精品解析：湖南省衡阳市第八中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学英语试题

衡阳市八中2026年高三年级入学检测 英 语 试 题 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Combining bikes and trains is a great way to explore nature, which mixes the ease of train travel with the freedom of cycling, giving you a special experience. Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail It’s an 87-mile pathway from Cleveland to Bolivar in Northeast Ohio. The Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad (CVSR) stretches out separately along the trail from Akron to Thornburg Station, a 31-mile stretch which goes through Cuyahoga Valley National Park. The trail hugs the outline of the original Ohio and Erie Canal, passing many landmarks like bridges, museums and villages. Danube Cycle Path It’s a path which follows the Danube River for about 745 miles, from Donaueschingen, Germany to Budapest, Hungary. The path is the most popular in Austria featuring 245 scenic miles serviced by local and long-distance trains. Most cyclists choose to ride from west to east with the flow of the river to take advantage of the natural slope (斜坡) of bicycle traffic. Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail It extends for 25 miles through woodlands next to the Lehigh River. A historic tourist railway called the Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway follows the trail, allowing cyclists to enjoy a one-way ride instead of backtracking. The rail trail is mostly flat and passes through the Lehigh Gorge State Park. While the train operates most days, the bike service is only offered one weekend a month from May to November. Cinder Track It’s a 21-mile broken-stone pathway along the coast of Yorkshire, England. The towns of Scarborough and Whitby, where the trail begins and ends, both have train stations near the trail. The train journey is not a direct pathway between them. Actually, the tracks of the original direct pathway were removed to create the trail. Meanwhile, the trail hugs the Yorkshire coast, with views of seaside cliffs and fishing villages. 1. Which aspect makes the Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail special? A. It gives cyclists a view of the sea. B. It shares most of its trail with CVSR. C. It provides a chance to visit museums. D. It goes through many cities and villages. 2. What is the disadvantage of the Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail for cyclists? A. The extremely rough path. B. The large number of sharp slopes. C. The connection with a local railway. D. The limited availability of cycling service. 3. What do Danube Cycle Path and Cinder Track have in common? A. They provide natural scenic views. B. They are famous for their physical features. C. They have local and long-distance train services. D. They are popular for their historical significance. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。主要介绍了四条结合了自行车和火车的美丽旅行路线，包括路线特点、沿途风景以及旅行建议等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail下的“The trail hugs the outline of the original Ohio and Erie Canal, passing many landmarks like bridges, museums and villages.(这条小径沿着原来的俄亥俄和伊利运河的轮廓延伸，经过许多地标，如桥梁、博物馆和村庄)”可知，Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail的特别之处是提供了参观博物馆的机会。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail下的“While the train operates most days, the bike service is only offered one weekend a month from May to November.(虽然火车大部分时间运行，但从5月到11月，每月只有一个周末提供自行车服务)”可知，Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail对骑自行车的人来说，使用时间是有限制的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Danube Cycle Path下的“The path is the most popular in Austria featuring 245 scenic miles serviced by local and long-distance trains.(这条路径是奥地利最受欢迎的，全长245英里，沿途风景如画，由当地和长途火车提供服务)”以及Cinder Track下的“Meanwhile, the trail hugs the Yorkshire coast, with views of seaside cliffs and fishing villages.(与此同时，这条小径环绕着约克郡海岸，可以看到海边悬崖和渔村)”可知，Danube Cycle Path和Cinder Track的共同之处它们提供自然风景。故选A项。 B Billions fewer birds are flying through North American skies than decades ago and their numbers are shrinking (减少) ever faster, mostly due to the combination of intensive agriculture and warming temperatures, a new study finds. Nearly half of the 261 species studied showed losses important enough to be statistically significant, and more than half of those in decline have seen losses accelerate (加快) since 1987, according to a study published on Feb. 26 in the journal Science. “Not only are we losing birds, we are losing them faster and faster from year to year,” said study coauthor Marta Jarzyna, an ecologist at Ohio State University. The only consolation (安慰) is that the birds shrinking fastest in numbers are species that aren’t yet at risk of going extinct, said study lead author Francois Leroy, also an Ohio State ecologist. Geography proved important when Leroy and Jarzyna looked for reasons why so many bird species are shrinking ever faster. When it came to population declines-not the acceleration-the scientists noticed bigger losses farther south. “In regions where temperatures increase the most, we are seeing strongest declines in populations,” Jarzyna said. “However, the acceleration of those declines is mostly driven by agricultural practices.” The scientists found statistical connections between accelerating decline and high fertilizer and pesticide use and the amount of cropland, Leroy said. He said they couldn’t say any of those caused the acceleration of losses, but it indicated agriculture in general is a factor. “The stronger the agriculture, the faster we will lose birds,” Leroy said. Jarzyna said there is a “strong interaction” between climate change and agriculture in their effect on bird populations. “We found that agricultural intensification causes stronger accelerations of decline in regions where climate warmed the most,” Jarzyna said. “The paper shows that people need to change the way they live to reduce human-caused warming, agricultural intensity and broad application of chemicals,” said Cornell University ornithologist Andrew Farnsworth, who wasn’t part of the study. 4. What do we know about the birds declining fastest? A. They are all migratory species. B. They are currently not endangered. C. They have poor adaptability. D. They face a severe food shortage. 5. What accelerates the bird population decline most? A. Natural disasters. B. Warm temperatures. C. Agricultural activities. D. Geographic locations. 6. How did the scientists carry out their research? A. By doing lab experiments. B. By turning to the locals. C. By conducting online surveys. D. By studying statistical links. 7. Why does the author write the text? A. To present some ways to protect birds. B. To report the decline of bird populations. C. To discuss bird migration patterns. D. To explain the necessity of agricultural reform. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍一项发表于《科学》期刊的新研究指出，北美鸟类数量几十年来大幅减少，且下降速度正在加快，主要原因包括集约化农业和气候变暖。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The only consolation (安慰) is that the birds shrinking fastest in numbers are species that aren’t yet at risk of going extinct, said study lead author Francois Leroy, also an Ohio State ecologist.(研究的主要作者弗朗索瓦·勒罗伊（他也是俄亥俄州立大学的生态学家）表示，唯一的安慰是，数量减少速度最快的鸟类是那些尚未面临灭绝风险的物种)”可知，数量下降最快的鸟类目前并未濒危。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“However, the acceleration of those declines is mostly driven by agricultural practices.(然而，这些下降趋势的加速主要是由农业活动所导致的)”可知，农业活动是加速鸟类数量下降的主因，而非单纯气温。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The scientists found statistical connections between accelerating decline and high fertilizer and pesticide use and the amount of cropland, Leroy said.(勒罗伊说，科学家们发现，鸟类数量持续下降与大量使用化肥和农药以及耕地面积之间的存在统计学上的关联)”可知，研究基于数据分析和统计关联。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Billions fewer birds are flying through North American skies than decades ago and their numbers are shrinking (减少) ever faster, mostly due to the combination of intensive agriculture and warming temperatures, a new study finds.(一项新的研究发现，与几十年前相比，如今飞过北美上空的鸟类数量大幅减少，而且其数量还在以更快的速度持续下降，这主要是由于大规模农业活动和气温升高共同作用的结果)”以及全文围绕“鸟类数量加速减少”这一核心事实展开，介绍研究发现、原因及专家建议，目的是报道报告鸟类数量的减少情况。 C Cognitive (认知的) offloading, the act of delegating mental work to external tools, should concern anyone who values their own intelligence. When given the choice between thinking through a problem or letting technology handle it, will we choose the tool, even when we’re perfectly capable of succeeding on our own? Sam Gilbert noticed in his experiments something he calls “reminder bias.” This is the tendency to use external memory aids even when your own memory would serve you better. Participants chose to set digital reminders for tasks they could easily remember unaided. Even when offered money to encourage people to rely on their own memory, they still couldn’t overcome it. The root reason seems to be that people underestimate their own cognitive abilities. They think they’ll forget, so they set a reminder. They think they can’t solve the problem, so they ask AI. Over time, by consistently choosing the external tool, they never exercise the internal capability. If the problem were limited to memory, it might not matter much. After all, what’s the problem with setting a reminder on your phone? But research suggests the cognitive costs extend far beyond remembering appointments. Nathaniel Barr claimed that individuals who score lower on the Cognitive Reflection Test show greater smartphone dependence when obtaining information. These are people who, when faced with a problem, instinctively (本能地) reach for the quickest solution. AI hasn’t created this tendency. Humans have often preferred mental shortcuts. But AI has removed nearly all difficulties. You don’t have to go to a library or even type a search question. You just ask, and the answer appears, exactly as you need it. My concern is that people may begin using AI in ways that prevent the development of analytical skills. For a college student who consistently uses AI to work through problems, I question whether they’re building the neural infrastructure (神经基础结构) to handle similar problems independently later in life. 8. What does the underlined word “delegating” most probably mean? A. Assigning. B. Comparing. C. Applying. D. Linking. 9. Why did participants in Gilbert’s experiment set unnecessary digital reminders? A. They lacked confidence in their own memory. B. They were not offered enough money. C. They were poor in cognitive abilities. D. They never exercised their internal capability. 10. The author mentions the Cognitive Reflection Test to show ______. A. people rely too much on smartphones B. AI works better than human memory C. reminder bias causes harm to more than just memory D. smartphones are the quickest solution to many problems 11. What is the best title of the article? A. Cognitive Offloading: The Cause of AI Reliance B. How External Aids Like AI Enhance Reminder Bias C. External Tools or Internal Tool,Which Causes More Harm D. Over-reliance on External AI Tools May Weaken Cognitive Abilities 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是过度依赖外部工具（尤其是人工智能）对人类认知能力的潜在负面影响。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“to external tools(给外部工具)”和“When given the choice between thinking through a problem or letting technology handle it(当面临“独立思考解决问题”与“让技术代劳”的选择时)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“将脑力劳动委托给外部工具的行为”，delegating的意思是“委托”，和assigning意思相近。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The root reason seems to be that people underestimate their own cognitive abilities. They think they’ll forget, so they set a reminder. They think they can’t solve the problem, so they ask AI.(根本原因似乎在于人们低估了自己的认知能力。他们担心遗忘，于是设置提醒；认为自己无法解决问题，于是求助人工智能。)”可知，吉尔伯特实验中的参与者会设置不必要的数字提醒是因为他们对自己的记忆力缺乏信心。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But research suggests the cognitive costs extend far beyond remembering appointments.(但研究表明，认知成本远不止于记住约会。)”和第五段“Nathaniel Barr claimed that individuals who score lower on the Cognitive Reflection Test show greater smartphone dependence when obtaining information.(Nathaniel Barr指出，在认知反射测试中得分较低的人，在获取信息时对智能手机的依赖性更强。)”可知，作者提到认知反射测试是为了说明提醒偏差的危害不仅限于记忆。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“My concern is that people may begin using AI in ways that prevent the development of analytical skills. For a college student who consistently uses AI to work through problems, I question whether they’re building the neural infrastructure (神经基础结构) to handle similar problems independently later in life.(我担忧的是，人们可能开始以阻碍分析能力发展的方式使用人工智能。例如，若一名大学生始终依赖人工智能解决问题，我不禁质疑：他们是否正在构建处理同类问题的神经基础结构，以在未来独立应对类似挑战？)”可知，本文主要讲的是过度依赖外部工具（尤其是人工智能）对人类认知能力的潜在负面影响，因此最好的标题是D选项“Over-reliance on External AI Tools May Weaken Cognitive Abilities(过度依赖外部AI工具可能削弱认知能力)”。故选D。 D Researchers from Google have built a new weather prediction model that combines machine learning with conventional techniques, potentially yielding more accurate forecasts. The model, called NeuralGCM and described in a paper in Nature today, bridges a divide that’s grown among weather prediction experts in the last several years. The conventional models, which have dominated weather prediction for the last 50 years, use complex equations (方程) to model changes in the atmosphere and give forecasts, but they are extremely slow and expensive to run. Experts are divided on which tool will be most reliable going forward. But the new model from Google instead attempts to combine the two. “It’s not sort of physics vs. AI. It’s really physics and AI together, ” says Stephan Hoyer, an AI researcher at Google Research and a co-author of the paper. “NeuralGCM shows that when we combine AI with the conventional physics-based models, we can dramatically improve the accuracy and speed of atmospheric climate simulations (模拟),” said Stephan Hoyer. The paper said NeuralGCM proved faster, more accurate and used less computing power in tests against a traditional forecasting model based on atmospheric physics tools called X-SHiELD. In one test, NeuralGCM identified almost the same number of tropical storms as conventional extreme weather trackers did, and twice the number of X-SHiELD. In another test based on temperature and humidity (湿度) levels during 2020, the error rate was between 15 and 50 percent less. Peter Dueben, another co-author of the latest paper, said AI-only models were “often viewed dubiously” by experts because they were not based on mathematical equations devised (设计) from physics. However, the combination of the physics-based model with the deep learning model “seems to get the best of both worlds”, he said, adding that the approach was a “big step towards climate modelling with machine learning”. “The appetite is there for AI, ” Peter says. “But I think a lot of people still are waiting to see what happens. ” 12. According to the passage, NeuralGCM is helpful in ________. A. broadcasting weather forecast B. preventing further climate changes C. bridging the gap between researchers D. building accurate climate models 13. What does the author want to do by mentioning the two tests? A. To analyze NeuralGCM’s working process. B. To highlight the efficiency of NeuralGCM. C. To compare NeuralGCM with other models. D. To reveal problems of conventional trackers. 14. What does the underlined word “dubiously” mean in paragraph 5? A. Skeptically. B. Strictly. C. Precisely. D. Curiously. 15. What’s Peter Dueben’s attitude to the deep learning model? A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Anxious. D. Uncertain. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了谷歌研发的新天气预测模型NeuralGCM，它结合了机器学习和传统物理方程方法，提高了预测的速度和准确性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““NeuralGCM shows that when we combine AI with the conventional physics-based models, we can dramatically improve the accuracy and speed of atmospheric climate simulations (模拟),” said Stephan Hoyer.(“NeuralGCM表明，当我们把人工智能与传统的基于物理的模型结合起来时，我们可以显著提高大气气候模拟的准确性和速度，” Stephan Hoyer说道)”可知，NeuralGCM能显著提高大气气候模拟的准确性和速度，有助于构建更精确的气候模型。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In one test, NeuralGCM identified almost the same number of tropical storms as conventional extreme weather trackers did, and twice the number of X-SHiELD. In another test based on temperature and humidity (湿度) levels during 2020, the error rate was between 15 and 50 percent less.(在一项测试中，NeuralGCM识别出的热带风暴数量几乎与传统的极端天气追踪器相同，且是X-SHiELD识别数量的两倍。在另一项基于2020年温度和湿度水平的测试中，NeuralGCM的误差率降低了15%到50%)”可知，通过这些测试数据，突出了NeuralGCM在识别热带风暴数量和降低误差率方面的优势，可推知作者提到这两个测试是为了突出NeuralGCM的效率。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“because they were not based on mathematical equations devised (设计) from physics(因为它们不是基于物理设计的数学方程)”可知，仅基于人工智能的模型缺乏物理依据，所以专家对其态度是怀疑的。由此可知，画线词意思是“怀疑地”，与A选项“Skeptically(怀疑地)”意思接近。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, the combination of the physics-based model with the deep learning model ‘seems to get the best of both worlds’, he said, adding that the approach was a ‘big step towards climate modelling with machine learning’.(然而，他提到，将基于物理的模型与深度学习模型结合起来‘似乎能获得两者的优势’，并补充说这种方法是‘气候建模与机器学习相结合的一大步’)”可知，Peter Dueben认为将基于物理的模型与深度学习模型相结合似乎是两全其美，由此可推知，他对深度学习模型持支持态度。故选B。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the realm of organizational psychology, the focus has often been on the relationship between employees and their managers. We routinely ask questions like, “Is the boss fair?” and “Does the supervisor listen?” ___16___ As modern workplaces evolve to become flatter and more collaborative, a new form of fairness is emerging as a critical driver of success: peer justice. ___17___ Peer justice refers to the perceived fairness of the treatment that employees receive from their coworkers, rather than from formal authorities. While traditional organizational justice focuses on supervisors and hierarchical relationships, peer justice emphasizes the horizontal connections that shape our daily work experiences. Peer justice manifests in several key dimensions. ___18___ Research indicates that peer justice is highly dynamic; it is not a static “vibe” but fluctuates based on daily interactions. In fact, one study found that about 70% of the variance in peer justice perceptions occurs within the same individual from day to day . You might assume that as long as the boss is fair, the team will thrive. ___19___ Peer justice has a unique impact on performance that even the best manager cannot replicate. When peer justice is lacking, the consequences can be detrimental to an organization. ___20___ Creating a culture of peer fairness requires more than just policies; it necessitates a fundamental shift in leadership and team dynamics. The fairness that exists between peers may be the most crucial factor in your organization’s success. A. This emphasizes the importance of cultivating a positive workplace environment where fairness is consistently practiced. B. However, this focus on the boss-employee relationship is no longer sufficient. C. So what exactly is peer justice, and why does it matter for modern workplaces? D. These include respect, equal support, and fair distribution of work among teammates. E. Yet peer justice is often overlooked when evaluating team performance and organizational health. F. However, peer justice plays a more important role in team success than many people realize. G. How can organizations foster peer justice to unlock their teams’ full potential? 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文聚焦组织心理学领域，指出以往研究多关注员工与管理者的关系，而随着现代职场向扁平化、协作化发展，同辈公平已成为职场成功的关键因素，进而阐释同辈公平的定义、维度、重要性及培养方式。 【16题详解】 上文“In the realm of organizational psychology, the focus has often been on the relationship between employees and their managers. We routinely ask questions like, ‘Is the boss fair?’ and ‘Does the supervisor listen?’(在组织心理学领域，焦点往往集中在员工与管理者之间的关系上。我们经常会问这样的问题：‘老板公平吗？’以及‘主管会倾听吗？’)”明确了以往组织心理学的研究重点，选项B“However, this focus on the boss-employee relationship is no longer sufficient.(然而，这种对上下级关系的关注已经不够了。)”通过转折，引出下文“As modern workplaces evolve to become flatter and more collaborative, a new form of fairness is emerging as a critical driver of success: peer justice.(随着现代工作环境逐渐变得扁平化且更加注重协作，一种新的公平形式正逐渐成为推动成功的关键因素：同事间的公正原则。)”现代职场中新兴的“同辈公平”这一核心概念。 【17题详解】 下文“Peer justice refers to the perceived fairness of the treatment that employees receive from their coworkers, rather than from formal authorities.(同辈公平指的是员工感受到的来自同事而非正式权威的待遇公平性。)”等内容详细解释了同辈公平的定义及要点，选项C“So what exactly is peer justice, and why does it matter for modern workplaces?(那么，同辈公平到底是什么，它对现代职场为何重要？)”以设问的方式，自然引出下文对同辈公平的具体阐释。 【18题详解】 上文“Peer justice manifests in several key dimensions.(同辈公平体现在几个关键维度上。)”指出同辈公平有多个维度，选项D“These include respect, equal support, and fair distribution of work among teammates.(这些维度包括尊重、平等支持以及团队成员间工作的公平分配。)”用“these”指代前文的“key dimensions”，具体列举了同辈公平的表现形式，与上文衔接紧密，贴合语境。 【19题详解】 上文“You might assume that as long as the boss is fair, the team will thrive.(你可能会认为，只要老板公平，团队就能蓬勃发展。)”提出了人们对团队成功的普遍认知，选项F“However, peer justice plays a more important role in team success than many people realize.(然而，同辈公平在团队成功中扮演的角色比许多人意识到的更为重要。)”进行转折，强调同辈公平的独特价值，与后文“Peer justice has a unique impact on performance that even the best manager cannot replicate.(同辈公平对绩效的独特影响是即使最好的管理者也无法复制的。)”形成呼应，逻辑连贯。 【20题详解】 下文“Creating a culture of peer fairness requires more than just policies; it necessitates a fundamental shift in leadership and team dynamics.(营造同辈公平的文化不仅仅需要政策，还需要领导方式和团队动态的根本性转变。)”具体说明了培养同辈公平文化的方法，选项G“How can organizations foster peer justice to unlock their teams’ full potential?(组织如何培养同辈公平以充分释放团队潜力？)”以提问的形式引出下文的具体做法，统领本段内容。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Why would you do something like this?” I asked as the woman put her blouse back on. She looked at me, ____21____. “I mean, I’m very grateful,” I added, “But it can’t be nice having dozens of medical students ____22____ you.” She shook her head and replied peacefully, “It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life. I ____23____ them.” I looked at her medical history in my notebook. Fifteen years ago, she was ____24____ of breast cancer. The tumor (肿瘤) was removed, and then she received ____25____. Seven years later, the cancer ____26____, and she underwent an operation to remove a breast. It was hard to imagine that someone suffering so much would willingly ____27____ themselves to the shame for baring her body to others. Yet she just wanted to repay the staff by ____28____ to be a patient for medical school finals, without expecting anything in return. ____29____, I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people. Behind every successful doctor stand a number of ____30____ — those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them, and those who share their ____31____. What they went through is often tiring or uncomfortable, yet they receive little ____32____. These unsung heroes make medical education ____33____. Their contributions are rarely acknowledged. However, without them, young doctors couldn’t ____34____ their skills. While doctors might help people, they wouldn’t be in a(n) ____35____ to do so if people hadn’t helped them first. 21. A. surprised B. annoyed C. pleased D. disappointed 22. A. helping B. detecting C. monitoring D. surrounding 23. A. adore B. owe C. praise D. treasure 24. A. persuaded B. suspected C. informed D. reminded 25. A. surgery B. encouragement C. advice D. treatment 26. A. remained B. returned C. responded D. recovered 27. A. subject B. attach C. apply D. devote 28. A. arranging B. pretending C. volunteering D. struggling 29. A. Looking back B. Holding on C. Turning around D. Setting out 30. A. nurses B. heroes C. assistants D. citizens 31. A. experiences B. adventures C. discoveries D. responsibilities 32. A. confirmation B. payment C. recognition D. approval 33. A. identical B. precious C. special D. possible 34. A. show B. prove C. enhance D. employ 35. A. attempt B. mood C. mission D. position 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位曾经身患乳腺癌、两次接受手术的女士，自愿成为医学院期末考试的“患者”，供医学生学习实践，以此表达对救治她的医院的感激之情。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她惊讶地看着我。A. surprised惊讶的；B. annoyed生气的；C. pleased高兴的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Why would you do something like this”可知，作者问那位女士为什么要那么做，那个女士惊讶地看着作者。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我的意思是，我非常感激，”我补充说，“但有几十个医学院学生围着你，这可不好。”A. helping帮助；B. detecting检测；C. monitoring监控；D. surrounding包围。根据上文“having dozens of medical students”和下文“This hospital saved my life”可知，那儿是医院，医学生围着女士。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欠他们的。A. adore喜欢；B. owe欠；C. praise表扬；D. treasure珍爱。根据上文“It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life”可知，医院救了那位女士的命，女士认为她欠他们的。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：15年前，她被告知患有乳腺癌。A. persuaded说服；B. suspected怀疑；C. informed告知；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“breast cancer”可知，那位女士被告知得了乳腺癌。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：肿瘤被切除，然后她接受了治疗。A. surgery手术；B. encouragement鼓励；C. advice建议；D. treatment治疗。根据上文“The tumor (肿瘤) was removed, and then she received”可知，在切除了肿瘤后，她接受了治疗。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年后，癌症复发，她接受了切除乳房的手术。A. remained保持；B. returned重新出现；C. responded回答；D. recovered恢复。根据下文“she underwent an operation to remove a breast”可知，七年后她的癌症又复发了，也就是重新出现了。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难想象一个遭受过如此多痛苦的人，竟会自愿甘愿忍受当众裸露身体的羞耻。A. subject使遭受；B. attach粘贴；C. apply应用；D. devote献身。根据下文“themselves to the shame for baring her body to others”可知，她把身体暴露给别人看，因此此处是指“自愿接受羞耻”，subject oneself to意为“自愿接受”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她只是想通过去给医学院的期末考试当“患者”，而且不求任何回报来回报那些医务人员。A. arranging安排；B. pretending假装；C. volunteering自愿；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文“willingly”可知，她自愿去当“患者”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想起来，我意识到我的训练是多么地依赖于这些无私的人。A. Looking back回想起来；B. Holding on等待；C. Turning around转身；D. Setting out出发。根据下文“I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people”可知，作者回想过去时意识到自己的训练是多么地依赖于这些无私的人。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一位成功的医生背后都有一群英雄——那些捐出遗体供解剖的人，那些允许学生检查遗体的人，以及那些分享自己经历的人。A. nurses护士；B. heroes英雄；C. assistants助手；D. citizens市民。根据下文“those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them”可知，那些捐出遗体供解剖的人，那些允许学生检查遗体的人都是英雄，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一位成功的医生背后都有一群英雄——那些捐出遗体供解剖的人，那些允许学生检查遗体的人，以及那些分享自己经历的人。A. experiences经历；B. adventures冒险；C. discoveries发现；D. responsibilities责任。根据下文“What they went through”可知，此处是指那些分享自己经历的人。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们所经历的往往很累或不舒服，但他们很少得到认可。A. confirmation确认；B. payment支付；C. recognition认可；D. approval批准。根据最后一段“Their contributions are rarely acknowledged”可知，那些人是无名英雄，他们的经历没有得到广泛的正式的认可。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些无名英雄使医学教育成为可能。A. identical同一的；B. precious宝贵的；C. special特别的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“Behind every successful doctor stand a number of heroes—those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them”可知，那些无名英雄让医学生解剖自己的遗体，他们使医学教育成为可能。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有他们，年轻的医生无法提高他们的技能。A. show展示；B. prove证明；C. enhance提高；D. employ聘请。根据上文“These unsung heroes make medical education possible”可知，那些无名英雄使得医学教育成为可能，没有那些无名英雄的话，年轻的医生无法提高他们的技能。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然医生可能会帮助人们，但如果人们不先帮助他们，他们就无法做到这一点。A. attempt企图；B. mood情绪；C. mission使命；D. position观点，立场。根据下文“if people hadn’t helped them first”可知，如果人们不先帮医生，医生就不能帮助人，in a position to do是固定短语，意为“能够做（通常指通过一定经验）”。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On a warm mid-April afternoon, the pastel-colored castle of Pop Mart’s Pop Land rose like a “magic kingdom” in Beijing’s Chaoyang Park. Inside, a group of young British visitors laughed, took photos, ____36____ discovered the stories behind the vinyl figures they had long collected back home. Invited were all student union representatives from multiple UK universities, including the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, Imperial College London, the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the University of Leeds, ____37____ came to Chaoyang district to experience Chinese culture, explore cutting-edge technology and build ____38____ (bridge) of understanding. “I had no idea that all these different characters were under Pop Mart,” said Maximilian Camara from the University of Leeds. He ____39____ (buy) a Crybaby blind box at a London mall, only ____40____ (discover) later that the quirky (古怪的) figurine had taken British social media ____41____ storm. “The process of opening the box is full of fun and surprises,” he added. For Otitochukwu Molokwu, a graduate student from the London School of Economics and Political Science, the visit brought ____42____ unexpected delight. Leaving Pop Mart, Molokwu remained ____43____ (complete) immersed in the beauty of Chaoyang Park. “I didn’t know what to expect, but the nature here is ____44____ (stun),” she said. “The trees, the water — it really feels like being in a magical kingdom.” According to the trip’s organizers, the student delegation showed interest in Chaoyang as it ____45____ (be) home to nearly all of the foreign embassies in Beijing, 80 percent of international organizations, more than 60 percent of multinational regional headquarters, and half of the capital city’s international talent. 【答案】36. and 37. who 38. bridges 39. had bought 40. to discover 41. by 42. an 43. completely 44. stunning 45. is 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了英国多所知名高校的学生代表受邀来到北京朝阳区参观游玩，体验中国特色潮流文化，抒发内心游玩感触，同时介绍了朝阳区浓厚的国际化发展优势。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：在里面，一群年轻的英国游客欢声笑语、拍照留念，还探寻到了他们在家乡收藏已久的潮玩手办背后的故事。句中laughed、took photos、discovered为三个并列谓语动作，需用并列连词and连接。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：受邀前来的是来自多所英国高校的学生会代表，其中包括牛津大学、剑桥大学、伦敦帝国理工学院、伦敦政治经济学院以及利兹大学，他们来到朝阳区感受中国文化、探索前沿科技，并搭建起互通理解的桥梁。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词student union representatives，指代人，空格处在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。bridge为可数名词，此处表示多座交流桥梁，应用复数形式bridges。 【39题详解】 考查过去完成时。句意：他曾在伦敦一家商场购买过一个哭娃盲盒，后来才发现这个造型奇特的玩偶在英国社交媒体上迅速走红。购买盲盒的动作发生在过去动作“发现”之前，属于过去的过去，要用过去完成时had bought。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。only to do是固定用法，用动词discover“发现”的不定式形式to discover来表示出乎意料的结果。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。take...by storm为固定搭配，意为“风靡、迅速走红”。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对于Otitochukwu Molokwu，这位来自伦敦政治经济学院的研究生而言，此次游览带来了一份意外的欢喜。空后为单数可数名词，unexpected是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an表示泛指。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：离开泡泡玛特乐园后，Molokwu依旧沉醉在朝阳公园的秀丽风光之中。此处用来修饰形容词immersed，需要使用副词形式completely“完全地”。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她说：“我原本没有抱有太多期待，但这里的自然风光美得令人震撼。”be动词后接形容词作表语，修饰事物要用- ing形式的形容词stunning“令人震撼的”。 【45题详解】 考查一般现在时。句意：据此次出行的主办方介绍，学生代表团对朝阳区充满兴趣，因为这里坐落着北京几乎全部的外国大使馆、八成国际组织、超六成跨国地区总部以及半数京城国际人才。此处介绍朝阳区客观地理位置与资源优势，应用一般现在时，as引导的原因状语从句的主语it是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报正在开展“Make Our Campus More Beautiful”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．说明你发现的问题； 2．提出改进建议。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Make Our Campus More Beautiful ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Make Our Campus More Beautiful Recently, I have noticed that littering is a serious problem on our campus, with waste often scattered on the playground and in the corridors. This not only ruins the beautiful scenery but also has a negative impact on our learning environment. To address this, I suggest that more trash cans should be placed in public areas. Additionally, it is high time that we raised students’ awareness of environmental protection. Let’s take action immediately to make our campus a better place. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以“Make Our Campus More Beautiful”为题写一篇短文，陈述发现的问题以及改进建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 注意到：notice→spot 严重的：serious→severe 解决：address→solve 保护：protection→preservation 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：This not only ruins the beautiful scenery but also has a negative impact on our learning environment. 拓展句：Not only does this ruin the beautiful scenery, but it also has a negative impact on our learning environment. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, I have noticed that littering is a serious problem on our campus, with waste often scattered on the playground and in the corridors.(使用了that引导宾语从句、动名词作主语、with复合结构) 【高分句型2】Additionally, it is high time that we raised students’ awareness of environmental protection. (使用了it is high time that sb. did sth.句型) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex was already under a heavy burden, but fate suddenly took an unexpected turn. This man from Detroit was facing a financial problem and was planning to pawn (典当) his wedding ring. Just then, he met someone who seemed to be also in need of help. What happened next changed his life forever. On his way to American Jewelry and Loan, Alex noticed a man who seemed to be blind and struggling. “Excuse me, sir,” a voice called out weakly. “Could you help me stand up?” Alex looked down to see the man sitting on the kerb (路缘), dark sunglasses covering his eyes, appearing to struggle with mobility. Without hesitation, Alex extended his hand. “I’m more than glad to lend you my hand,” he said warmly, helping the stranger to his feet. “Thank you, brother,” said the man, adjusting his voice. “I hate to ask, but...could you spare some money? I haven’t eaten today.” Alex’s heart sank. He was about to pawn his most precious possession, yet faced with someone in even greater need. Alex hesitated for a moment. He knew he didn’t have much to spare, but looking at the man’s desperate situation, he couldn’t bring himself to say no. “I’ll have money after pawning my wedding ring. I’ll give you a few dollars,” he promised, even though his own stomach hurt with worry. The man’s expression transformed suddenly, his sunglasses coming off to reveal bright, grateful eyes. “My name is James,” he said, extending his hand. “I create content about kindness for social media. But more importantly, I’m going to help you.” Alex was shocked. He realized that James wasn’t blind at all. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before Alex could say anything, James explained to him what he was doing. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Alex opened the envelope hesitantly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Before Alex could say anything, James explained to him what he was doing. He had been filming a social experiment to encourage people’s kindness in difficult situations. Alex’s selfless act had deeply moved him. “Your act of kindness today has inspired me. I’ve seen a lot of people in need, but your willingness to help someone else, even when you were in such a difficult situation, is truly remarkable. I’m going to share your story,” said James. “And I’ve also prepared something for you.” He handed Alex an envelope, saying it contained a surprise. Alex stared at the envelope, stunned by the sudden twist. Alex opened the envelope hesitantly. Inside was a check for $10,000 and a note saying “Kindness deserves reward.” Tears welled up in his eyes as he read the words. “I... I don’t know what to say,” Alex stammered. James put a hand on Alex’s shoulder. “Just keep being the kind person you are. Your act has shown me that there is still so much good in this world.” From that day on, Alex’s life took a positive turn. He used the money to get back on his feet financially. He also started to volunteer in his community, paying forward the kindness he had received. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alex在打算典当婚戒时，遇到一个看似失明且需要帮助的男人James。Alex决定帮助他，结果发现James并非真的失明，而是在进行一项关于鼓励人们在困境中保持善良的社会实验。James被Alex的善良所感动，决定分享他的故事并给予Alex奖励，Alex的人生因此发生了积极的变化。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Alex还没来得及说什么，James就向他解释了自己在做什么。”可知，第一段可描写James向Alex解释自己正在进行的社会实验，以及Alex的行为如何感动了他，并决定给予Alex奖励。 ②由第二段首句内容“Alex犹豫地打开了信封。”可知，第二段可描写Alex打开信封后发现里面的支票和便条，以及他的反应和后续的生活变化。 2.续写线索：解释实验——感动——给予奖励——打开信封——发现支票——生活变化 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓励人们的友好：encourage people’s kindness/inspire people to be kind/promote kindness among people ②递给Alex 一封信：hand Alex an envelope/pass an envelope to Alex/present an envelope to Alex ③在经济上重新站稳脚跟：get back on his feet/recover financially/regain financial stability ④回馈：pay forward the kindness/repay the kindness/pass on the goodwill 情绪类 ①感动：move/touch ②动容：tears welled up in his eyes/he was moved to tears/he felt tears coming to his eyes 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ve seen a lot of people in need, but your willingness to help someone else, even when you were in such a difficult situation, is truly remarkable. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】He handed Alex an envelope, saying it contained a surprise. (运用了现在分词作状语和省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衡阳市八中2026年高三年级入学检测 英 语 试 题 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Combining bikes and trains is a great way to explore nature, which mixes the ease of train travel with the freedom of cycling, giving you a special experience. Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail It’s an 87-mile pathway from Cleveland to Bolivar in Northeast Ohio. The Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad (CVSR) stretches out separately along the trail from Akron to Thornburg Station, a 31-mile stretch which goes through Cuyahoga Valley National Park. The trail hugs the outline of the original Ohio and Erie Canal, passing many landmarks like bridges, museums and villages. Danube Cycle Path It’s a path which follows the Danube River for about 745 miles, from Donaueschingen, Germany to Budapest, Hungary. The path is the most popular in Austria featuring 245 scenic miles serviced by local and long-distance trains. Most cyclists choose to ride from west to east with the flow of the river to take advantage of the natural slope (斜坡) of bicycle traffic. Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail It extends for 25 miles through woodlands next to the Lehigh River. A historic tourist railway called the Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway follows the trail, allowing cyclists to enjoy a one-way ride instead of backtracking. The rail trail is mostly flat and passes through the Lehigh Gorge State Park. While the train operates most days, the bike service is only offered one weekend a month from May to November. Cinder Track It’s a 21-mile broken-stone pathway along the coast of Yorkshire, England. The towns of Scarborough and Whitby, where the trail begins and ends, both have train stations near the trail. The train journey is not a direct pathway between them. Actually, the tracks of the original direct pathway were removed to create the trail. Meanwhile, the trail hugs the Yorkshire coast, with views of seaside cliffs and fishing villages. 1. Which aspect makes the Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail special? A. It gives cyclists a view of the sea. B. It shares most of its trail with CVSR. C. It provides a chance to visit museums. D. It goes through many cities and villages. 2. What is the disadvantage of the Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail for cyclists? A. The extremely rough path. B. The large number of sharp slopes. C. The connection with a local railway. D. The limited availability of cycling service. 3. What do Danube Cycle Path and Cinder Track have in common? A. They provide natural scenic views. B. They are famous for their physical features. C. They have local and long-distance train services. D. They are popular for their historical significance. B Billions fewer birds are flying through North American skies than decades ago and their numbers are shrinking (减少) ever faster, mostly due to the combination of intensive agriculture and warming temperatures, a new study finds. Nearly half of the 261 species studied showed losses important enough to be statistically significant, and more than half of those in decline have seen losses accelerate (加快) since 1987, according to a study published on Feb. 26 in the journal Science. “Not only are we losing birds, we are losing them faster and faster from year to year,” said study coauthor Marta Jarzyna, an ecologist at Ohio State University. The only consolation (安慰) is that the birds shrinking fastest in numbers are species that aren’t yet at risk of going extinct, said study lead author Francois Leroy, also an Ohio State ecologist. Geography proved important when Leroy and Jarzyna looked for reasons why so many bird species are shrinking ever faster. When it came to population declines-not the acceleration-the scientists noticed bigger losses farther south. “In regions where temperatures increase the most, we are seeing strongest declines in populations,” Jarzyna said. “However, the acceleration of those declines is mostly driven by agricultural practices.” The scientists found statistical connections between accelerating decline and high fertilizer and pesticide use and the amount of cropland, Leroy said. He said they couldn’t say any of those caused the acceleration of losses, but it indicated agriculture in general is a factor. “The stronger the agriculture, the faster we will lose birds,” Leroy said. Jarzyna said there is a “strong interaction” between climate change and agriculture in their effect on bird populations. “We found that agricultural intensification causes stronger accelerations of decline in regions where climate warmed the most,” Jarzyna said. “The paper shows that people need to change the way they live to reduce human-caused warming, agricultural intensity and broad application of chemicals,” said Cornell University ornithologist Andrew Farnsworth, who wasn’t part of the study. 4. What do we know about the birds declining fastest? A. They are all migratory species. B. They are currently not endangered. C. They have poor adaptability. D. They face a severe food shortage. 5. What accelerates the bird population decline most? A. Natural disasters. B. Warm temperatures. C. Agricultural activities. D. Geographic locations. 6. How did the scientists carry out their research? A. By doing lab experiments. B. By turning to the locals. C. By conducting online surveys. D. By studying statistical links. 7. Why does the author write the text? A. To present some ways to protect birds. B. To report the decline of bird populations. C. To discuss bird migration patterns. D. To explain the necessity of agricultural reform. C Cognitive (认知的) offloading, the act of delegating mental work to external tools, should concern anyone who values their own intelligence. When given the choice between thinking through a problem or letting technology handle it, will we choose the tool, even when we’re perfectly capable of succeeding on our own? Sam Gilbert noticed in his experiments something he calls “reminder bias.” This is the tendency to use external memory aids even when your own memory would serve you better. Participants chose to set digital reminders for tasks they could easily remember unaided. Even when offered money to encourage people to rely on their own memory, they still couldn’t overcome it. The root reason seems to be that people underestimate their own cognitive abilities. They think they’ll forget, so they set a reminder. They think they can’t solve the problem, so they ask AI. Over time, by consistently choosing the external tool, they never exercise the internal capability. If the problem were limited to memory, it might not matter much. After all, what’s the problem with setting a reminder on your phone? But research suggests the cognitive costs extend far beyond remembering appointments. Nathaniel Barr claimed that individuals who score lower on the Cognitive Reflection Test show greater smartphone dependence when obtaining information. These are people who, when faced with a problem, instinctively (本能地) reach for the quickest solution. AI hasn’t created this tendency. Humans have often preferred mental shortcuts. But AI has removed nearly all difficulties. You don’t have to go to a library or even type a search question. You just ask, and the answer appears, exactly as you need it. My concern is that people may begin using AI in ways that prevent the development of analytical skills. For a college student who consistently uses AI to work through problems, I question whether they’re building the neural infrastructure (神经基础结构) to handle similar problems independently later in life. 8. What does the underlined word “delegating” most probably mean? A. Assigning. B. Comparing. C. Applying. D. Linking. 9. Why did participants in Gilbert’s experiment set unnecessary digital reminders? A. They lacked confidence in their own memory. B. They were not offered enough money. C. They were poor in cognitive abilities. D. They never exercised their internal capability. 10. The author mentions the Cognitive Reflection Test to show ______. A. people rely too much on smartphones B. AI works better than human memory C. reminder bias causes harm to more than just memory D. smartphones are the quickest solution to many problems 11. What is the best title of the article? A. Cognitive Offloading: The Cause of AI Reliance B. How External Aids Like AI Enhance Reminder Bias C. External Tools or Internal Tool,Which Causes More Harm D. Over-reliance on External AI Tools May Weaken Cognitive Abilities D Researchers from Google have built a new weather prediction model that combines machine learning with conventional techniques, potentially yielding more accurate forecasts. The model, called NeuralGCM and described in a paper in Nature today, bridges a divide that’s grown among weather prediction experts in the last several years. The conventional models, which have dominated weather prediction for the last 50 years, use complex equations (方程) to model changes in the atmosphere and give forecasts, but they are extremely slow and expensive to run. Experts are divided on which tool will be most reliable going forward. But the new model from Google instead attempts to combine the two. “It’s not sort of physics vs. AI. It’s really physics and AI together, ” says Stephan Hoyer, an AI researcher at Google Research and a co-author of the paper. “NeuralGCM shows that when we combine AI with the conventional physics-based models, we can dramatically improve the accuracy and speed of atmospheric climate simulations (模拟),” said Stephan Hoyer. The paper said NeuralGCM proved faster, more accurate and used less computing power in tests against a traditional forecasting model based on atmospheric physics tools called X-SHiELD. In one test, NeuralGCM identified almost the same number of tropical storms as conventional extreme weather trackers did, and twice the number of X-SHiELD. In another test based on temperature and humidity (湿度) levels during 2020, the error rate was between 15 and 50 percent less. Peter Dueben, another co-author of the latest paper, said AI-only models were “often viewed dubiously” by experts because they were not based on mathematical equations devised (设计) from physics. However, the combination of the physics-based model with the deep learning model “seems to get the best of both worlds”, he said, adding that the approach was a “big step towards climate modelling with machine learning”. “The appetite is there for AI, ” Peter says. “But I think a lot of people still are waiting to see what happens. ” 12. According to the passage, NeuralGCM is helpful in ________. A. broadcasting weather forecast B. preventing further climate changes C. bridging the gap between researchers D. building accurate climate models 13. What does the author want to do by mentioning the two tests? A. To analyze NeuralGCM’s working process. B. To highlight the efficiency of NeuralGCM. C. To compare NeuralGCM with other models. D. To reveal problems of conventional trackers. 14. What does the underlined word “dubiously” mean in paragraph 5? A. Skeptically. B. Strictly. C. Precisely. D. Curiously. 15. What’s Peter Dueben’s attitude to the deep learning model? A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Anxious. D. Uncertain. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the realm of organizational psychology, the focus has often been on the relationship between employees and their managers. We routinely ask questions like, “Is the boss fair?” and “Does the supervisor listen?” ___16___ As modern workplaces evolve to become flatter and more collaborative, a new form of fairness is emerging as a critical driver of success: peer justice. ___17___ Peer justice refers to the perceived fairness of the treatment that employees receive from their coworkers, rather than from formal authorities. While traditional organizational justice focuses on supervisors and hierarchical relationships, peer justice emphasizes the horizontal connections that shape our daily work experiences. Peer justice manifests in several key dimensions. ___18___ Research indicates that peer justice is highly dynamic; it is not a static “vibe” but fluctuates based on daily interactions. In fact, one study found that about 70% of the variance in peer justice perceptions occurs within the same individual from day to day . You might assume that as long as the boss is fair, the team will thrive. ___19___ Peer justice has a unique impact on performance that even the best manager cannot replicate. When peer justice is lacking, the consequences can be detrimental to an organization. ___20___ Creating a culture of peer fairness requires more than just policies; it necessitates a fundamental shift in leadership and team dynamics. The fairness that exists between peers may be the most crucial factor in your organization’s success. A. This emphasizes the importance of cultivating a positive workplace environment where fairness is consistently practiced. B. However, this focus on the boss-employee relationship is no longer sufficient. C. So what exactly is peer justice, and why does it matter for modern workplaces? D. These include respect, equal support, and fair distribution of work among teammates. E. Yet peer justice is often overlooked when evaluating team performance and organizational health. F. However, peer justice plays a more important role in team success than many people realize. G. How can organizations foster peer justice to unlock their teams’ full potential? 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Why would you do something like this?” I asked as the woman put her blouse back on. She looked at me, ____21____. “I mean, I’m very grateful,” I added, “But it can’t be nice having dozens of medical students ____22____ you.” She shook her head and replied peacefully, “It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life. I ____23____ them.” I looked at her medical history in my notebook. Fifteen years ago, she was ____24____ of breast cancer. The tumor (肿瘤) was removed, and then she received ____25____. Seven years later, the cancer ____26____, and she underwent an operation to remove a breast. It was hard to imagine that someone suffering so much would willingly ____27____ themselves to the shame for baring her body to others. Yet she just wanted to repay the staff by ____28____ to be a patient for medical school finals, without expecting anything in return. ____29____, I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people. Behind every successful doctor stand a number of ____30____ — those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them, and those who share their ____31____. What they went through is often tiring or uncomfortable, yet they receive little ____32____. These unsung heroes make medical education ____33____. Their contributions are rarely acknowledged. However, without them, young doctors couldn’t ____34____ their skills. While doctors might help people, they wouldn’t be in a(n) ____35____ to do so if people hadn’t helped them first. 21. A. surprised B. annoyed C. pleased D. disappointed 22. A. helping B. detecting C. monitoring D. surrounding 23. A. adore B. owe C. praise D. treasure 24. A. persuaded B. suspected C. informed D. reminded 25. A. surgery B. encouragement C. advice D. treatment 26. A. remained B. returned C. responded D. recovered 27. A. subject B. attach C. apply D. devote 28. A. arranging B. pretending C. volunteering D. struggling 29. A. Looking back B. Holding on C. Turning around D. Setting out 30. A. nurses B. heroes C. assistants D. citizens 31. A. experiences B. adventures C. discoveries D. responsibilities 32. A. confirmation B. payment C. recognition D. approval 33. A. identical B. precious C. special D. possible 34. A. show B. prove C. enhance D. employ 35. A. attempt B. mood C. mission D. position 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On a warm mid-April afternoon, the pastel-colored castle of Pop Mart’s Pop Land rose like a “magic kingdom” in Beijing’s Chaoyang Park. Inside, a group of young British visitors laughed, took photos, ____36____ discovered the stories behind the vinyl figures they had long collected back home. Invited were all student union representatives from multiple UK universities, including the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, Imperial College London, the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the University of Leeds, ____37____ came to Chaoyang district to experience Chinese culture, explore cutting-edge technology and build ____38____ (bridge) of understanding. “I had no idea that all these different characters were under Pop Mart,” said Maximilian Camara from the University of Leeds. He ____39____ (buy) a Crybaby blind box at a London mall, only ____40____ (discover) later that the quirky (古怪的) figurine had taken British social media ____41____ storm. “The process of opening the box is full of fun and surprises,” he added. For Otitochukwu Molokwu, a graduate student from the London School of Economics and Political Science, the visit brought ____42____ unexpected delight. Leaving Pop Mart, Molokwu remained ____43____ (complete) immersed in the beauty of Chaoyang Park. “I didn’t know what to expect, but the nature here is ____44____ (stun),” she said. “The trees, the water — it really feels like being in a magical kingdom.” According to the trip’s organizers, the student delegation showed interest in Chaoyang as it ____45____ (be) home to nearly all of the foreign embassies in Beijing, 80 percent of international organizations, more than 60 percent of multinational regional headquarters, and half of the capital city’s international talent. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报正在开展“Make Our Campus More Beautiful”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．说明你发现的问题； 2．提出改进建议。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Make Our Campus More Beautiful ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex was already under a heavy burden, but fate suddenly took an unexpected turn. This man from Detroit was facing a financial problem and was planning to pawn (典当) his wedding ring. Just then, he met someone who seemed to be also in need of help. What happened next changed his life forever. On his way to American Jewelry and Loan, Alex noticed a man who seemed to be blind and struggling. “Excuse me, sir,” a voice called out weakly. “Could you help me stand up?” Alex looked down to see the man sitting on the kerb (路缘), dark sunglasses covering his eyes, appearing to struggle with mobility. Without hesitation, Alex extended his hand. “I’m more than glad to lend you my hand,” he said warmly, helping the stranger to his feet. “Thank you, brother,” said the man, adjusting his voice. “I hate to ask, but...could you spare some money? I haven’t eaten today.” Alex’s heart sank. He was about to pawn his most precious possession, yet faced with someone in even greater need. Alex hesitated for a moment. He knew he didn’t have much to spare, but looking at the man’s desperate situation, he couldn’t bring himself to say no. “I’ll have money after pawning my wedding ring. I’ll give you a few dollars,” he promised, even though his own stomach hurt with worry. The man’s expression transformed suddenly, his sunglasses coming off to reveal bright, grateful eyes. “My name is James,” he said, extending his hand. “I create content about kindness for social media. But more importantly, I’m going to help you.” Alex was shocked. He realized that James wasn’t blind at all. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before Alex could say anything, James explained to him what he was doing. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Alex opened the envelope hesitantly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $