读后续写·善良与回报·高分模板——以2020年高考题为例 讲义-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语讲义聚焦读后续写核心考点，围绕主题理解、伏笔回应、语言表达等考查要求，按“读—拆—积—写—套”五步逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理（前文伏笔拆解）、方法指导（分类语料积累）、真题训练（范文解构与仿写）等环节，帮助学生系统突破写作难点。 资料以“五步走”设计与万能模板为亮点，通过前文伏笔拆解表培养思维品质，分类语料库提升语言能力，模板套用示例强化学习能力，确保学生高效掌握写作逻辑与表达技巧。为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供实用指导。

2020年新高考I卷读后续写 善良与回报 ——从真题到万能模板 语料 · 方法 · 范文 · 模板 四位一体 编写说明 一、为什么要做这样一份资料 带了这么多年高三，我发现一个让人头疼的问题：学生读后续写总是写不出来，或者写出来的东西千篇一律。背了很多"高级句型"，到了考场还是不会用；看了很多范文，换一篇文章就懵了。问题出在哪？我觉得是缺少一个"从这篇文章到那篇文章"的迁移桥梁。 市面上的读后续写资料，要么是范文堆砌，要么是语料罗列，学生看完还是不知道"我拿到一篇新题，第一步该干什么"。这份资料想解决的就是这个问题——以2020年新高考I卷这道经典真题为样本，把从读题到成文的整个过程拆给学生看，最后落到一个能背、能用、能迁移的模板上。 二、设计思路 这份资料按"读—拆—积—写—套"五步走： 读：先把真题原文读透，弄清楚故事在讲什么、人物什么性格、前面埋了哪些伏笔。 拆：用叙事学的基本思路把前文拆开，找出必须回应的点和可以发挥的空间。这一步不讲理论名词，只讲"你要注意什么"。 积：按动作、情绪、环境、肖像、对话、主题句六个维度，给足这一类话题的语料。语料全部来自高考大纲词汇，不超纲。 写：给一篇高分范文，逐句拆解好在哪——哪些词用得准、哪些句子是长难句、哪些语法点加分。 套：最关键的一步。从范文里提炼出一个"善良与回报"类文章的万能模板，学生背下来，遇到同类话题直接套用。 三、高考动向 从近五年新高考读后续写真题来看，命题有几个明显趋势： 第一，主题正能量。助人为乐、亲情友情、成长感悟是三大主流主题，"善良与回报"正好是助人为乐类的典型代表。 第二，前文伏笔越来越细。2020年这道题里，corn、popcorn、paper bags这些细节都是后文必须回应的点，丢一个就扣分。 第三，对语言质量的要求在提高。简单句堆砌已经拿不到高分，非谓语、无灵主语、倒装、强调这些语法点要自然地用进去，而不是生硬地塞。 第四，两段续写的分工越来越清晰。第一段一般是"行动与过程"，第二段是"结果与感悟"。这个规律在模板里会体现。 四、课堂怎么用 建议两课时完成。第一课时：读真题+拆前文+积累语料，让学生明白"写什么"。第二课时：研范文+背模板+当堂仿写一篇，让学生学会"怎么写"。 语料部分不要让学生全背，挑自己用得顺手的记。模板部分一定要背，这是保底分的关键。仿写环节可以换一个同主题的故事，让学生用模板套一遍，体会迁移的过程。 真题再现 （2020·新高考I卷）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy — his name was Bernard — had interested her very much. "I wish you could see him," she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. "He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do." After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. "I wish we could help him to earn money," said Clara. "His family is suffering so much." "So do I," said Harry. "We really should do something to assist them." For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, "I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish." The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. "I'll tell you what we can do," said John. "You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn, and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it." Para 1: When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one. Para 2: Bernard was so moved that he decided to do something in return. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按格式作答。 主题定位与前文拆解 一、这篇文章在讲什么 经济不景气的小镇上，善良的Meredith太太经常帮助穷人。她跟孩子们提起一个叫Bernard的男孩——父亲卧病在床，母亲无法外出工作，男孩想赚钱养家却无路可走。孩子们商量后，John想出一个主意：把家里的玉米做成爆米花，装在纸袋里，让Bernard挨家挨户去卖。 主题词：善良、助人、智慧、回报、社区温情。 二、前文埋了哪些"必须回应的点" 写读后续写最忌讳的就是自说自话，前文提到的东西后文不用。我教学生一个简单的办法：读前文时，把所有"具体物品"和"人物情绪"圈出来，后文必须回应。 这篇前文里，必须回应的点有： 序号 前文伏笔 后文如何回应 ① corn（玉米） 要做成popcorn（爆米花），这是John主意的核心，不能丢 ② paper bags（纸袋） 爆米花要装在纸袋里卖 ③ Bernard想赚钱但不知道做什么 后文要写他通过卖爆米花赚到了钱 ④ Mrs. Meredith善良 第一段开头说她觉得主意不错，要写她怎么支持 ⑤ 孩子们（John, Harry, Clara） 不能写完第一段就消失，他们要参与进来 ⑥ Bernard的家庭困境（父亲生病、母亲无法工作） 第二段的回报要落到这个家庭上 教学提示：这一步就是叙事学里说的"前文出现的物品，后文必须用上"。我不跟学生讲理论术语，只说"圈出来的东西要用上"，他们一听就懂。 三、两段续写各写什么 第一段开头：When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one. 方向：Mrs. Meredith支持 → 孩子们一起动手做爆米花 → Bernard来卖 → 卖得很好。这一段是"行动与过程"，重点写做爆米花和卖爆米花的场景。 第二段开头：Bernard was so moved that he decided to do something in return. 方向：Bernard感动 → 他怎么回报 → 升华到善良的传递。这一段是"结果与感悟"，重点写回报的行动和主题升华。 教学提示：两段分工要明确。第一段写"做"，第二段写"悟"。很多学生两段都在写过程，导致第二段没有升华，拿不到高分。 话题语料库（善良与回报类） 以下语料全部选自高考大纲词汇，按写作维度分类。建议每类挑3-5个自己用得顺手的记，不要贪多。 一、动作描写 ◆ 想到主意：spring to one's feet 猛地站起来；eyes lit up 眼睛亮了；a bright idea flashed through one's mind 一个好主意闪过脑海 ◆ 动手做：roll up one's sleeves 卷起袖子；get down to work 开始认真干活；work side by side 并肩工作 ◆ 卖东西：go from door to door 挨家挨户；hold out the paper bags 递出纸袋；warmly recommend 热情推荐 ◆ 感动：be moved to tears 感动得落泪；hold back tears 强忍泪水；a warm current flowed through his heart 一股暖流涌上心头 ◆ 回报：in return 作为回报；pay it forward 把善意传递下去；do one's part 尽自己的一份力 二、情绪描写 ◆ 开心：be wild with joy 欣喜若狂；a big smile spread across one's face 脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容；heart jumped with joy 心中充满喜悦 ◆ 感动：touched to the heart 深深感动；eyes filled with tears 眼里满含泪水；overcome with emotion 激动不已 ◆ 坚定：determined to do 决心做；with firm determination 带着坚定的决心 ◆ 温暖：a warm feeling filled the room 房间里充满温暖；a sense of warmth spread through the community 社区里弥漫着温情 三、环境描写 ◆ 家庭场景：the kitchen was filled with the smell of popcorn 厨房里弥漫着爆米花的香味；the fire burned in the stove 炉子里火烧得正旺 ◆ 社区场景：neighbors gathered at their doors 邻居们聚在门口；the small community became lively 小社区热闹起来 ◆ 傍晚场景：the sun began to set, painting the sky orange 太阳开始落山，把天空染成橙色；lamps shone in the windows 窗户里灯光闪烁 四、肖像描写 ◆ Bernard：a thin, serious-faced boy 一个瘦削、表情严肃的男孩；his eyes held a sense of responsibility beyond his years 他的眼神里有超越年龄的责任感；hard-working hands from hard work 因辛苦劳作而粗糙的手 ◆ Mrs. Meredith：a kind face with gentle eyes 一张慈祥的脸，眼神温柔 五、对话描写 ◆ 支持："What a wonderful idea!" she said excitedly. "多么好的主意啊！"她激动地说。 ◆ 感谢："I don't know how to thank you," Bernard said in a low voice, his voice shaking. "我不知道该怎么感谢你们，"Bernard低声说，声音颤抖。 ◆ 鼓励："Don't worry. We're all in this together," John said, patting him on the shoulder. "别担心，我们一起面对，"John拍着他的肩膀说。 六、主题句（升华用） ◆ Kindness always comes back to those who give it. 善良总会回到给予它的人身边。 ◆ No act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted. 没有善举是白费的，无论它多么微小。 ◆ A single act of kindness can warm a whole community. 一个善举能温暖整个社区。 ◆ What goes around comes around. 善有善报。 ◆ The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in helping others. 找到自我的最好方式，就是在帮助他人中忘却自我。 高分范文 Para 1 When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one. Without hesitation, she rolled up her sleeves and made popcorn with the children. The kitchen was soon filled with the delicious smell of popped corn, and laughter filled the house as they packed the popcorn into paper bags. The next morning, Bernard arrived, his eyes wide with surprise. With encouragement, he gathered his courage and went from door to door, warmly recommending the popcorn. To his great joy, it sold out in no time, and he earned more than expected. Para 2 Bernard was so moved that he decided to do something in return. On the following weekend, he showed up at the Meredith house, carrying fresh vegetables. "I can't thank you enough for what you've done for my family," he said, his voice shaking with emotion. From that day on, Bernard became a regular visitor, helping with gardening and housework. What started as a small act of kindness grew into a lasting friendship, and the whole community was inspired to look out for one another. It was then that the children realized a simple truth: no act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted. 范文解构：好在哪 一、用词精准 ① rolled up her sleeves — 比began to work更有画面感，体现Mrs. Meredith的干练和热情。 ② delicious smell — delicious比nice更准确，意思是"诱人的"，让人闻到就想吃。 ③ his eyes wide with surprise — 独立主格结构，比he was surprised更简洁生动。 ④ sold out in no time — in no time比quickly更地道，强调"转眼就卖光了"。 ⑤ his voice shaking with emotion — 独立主格结构，准确写出了激动到声音发抖的状态，比单纯说excited更有画面感。 二、长难句与简单句交替 范文不是一味写长句，而是长短交替，读起来有节奏感。比如： 长句：The kitchen was soon filled with the delicious smell of popped corn, and laughter filled the house as they packed the popcorn into paper bags.（被动语态+并列句+时间状语从句，信息量大） 短句：The next morning, Bernard arrived.（简洁有力，推动情节） 教学提示：我跟学生说，每3-4个句子里要有一个长难句，但不要每句都长，那样阅卷老师看着累。 三、加分语法点 ① 独立主格结构：his eyes wide with surprise / his voice shaking with emotion（两处独立主格，是高分亮点） ② 现在分词作伴随状语：carrying fresh vegetables ③ 无灵主语：The kitchen was soon filled with... / What started as a small act of kindness grew into...（用物作主语，比人作主语更地道） ④ 强调句：It was then that the children realized a simple truth...（结尾升华用强调句，有力） 四、前文伏笔的回应 前文伏笔 范文中的回应 corn → popcorn 回应了John的主意 paper bags 回应了装爆米花的细节 Bernard想赚钱 回应了他赚到了钱 Mrs. Meredith善良 回应了她卷起袖子一起做 孩子们 回应了他们一起帮忙 Bernard的家庭 回应了他送蔬菜回报 六个伏笔全部回应，这就是为什么这篇范文能拿高分。 万能模板（背诵版） 以下模板从范文中提炼，适用于"助人为乐/善良与回报"类读后续写。括号里是可替换的部分，根据具体题目调整。 Para 1 模板（行动与过程） When [人物A] heard of [主意/计划], [he/she] thought it was a good one. Without hesitation, [he/she] [行动1，如rolled up sleeves] and [做某事] with [人物B]. The [地点] was soon filled with [声音/气味/景象], and [情绪/氛围] as they [动作，如packed...into...]. The next morning, [需要帮助的人] arrived, [his/her] eyes wide with surprise. With encouragement, [he/she] gathered [his/her] courage and [行动2，如went from door to door], [现在分词短语，如warmly recommending...]. To [his/her] great joy, it sold out in no time, and [he/she] earned more than expected. Para 2 模板（结果与感悟） [需要帮助的人] was so moved that [he/she] decided to do something in return. On the following [时间], [he/she] showed up at [地点], carrying [回报物]. "I can't thank you enough for what you've done for [my family/me]," [he/she] said, [his/her] voice shaking with emotion. From that day on, [he/she] became a regular visitor, helping with [具体帮助]. What started as a small act of kindness grew into [结果，如a lasting friendship], and the whole [社区/学校] was inspired to [升华，如look out for one another]. It was then that [人物] realized a simple truth: no act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted. 背诵建议：先背框架（When...Without hesitation...The next morning...To his great joy... / So moved that...From that day on...It was then that...），再填内容。框架背熟了，换任何同主题的文章都能套。 模板套用示例 换一个同主题故事，看看模板怎么套。 【新题】Tom在雨中发现一位老人摔倒在地，他和朋友们一起把老人送回家。老人的家人非常感动，决定做些什么回报。 套用Para 1 When Tom's friends heard of his plan to help the old man, they thought it was a good one. Without hesitation, they rolled up their sleeves and got down to carrying the old man with Tom. The street was soon filled with the sound of rain and their hurried footsteps, and a sense of haste filled the air as they worked side by side, supporting the old man carefully. The next morning, the old man's daughter arrived at Tom's house, her eyes wide with surprise when she saw the flowers and fruit they had prepared. With encouragement from Tom's family, she gathered her courage and expressed her sincere thanks. To her great joy, the old man recovered quickly, and the family felt more grateful than they had ever expected. 套用Para 2 The old man's family was so moved that they decided to do something in return. On the following weekend, they showed up at Tom's house, carrying a basket of fresh fruit and a thank-you note. "I can't thank you enough for what you've done for my father," the daughter said, her voice shaking with emotion. From that day on, the two families became regular visitors, helping each other with housework. What started as a small act of kindness grew into a lasting friendship, and the whole neighborhood was inspired to look out for one another. It was then that Tom realized a simple truth: no act of kindness, no matter how small, is ever wasted. 你看，框架不变，内容一换，就是一篇新的范文。这就是模板的力量。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $