(我们周五有一个词汇测验。) 12、focused 词义:focused作形容词,意为"专注的;集中的"。 She is focused on preparing for the contest.(她正在专心准备比赛。) 词形变化:focus v./n. 集中(注意力);焦点 unfocused adj. 不集中的 短语、搭配:① be focused on(专注于……) I am focused on finishing my homework before dinner.(我专注于在晚饭前完成作业。) ② stay/keep focused(保持专注) It's hard to stay focused for the whole class.(一整节课都保持专注很难。) 辨析:focused与concentrated ① focused意为"注意力集中的",强调精力聚焦在某事上。 He gave a focused speech on environment.(他作了一个关于环境的专注的演讲。)【着重于主题集中的】 ② concentrated意为"集中的;浓缩的",更强调聚集或密度。 Concentrated study is necessary for exam success.(集中学习对于考试成功是必要的。)【强调学习强度】 13、argue 词义:argue作动词,意为"争吵;争论;论证"。 My parents never argue in front of me.(我父母从不在我面前争吵。) 词形变化:argument n. 争论;论据 arguable adj. 可争论的 短语、搭配:① argue with sb.(与某人争吵/争论) Don't argue with your teacher.(不要和老师争辩。) ② argue about/over sth.(因某事而争吵) They always argue about what to watch on TV.(他们总是为看什么电视节目而争吵。) ③ argue for/against(支持/反对……而争辩) Many people argued against the new law.(许多人反对这项新法律而进行争辩。) 易错点:argue后接人时用with,接事时用about/over。表示"主张……"或"争辩说……"时,后接that从句,如argued that...。注意名词argument的拼写,去e加-ment。 14、silly 词义:silly作形容词,意为"愚蠢的;傻的;可笑的"。 It was silly of me to believe him.(我竟然相信了他,真傻。) 词形变化:silliness n. 愚蠢 sillily adv. 愚蠢地 短语、搭配:① silly mistake(愚蠢的错误) ② feel silly(觉得可笑/难为情) I felt silly wearing that hat.(我戴着那顶帽子觉得很可笑。) 辨析:silly、foolish与stupid ① silly语气最轻,指"不合情理的、可笑的",常带有幽默或可爱的意味。 What a silly question!(好傻的问题啊!) ② foolish指"缺乏判断力的、不明智的",表示虽不聪明但并非不可原谅。 It was foolish of him to go out in the rain.(他冒雨出去真是够傻的。) ③ stupid语气最强,指"智力低下的、极愚蠢的",含有贬义,使用时需谨慎。 That was a stupid thing to do.(那样做太蠢了。)【语气较重】 易错点:silly的比较级为sillier,最高级为silliest。 15、normal 词义:normal作形容词,意为"正常的;平常的"。 Everything has returned to normal after the earthquake.(地震后一切都恢复了正常。) 词形变化:normally adv. 正常地;通常地 abnormal adj. 不正常的;反常的 短语、搭配:① above/below normal(高于/低于正常水平) His temperature is below normal.(他的体温低于正常值。) ② return to normal(恢复正常) School life returned to normal after the holiday.(假期后校园生活恢复了正常。) ③ it is normal to do sth.(做某事是正常的) It is normal to make mistakes when learning.(学习时犯错误是正常的。) 辨析:normal与usual ① normal强调"正常的、常态的",指符合一般标准或规律,没有异常。 His heart rate is normal.(他的心率正常。) ② usual强调"通常的、惯常的",指习惯性的或经常发生的事。 He came home later than usual.(他比平时回家晚。) 易错点:normal为形容词,其反义词为abnormal。 16、bottom 词义:① bottom作可数名词,意为"底部;末端;尽头"。 There is a sticker at the bottom of the page.(页面底部有一张贴纸。) She fell to the bottom of the class in math.(她数学成绩掉到了班级最后。) ② bottom作形容词,意为"最底部的;最后的"。 The bottom shelf is too low for me.(最下面的架子对我来说太低了。) 短语、搭配:① at the bottom of(在……底部) I found my keys at the bottom of my schoolbag.(我在书包底部找到了钥匙。) ② from the bottom of one's heart(发自内心地) I thank you from the bottom of my heart.(我从心底里感谢你。) ③ bottom line(底线;最终结果) The bottom line is that we need more time.(最终结果是我们需要更多时间。) 17、dialogue 词义:dialogue作可数名词,意为"对话;对白"。dialog(美式拼写,与dialogue同义) We have to write a dialogue in today's English class.(今天的英语课上我们要写一段对话。) 短语、搭配:① have a dialogue with(与……进行对话) The teacher had a dialogue with each student.(老师与每个学生进行了对话。) ② a dialogue between A and B(A与B之间的对话) There is a meaningful dialogue between the two characters in the story.(故事中两个角色之间有一段有意义的对话。) 辨析:dialogue与conversation ① dialogue强调正式的"对话、对白",常指书面的、政治的或戏剧中的对话。 The dialogue in this movie is very funny.(这部电影里的对白很有趣。) ② conversation指日常生活中的"交谈、谈话",为非正式用语。 I had a pleasant conversation with my friend.(我和朋友进行了一次愉快的交谈。) 18、communicate 词义:communicate作动词,意为"交流;沟通;传达"。 We should learn to communicate with others.(我们应该学会与他人沟通。) 词形变化:communication n. 交流;沟通 communicative adj. 爱说话的;交际的 communicator n. 传播者;交流者 短语、搭配: ① communicate with sb.(与某人交流) I communicate with my friends by QQ.(我通过QQ和朋友们交流。) ② communicate sth. to sb.(把某事传达给某人) Please communicate this message to your classmates.(请把这条消息传达给你的同学。) 19、dictionary 词义:dictionary作可数名词,意为"词典;字典"。 Can I borrow your English-Chinese dictionary?(我能借你的英汉词典吗?) 短语、搭配:① look up ... in a dictionary(在词典里查……) If you don't understand the word, look it up in a dictionary.(如果你不认识这个词,在词典里查一下。) 易错点:dictionary的复数形式为dictionaries(变y为i加es)。注意"查词典"的表达:look up ... in a dictionary(不要用look for)。其中look up的宾语是要查的单词,而非词典本身。 20、youth 词义:① youth作不可数名词,意为"青春;青年时期"。 She is full of youth and energy.(她充满青春和活力。) ② youth作可数名词(复数youths),意为"青年;年轻人"(常指男性)。 Youths in that area need more job opportunities.(那个地区的年轻人需要更多的工作机会。) ③ the youth作集合名词,意为"青年们",表示整体概念。 The youth of our country are our future.(我们国家的青年是我们的未来。) 词形变化:youthful adj. 青春的;年轻的 短语、搭配:① youth culture(青年文化) ② youth club(青年俱乐部) ③ youth hostel(青年旅社) 易错点:the youth作主语时,谓语动词常用复数(指全体青年)。 21、stage 词义:① stage作可数名词,意为"舞台;阶段;时期"。 She was nervous but still went on stage.(她很紧张但还是上了舞台。) At this stage of life, study is the most important thing.(在人生的这个阶段,学习是最重要的。) ② stage作动词,意为"举办;上演"。 Our school will stage a play next month.(我们学校下个月将上演一部话剧。) 短语、搭配:① on the stage(在舞台上) The actors performed wonderfully on the stage.(演员们在舞台上表演得非常精彩。) ② at this/that stage(在此时/彼时阶段) At this stage, we don't have enough information to decide.(目前这个阶段,我们没有足够的信息来做决定。) ③ stage by stage(一步一步地;逐步地) You should solve the problem stage by stage.(你应该一步一步地解决这个问题。) 辨析:stage、period ① stage强调"阶段"或"舞台",指发展过程中的一个"步骤"。 The project is at the final stage.(项目处于最后阶段。) ② period强调"时期、时段",持续时间较长。 We lived in Beijing for a period of time.(我们在北京住了一段时间。) 易错点:"在舞台上"用on the stage,不用in。表示"阶段"时常用at the stage,如at this stage(在这个阶段)。 22、experience 词义:① experience作可数名词,意为"经历;体验"。 That trip to the beach was an unforgettable experience.(那次海边之旅是一次难忘的经历。) ② experience作不可数名词,意为"经验;阅历"。 He has a lot of teaching experience.(他有丰富的教学经验。) ③ experience作及物动词,意为"经历;体验"。 She experienced great sadness after losing her pet.(失去宠物后她经历了巨大的悲伤。) 词形变化:experienced adj. 有经验的;熟练的 短语、搭配:① have experience in (doing) sth.(有做某事的经验) I have no experience in cooking.(我没有做饭的经验。) ② a(n) ... experience(一次……的经历) Learning to ride a bike is a great experience.(学骑自行车是一次很棒的经历。) ③ gain/get experience(获得经验) I want to get more work experience during the summer.(我想在暑假获得更多的工作经验。) 易错点:experience作"经验"讲时为不可数名词,作"经历"讲时为可数名词。 23、rapid 词义:rapid作形容词,意为"快速的;迅速的"。 She made rapid progress in English this term.(她这学期的英语进步很快。) 词形变化:rapidly adv. 快速地;迅速地 短语、搭配:① rapid growth(快速增长) ② rapid progress(快速进步) ③ rapid response(快速反应) 辨析:rapid、fast与quick ① rapid强调"高速的",指事情发生得非常迅速,常用于发展、变化等抽象事物。 The river has a rapid current.(这条河水流湍急。) ② fast强调速度"快",指移动、运行的速度,常用于具体事物。 He runs very fast.(他跑得很快。) ③ quick强调动作"快",指在短时间内完成,强调敏捷性。 She gave me a quick answer.(她给了我一个快速的回答。) 24、probably 词义:probably作副词,意为"大概;很可能"。 He is probably the best student in our class.(他很可能是我们班最好的学生。) 易错点:probably放在实义动词前、be动词或助动词后。如:He probably knows the answer. / He is probably right. 辨析:probably、maybe与perhaps probably表示的可能性最高,约80%-90%的可能性。表可能性的副词按程度由高到低排列:probably(很可能)> possibly(也许)> maybe/perhaps(或许)。 ① probably意为"很可能",表示有较大把握的推测。 She will probably come to the party.(她很可能会来参加派对。) ② maybe意为"或许、可能",口语常用,表示不太确定的推测。 Maybe she is at home.(或许她在家。) ③ perhaps意为"也许",较为正式,表示不确定。 Perhaps we will meet again someday.(也许我们有一天还会再见。) 25、risk 词义:① risk作可数名词(也可作不可数名词),意为"风险;危险"。 There is a risk of getting lost in this forest.(在这片森林里有迷路的风险。) ② risk作及物动词,意为"冒险;冒……的风险"。 He risked his life to save the child.(他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。) 短语、搭配:① at risk(处于危险中) Many animals are at risk of extinction.(许多动物面临灭绝的风险。) ② take a risk / take risks(冒险) Don't take unnecessary risks while hiking.(徒步旅行时不要冒不必要的风险。) ③ risk doing sth.(冒险做某事) You shouldn't risk going out in such bad weather.(你不应该在这么糟糕的天气冒险外出。) ④ at the risk of(冒着……的风险) At the risk of being wrong, I will give it a try.(冒着出错的风险,我要试一试。) 词形变化:risky adj. 有风险的;危险的 辨析:risk与danger ① risk强调"风险",指可能产生不好的结果或损失,常与"选择"相关。 Smoking increases the risk of lung cancer.(吸烟会增加患肺癌的风险。) ② danger强调"危险",指直接的、眼前的威胁,程度较重。 He is in danger.(他处于危险之中。) 易错点:risk作动词时后接动名词,不接不定式。如risk doing sth.,不可说risk to do sth.。 26、unkind 词义:unkind作形容词,意为"不友善的;刻薄的"。 What he said was very unkind.(他说的话非常刻薄。) 词形变化:kind adj. 善良的;友好的 kindly adv. 友善地 kindness n. 善良;仁慈 unkindly adv. 不友善地 短语、搭配:① be unkind to sb.(对某人不友善) Don't be unkind to your little brother.(不要对你的弟弟不友善。) ② it is unkind of sb. to do sth.(某人做某事不善良) It was unkind of her to ignore his feelings.(她忽视他的感受是不善良的。) 27、stranger 词义:stranger作可数名词,意为"陌生人;外地人"。 You shouldn't talk to strangers on the street.(你不应该在街上和陌生人说话。) 词形变化:strange adj. 陌生的;奇怪的 strangely adv. 奇怪地 短语、搭配:① be a stranger to sth.(对某事不熟悉/没有经验) I'm a stranger to this kind of work.(我对这种工作不太熟悉。) ② a complete/total stranger(完全陌生的人) 28、bully 词义:① bully作可数名词,意为"恃强凌弱者;恶霸"。 Don't be a bully. Be kind to others.(不要当恶霸,要善待他人。) ② bully作动词,意为"欺负;恐吓"。 Some students bully others because they think it makes them look cool.(有些学生欺负别人是因为他们认为这样看起来很酷。) 词形变化:bullying n. 欺凌;恃强凌弱 短语、搭配:① bully sb. into doing sth.(威胁某人做某事) He bullied me into giving him my pocket money.(他威胁我把零花钱给他。) ② stop bullying(停止欺凌) Our school is taking actions to stop bullying.(我们学校正在采取措施制止欺凌行为。) 易错点:bully的第三人称单数为bullies,现在分词为bullying,过去式为bullied。 29、screen 词义:① screen作可数名词,意为"屏幕;银幕;显示屏"。 The movie looks great on the big screen.(这部电影在大银幕上看起来很棒。) 短语、搭配:① on screen(在屏幕上;在银幕上) I saw the actor on screen for the first time.(我第一次在银幕上看到这位演员。) 30、pain 词义:① pain作可数名词,意为"疼痛"。 I have a pain in my left leg.(我左腿疼痛。) ② pain作不可数名词,意为"痛苦;悲痛"。 She felt great pain after losing her best friend.(失去最好的朋友后她感到非常痛苦。) ③ pain作动词,意为"使痛苦;使疼痛"。 My back is paining me.(我的背很痛。) 词形变化:painful adj. 疼痛的;令人痛苦的 painless adj. 无痛的;不痛苦的 painfully adv. 痛苦地 短语、搭配:① have a pain in(某处疼痛) I have a pain in my stomach.(我胃痛。) ② take pains to do sth.(费尽苦心做某事;尽力做某事) She took great pains to make the party perfect.(她费尽心思使派对完美。) ③ in pain(在痛苦中) The injured dog was lying on the ground in pain.(受伤的狗痛苦地躺在地上。) 辨析:pain与ache ① pain既可指身体上的"疼痛",也可指心理上的"痛苦",范围更广。 I have a pain in my back.(我背疼。) It's a pain to lose the game.(输了比赛真是件痛苦的事。) ② ache常与身体部位名词复合(如headache、toothache、stomachache),指持续的"钝痛"。 I have a headache.(我头痛。) 31、shame 词义:① shame作不可数名词,意为"羞耻;羞愧;惭愧"。 She felt deep shame for what she had done.(她为自己所做的事感到深深的羞愧。) His face was red with shame.(他因羞愧而满脸通红。) ② shame作不可数名词,常与不定冠词a连用,意为"遗憾的事;可惜"。 What a shame that we missed the train!(真遗憾我们错过了火车!) 词形变化:ashamed adj. 羞愧的;感到羞耻的 shameful adj. 可耻的;丢脸的 shameless adj. 无耻的;不知羞耻的 短语、搭配:① What a shame!(真遗憾!真可惜!) What a shame! You didn't come to the party.(真可惜,你没来参加派对。) ② feel shame(感到羞愧) He felt shame for cheating in the exam.(他因为考试作弊而感到羞愧。) 辨析:shame与pity ① shame表示"遗憾、可惜"时,常用于感叹句中,与pity意思相近。 What a shame that he didn't pass the exam.(他没通过考试,真遗憾。) ② pity也表示"遗憾、可惜",有时可与shame互换,但pity还可表示"同情"。 What a pity!We are too late.(真遗憾!我们太晚了。) I feel pity for the homeless people.(我同情那些无家可归的人。) 32、adult 词义:① adult作可数名词,意为"成年人"。 Children should not watch this movie without an adult.(孩子们不应该在没有成年人陪同的情况下看这部电影。) 短语、搭配:① adult education(成人教育) ② adult life(成年生活) 33、be in low spirits 词义:be in low spirits意为"情绪低落;意志消沉"。 Don't be in low spirits. Everything will be fine.(不要情绪低落,一切都会好起来的。) 易错点:spirits在此短语中必须用复数形式,不可用单数spirit。表示"情绪高涨"可用be in high spirits。 34、cut back on sth 词义:cut back on sth意为"削减;减少;缩减",on后接要削减的对象(名词或动名词)。 The doctor advised me to cut back on junk food.(医生建议我减少垃圾食品的摄入。) Our family decided to cut back on expenses this year.(我们家决定今年缩减开支。) 辨析:cut back on与cut down on ① cut back on和cut down on在"减少、削减"含义上基本同义,可以互换。 I need to cut back on/cut down on sugar.(我需要减少糖的摄入。) ② cut back还可指"修剪(植物)",而cut down还可指"砍倒(树木)"。 The gardener cut back the bushes.(园丁修剪了灌木丛。) They cut down the old tree.(他们砍倒了那棵老树。) 35、go through 词义:① go through意为"经历;经受"(困难、痛苦等)。 My grandmother went through a lot of hardships in her life.(我祖母一生经历了许多苦难。) ② go through意为"仔细检查;审查"。 Please go through your paper carefully before handing it in.(交卷前请仔细检查一遍。) ③ go through意为"穿过;通过"。 The river goes through the city.(这条河穿过这座城市。) 易错点:go through中的through为介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。 辨析:go through与get through ① go through强调"经历(过程)"或"穿过(空间)"。 She went through a difficult time after losing her job.(失业后她经历了一段艰难的时光。) ② get through强调"通过;完成"或"打通电话"。 I finally got through the exam.(我终于通过了考试。) I couldn't get through to her on the phone.(我没能打通她的电话。) 36、stand up for sb/sth 词义:stand up for sb./sth.意为"支持;维护;捍卫"。 We should always stand up for what is right.(我们应该永远维护正确的事情。) 易错点:stand up for中的for为介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。该短语强调"发声支持、挺身维护",不单纯是心理上的支持。 辨析:stand up for与stand up to ① stand up for意为"支持、捍卫",强调为某人或某事说话、辩护。 She stood up for her friend when others laughed at her.(当别人嘲笑她朋友时,她站出来为朋友说话。) ② stand up to意为"抵抗、勇敢面对",强调不退缩地对抗(某人/某物)。 He stood up to the bully and said "Stop!"(他勇敢面对那个恶霸,说"住手!") 37、put up with sb/sth 词义:put up with sb./sth.意为"忍受;容忍"。 She has to put up with her brother's bad temper.(她不得不忍受她哥哥的坏脾气。) 易错点:put up with为"动词+副词+介词"型短语,with后接忍受的对象(人或事物)。with为介词,后接名词或代词。 辨析:put up with与stand、bear ① put up with与stand、bear在表示"忍受"时同义,常可互换,但put up with更口语化。 I can't put up with/stand/bear this weather anymore.(我再也忍受不了这种天气了。) ② stand多用于否定句和疑问句中,强调"忍受"的主观态度。 How can you stand this hot weather?(你怎么能忍受这么热的天气?) ③ bear强调"承受"负担或痛苦,语气较正式。 She bore the pain bravely.(她勇敢地承受了疼痛。) 38、get sb down 词义:get sb down意为"使某人沮丧;使某人情绪低落"。 The heavy workload is really getting me down.(繁重的工作量真让我沮丧。) 易错点:get sb down为"动词+名词/代词+副词"型短语,代词宾格必须放在get与down之间。 辨析:get sb down与let sb down ① get sb down强调"使某人情绪低落、沮丧",侧重于心理上的影响。 This bad news really got me down.(这个坏消息真的让我很沮丧。) ② let sb down强调"使某人失望、辜负某人",侧重于未能达到期望。 I won't let you down. I'll try my best.(我不会让你失望的,我会尽最大努力。) 39、mobile phone 词义:mobile phone作可数名词,意为"手机;移动电话"。 Don't use your mobile phone in class.(课堂上不要使用手机。) 短语、搭配:mobile phone number(手机号码) Could you give me your mobile phone number?(你能给我你的手机号码吗?) 单元单词,短语用法练习 一、根据提示填写单词 1.She is going through a t________ period in her life, full of changes and challenges. 【答案】teenage 【详解】句意:她正在经历人生中充满变化与挑战的青少年时期。根据首字母t及后文"period""full of changes and challenges"可知,此处指"青少年的",对应形容词teenage。空格后为名词period,需填形容词作定语,teenage只用于修饰名词,故填teenage。 2.His father d________ him to school every morning. 【答案】drives 【详解】句意:他的父亲每天早上开车送他去学校。根据首字母d及"to school"可知,此处指"开车送",对应动词drive。every morning提示经常性动作,用一般现在时,主语His father为第三人称单数,谓语用三单形式drives。drive sb. to some place意为"开车送某人去某地",故填drives。 3.My mother will be m________ if I break her favourite vase. 【答案】mad 【详解】句意:如果我打碎了我妈妈最喜欢的花瓶,她会生气的。根据首字母m及"if I break her favourite vase"可知,此处指"生气的",对应形容词mad。空格前有系动词be,需填形容词作表语,be mad at sb.意为"生某人的气",此处省略at sb.,故填mad。 4.Have you seen any good movies l________? 【答案】lately 【详解】句意:你最近看过什么好电影吗?根据首字母l及现在完成时"Have you seen"可知,此处指"最近",对应副词lately。lately常与现在完成时连用,表示从过去某时到现在的一段时间内,在句中作时间状语,故填lately。 5.We need to make a d________ before the deadline. 【答案】decision 【详解】句意:我们需要在截止日期之前做出决定。根据首字母d及"make a"可知,此处指"决定",对应名词decision。make a decision为固定搭配,意为"做决定",空格前有不定冠词a,需填可数名词单数,故填decision。 6.You should s________ to your plan and not give up. 【答案】stick 【详解】句意:你应该坚持你的计划,不要放弃。根据首字母s及"to your plan"可知,此处指"坚持",对应动词stick。stick to为固定搭配,意为"坚持",to为介词,后接名词。空格前有情态动词should,后接动词原形,故填stick。 7.Too much homework causes a lot of s________ for students. 【答案】stress 【详解】句意:太多的作业给学生造成了很大的压力。根据首字母s及"Too much homework causes"可知,此处指"压力",对应不可数名词stress。a lot of后可接不可数名词,stress作"精神压力"讲时为不可数名词,在句中作宾语,故填stress。 8.Don't ________ (浪费) time on playing video games all day. 【答案】waste 【详解】句意:不要把整天的时间浪费在玩电子游戏上。中文提示"浪费",对应动词waste。waste time on sth.为固定搭配,意为"把时间浪费在某事上"。祈使句否定式Don't后接动词原形,故填waste。 9.I ________ (后悔) telling her the secret. 【答案】regret 【详解】句意:我后悔把秘密告诉了她。中文提示"后悔",对应动词regret。regret doing sth.意为"后悔做了某事",表示事情已经发生。描述当前感受,用一般现在时,主语I后用动词原形,故填regret。 10.She h________ getting up early on weekends. 【答案】hates 【详解】句意:她讨厌在周末早起。根据首字母h及"getting up early"可知,此处指"讨厌",对应动词hate。hate doing sth.意为"讨厌做某事",表示习惯性厌恶。描述一般事实,用一般现在时,主语She为第三人称单数,谓语用hates,故填hates。 11.We will take the final e________ next month. 【答案】exam 【详解】句意:我们下个月将参加期末考试。根据首字母e及"take the final"可知,此处指"考试",对应名词exam。take an exam为固定搭配,意为"参加考试",空格前有定冠词the和形容词final,需填名词单数,故填exam。 12.You need to stay f________ during the class. 【答案】focused 【详解】句意:上课期间你需要保持专注。根据首字母f及"stay"可知,此处指"专注的",对应形容词focused。stay focused为固定搭配,意为"保持专注",focused作形容词作表语,描述人的状态,故填focused。 13.Don't a________ with your parents about small things. 【答案】argue 【详解】句意:不要因为小事和你的父母争吵。根据首字母a及"with your parents"可知,此处指"争吵",对应动词argue。argue with sb.意为"与某人争吵"。祈使句否定式Don't后接动词原形,故填argue。 14.It is ________ (正常的) to feel nervous before an exam. 【答案】normal 【详解】句意:考试前感到紧张是正常的。中文提示"正常的",对应形容词normal。It is normal to do sth.为固定句型,意为"做某事是正常的",空格前有系动词is,需填形容词作表语,故填normal。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 15.Most ________ (teenage) have problems with their parents at some point. 【答案】teenagers 【详解】句意:大多数青少年在某个时期都会与父母出现问题。括号内teenage为形容词"青少年的"。空格处在句中作主语,需填表示"青少年"的名词,teenage变名词为teenager,意为"青少年"。most后接可数名词复数,故填teenagers。 16.The ________ (drive) stopped the bus safely in the heavy rain. 【答案】driver 【详解】句意:司机在大雨中安全地停下了公共汽车。括号内drive为动词"驾驶"。空格前有定冠词The,需填表示"司机"的名词作主语,drive变名词为driver,意为"驾驶员",可数名词单数。故填driver。 17.He has ________ (stick) the picture on the wall with glue. 【答案】stuck 【详解】句意:他已经用胶水把那张画粘在了墙上。括号内stick为动词"粘贴"。现在完成时has done结构中需填过去分词,stick的过去式和过去分词均为stuck,故填stuck。 18.She felt very ________ (stress) about the coming exam. 【答案】stressed 【详解】句意:她对即将到来的考试感到非常紧张。括号内stress为名词"压力"或动词"强调"。空格前felt为系动词,需填形容词作表语,描述人的感受,stress的形容词stressed意为"感到压力的",用于修饰人,故填stressed。 19.It's ________ (waste) to throw away the leftover food. 【答案】wasteful 【详解】句意:扔掉剩饭剩菜是浪费的。括号内waste为动词"浪费"或名词"浪费"。空格前有系动词is,需填形容词作表语,waste变形容词为wasteful,意为"浪费的",故填wasteful。 20.He gave a ________ (regret) smile when he heard the news. 【答案】regretful 【详解】句意:听到这个消息时,他露出了遗憾的微笑。括号内regret为动词"后悔"或名词"遗憾"。空格后smile为名词,需填形容词作定语,regret变形容词为regretful,意为"遗憾的;后悔的",修饰人的表情,故填regretful。 21.They had a long ________ (argue) about where to go for the holiday. 【答案】argument 【详解】句意:关于去哪里度假,他们进行了一次长时间的争论。括号内argue为动词"争吵"。空格前有不定冠词a和形容词long,需填可数名词单数作宾语,argue变名词为argument,注意去e加-ment,意为"争论",故填argument。 22.Making such a silly mistake made me feel even ________ (silly) than before. 【答案】sillier 【详解】句意:犯这样一个愚蠢的错误让我感觉比以前更傻了。括号内silly为形容词"愚蠢的"。空格后有than before,提示用比较级,silly的比较级为sillier(变y为i加er),故填sillier。 23.Good ________ (communicate) is important in a team. 【答案】communication 【详解】句意:在团队中良好的沟通很重要。括号内communicate为动词"交流"。空格处在句中作主语,需填名词,communicate变名词为communication,意为"交流;沟通",不可数,作主语时谓语用单数,故填communication。 24.You can find the meaning of this word in many ________ (dictionary). 【答案】dictionaries 【详解】句意:你可以在许多词典中找到这个词的意思。括号内dictionary为名词"词典"。空格前有many,需填可数名词复数,dictionary的复数形式为dictionaries(变y为i加es),故填dictionaries。 25.It is ________ (risk) to go out in such a heavy storm. 【答案】risky 【详解】句意:在如此猛烈的暴风雨中外出是有风险的。括号内risk为名词"风险"或动词"冒险"。空格前有系动词is,需填形容词作表语,risk变形容词为risky,意为"有风险的",故填risky。 26.She felt great ________ (painful) after losing her pet dog. 【答案】pain 【详解】句意:失去宠物狗后她感到非常痛苦。括号内painful为形容词"疼痛的"。空格前有形容词great,需填名词作宾语,painful变名词为pain,意为"痛苦",为不可数名词,故填pain。 三、单项选择 27.You should ________ your plan even if it's difficult. A.stick out B.stick to C.stick with D.stick up 【答案】B 【详解】句意:即使困难你也应该坚持你的计划。 stick out伸出;stick to坚持;stick with继续支持(不常用);stick up竖起。根据"your plan"可知,此处表示"坚持计划",stick to为固定搭配,to为介词后接名词,故选B。 28.My father will ________ me if I come home late. A.be mad about B.be mad with C.be mad at D.be mad of 【答案】C 【详解】句意:如果我回家晚了,我爸爸会生我的气。 be mad about对……痴迷;be mad with无此搭配;be mad at对……生气;be mad of无此搭配。根据"if I come home late"可知,此处表达"生我的气",be mad at sb.为固定搭配,故选C。 29.We need to stay ________ our study during the exam week. A.focus on B.focused on C.focusing on D.to focus on 【答案】B 【详解】句意:考试周我们需要专注于学习。 stay为系动词,后接形容词作表语,focused为形容词"专注的",stay focused on意为"保持专注于……"。A为动词原形,C为现在分词,D为不定式,均不能作stay的表语,故选B。 30.Don't ________ your money ________ things you don't really need. A.spend; on B.pay; for C.cost; for D.waste; on 【答案】D 【详解】句意:不要把金钱浪费在你并不真正需要的东西上。 waste...on为固定搭配,意为"把……浪费在……上";spend...on"花费……在……上";pay...for"支付……的款项";cost...for搭配错误。根据"things you don't really need"可知,此处表达"浪费",waste...on最符合语境,故选D。 31.I ________ you that your application has been accepted. A.regret telling B.regret to tell C.regret tell D.regret told 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我很遗憾地告诉你,你的申请已经被接受了。 regret to do sth.意为"遗憾要做某事"(尚未做);regret doing sth.意为"后悔做了某事"(已做)。此处是告知对方消息,表示"遗憾地告知",用regret to tell,故选B。 32.My parents never ________ each other in front of me. A.argue about B.argue for C.argue against D.argue with 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我父母从不在我面前互相争吵。 argue with sb.意为"与某人争吵";argue about/over sth.意为"因某事争吵";argue for/against意为"支持/反对……而争辩"。空格后为each other(人),应用argue with,故选D。 33.The lost keys were found ________ the schoolbag. A.on the bottom of B.in the bottom of C.at the bottom of D.by the bottom of 【答案】C 【详解】句意:丢失的钥匙在书包底部找到了。 at the bottom of为固定搭配,意为"在……底部",表示在某物内部的最下方。in the bottom of 不如at the bottom of 常用和自然,on和by搭配错误。故选C。 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 34.考试失败后,他情绪低落了很久。 After failing the exam, he ________ ________ ________ ________ for a long time. 【答案】was in low spirits 【详解】句意对照:"情绪低落"对应英文空格。关键词"情绪低落"对应固定短语be in low spirits,注意spirits必须用复数。描述过去的情况,用一般过去时,主语he,be动词用was。故填was in low spirits。 35.医生建议我减少高糖食物的摄入。 The doctor advised me to ________ ________ ________ high-sugar food. 【答案】cut back on 【详解】句意对照:"减少"对应英文空格。关键词"减少"对应固定短语cut back on,on后接减少的对象。空格前有不定式符号to,后接动词原形,故填cut back on。 36.她一生中经历了许多困难和挑战。 She ________ ________ many difficulties and challenges in her life. 【答案】went through 【详解】句意对照:"经历"对应英文空格。关键词"经历"对应固定短语go through,表示"经历"困难或痛苦。描述过去的事,用一般过去时,go的过去式为went,故填went through。 37.我们应该勇敢地为正义发声。 We should bravely ________ ________ ________ what is just. 【答案】stand up for 【详解】句意对照:"为……发声/维护"对应英文空格。关键词"维护、支持"对应固定短语stand up for,表示为某人或某事物挺身而出。空格前有情态动词should,后接动词原形,故填stand up for。 38.我再也无法忍受邻居家的狗叫声了。 I can't ________ ________ ________ the barking of my neighbor's dog any more. 【答案】put up with 【详解】句意对照:"忍受"对应英文空格。关键词"忍受"对应固定短语put up with,with后接忍受的对象。空格前有情态动词can't,后接动词原形,故填put up with。 39.持续不断的雨真让我沮丧。 The continuous rain is really ________ ________ ________. 【答案】getting me down 【详解】句意对照:"让某人沮丧"对应英文空格。关键词"使沮丧"对应固定短语get sb down,代词宾格me必须放在get与down之间。现在进行时结构为be+doing,故填getting me down。 40.他们花了很长时间才做出最终决定。 They spent a long time ________ a ________. 【答案】making; decision 【详解】句意对照:"做决定"对应英文空格。关键词"做决定"对应固定搭配make a decision。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型,介词in可省略,make需用动名词making。故填making decision。 41.我们应该学会如何与不同文化背景的人交流。 We should learn how to ________ ________ people from different cultural backgrounds. 【答案】communicate with 【详解】句意对照:"与……交流"对应英文空格。关键词"与……交流"对应固定短语communicate with sb.,with后接交流对象。空格前为不定式符号to,后接动词原形,故填communicate with。 42.如果你不理解这个词,查一下词典。 If you don't understand this word, ________ it ________ in the dictionary. 【答案】look; up 【详解】句意对照:"查阅"对应英文空格。关键词"在词典里查阅"对应固定搭配look up...in a dictionary。祈使句中动词用原形,代词作宾语放look与up之间,故填look up。 43.他不应该冒这么大的风险去投资那个项目。 He shouldn't ________ such a big ________ to invest in that project. 【答案】take; risk 【详解】句意对照:"冒风险"对应英文空格。关键词"冒险"对应固定搭配take a risk。空格前有情态动词shouldn't,后接动词原形,take a risk意为"冒险",风险指特定的这一次,用单数。故填take risk。 $ Unit 2 Teenage problems 重点单词、短语用法讲练 目录 · 单元重难点单词,短语用法讲解 将单词、短语分层列出,突出重点词汇,便于记忆。 详细讲解重点单词和短语的用法,把握单词、短语的考点、便于全面掌握。 · 单元单词,短语用法练习 通过以下练习,在具体的语境中巩固单词,短语的用法,加深对单词、短语记忆和理解。 单元重难点单词,短语用法讲解 一、单元单词、短语分层列举 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 课标重点单词、短语。 teenage /ˈti:neɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的,十几岁的 drive /draɪv/ vt. 迫使;驾驶 mad /mæd/ adj. 气愤;疯的 lately /ˈleɪtli/ adv. 最近 decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定 stick /stɪk/ vi. & vt. 粘贴,粘住;刺,插入 stress /stres/ n. 精神压力,心理负担 waste /weɪst/ vt. 浪费,滥用 regret /rɪˈɡret/ vt. 懊悔,感到遗憾 hate /heɪt/ vt. & vi. 极不喜欢,厌恶 exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. (= examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn/) 考试 focused /ˈfəʊkəst/ adj. 注意力集中的 argue /ˈɑ:ɡju:/ vi. 争论,争吵,争辩 silly /ˈsɪli/ adj. 傻的 , 愚蠢的 normal /ˈnɔ:ml/ adj. 正常的,典型的 bottom /ˈbɒtəm/ n. 底部;底 dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对话 communicate /kəˈmju:nɪkeɪt/ vi. 沟通 vi. & vt. 交流 dictionary /ˈdɪkʃənri/ n. 词典,辞书 youth /ju:θ/ n. 青年;青春 stage /steɪdʒ/ n. 阶段,时期;舞台 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ vt. 经历;体验 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 快速的 ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj. 丑陋的 probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv. 很可能,大概 risk /rɪsk/ vt. 冒…的风险;冒险做 unkind /ˌʌnˈkaɪnd/ adj. 不友善的,刻薄的 stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人;外地人 bully /ˈbʊli/ vt. 恐吓,伤害,胁迫 n. 恃强凌弱之人,恶霸 screen /skri:n/ n. 屏幕 pain /peɪn/ n. 痛苦;疼痛 shame /ʃeɪm/ n. 羞耻;让人遗憾的事 adult /ˈædʌlt/ n. 成年人 mobile phone n. 手机 be in low spirits 情绪低落 stick to 坚持 under stress 在压力之下,承受压力 cut back on sth 减少,削减,缩减 risk sth/doing sth 冒…的风险 go through 经历,遭受 stand up for sb/sth 支持,维护 put up with sb/sth 忍受;容忍 get sb down 使悲伤(沮丧、忧郁等) 2. 非课标重点单词、短语。 patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心 stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑不安的 mood /mu:d/ n. 情绪,心情  bedtime /ˈbedtaɪm/ n. 就寝时间 二、重点单词、短语用法讲解 1、teenage 词义:teenage作形容词,意为"青少年的;十几岁的"。 Teenage problems are common among middle school students.(青少年问题在中学生中很常见。) 词形变化:teen n. 青少年(通常用复数teens) teenager n. 青少年(指13至19岁的人) 短语、搭配:① teenage years(青少年时期) ② teenage life(青少年生活) 易错点:teenage为形容词,只用于修饰名词,不可作表语。 2、drive 词义:① drive作动词,意为"驾驶;开车"。 She learned to drive when she was 18.(她18岁时学会了开车。) ② drive作动词,意为"驱赶;迫使"。 The noise drove me crazy.(噪音快把我逼疯了。) 词形变化:driver n. 驾驶员;司机 短语、搭配:① drive sb. crazy/mad(把某人逼疯/逼急) Too much homework drives me crazy sometimes.(太多作业有时让我抓狂。) ② drive to some place(开车去某地) I will drive you to the airport.(我开车送你去机场。) ③ drive away(驱车离开;赶走) He drove away without saying goodbye.(他没说再见就开车走了。) 易错点:drive为不规则动词,过去式为drove,过去分词为driven,现在分词为driving。 3、mad 词义:mad作形容词,意为"发疯的;生气的"。 My mom will be mad if I come home late.(如果回家晚了,我妈妈会生气的。) She is mad about pop music.(她对流行音乐痴迷。) 短语、搭配:① be mad at sb.(生某人的气) I was mad at myself for making such a silly mistake.(我因为犯了这么蠢的错误而生自己的气。) ② be mad about sth.(对某事痴迷/狂热) He is mad about football and never misses a match.(他对足球非常痴迷,从不错过一场比赛。) ③ go mad(发疯;疯狂) The crowd went mad when their team won.(当他们的球队获胜时,人群沸腾了。) 辨析:mad与angry ① mad常用于口语,意为"疯狂的"或"生气的",语气较强。 She is mad at me for losing her key.(她因为我弄丢了她的钥匙而生我的气。) ② angry为正式用语,意为"生气的;愤怒的",语气较mad更正式。 He was angry about the decision.(他对这个决定感到生气。) 4、lately 词义:lately作副词,意为"最近;近来"。 Have you seen any good movies lately?(你最近看过什么好电影吗?) 易错点:lately常与现在完成时连用,表示从过去某时到现在的一段时间内,也可用于一般过去时。 5、decision 词义:decision作可数名词,意为"决定"。 The final decision is up to you.(最后的决定由你来做。) 词形变化:decide v. 决定;下决心 decisive adj. 决定性的;果断的 短语、搭配:① make a decision(做决定) We need to make a decision by tomorrow.(我们需要在明天之前做出决定。) ② come to/reach a decision(达成决定;做出决定) After a long discussion, they came to a decision.(经过长时间的讨论,他们做出了决定。) ③ a wise/good decision(明智的决定) 易错点:其动词形式decide的用法也要掌握:decide to do sth.(决定做某事)。 6、stick 词义:① stick作可数名词,意为"棍;棒;手杖"。 He picked up a stick to draw on the ground.(他捡起一根棍子在地上画画。) ② stick作动词,意为"粘贴;粘住;刺;插入 "。 Please stick a stamp on the envelope.(请在信封上贴一张邮票。) 词形变化:sticky adj. 粘的;粘性的 短语、搭配:① stick to(坚持;遵守) stick to中的to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing),不接动词原形。 He sticks to doing exercise every morning.(他坚持每天早晨锻炼。) You should stick to your plan.(你应该坚持你的计划。) ② stick out(伸出;突出) Don't stick your head out of the window.(不要把头伸出窗外。) 易错点:stick作"粘贴"解时,其过去式和过去分词均为stuck。 7、stress 词义:① stress作不可数名词,意为"精神压力,心理负担,紧张"。 He is under a lot of stress at work.(他工作压力很大。) ② stress作动词,意为"强调;重读"。 The teacher stressed the importance of practice.(老师强调了练习的重要性。) 词形变化:stressful adj. 有压力的;紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑的;感到压力的 短语、搭配:① under stress(处于压力之下) She is under great stress because of the exam.(因为考试,她承受着巨大的压力。) ② reduce/relieve stress(减轻压力) Doing exercise can help reduce stress.(做运动有助于减轻压力。) ③ stress the importance of(强调……的重要性) Our teacher always stresses the importance of hard work.(我们老师总是强调努力的重要性。) 易错点:形容词stressed(感到压力的)用于描述人的感受;stressful(令人有压力的)用于描述事物。两者区别类似bored与boring。 8、waste 词义:① waste作动词,意为"浪费;挥霍;滥用"。 We shouldn't waste food.(我们不应该浪费食物。) ② waste作不可数名词,意为"浪费;废物;垃圾"。 It is a waste of time to watch too much TV.(看太多电视是浪费时间。) ③ waste作形容词,意为"废弃的;无用的"。 We should recycle waste paper.(我们应该回收废纸。) 词形变化:wasteful adj. 浪费的;挥霍的 wasted adj. 浪费了的;白费的 短语、搭配:① a waste of time/money(浪费时间/金钱) Watching this show is a waste of time.(看这个节目是浪费时间。) ② waste ... on ...(把……浪费在……上) Don't waste your money on things you don't need.(不要把金钱浪费在你不需要的东西上。) ③ waste ... (in) doing sth.(浪费……做某事) She wasted a whole day waiting for him.(她浪费了一整天等他。) 易错点:waste作动词时,常用句型为waste time/money (in) doing sth.,介词in可以省略。waste作名词时,a waste of ...为固定搭配,其中waste为单数名词,用a修饰。 9、regret 词义:① regret作动词,意为"后悔;遗憾;抱歉"。 I regret that I didn't study harder.(我后悔没有更努力学习。) ② regret作不可数名词,意为"遗憾;后悔"。 She expressed regret for what she had done.(她对自己所做的事表示遗憾。) 词形变化:regretful adj. 遗憾的;后悔的 regrettable adj. 令人遗憾的 短语、搭配:① regret doing sth.(后悔做了某事) I regret telling her the secret.(我后悔告诉了她这个秘密。)【已经做了,感到后悔】 ② regret to do sth.(遗憾要做某事) I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.(我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试没通过。)【尚未做,感到遗憾】 易错点:regret doing表示"后悔做过某事"(事情已发生),regret to do表示"遗憾地要做某事"(事情尚未发生)。其过去式和过去分词均为regretted(双写t加ed),现在分词为regretting(双写t加ing)。 10、hate 词义:hate作动词,意为"讨厌;憎恨;不喜欢"。 She hates it when people are late.(她讨厌别人迟到。) 词形变化:hateful adj. 可恨的;令人讨厌的 短语、搭配:① hate doing/to do sth.(讨厌做某事) I hate doing housework.(我讨厌做家务。)【习惯性讨厌】 I hate to tell you this, but we have to leave.(我不愿意告诉你这个,但我们得走了。)【临时性不愿】 ② hate sb. for doing sth.(因某事而恨某人) I hate him for lying to me.(我恨他对我撒谎。) 辨析:hate与dislike ① hate语气强烈,意为"憎恨、讨厌",表达强烈的厌恶情绪。 I hate being cheated.(我讨厌被欺骗。) ② dislike语气较温和,意为"不喜欢、不喜爱",程度上轻于hate。 I dislike cold weather.(我不喜欢寒冷的天气。) 易错点:hate后接动词时,既可接动名词(指习惯性讨厌),也可接不定式(指一次性或临时的厌恶),与like用法相似。 11、exam 词义:exam作可数名词,意为"考试;测验"。exam为examination的缩写形式。 She passed the exam with flying colors.(她以优异成绩通过了考试。) 词形变化:examine v. 检查;审查 examinee n. 应试者 examiner n. 主考官 短语、搭配:① take /do an exam(参加考试) ② pass an exam(通过考试) ③ fail an exam(考试不及格) ④ exam paper(试卷) 辨析:exam与test ① exam多指正式的"考试",如期末考试、升学考试等,规模较大,时间较长。 We will have the final exam in June.(我们六月份有期末考试。) ② test多指"测验、小考",规模较小,时间较短,如随堂测试。 We will have a vocabulary test on Friday.(我们周五有一个词汇测验。) 12、focused 词义:focused作形容词,意为"专注的;集中的"。 She is focused on preparing for the contest.(她正在专心准备比赛。) 词形变化:focus v./n. 集中(注意力);焦点 unfocused adj. 不集中的 短语、搭配:① be focused on(专注于……) I am focused on finishing my homework before dinner.(我专注于在晚饭前完成作业。) ② stay/keep focused(保持专注) It's hard to stay focused for the whole class.(一整节课都保持专注很难。) 辨析:focused与concentrated ① focused意为"注意力集中的",强调精力聚焦在某事上。 He gave a focused speech on environment.(他作了一个关于环境的专注的演讲。)【着重于主题集中的】 ② concentrated意为"集中的;浓缩的",更强调聚集或密度。 Concentrated study is necessary for exam success.(集中学习对于考试成功是必要的。)【强调学习强度】 13、argue 词义:argue作动词,意为"争吵;争论;论证"。 My parents never argue in front of me.(我父母从不在我面前争吵。) 词形变化:argument n. 争论;论据 arguable adj. 可争论的 短语、搭配:① argue with sb.(与某人争吵/争论) Don't argue with your teacher.(不要和老师争辩。) ② argue about/over sth.(因某事而争吵) They always argue about what to watch on TV.(他们总是为看什么电视节目而争吵。) ③ argue for/against(支持/反对……而争辩) Many people argued against the new law.(许多人反对这项新法律而进行争辩。) 易错点:argue后接人时用with,接事时用about/over。表示"主张……"或"争辩说……"时,后接that从句,如argued that...。注意名词argument的拼写,去e加-ment。 14、silly 词义:silly作形容词,意为"愚蠢的;傻的;可笑的"。 It was silly of me to believe him.(我竟然相信了他,真傻。) 词形变化:silliness n. 愚蠢 sillily adv. 愚蠢地 短语、搭配:① silly mistake(愚蠢的错误) ② feel silly(觉得可笑/难为情) I felt silly wearing that hat.(我戴着那顶帽子觉得很可笑。) 辨析:silly、foolish与stupid ① silly语气最轻,指"不合情理的、可笑的",常带有幽默或可爱的意味。 What a silly question!(好傻的问题啊!) ② foolish指"缺乏判断力的、不明智的",表示虽不聪明但并非不可原谅。 It was foolish of him to go out in the rain.(他冒雨出去真是够傻的。) ③ stupid语气最强,指"智力低下的、极愚蠢的",含有贬义,使用时需谨慎。 That was a stupid thing to do.(那样做太蠢了。)【语气较重】 易错点:silly的比较级为sillier,最高级为silliest。 15、normal 词义:normal作形容词,意为"正常的;平常的"。 Everything has returned to normal after the earthquake.(地震后一切都恢复了正常。) 词形变化:normally adv. 正常地;通常地 abnormal adj. 不正常的;反常的 短语、搭配:① above/below normal(高于/低于正常水平) His temperature is below normal.(他的体温低于正常值。) ② return to normal(恢复正常) School life returned to normal after the holiday.(假期后校园生活恢复了正常。) ③ it is normal to do sth.(做某事是正常的) It is normal to make mistakes when learning.(学习时犯错误是正常的。) 辨析:normal与usual ① normal强调"正常的、常态的",指符合一般标准或规律,没有异常。 His heart rate is normal.(他的心率正常。) ② usual强调"通常的、惯常的",指习惯性的或经常发生的事。 He came home later than usual.(他比平时回家晚。) 易错点:normal为形容词,其反义词为abnormal。 16、bottom 词义:① bottom作可数名词,意为"底部;末端;尽头"。 There is a sticker at the bottom of the page.(页面底部有一张贴纸。) She fell to the bottom of the class in math.(她数学成绩掉到了班级最后。) ② bottom作形容词,意为"最底部的;最后的"。 The bottom shelf is too low for me.(最下面的架子对我来说太低了。) 短语、搭配:① at the bottom of(在……底部) I found my keys at the bottom of my schoolbag.(我在书包底部找到了钥匙。) ② from the bottom of one's heart(发自内心地) I thank you from the bottom of my heart.(我从心底里感谢你。) ③ bottom line(底线;最终结果) The bottom line is that we need more time.(最终结果是我们需要更多时间。) 17、dialogue 词义:dialogue作可数名词,意为"对话;对白"。dialog(美式拼写,与dialogue同义) We have to write a dialogue in today's English class.(今天的英语课上我们要写一段对话。) 短语、搭配:① have a dialogue with(与……进行对话) The teacher had a dialogue with each student.(老师与每个学生进行了对话。) ② a dialogue between A and B(A与B之间的对话) There is a meaningful dialogue between the two characters in the story.(故事中两个角色之间有一段有意义的对话。) 辨析:dialogue与conversation ① dialogue强调正式的"对话、对白",常指书面的、政治的或戏剧中的对话。 The dialogue in this movie is very funny.(这部电影里的对白很有趣。) ② conversation指日常生活中的"交谈、谈话",为非正式用语。 I had a pleasant conversation with my friend.(我和朋友进行了一次愉快的交谈。) 18、communicate 词义:communicate作动词,意为"交流;沟通;传达"。 We should learn to communicate with others.(我们应该学会与他人沟通。) 词形变化:communication n. 交流;沟通 communicative adj. 爱说话的;交际的 communicator n. 传播者;交流者 短语、搭配: ① communicate with sb.(与某人交流) I communicate with my friends by QQ.(我通过QQ和朋友们交流。) ② communicate sth. to sb.(把某事传达给某人) Please communicate this message to your classmates.(请把这条消息传达给你的同学。) 19、dictionary 词义:dictionary作可数名词,意为"词典;字典"。 Can I borrow your English-Chinese dictionary?(我能借你的英汉词典吗?) 短语、搭配:① look up ... in a dictionary(在词典里查……) If you don't understand the word, look it up in a dictionary.(如果你不认识这个词,在词典里查一下。) 易错点:dictionary的复数形式为dictionaries(变y为i加es)。注意"查词典"的表达:look up ... in a dictionary(不要用look for)。其中look up的宾语是要查的单词,而非词典本身。 20、youth 词义:① youth作不可数名词,意为"青春;青年时期"。 She is full of youth and energy.(她充满青春和活力。) ② youth作可数名词(复数youths),意为"青年;年轻人"(常指男性)。 Youths in that area need more job opportunities.(那个地区的年轻人需要更多的工作机会。) ③ the youth作集合名词,意为"青年们",表示整体概念。 The youth of our country are our future.(我们国家的青年是我们的未来。) 词形变化:youthful adj. 青春的;年轻的 短语、搭配:① youth culture(青年文化) ② youth club(青年俱乐部) ③ youth hostel(青年旅社) 易错点:the youth作主语时,谓语动词常用复数(指全体青年)。 21、stage 词义:① stage作可数名词,意为"舞台;阶段;时期"。 She was nervous but still went on stage.(她很紧张但还是上了舞台。) At this stage of life, study is the most important thing.(在人生的这个阶段,学习是最重要的。) ② stage作动词,意为"举办;上演"。 Our school will stage a play next month.(我们学校下个月将上演一部话剧。) 短语、搭配:① on the stage(在舞台上) The actors performed wonderfully on the stage.(演员们在舞台上表演得非常精彩。) ② at this/that stage(在此时/彼时阶段) At this stage, we don't have enough information to decide.(目前这个阶段,我们没有足够的信息来做决定。) ③ stage by stage(一步一步地;逐步地) You should solve the problem stage by stage.(你应该一步一步地解决这个问题。) 辨析:stage、period ① stage强调"阶段"或"舞台",指发展过程中的一个"步骤"。 The project is at the final stage.(项目处于最后阶段。) ② period强调"时期、时段",持续时间较长。 We lived in Beijing for a period of time.(我们在北京住了一段时间。) 易错点:"在舞台上"用on the stage,不用in。表示"阶段"时常用at the stage,如at this stage(在这个阶段)。 22、experience 词义:① experience作可数名词,意为"经历;体验"。 That trip to the beach was an unforgettable experience.(那次海边之旅是一次难忘的经历。) ② experience作不可数名词,意为"经验;阅历"。 He has a lot of teaching experience.(他有丰富的教学经验。) ③ experience作及物动词,意为"经历;体验"。 She experienced great sadness after losing her pet.(失去宠物后她经历了巨大的悲伤。) 词形变化:experienced adj. 有经验的;熟练的 短语、搭配:① have experience in (doing) sth.(有做某事的经验) I have no experience in cooking.(我没有做饭的经验。) ② a(n) ... experience(一次……的经历) Learning to ride a bike is a great experience.(学骑自行车是一次很棒的经历。) ③ gain/get experience(获得经验) I want to get more work experience during the summer.(我想在暑假获得更多的工作经验。) 易错点:experience作"经验"讲时为不可数名词,作"经历"讲时为可数名词。 23、rapid 词义:rapid作形容词,意为"快速的;迅速的"。 She made rapid progress in English this term.(她这学期的英语进步很快。) 词形变化:rapidly adv. 快速地;迅速地 短语、搭配:① rapid growth(快速增长) ② rapid progress(快速进步) ③ rapid response(快速反应) 辨析:rapid、fast与quick ① rapid强调"高速的",指事情发生得非常迅速,常用于发展、变化等抽象事物。 The river has a rapid current.(这条河水流湍急。) ② fast强调速度"快",指移动、运行的速度,常用于具体事物。 He runs very fast.(他跑得很快。) ③ quick强调动作"快",指在短时间内完成,强调敏捷性。 She gave me a quick answer.(她给了我一个快速的回答。) 24、probably 词义:probably作副词,意为"大概;很可能"。 He is probably the best student in our class.(他很可能是我们班最好的学生。) 易错点:probably放在实义动词前、be动词或助动词后。如:He probably knows the answer. / He is probably right. 辨析:probably、maybe与perhaps probably表示的可能性最高,约80%-90%的可能性。表可能性的副词按程度由高到低排列:probably(很可能)> possibly(也许)> maybe/perhaps(或许)。 ① probably意为"很可能",表示有较大把握的推测。 She will probably come to the party.(她很可能会来参加派对。) ② maybe意为"或许、可能",口语常用,表示不太确定的推测。 Maybe she is at home.(或许她在家。) ③ perhaps意为"也许",较为正式,表示不确定。 Perhaps we will meet again someday.(也许我们有一天还会再见。) 25、risk 词义:① risk作可数名词(也可作不可数名词),意为"风险;危险"。 There is a risk of getting lost in this forest.(在这片森林里有迷路的风险。) ② risk作及物动词,意为"冒险;冒……的风险"。 He risked his life to save the child.(他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。) 短语、搭配:① at risk(处于危险中) Many animals are at risk of extinction.(许多动物面临灭绝的风险。) ② take a risk / take risks(冒险) Don't take unnecessary risks while hiking.(徒步旅行时不要冒不必要的风险。) ③ risk doing sth.(冒险做某事) You shouldn't risk going out in such bad weather.(你不应该在这么糟糕的天气冒险外出。) ④ at the risk of(冒着……的风险) At the risk of being wrong, I will give it a try.(冒着出错的风险,我要试一试。) 词形变化:risky adj. 有风险的;危险的 辨析:risk与danger ① risk强调"风险",指可能产生不好的结果或损失,常与"选择"相关。 Smoking increases the risk of lung cancer.(吸烟会增加患肺癌的风险。) ② danger强调"危险",指直接的、眼前的威胁,程度较重。 He is in danger.(他处于危险之中。) 易错点:risk作动词时后接动名词,不接不定式。如risk doing sth.,不可说risk to do sth.。 26、unkind 词义:unkind作形容词,意为"不友善的;刻薄的"。 What he said was very unkind.(他说的话非常刻薄。) 词形变化:kind adj. 善良的;友好的 kindly adv. 友善地 kindness n. 善良;仁慈 unkindly adv. 不友善地 短语、搭配:① be unkind to sb.(对某人不友善) Don't be unkind to your little brother.(不要对你的弟弟不友善。) ② it is unkind of sb. to do sth.(某人做某事不善良) It was unkind of her to ignore his feelings.(她忽视他的感受是不善良的。) 27、stranger 词义:stranger作可数名词,意为"陌生人;外地人"。 You shouldn't talk to strangers on the street.(你不应该在街上和陌生人说话。) 词形变化:strange adj. 陌生的;奇怪的 strangely adv. 奇怪地 短语、搭配:① be a stranger to sth.(对某事不熟悉/没有经验) I'm a stranger to this kind of work.(我对这种工作不太熟悉。) ② a complete/total stranger(完全陌生的人) 28、bully 词义:① bully作可数名词,意为"恃强凌弱者;恶霸"。 Don't be a bully. Be kind to others.(不要当恶霸,要善待他人。) ② bully作动词,意为"欺负;恐吓"。 Some students bully others because they think it makes them look cool.(有些学生欺负别人是因为他们认为这样看起来很酷。) 词形变化:bullying n. 欺凌;恃强凌弱 短语、搭配:① bully sb. into doing sth.(威胁某人做某事) He bullied me into giving him my pocket money.(他威胁我把零花钱给他。) ② stop bullying(停止欺凌) Our school is taking actions to stop bullying.(我们学校正在采取措施制止欺凌行为。) 易错点:bully的第三人称单数为bullies,现在分词为bullying,过去式为bullied。 29、screen 词义:① screen作可数名词,意为"屏幕;银幕;显示屏"。 The movie looks great on the big screen.(这部电影在大银幕上看起来很棒。) 短语、搭配:① on screen(在屏幕上;在银幕上) I saw the actor on screen for the first time.(我第一次在银幕上看到这位演员。) 30、pain 词义:① pain作可数名词,意为"疼痛"。 I have a pain in my left leg.(我左腿疼痛。) ② pain作不可数名词,意为"痛苦;悲痛"。 She felt great pain after losing her best friend.(失去最好的朋友后她感到非常痛苦。) ③ pain作动词,意为"使痛苦;使疼痛"。 My back is paining me.(我的背很痛。) 词形变化:painful adj. 疼痛的;令人痛苦的 painless adj. 无痛的;不痛苦的 painfully adv. 痛苦地 短语、搭配:① have a pain in(某处疼痛) I have a pain in my stomach.(我胃痛。) ② take pains to do sth.(费尽苦心做某事;尽力做某事) She took great pains to make the party perfect.(她费尽心思使派对完美。) ③ in pain(在痛苦中) The injured dog was lying on the ground in pain.(受伤的狗痛苦地躺在地上。) 辨析:pain与ache ① pain既可指身体上的"疼痛",也可指心理上的"痛苦",范围更广。 I have a pain in my back.(我背疼。) It's a pain to lose the game.(输了比赛真是件痛苦的事。) ② ache常与身体部位名词复合(如headache、toothache、stomachache),指持续的"钝痛"。 I have a headache.(我头痛。) 31、shame 词义:① shame作不可数名词,意为"羞耻;羞愧;惭愧"。 She felt deep shame for what she had done.(她为自己所做的事感到深深的羞愧。) His face was red with shame.(他因羞愧而满脸通红。) ② shame作不可数名词,常与不定冠词a连用,意为"遗憾的事;可惜"。 What a shame that we missed the train!(真遗憾我们错过了火车!) 词形变化:ashamed adj. 羞愧的;感到羞耻的 shameful adj. 可耻的;丢脸的 shameless adj. 无耻的;不知羞耻的 短语、搭配:① What a shame!(真遗憾!真可惜!) What a shame! You didn't come to the party.(真可惜,你没来参加派对。) ② feel shame(感到羞愧) He felt shame for cheating in the exam.(他因为考试作弊而感到羞愧。) 辨析:shame与pity ① shame表示"遗憾、可惜"时,常用于感叹句中,与pity意思相近。 What a shame that he didn't pass the exam.(他没通过考试,真遗憾。) ② pity也表示"遗憾、可惜",有时可与shame互换,但pity还可表示"同情"。 What a pity!We are too late.(真遗憾!我们太晚了。) I feel pity for the homeless people.(我同情那些无家可归的人。) 32、adult 词义:① adult作可数名词,意为"成年人"。 Children should not watch this movie without an adult.(孩子们不应该在没有成年人陪同的情况下看这部电影。) 短语、搭配:① adult education(成人教育) ② adult life(成年生活) 33、be in low spirits 词义:be in low spirits意为"情绪低落;意志消沉"。 Don't be in low spirits. Everything will be fine.(不要情绪低落,一切都会好起来的。) 易错点:spirits在此短语中必须用复数形式,不可用单数spirit。表示"情绪高涨"可用be in high spirits。 34、cut back on sth 词义:cut back on sth意为"削减;减少;缩减",on后接要削减的对象(名词或动名词)。 The doctor advised me to cut back on junk food.(医生建议我减少垃圾食品的摄入。) Our family decided to cut back on expenses this year.(我们家决定今年缩减开支。) 辨析:cut back on与cut down on ① cut back on和cut down on在"减少、削减"含义上基本同义,可以互换。 I need to cut back on/cut down on sugar.(我需要减少糖的摄入。) ② cut back还可指"修剪(植物)",而cut down还可指"砍倒(树木)"。 The gardener cut back the bushes.(园丁修剪了灌木丛。) They cut down the old tree.(他们砍倒了那棵老树。) 35、go through 词义:① go through意为"经历;经受"(困难、痛苦等)。 My grandmother went through a lot of hardships in her life.(我祖母一生经历了许多苦难。) ② go through意为"仔细检查;审查"。 Please go through your paper carefully before handing it in.(交卷前请仔细检查一遍。) ③ go through意为"穿过;通过"。 The river goes through the city.(这条河穿过这座城市。) 易错点:go through中的through为介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。 辨析:go through与get through ① go through强调"经历(过程)"或"穿过(空间)"。 She went through a difficult time after losing her job.(失业后她经历了一段艰难的时光。) ② get through强调"通过;完成"或"打通电话"。 I finally got through the exam.(我终于通过了考试。) I couldn't get through to her on the phone.(我没能打通她的电话。) 36、stand up for sb/sth 词义:stand up for sb./sth.意为"支持;维护;捍卫"。 We should always stand up for what is right.(我们应该永远维护正确的事情。) 易错点:stand up for中的for为介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。该短语强调"发声支持、挺身维护",不单纯是心理上的支持。 辨析:stand up for与stand up to ① stand up for意为"支持、捍卫",强调为某人或某事说话、辩护。 She stood up for her friend when others laughed at her.(当别人嘲笑她朋友时,她站出来为朋友说话。) ② stand up to意为"抵抗、勇敢面对",强调不退缩地对抗(某人/某物)。 He stood up to the bully and said "Stop!"(他勇敢面对那个恶霸,说"住手!") 37、put up with sb/sth 词义:put up with sb./sth.意为"忍受;容忍"。 She has to put up with her brother's bad temper.(她不得不忍受她哥哥的坏脾气。) 易错点:put up with为"动词+副词+介词"型短语,with后接忍受的对象(人或事物)。with为介词,后接名词或代词。 辨析:put up with与stand、bear ① put up with与stand、bear在表示"忍受"时同义,常可互换,但put up with更口语化。 I can't put up with/stand/bear this weather anymore.(我再也忍受不了这种天气了。) ② stand多用于否定句和疑问句中,强调"忍受"的主观态度。 How can you stand this hot weather?(你怎么能忍受这么热的天气?) ③ bear强调"承受"负担或痛苦,语气较正式。 She bore the pain bravely.(她勇敢地承受了疼痛。) 38、get sb down 词义:get sb down意为"使某人沮丧;使某人情绪低落"。 The heavy workload is really getting me down.(繁重的工作量真让我沮丧。) 易错点:get sb down为"动词+名词/代词+副词"型短语,代词宾格必须放在get与down之间。 辨析:get sb down与let sb down ① get sb down强调"使某人情绪低落、沮丧",侧重于心理上的影响。 This bad news really got me down.(这个坏消息真的让我很沮丧。) ② let sb down强调"使某人失望、辜负某人",侧重于未能达到期望。 I won't let you down. I'll try my best.(我不会让你失望的,我会尽最大努力。) 39、mobile phone 词义:mobile phone作可数名词,意为"手机;移动电话"。 Don't use your mobile phone in class.(课堂上不要使用手机。) 短语、搭配:mobile phone number(手机号码) Could you give me your mobile phone number?(你能给我你的手机号码吗?) 单元单词,短语用法练习 一、根据提示填写单词 1.She is going through a t________ period in her life, full of changes and challenges. 2.His father d________ him to school every morning. 3.My mother will be m________ if I break her favourite vase. 4.Have you seen any good movies l________? 5.We need to make a d________ before the deadline. 6.You should s________ to your plan and not give up. 7.Too much homework causes a lot of s________ for students. 8.Don't ________ (浪费) time on playing video games all day. 9.I ________ (后悔) telling her the secret. 10.She h________ getting up early on weekends. 11.We will take the final e________ next month. 12.You need to stay f________ during the class. 13.Don't a________ with your parents about small things. 14.It is ________ (正常的) to feel nervous before an exam. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 15.Most ________ (teenage) have problems with their parents at some point. 16.The ________ (drive) stopped the bus safely in the heavy rain. 17.He has ________ (stick) the picture on the wall with glue. 18.She felt very ________ (stress) about the coming exam. 19.It's ________ (waste) to throw away the leftover food. 20.He gave a ________ (regret) smile when he heard the news. 21.They had a long ________ (argue) about where to go for the holiday. 22.Making such a silly mistake made me feel even ________ (silly) than before. 23.Good ________ (communicate) is important in a team. 24.You can find the meaning of this word in many ________ (dictionary). 25.It is ________ (risk) to go out in such a heavy storm. 26.She felt great ________ (painful) after losing her pet dog. 三、单项选择 27.You should ________ your plan even if it's difficult. A.stick out B.stick to C.stick with D.stick up 28.My father will ________ me if I come home late. A.be mad about B.be mad with C.be mad at D.be mad of 29.We need to stay ________ our study during the exam week. A.focus on B.focused on C.focusing on D.to focus on 30.Don't ________ your money ________ things you don't really need. A.spend; on B.pay; for C.cost; for D.waste; on 31.I ________ you that your application has been accepted. A.regret telling B.regret to tell C.regret tell D.regret told 32.My parents never ________ each other in front of me. A.argue about B.argue for C.argue against D.argue with 33.The lost keys were found ________ the schoolbag. A.on the bottom of B.in the bottom of C.at the bottom of D.by the bottom of 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 34.考试失败后,他情绪低落了很久。 After failing the exam, he ________ ________ ________ ________ for a long time. 35.医生建议我减少高糖食物的摄入。 The doctor advised me to ________ ________ ________ high-sugar food. 36.她一生中经历了许多困难和挑战。 She ________ ________ many difficulties and challenges in her life. 37.我们应该勇敢地为正义发声。 We should bravely ________ ________ ________ what is just. 38.我再也无法忍受邻居家的狗叫声了。 I can't ________ ________ ________ the barking of my neighbor's dog any more. 39.持续不断的雨真让我沮丧。 The continuous rain is really ________ ________ ________. 40.他们花了很长时间才做出最终决定。 They spent a long time ________ a ________. 41.我们应该学会如何与不同文化背景的人交流。 We should learn how to ________ ________ people from different cultural backgrounds. 42.如果你不理解这个词,查一下词典。 If you don't understand this word, ________ it ________ in the dictionary. 43.他不应该冒这么大的风险去投资那个项目。 He shouldn't ________ such a big ________ to invest in that project. $

资源预览图

Unit 2 Teenage problems 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上学期
1
Unit 2 Teenage problems 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上学期
2
Unit 2 Teenage problems 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上学期
3
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。