Unit 4 Then and now 让步状语从句（核心语法精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语让步状语从句与used to do句型，构建"概念解析-用法对比-易错规避"三维方法体系，通过典例分层训练提升语言应用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |让步状语从句|选择16题+完成句子4题+语篇填空等|提炼"引导词分类法"（though/although等6类）、"时态匹配规则"（主从现/主过从过/主将从现）、"逻辑关系判定法"（对比/意外/假设）|从"让步"本质概念切入，通过表格对比引导词差异，结合场景化例句推导用法规则，以易错警示（如与but连用错误）强化理解| |used to do句型|选择23题+句型转换等|首创"三结构辨析表"（used to do/be used to doing/be used to do）、"否定疑问句式速记法"|以"过去vs现在"对比为核心，从基本结构延伸至易混辨析，通过对比例句构建"概念-结构-差异"逻辑链，突出与一般过去时的区分|

Unit 4 Then and now核心语法精练 （让步状语从句） A.课本语法Adverbial clauses of concession 让步状语从句 Adverbial clause 状语从句 Main clause 主句 Although/Though this pocket watch looks old, it works well. Main clause 主句 Adverbial clause 状语从句 This pocket watch works well although/though it looks old. An adverbial clause of concession comes either before or after the main clause.In general, use a comma (,) when an adverbial clause begins the sentence.让步状语从句出现在主句前或主句后。让步状语从句出现在句首时，通常用逗号 (,) 将其与主句隔开。 1.We use although and though to connect sentences together. although和though可用于将两个句子合并成一句。 e.g. She spends a lot on stamps. She does not have much money. → She spends a lot on stamps although/though she does not have much money. → Although/Though she does not have much money, she spends a lot on stamps. 2.We use although and though to show contrasting ideas. although和though可用于表达对立的意思。 e.g. Though the robot cleaner is quite useful, it makes a lot of noise. 尽管这款扫地机器人相当实用，但是它噪音很大。 The dictionary is heavy to carry around although it is easy to read. 这本词典读起来很方便，可是随身携带很沉。 3.We use although and though to show something unexpected. although和though可用于表达出乎意料的情况。 e.g. This pocket watch still works well though it looks very old. 这块怀表看起来十分老旧，却依旧走时精准。 Although he said he no longer needed the old watch, he took it with him everywhere. 虽然他说不再需要这块旧手表了，可他走到哪里都带着它。 ⚠️易错提醒 although/though不能和but连用，二者只能保留其一。 ✅ Although it rains,we will go out. ❌ Although it rains,but we will go out. B.语法要点：让步状语从句 什么是“让步”？ “让步”的核心是“退一步承认/接受某个事实或情况，但这不影响主句表达的核心观点或结果”；“虽然/即使有A情况，但还是有B结果”，A 就是“让步”的内容——先认可一个可能与主句相反、或会阻碍主句发生的条件，再强调主句的情况依然成立。 Though he is young（让步：承认 “年轻” 这个可能被认为 “经验不足” 的情况）， he works very well（主句：但 “工作好” 的结果不受影响）. 场景1：朋友约你出门，你说“即使我作业没写完（先承认‘作业没写完’这个阻碍），我也会陪你去（但主句的‘陪你去’依然成立） ”。这里 “作业没写完”就是让步内容，先接受这个可能冲突的条件，再强调最终决定。 场景2：评价一部电影，你说“虽然这部电影特效一般（先承认‘特效差’的缺点），但剧情特别精彩（主句的‘剧情好’才是重点） ”。“特效一般”是让步，先不回避不足，再突出核心优点。 如何判断让步状语从句？ ①是否有表“让步逻辑”的引导词。 although、though、even if、even though、“疑问词+ever”等。 ②从句与主句是否存在“退一步承认条件，却不影响主句结果”的关系。 看逻辑：从句是否是“退一步承认的条件（可能阻碍主句）”，但主句结果是否依然成立。 【让步状语从句】 让步状语从句主要用于表达“虽然、尽管、即使”等转折含义，即主句的情况与从句的情况相反或存在对比。 ⭐让步状语从句不能与but连用，但可与yet、still连用。 正确✔：Although he is tired, he still keeps working. 或者 He is tired, but he still keeps working. 错误❌：Although he is tired, but he still keeps working. 1.although和though引导的让步状语从句 · although引导的从句不倒装。 · though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。 Smart though/as she is,she doesn't study hard. 虽然她很聪明/但她并不努力学习。 Although/Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。 He is unhappy,though/although he has a lot of money.虽然他很有钱，但他并不幸福。 He said he would come,he didn't,though.他说他会来，可是没有来。 2.even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 · even if侧重“假设的情况”（不一定真实发生）。 · even though侧重“真实存在的情况”。 Even if I have enough money, I won’t buy it. 即使我有足够的钱，我也不会买。(假设“有钱”，不一定真的有) Even though I have enough money, I won’t buy it. 即使我有足够的钱，我也不会买。(事实是“有钱”，但还是不买) Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't get much exercise.蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。 Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we'll go there. 即使明天下雨，我们也要去那里。 3.“疑问词+ever” 引导的让步状语从句 · wherever或 (what, who, whom, when, which, how) + ever，表示 “无论……”。 · no matter + where或(what, who, whom, when, which, how)，表示 “无论……”。 However/No matter how hard you try,it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量,减肥很难。 Whatever(＝No matter what) you say, he won't believe you.无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。 Whoever you are (＝No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，都要遵守规则。 【注意】whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句。 4.while引导的让步状语从句（表转折对比） while引导让步状语从句时，不用倒装，语气较委婉，只能置于句首，强调主句与从句内容的对比。 While I understand your opinion, I can’t agree with you. 尽管我理解你的观点，但我不能同意。 While he is rich, he is not happy. 尽管他富有，却不快乐。 While she likes music, her brother prefers sports. 尽管她喜欢音乐，她弟弟却更喜欢运动。 5.whether...or...引导的让步状语从句 whether...or... “不论是否…”，“无论…还是…” 提供两种对比情况。旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。 All people,whether they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。 Whether she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged. 不管是她来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都不会变。 You have to finish the work whether you like it or not. 不管你喜不喜欢，你都得完成这项工作 6.as引导的让步状语从句 · as引导让步状语从句时，必须用倒装语序，将从句的表语、状语或谓语动词原形放在句首。若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。though 也可用于这种结构，但 although 不可以。 Child as/though he is, he can tell the names of all the cars.尽管他是孩子，但他能辨认出所有车的名字。 Much as/though I like it, I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.虽然我很喜欢它，但不会买，因为它太贵了。 Young as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他年轻，却懂得很多。(表语提前) Child as she was, she could speak English fluently. 尽管她是个孩子，却能流利地说英语。(名词提前时，不带冠词) Hard as he worked, he failed the exam. 尽管他努力学习，还是没通过考试。(状语提前) Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door. 尽管他尽力了，还是打不开门。(谓语动词原形提前) · 时态相关易错点及注意点 1. 主从句均为 “一般现在时”—— 描述客观事实/习惯性动作 当从句是客观真理、常态情况，或主句是习惯性动作时，主从句都用一般现在时，体现 “时间同步”。 Though the earth is round（客观事实，一般现在时）, some people used to think it was flat（过去认知，一般过去时）. Even if he has no time（常态情况，一般现在时）, he always helps me（习惯性动作，一般现在时）. 2. 主从句均为 “一般过去时”—— 描述过去发生的事 当主从句的动作都发生在过去，且存在 “让步关系” 时，均用一般过去时，体现 “时间一致”。 Although it rained heavily（过去动作，一般过去时）, we walked to the station（过去动作，一般过去时）. Even though she was tired（过去状态，一般过去时）, she finished her homework（过去动作，一般过去时）. 3. 主句 “一般将来时”，从句 “一般现在时”—— 描述未来的大概率情况 “用一般现在时表未来”（表 “确定会发生或大概率发生的让步条件”），而非强制规则。 No matter how late he is（未来情况，用一般现在时表未来）, we will wait for him（未来动作，一般将来时）. Though she will come tomorrow（若强调 “未来的不确定性”，从句也可用一般将来时，不影响语法正确性）, I won’t change my plan. 注意不要和 “条件句” 混淆，无需严格遵守 “主将从现”，若从句想突出 “未来的具体时间或不确定性”，用一般将来时也可（如 “Though it will snow tomorrow, we will go skiing”），关键是 “时间逻辑通顺”。 · 与其他从句混淆的易错点及注意点 与状语从句混淆： 让步状语从句和原因状语从句、条件状语从句在语义上容易混淆。 比如， although 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管”；because 引导原因状语从句，表示 “因为”；if 引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”。 正确✔：Although he is poor, he is happy. 错误❌：Because he is poor, he is happy.（想表达 “尽管穷但快乐”，用词不当） 与并列句混淆： 让步状语从句与用 but 连接的并列句容易混淆。虽然二者都有转折含义，但结构不同，让步状语从句是主从复合句，有引导词引导从句；并列句是由并列连词连接两个独立的句子 。 正确✔：Although he studied hard, he didn't pass the exam. 或 He studied hard, but he didn't pass the exam. 错误❌：Although he studied hard, but he didn't pass the exam.（结构混乱） I. Choose the best answer. 1.________ the digital library provides millions of e-books, some readers still prefer to read paper books. A. However B. Therefore C. Though D. Besides 2.Robot carers are more useful in our daily life ________ it has some disadvantages. A. unless B. if C. because D. although 3.No matter ________ hard the task is, Emily always manages to complete it on time. A. what B. where C. when D. how 4.She tries to take detailed notes in class ________ she may better understand the difficult points after class. A. because B. so C. if D. although 5.____ he's old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 6.— How do you like the concert given by the "Foxy Ladies"?— Exciting, ____ one piece of the music wasn't played quite well. A. so B. though C. because D. and 7.— Shall we go on working?— Yes, ____ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though 8.Doctor Li went to see the patient ____ it was raining heavily. A. because B. and C. since D. though 9.— This dress was last year's style.— I think it still looks perfect ____ it has gone out this year. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since 10.No matter ____ busy he is, he won't give up his hobby. A. where B. how C. what D. who 11.I never seem to lose any weight, ____ hard I try. A. even though B. no matter how C. as if D. ever since 12.No matter ____ you come, you are welcome. A. how B. where C. when D. what 13.Though it's raining, ____ are still working in the fields. A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they 14.Nobody believed him ____ what he said. A. even though B. in spite C. no matter D. contrary to 15.____what may happen, I won't change my mind. A. Even if B. Although C. Perhaps D. No matter 16. Peter had a fever. He got good grades in the exam.（用although合并为一句） ___________________________________________________________________ 17. easy to read, to carry around, too heavy, it’s, this dictionary, is, although (连词成句) _____________________________________________________________. II.Complete the following sentences according to the Chinese meaning(根据中文意思完成下列句子) 1.虽然当时正下着雨,但他仍然到那里去了。 2.虽然下着雪,但并不是很冷。 3.虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作。 4. 虽然我的叔叔老了,但他看上去还是很健壮。 核心语法used to do句型 一、核心概念 used to do 表示过去经常做某事或存在某种状态，但现在不再如此了。它强调过去vs现在的对比。 核心含义： “过去常常……（但现在不了）” 示例： I used to get up late, but now I get up early.（我过去常常晚起，但现在早起。） There used to be a park here.（这里过去有一个公园。） 二、基本结构 1.肯定句 结构： 主语+used to+动词原形 I used to play basketball after school.（我过去放学后常常打篮球。）→ 现在不打了 He used to be very shy.（他过去很害羞。）→ 现在不害羞了 There used to be a cinema near here.（这里过去有一家电影院。）→ 现在没有了 2.否定句 两种形式： 主语+didn't use to+动词原形（更常见，口语） 主语+used not to+动词原形（较正式，书面） 例句： I didn't use to like coffee, but now I do.（我过去不喜欢咖啡，但现在喜欢了。） She used not to eat vegetables.（她过去不吃蔬菜。）→现在吃了 3.疑问句 两种形式： Did+主语+use to+动词原形？（更常见） Used+主语+to+动词原形？（较正式，英式英语） 例句： Did you use to have long hair?（你过去留长发吗？） Used he to live in Shanghai?（他过去住在上海吗？） 4.简短回答 Did you use to swim every day? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. Used she to play the piano? Yes, she used to. / No, she used not to. 三、三种易混结构辨析（重中之重！） 结构 含义 用法 例句 used to do 过去常常做（现在不做了） to是不定式符号，后接动词原形 I used to get up late. be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事 to是介词，后接动名词 I am used to getting up early. be used to do 被用来做某事 被动语态，后接动词原形 Wood is used to make paper. 详细辨析 1. used to do（过去常常）:表示过去的习惯或状态，强调与现在的对比;只能用于过去时;后接动词原形 中文：“过去常常……” 2. be/get used to doing（习惯于）:表示习惯于某事;to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词;可用于各种时态 中文：“习惯于……” 对比例句： I used to live in the countryside.（我过去住在农村。）→ 现在不住了 I am used to living in the city.（我习惯了城市生活。）→ 现在习惯 3. be used to do（被用来）:表示被用来做某事;是被动语态;to后接动词原形。中文：“被用来……” 例句：This knife is used to cut bread.（这把刀被用来切面包。） 四、used to的使用要点 1.只用于过去，不用于现在 ❌ I use to go swimming. ✅ I used to go swimming.（过去常常） ✅ I usually go swimming.（现在常常） 2.可与频度副词连用 I often used to visit my grandparents.（我过去经常看望祖父母。） He always used to be the first to arrive.（他总是第一个到。） 3.可与过去时间状语连用 I used to play tennis when I was in middle school.（我中学时常常打网球。） There used to be a river here ten years ago.（十年前这里有条河。） 4.描述过去状态 不仅可以表示动作，还可以表示状态 She used to be thin.（她过去很瘦。） People used to think the earth was flat.（人们过去认为地球是平的。） 五、与一般过去时的区别 区别点 used to do 一般过去时 强调重点 强调过去的习惯或状态，且与现在对比 只陈述过去事实 时间状语 常与频度副词连用 可与具体时间连用 隐含对比 强烈暗示“现在不了” 无此暗示 描述状态 常描述过去的状态 多描述过去的动作 对比例句： I used to smoke.（我过去吸烟。）→ 暗示现在不吸了 I smoked a cigarette yesterday.（我昨天吸了支烟。）→ 只陈述事实 He used to live in Beijing.（他过去住在北京。）→ 现在不住了 He lived in Beijing for two years.（他在北京住了两年。）→ 可能现在还住 I. Choose the best answer. 1.He __________ in a small village where everyone knows each other now. A. used to live B. used to living C. used to lived D. is used to living 2.The man ________ a lot but he has given up smoking because of his health problems. A. used to smoking B. is used to smoke C. used to smoke D. is used to smoking 3.In the past, people usually wrote letters to communicate with each other.（保持句意基本不变） People ______ ______ write letters to communicate with each other. 4.They ________ walk to school because they took the school bus. A．didn’t use to B．used to C．don’t use to D．use to 5.My grandpa ________ Beijing Opera, but now he likes painting. A．used to like B．is used to like C．used to liking D．is used to liking 6.My grandma ________ live in the countryside, but now she lives in the city. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．use to 7.Yang Lin ________ do morning exercises, but now he ________ doing Chinese kung fu. A．is used to; used to B．used to; is used to C．used to; is used for D．used to; used to 8.My grandma used to ________ stories to me before I went to bed. A．tell B．tells C．told D．telling 9.My mother ________ walk to school in the past. A．use to B．used to C．uses to D．will use to 10.Dinna used to ________ to work, but now she is used to ________. Because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A．drive; walking B．drive; walk C．driving; walk D．driving; walking 11.Sandy ________ a bike to school, but now she ________ to school. A．used to riding, is used to walking B．used to ride, is used to walking C．used to ride, is used to walk D．used to riding, is used to walk 12.He ________ stay up late to read science books when he was 12. A．used to B．didn’t used to C．use to D．uses to 13.Lily used to ________ shy, but now she is outgoing. A．be B．being C．was D．is 14.Lily used to ________ very late. But now she gets up very early. A．get up B．gets up C．getting up D．to getting up 15.My father used to ________ to work, but now he is used to ________ to work on foot. A．driving, going B．drive, go C．drive, going D．driving, go 16.Jenny used to ________ afraid of the dark, but now she has got used to ________ alone. A．be; sleep B．being; sleeping C．be; sleeping D．being; sleep 17.Sue used to ________ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to ________ out for a walk. A．watch, go B．watching, go C．watching, going D．watch, going 18.We used to ________ a lot of time on the way to different places of interest, but now many people have got used to ________ online, which is known as “cloud tourism” (云旅游). A．spend, traveling B．spending, traveling C．spend, travel 19.—What do you do when you are free?—I ________ watch car races, but now I enjoy ________ with my band. A．used to; playing B．didn’t use to; playing C．use to; play D．used to; to play 20.—When did you begin to like cars?—________ I was a child, I ________ love playing with toy cars. A．When; used to B．Before; use to C．After; didn’t use to D．As; used to not 21.Tom used to ________up late, but now he gets used to ________up early. A．get; get B．getting; get C．getting; getting D．get; getting 22.The young man ________ to be a famous singer, but he gave it up because of a throat disease. A．was used B．used C．was using D．used to want 23.Mary used to ________ in the countryside, but now she is used to ________ in the city. A．live；live B．live； living C．living； living D．living； live 1.Choose the best answer （选出最恰当的答案） In recent years, an increasing number of people have started learning computer programming. Children as ___1___ as six are being signed up for coding classes. Are they too young ___2___ programming? We interviewed three parents. Let’s see what they think. Tim Taylor In my opinion, schools and parents ___3___ introduce coding to kids. Those that have done so are missing several important points. Bill Gates and Marissa Mayer didn’t rise to the top of their field by coding; they did so ___4___ they were able to think creatively. ___5___ technology has greatly developed over the years, raising children hasn’t changed much. Children grow up to be successful when they have parents who teach ___6___ important values, attitudes and life skills. Kids shouldn’t spend all of their time in front of a screen. They should spend more time with their parents and friends. Edward Levinson Through learning how to code, children develop “computational thinking.” Programming is ___7___ useful skill, and computational thinking is an important ability. Those who can properly make use of the power of the computer have an advantage over those who can’t. Computer science is the future. ___8___, I believe that in the 21st century, every kid should learn to program. Christa Mattison I think kids should be introduced to computer science. However, ___9___ they learn to code, they should first learn ethics (道德准则). Kids must realize how a single program can cause serious damage on the internet within minutes. _____10_____ they understand the results of what they do, it’s meaningless to teach them to code. 1. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 2. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 3. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 4. A. because B. though C. while D. if 5. A. When B. Although C. Since D. Now that 6. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them 7. A. a B. an C. the D. / 8. A. In addition B. Therefore C. Similarly D. For example 9. A. after B. before C. until D. as soon as 10. A. Though B. If C. Unless D. Because 2.Read and complete the conversation (根据对话内容完成句子。) Harry and his grandma are choosing items to sell at the car boot sale. Harry: What are these little squares? Grandma: They are my cassette tapes. ___23___? (用一般疑问句进行提问) Harry: No, I haven’t. What does it do? Grandma: It plays music, but my cassette player ___24___, so we can’t use it. Harry: ___25___! (给出表达遗憾的句式) Harry: How about this pocket watch? It looks old,so maybe we can sell it. Grandma: ___26___ (用让步状语从句完成句子), it works well. Let’s keep it. Harry: OK. Look,I find… 3.Rewrite the following sentences as required. （根据所给要求，改写下列句子） Harry: Look at this pocket watch, Great-grandma! It’s very old. Great-grandma: Yes! ____19____ your great-grandfather (用belong完成句子) And you know what? It still works well. Harry: ____20____ (表达惊讶) Something so old still works! Great-grandma: It does. We used to wind (给钟表上发条) it to keep the time right. Harry: You wind it? ____21____ (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: There’s a small knob (旋钮) here. You turn it gently until you feel a little resistance (阻力). Harry: ____22____ (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: I need to wind it almost every day! Harry: What should we do with it? Sell it or keep it? Great-grandma: I’m not sure. The pocket watch is old, but it still works perfectly. Harry: I think we should keep it. ____23____ (用含有although引导的让步状语从句对划线句保持句意不变) Great-grandma: You’re right. Let’s keep it. It reminds me of him. Harry: Great! Maybe one day I’ll learn how to wind it too. 完成句子 1．You should keep on following your heart no matter what difficulties you may meet.（改为同义句） You should keep on following your heart you may meet. 2．—Will they have the party today? —I’m afraid not. Maybe half the class won’t come. (句型转化) = they have the party today, half the class won’t come. 3．They are poor but they are happy. (同义句转换) they are poor, they are happy. 4．Whenever you come back, I shall go to meet you at the station. (改为同义句) you come back, I shall go to meet you at the station. 5．虽然她擅长画画，但有时会犯错误。 she is good drawing, she sometimes . 6．Living conditions were unpleasant in the past. Many people moved to cities.（用 although 合并） 7．he, was, ran, Danny, as fast as possible, very tired, though (连词成句) . 8．very; he; although; is; 65; over; is; fit; he; enjoys; and; working; still; (,); (.) . 9．it, poses, various, risks, convenience, artificial intelligence, great, in, privacy, though, fields, certain, to, offers  (连词成句) . 拔高题 一、单句语法填空 1．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. (用适当的词填空) 2．Jane is determined to live a fulfilling life no matter the future holds. (用适当的词填空) 3．I don’t think I can afford them I like the color. (用适当的词填空) 4．Weak I am in English for the moment, I am confident that I can catch up. (用适当的词填空) 5．We students should always manage to spare some time to exercise, busy we are. (用适当的词填空) 6． technology is used to help us, we should not allow it to take over our lives. (用适当的词填空) 7．Hard she tries, she can hardly avoid mistakes in her homework. (用适当的词填空) 8．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit it every year. (用适当的词填空) 9．I developed a strong interest in stage design that I realized I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing it. (用适当的词填空) 10．The teacher thinks we’re so smart we ought to have no trouble learning it.（用适当的词填空） 单选题 1．________ he is young, he knows a lot about history simply by reading books on his own. A．Though B．When C．Unless D．If 2．I still love my Husky, ________ he breaks the sofas and furniture sometimes. A．even though B．so that C．now that D．except that 3． you agree or not,I will go to Egypt and work there. A．Whether B．As C．Although D．Unless 4．Don’t forget you are a Chinese, ________ you go. A．no matter what B．no matter how C．no matter where D．no matter when 5．________ it takes more time to walk there, we can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the way. A．Until B．Unless C．Because D．Although 6．________she comes to the party, she brings a friend with her. A．Whenever B．However C．Wherever D．Whoever 7．______ you are talented, you cannot do everything alone; you must learn to cooperate with others. A．As if B．Until C．As long as D．Even if 8．______ the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight in 1903. A．When B．Since C．If D．While 9．So absorbed was Mary in her yoga exercises ______ she took no notice of the heavy rain outside. A．because B．so C．that D．as 10．Cathy had quit her job ________ she could stay home and take care of her family. A．now that B．as if C．only if D．so that 句子翻译 1.无论我发生什么事情，我都会让你知道。(no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句） , I will let you know. 2.尽管我们的爱好各不相同，但我们还是好朋友。(even if/even though引导的让步状语从句) , we’re still great friends. 3. , I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much money on it. 尽管旅游能够使我增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的金钱不是一个好主意。 语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I keep reading English novels every day 1.________ ________ I can improve my reading skills quickly. 2.________ the novels contain many new words, I never give up halfway. I take notes carefully 3.________ ________ I won’t forget the key vocabulary. I spend much time on reading, 4.________ my writing ability becomes much better. I mark difficult sentences 5.________ ________ I can review them regularly. I will ask my teacher for help 6.________ ________ I meet confusing grammar points. 7.________ tired I am after school, I will spare 30 minutes for reading. I stick to this habit 8.________ ________ ________ my English level will keep rising. I read widely 9.____ ____ I gain rich knowledge about foreign cultures. I will carry on this reading plan 10.________ ________ there are lots of difficult tasks ahead. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Then and now核心语法精练 （让步状语从句） 1.________ the digital library provides millions of e-books, some readers still prefer to read paper books. A. However B. Therefore C. Though D. Besides 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然数字图书馆提供了数百万本电子书，但一些读者仍然更喜欢读纸质书。 考查连词辨析。However然而；Therefore因此；Though虽然；Besides此外。句子前后表示让步关系，强调“虽然”有电子书，仍有人偏好纸质书，因此需用表示让步的连词“Though”引导从句。故选C。 2.Robot carers are more useful in our daily life ________ it has some disadvantages. A. unless B. if C. because D. although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管机器人护理员有一些缺点，但它们在日常生活中更有用。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；because因为；although尽管。句子前半部分说“Robot carers are more useful in our daily life”，后半部分说“it has some disadvantages”，前后是让步关系。故选D。 3.No matter ________ hard the task is, Emily always manages to complete it on time. A. what B. where C. when D. how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：无论任务有多难，Emily总是设法按时完成。 考查让步状语从句。what什么；where哪里；when何时；how怎样。根据“hard the task is”可知此处是无论任务有多难，no matter how表示“无论多么”，用于修饰形容词hard，符合句意。故选D。 4.She tries to take detailed notes in class ________ she may better understand the difficult points after class. A. because B. so C. if D. although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她尽量在课堂上做详细的笔记，这样她可以更好地理解课后的难点。 考查连词辨析。because因为；so所以，以便；if如果；although虽然。根据“She tries to take detailed notes in class”可知，做详细的笔记的目的是更好地理解课后的难点，用表示目的的连词so。故选B。 5.____ he's old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 【答案】A 【解析】句意：虽然年事已高，但他依然能扛起这个沉重的包。考点：让步状语从句连词辨析。though虽然，引导让步；since/for 表原因；so 表结果。句子存在转折让步逻辑：年纪大，却还能搬重物。though符合语境；though/although不能和but连用。 6.— How do you like the concert given by the "Foxy Ladies"?— Exciting, ____ one piece of the music wasn't played quite well. A. so B. though C. because D. and 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你觉得“Foxy Ladies”的音乐会怎么样？——很精彩，尽管有一段曲目演奏得不算完美。 考点：让步状语从句连词。整体评价很好，局部存在不足，构成让步转折。so因此；because因为；and并且，均不符合逻辑；though尽管，符合语义。 7.— Shall we go on working?— Yes, ____ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我们继续工作吗？——好的，不过我更想休息一会。考点：though表让步转折。同意继续工作，但是内心更想休息，存在让步含义。when当……时；if如果；because因为，语义不匹配，选though。 8.Doctor Li went to see the patient ____ it was raining heavily. A. because B. and C. since D. though 【答案】D 【解析】句意：尽管雨下得很大，李医生还是前去看望病人。考点：让步状语连词辨析。下雨是不利条件，但医生依旧出诊，属于让步关系。because/since表原因；and表并列；though尽管，符合题意。 9.— This dress was last year's style.— I think it still looks perfect ____ it has gone out this year. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这条连衣裙是去年的款式。——我觉得即使今年已经不流行了，它依旧很好看。考点：even though引导让步状语从句。so that以便；as if好像；ever since自从；even though“即使，尽管”，引导让步，表达“尽管过时，依旧好看”。 10.No matter ____ busy he is, he won't give up his hobby. A. where B. how C. what D. who 【答案】B 【解析】句意：无论他有多忙碌，他都不会放弃自己的爱好。考点：no matter+疑问词结构。busy是形容词，需要副词how修饰；no matter how = however，意为“无论多么”。where哪里，what什么，who谁，无法修饰形容词busy。 11.I never seem to lose any weight, ____ hard I try. A. even though B. no matter how C. as if D. ever since 【答案】B 【解析】句意：无论我多么努力，体重似乎总是降不下来。考点：no matter how 引导让步状语从句。修饰副词hard，用no matter how（无论多么）。even though后面接完整句子；as if好像；ever since自从，结构不匹配。 12.No matter ____ you come, you are welcome. A. how B. where C. when D. what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：无论你什么时候来，都欢迎你。考点：no matter+疑问词语义辨析。no matter when = whenever 无论何时；结合句意“随时欢迎到来”，选when。how如何，where何地，what什么不符合语境。 13.Though it's raining, ____ are still working in the fields. A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they 【答案】A 【解析】句意：虽然下着雨，他们依旧在田里劳作。考点：让步状语从句易错点。语法规则：though/although 不能与but连用。从句已经有though，主句不能再加but，直接使用主语they。 14.Nobody believed him ____ what he said. A. even though B. in spite C. no matter D. contrary to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：无论他说什么，都没有人相信他。考点：no matter what 固定结构。no matter what = whatever，意为“无论什么”；no matter what he said 无论他说了什么。even though后接完整从句；in spite后面必须加of；contrary to与……相反，结构错误。 15.____what may happen, I won't change my mind. A. Even if B. Although C. Perhaps D. No matter 【答案】D 【解析】句意：无论发生什么事情，我都不会改变主意。考点：no matter what 固定搭配。no matter what 无论什么；even if / although 后面接完整句子，不能直接接what；perhaps副词不能引导从句。 16. Peter had a fever. He got good grades in the exam.（用although合并为一句） ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although Peter had a fever, he got good grades in the exam. 【详解】句意：彼得发烧了。他在考试中取得了好成绩。原句两个简单句是让步转折关系：Peter发烧本来可能影响考试，但他依然考出了好成绩。从属连词although引导让步状语从句，不能和but同时连用，注意Although放句首时，首字母要大写，其他语序不变。 17. easy to read, to carry around, too heavy, it’s, this dictionary, is, although (连词成句) _____________________________________________________________. 【答案】Although this dictionary is easy to read, it’s too heavy to carry around. //This dictionary is too heavy to carry around although it’s easy to read 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知，句子为含有although引导的让步状语从句的复合句，时态为一般现在时。although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，放在句首，首字母需要大写；this dictionary“这本词典”，作从句的主语；is为系动词；easy to read“读起来容易”，其中easy作表语，to read作状语；it’s“它是”，其中it作主句的主语；too...to“太……而不能”，too后接形容词heavy“重的”，to后接动词短语carry around“携带”。让步状语从句也可以放在主句后，中间不用逗号，故填Although this dictionary is easy to read, it’s too heavy to carry around/This dictionary is too heavy to carry around although it’s easy to read“尽管这本词典读起来很容易，但是它太重了，不方便携带”。 II.Complete the following sentences according to the Chinese meaning(根据中文意思完成下列句子) 1.虽然当时正下着雨,但他仍然到那里去了。 【答案】Although/Though it was raining, he still went there. 【解析】考点：though/although引导让步状语；although/though不可与but连用，可用still表“仍然”。从句放句首，用Although或Though引导让步从句；规则：although/though和but不能同时出现在一个句子，想表达转折含义，主句副词still可放在主语后体现“仍然”。 2.虽然下着雪,但并不是很冷。 【答案】It was snowing, but it was not very cold. 【解析】考点：并列连词but表转折；区分though/although与but使用场景。句没有用though/although引导从句，前后两个独立简单句并列，直接用连词but连接表示转折；注意：若句首加Though，后半句不能出现but。 3.虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作。 【答案】Although/Though he was tired, yet he kept on working. 【解析】考点：让步状语从句；though/although搭配yet的特殊用法。Although/Though引导让步从句，语法规定不能用but，副词yet可用于主句开头表“然而”，二者可以搭配使用；keep on working 固定搭配“持续工作”。 4.虽然我的叔叔老了,但他看上去还是很健壮。 【答案】Although/Though my uncle is old, he looks very strong and healthy. 【解析】考点：句首though/although引导让步状语从句；主谓一致。从句置于句首，用Although/Though引导让步，逗号分隔主从句；主句前不添加but；主语my uncle为第三人称单数，look使用三单形式looks。 1.He __________ in a small village where everyone knows each other now. A. used to live B. used to living C. used to lived D. is used to living 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他习惯住在一个小村庄里，在那里大家现在都互相认识。 考查动词短语。used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth习惯做某事。根据“now”可知，描述的是现在的习惯状态，表示他“习惯于”住在小村庄，因此使用is used to living。故选D。 2.The man ________ a lot but he has given up smoking because of his health problems. A. used to smoking B. is used to smoke C. used to smoke D. is used to smoking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个人过去抽烟很多，但由于健康问题他已经戒烟了。 考查动词短语辨析。used to doing表达错误；be used to do被用来做某事；used to do过去常常做某事；be used to doing习惯做某事。根据句意“The man ... a lot but he has given up smoking”可知，他过去抽烟很多，但现在戒了。此处表示过去常做某事，应使用“used to do”结构。故选C。 3.In the past, people usually wrote letters to communicate with each other.（保持句意基本不变） People ______ ______ write letters to communicate with each other. 【答案】used to 【详解】句意：过去，人们通常写信相互交流。要保持句意不变，应用短语 “used to do sth.” ，意为 “过去常常做某事”。故填used；to。 4.They ________ walk to school because they took the school bus. A．didn’t use to B．used to C．don’t use to D．use to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们过去不常常步行去学校，因为他们乘坐校车。 根据句中“took”可知时态为一般过去时；结合语境“乘坐校车”，可知他们过去不常常步行。used to的否定形式为didn’t use to。 5.My grandpa ________ Beijing Opera, but now he likes painting. A．used to like B．is used to like C．used to liking D．is used to liking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我爷爷过去喜欢京剧，但现在他喜欢画画。 used to like过去喜欢 (used to do)；is used to like被用来喜欢；used to liking搭配错误 (used to后接动词原形）；is used to liking习惯喜欢。根据下文“but now he likes painting”可知，他现在喜欢画画，与过去形成对比，说明过去喜欢京剧，应用used to like。 6.My grandma ________ live in the countryside, but now she lives in the city. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．use to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的奶奶以前住在乡下，但现在她住在城里。固定搭配used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，句中but now形成今昔对比，符合该短语用法，后接动词原形live。 7.Yang Lin ________ do morning exercises, but now he ________ doing Chinese kung fu. A．is used to; used to B．used to; is used to C．used to; is used for D．used to; used to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：杨林过去常常做早操，但现在他习惯于练中国功夫了。 used to do sth.过去常常做某事，后接动词原形；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，后接动名词；be used for doing sth.被用来做某事。根据前半句语境可知是过去常常做早操，用used to；根据后半句“now”及“doing”可知是现在习惯于练功夫，主语是he，be动词用is，用is used to，应填used to; is used to。 8.My grandma used to ________ stories to me before I went to bed. A．tell B．tells C．told D．telling 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我奶奶过去常常在我睡觉前给我讲故事。 根据“My grandma used to…stories to me before I went to bed.”可知，used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形。应填tell。 9.My mother ________ walk to school in the past. A．use to B．used to C．uses to D．will use to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我母亲过去常常步行去上学。 根据句末的时间状语“in the past”以及空后的动词原形“walk”可知，本句描述的是过去的一种习惯，表示“过去常常做某事”。这一固定表达为“used to do sth.”，且其中used to作情态动词，不受主语人称和单复数的影响。应填used to。 10.Dinna used to ________ to work, but now she is used to ________. Because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A．drive; walking B．drive; walk C．driving; walk D．driving; walking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：迪娜过去常常开车去上班，但现在她习惯走路去上班。因为道路拥挤且她想保持健康。 used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形；be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，后接动名词。 11.Sandy ________ a bike to school, but now she ________ to school. A．used to riding, is used to walking B．used to ride, is used to walking C．used to ride, is used to walk D．used to riding, is used to walk 【答案】B 【解析】句意：桑迪过去常常骑自行车上学，但现在她习惯于步行上学。used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”。第一空表示过去常做的事，应用used to ride；第二空根据“now”可知表示现在的习惯，应用is used to walking。 12.He ________ stay up late to read science books when he was 12. A．used to B．didn’t used to C．use to D．uses to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当他12岁的时候，他常常熬夜读科学书籍。used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，强调过去的习惯或状态，用于一般过去时。didn’t used to否定形式结构错误，应为didn’t use to；use to肯定句中不能直接用use to；uses to不符合固定搭配。根据时间状语“when he was 12”可知句子描述的是过去的情况，且为肯定句，故填used to。 13.Lily used to ________ shy, but now she is outgoing. A．be B．being C．was D．is 【答案】A 【解析】句意：Lily 过去常常是害羞的，但现在她外向了。be是，动词原形；being现在分词；was过去式；is第三人称单数形式。used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”或“过去曾是某种状态”，后接动词原形。根据“used to”可知后接原形be。 14.Lily used to ________ very late. But now she gets up very early. A．get up B．gets up C．getting up D．to getting up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：莉莉过去常常起床很晚。但现在她起得很早。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，应填get up。 15.My father used to ________ to work, but now he is used to ________ to work on foot. A．driving, going B．drive, go C．drive, going D．driving, go 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我父亲过去常常开车去上班，但现在他习惯于步行去上班。used to后接动词原形，意为“过去常常做某事”；be used to后接动名词，意为“习惯于做某事”。 16.Jenny used to ________ afraid of the dark, but now she has got used to ________ alone. A．be; sleep B．being; sleeping C．be; sleeping D．being; sleep 【答案】C 【解析】句意：珍妮过去怕黑，但现在她已经习惯了独自睡觉。 used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，“to”后接动词原形；get used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，“to”是介词，后接动名词。根据第一空前“used to”可知，第一空应填动词原形be，表示过去怕黑；根据第二空前“has got used to”可知，第二空应填动名词sleeping，表示习惯于独自睡觉。 17.Sue used to ________ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to ________ out for a walk. A．watch, go B．watching, go C．watching, going D．watch, going 【答案】D 【解析】句意：苏以前晚饭后常在家看电视。但现在她习惯出去散步了。“used to do sth.”表示“过去常常做某事”，所以第一个空应填动词原形watch；“be used to doing sth.”表示“习惯于做某事”，所以第二个空应填going。 18.We used to ________ a lot of time on the way to different places of interest, but now many people have got used to ________ online, which is known as “cloud tourism” (云旅游). A．spend, traveling B．spending, traveling C．spend, travel 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们过去常常在去不同景点的路上花很多时间，但现在很多人已经习惯了在线旅游，也就是所谓的“云旅游”。used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，第一空用spend；get used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词，第二空用traveling。 19.—What do you do when you are free?—I ________ watch car races, but now I enjoy ________ with my band. A．used to; playing B．didn’t use to; playing C．use to; play D．used to; to play 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你空闲的时候做什么？——我过去常常看赛车比赛，但现在我喜欢和我的乐队一起演奏。根据“I...watch car races, but now I enjoy...with my band.”可知，前后句意存在过去与现在的对比，第一空，此处表示“过去常常”看赛车比赛，应填used to；第二空，此处表示喜欢和我的乐队一起“演奏”，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”是固定搭配，此处应该用动名词形式。应填used to；playing。 20.—When did you begin to like cars?—________ I was a child, I ________ love playing with toy cars. A．When; used to B．Before; use to C．After; didn’t use to D．As; used to not 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你什么时候开始喜欢汽车的？——当我还是个孩子的时候，我过去常常喜欢玩玩具汽车。第一空表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，应用When；第二空表示“过去常常”，应用used to do结构。 21.Tom used to ________up late, but now he gets used to ________up early. A．get; get B．getting; get C．getting; getting D．get; getting 【答案】D 【解析】句意：汤姆过去常常起得晚，但现在他习惯了早起。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形；get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词。根据语法规则，第一空应填原形get，第二空应填动名词getting。 22.The young man ________ to be a famous singer, but he gave it up because of a throat disease. A．was used B．used C．was using D．used to want 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这个年轻人过去想成为一名著名的歌手，但他因为咽喉疾病放弃了。 was used被使用；used使用；was using正在使用；used to want过去想要。根据后半句“gave it up”可知此处表示过去曾经想要，符合used to do结构，应填used to want。 23.Mary used to ________ in the countryside, but now she is used to ________ in the city. A．live；live B．live； living C．living； living D．living； live 【答案】B 【解析】句意：玛丽过去住在乡下，但现在她习惯于住在城市里。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形；be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，后接动名词。第一空根据used to可知填动词原形live；第二空根据is used to可知填动名词living。 1.Choose the best answer （选出最恰当的答案） In recent years, an increasing number of people have started learning computer programming. Children as ___1___ as six are being signed up for coding classes. Are they too young ___2___ programming? We interviewed three parents. Let’s see what they think. Tim Taylor In my opinion, schools and parents ___3___ introduce coding to kids. Those that have done so are missing several important points. Bill Gates and Marissa Mayer didn’t rise to the top of their field by coding; they did so ___4___ they were able to think creatively. ___5___ technology has greatly developed over the years, raising children hasn’t changed much. Children grow up to be successful when they have parents who teach ___6___ important values, attitudes and life skills. Kids shouldn’t spend all of their time in front of a screen. They should spend more time with their parents and friends. Edward Levinson Through learning how to code, children develop “computational thinking.” Programming is ___7___ useful skill, and computational thinking is an important ability. Those who can properly make use of the power of the computer have an advantage over those who can’t. Computer science is the future. ___8___, I believe that in the 21st century, every kid should learn to program. Christa Mattison I think kids should be introduced to computer science. However, ___9___ they learn to code, they should first learn ethics (道德准则). Kids must realize how a single program can cause serious damage on the internet within minutes. _____10_____ they understand the results of what they do, it’s meaningless to teach them to code. 1. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 2. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 3. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 4. A. because B. though C. while D. if 5. A. When B. Although C. Since D. Now that 6. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them 7. A. a B. an C. the D. / 8. A. In addition B. Therefore C. Similarly D. For example 9. A. after B. before C. until D. as soon as 10. A. Though B. If C. Unless D. Because 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了近年来越来越多的人开始学习计算机编程，甚至有低至六岁的孩子被报名参加编程课，针对孩子是否太小学编程这一问题，采访了三位家长并展示了他们的观点。 【1题详解】 句意：低至六岁的孩子被报名参加编程课。 young年轻的，是形容词原级；younger更年轻的，是比较级；youngest最年轻的，是最高级；the youngest最年轻的，是最高级。as...as...“和……一样”，中间用形容词原级。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：他们是不是太年轻，还不能学编程？ learn学习，是动词原形；to learn学习，是动词不定式；learning学习，是动名词；learned学习，是动词过去式。“be too+形容词+to do sth.” 是固定句型，表示“太……而不能做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：在我看来，学校和家长不应该向孩子们介绍编程。 can’t不可能；couldn’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Those that have done so are missing several important points.”可知，已经这样做的学校和家长忽略了几点重要内容，所以此处是说学校和家长不应该向孩子们介绍编程。故选D。 【4题详解】 句意：他们之所以能做到这一点，是因为他们能够创造性地思考。 because因为；though尽管；while当……时；if如果。后文“they were able to think creatively”是前文“Bill Gates and Marissa Mayer didn’t rise to the top of their field by coding”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：虽然多年来技术有了很大发展，但抚养孩子并没有太大变化。 When当……时；Although虽然；Since自从；Now that既然。前文“technology has greatly developed over the years”和后文“raising children hasn’t changed much”是让步关系，所以用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：当孩子们有父母教他们重要的价值观、态度和生活技能时，他们长大后就会成功。 they他们，是主格；their他们的，是形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，是反身代词；them他们，是宾格。动词“teach”后接人称代词宾格作宾语，所以空处用them。故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：编程是一项有用的技能，而计算思维是一项重要的能力。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指；/不填。此处泛指“一项有用的技能”， “useful”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：因此，我相信在21世纪，每个孩子都应该学习编程。 In addition此外；Therefore因此；Similarly同样；For example例如。前文“Computer science is the future.”和后文“I believe that in the 21st century, every kid should learn to program.”是因果关系，所以用therefore。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：然而，在他们学习编程之前，他们应该首先学习道德准则。 after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到；as soon as一……就……。根据“they should first learn ethics”可知，在学习编程之前，应该先学习道德准则。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：除非他们明白自己所做的事情的结果，否则教他们编程是没有意义的。 Though尽管；If如果；Unless除非；Because因为。根据“they understand the results of what they do”和“it’s meaningless to teach them to code”可知，除非孩子们明白自己所做的事情的结果，否则教他们编程没有意义，所以用Unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 2.Read and complete the conversation (根据对话内容完成句子。) Harry and his grandma are choosing items to sell at the car boot sale. Harry: What are these little squares? Grandma: They are my cassette tapes. ___23___? (用一般疑问句进行提问) Harry: No, I haven’t. What does it do? Grandma: It plays music, but my cassette player ___24___, so we can’t use it. Harry: ___25___! (给出表达遗憾的句式) Harry: How about this pocket watch? It looks old,so maybe we can sell it. Grandma: ___26___ (用让步状语从句完成句子), it works well. Let’s keep it. Harry: OK. Look,I find… 【答案】23. Have you ever seen one before 24. doesn’t work 25. What a pity/That’s too bad 26. Although it looks old 【导语】本文主要介绍了Harry和奶奶在挑选要在旧货市场出售的物品时，围绕一些物品展开的对话。 【23题详解】 根据下文Harry的回答“No, I haven’t. What does it do?”可知，奶奶这里应该是问Harry有没有见过磁带，用现在完成时的一般疑问句提问，故填“Have you ever seen one before”。 【24题详解】 根据上文“It plays music”以及下文“so we can’t use it”可知，奶奶的磁带播放器应该是坏了，所以不能用。 【25题详解】 根据上文奶奶说磁带播放器坏了不能用，可知Harry应该会表达遗憾，故填“What a pity”或“That’s too bad”等表达遗憾的句子。 【26题详解】 根据上文Harry说怀表看起来旧，也许可以卖掉，以及下文“it works well. Let’s keep it.”可知，奶奶应该是说虽然怀表看起来旧，但是走得准，要留着它，用让步状语从句。 3.Rewrite the following sentences as required. （根据所给要求，改写下列句子） Harry: Look at this pocket watch, Great-grandma! It’s very old. Great-grandma: Yes! ____19____ your great-grandfather (用belong完成句子) And you know what? It still works well. Harry: ____20____ (表达惊讶) Something so old still works! Great-grandma: It does. We used to wind (给钟表上发条) it to keep the time right. Harry: You wind it? ____21____ (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: There’s a small knob (旋钮) here. You turn it gently until you feel a little resistance (阻力). Harry: ____22____ (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: I need to wind it almost every day! Harry: What should we do with it? Sell it or keep it? Great-grandma: I’m not sure. The pocket watch is old, but it still works perfectly. Harry: I think we should keep it. ____23____ (用含有although引导的让步状语从句对划线句保持句意不变) Great-grandma: You’re right. Let’s keep it. It reminds me of him. Harry: Great! Maybe one day I’ll learn how to wind it too. 【答案】19. It belongs to 20. That’s amazing! 21. How do you wind it? 22. How often do you need to wind it? 23. Although the pocket watch is old, it still works perfectly. 【导语】本文主要讲了Harry向曾祖母展示一块老旧怀表，得知它属于曾祖父且仍能正常使用，两人交流了上发条的方法与频率，最终决定保留这块充满回忆的怀表。 【19题详解】 上文Harry提到怀表很旧，曾祖母回应它属于曾祖父，用belong完成句子，“It belongs to”准确表达怀表的归属关系，符合语法和语境。 【20题详解】 下文Harry感叹“这么旧的东西还能走！”，需要表达惊讶的语气，“That’s amazing!”是常用的感叹句，能自然传递出意外与赞叹的情绪，符合语境。 【21题详解】 下文曾祖母详细说明了给怀表上发条的操作方法，所以此处应提问操作方式，“How do you wind it?”针对“如何上发条”进行询问，与回答内容对应，符合语境。 【22题详解】 下文曾祖母回答“我几乎每天都要上发条！”，说明问题是关于频率的，“How often do you need to wind it?”用于询问动作发生的频率，与回答匹配，符合语境。 【23题详解】 原句“The pocket watch is old, but it still works perfectly”表转折，用although引导让步状语从句改写，“Although the pocket watch is old, it still works perfectly”保持了原意，语法正确且逻辑通顺，符合要求。 完成句子 1．You should keep on following your heart no matter what difficulties you may meet.（改为同义句） You should keep on following your heart you may meet. 【答案】whatever difficulties 【详解】句意：不管遇到什么困难，你都应该追随自己的心。根据“no matter what difficulties”可知，此处使用结构“no matter+疑问词=疑问词ever”，用来引导让步状语从句，表示“不管……，无论……”。故填whatever；difficulties。 2．—Will they have the party today? —I’m afraid not. Maybe half the class won’t come. (句型转化) = they have the party today, half the class won’t come. 【答案】Even if 【详解】句意：——他们今天会举行派对吗？——恐怕不会。可能有一半的同学不会来。根据上下文，句子的意思是“即使他们今天举行派对，也有一半的同学不会来。” “Even if”表示“即使”，符合句意。故填Even if。 3．They are poor but they are happy. (同义句转换) they are poor, they are happy. 【答案】Although/Though 【详解】句意：他们是贫穷的但是他们很开心。原句使用“but”表示转折关系，意为“但是”，同义句需将表转折的“but”替换为表让步的“although/though”，“although/though”位于句首引导从句，主句保持不变，首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 4．Whenever you come back, I shall go to meet you at the station. (改为同义句) you come back, I shall go to meet you at the station. 【答案】 No matter when 【详解】句意：无论你什么时候回来，我都会去车站接你。原句中whenever表示“无论何时”，引导让步状语从句，此处可用no matter when进行替换。故填No；matter；when。 5．虽然她擅长画画，但有时会犯错误。 she is good drawing, she sometimes . 【答案】 Although/Though at makes mistakes 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“虽然”、“擅长”和“犯错”。“虽然”用连词although或though，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写；“擅长”用形容词短语be good at；“犯错”用动词短语make mistakes，根据“sometimes”可知，主句时态为一般现在时，主语为“she”，谓语动词用三单形式。make的三单形式为makes。故填Although/Though；at；makes；mistakes。 6．Living conditions were unpleasant in the past. Many people moved to cities.（用 although 合并） 【答案】Although living conditions were unpleasant in the past, many people moved to cities. 【详解】句意：过去的生活条件很糟糕。许多人搬到了城市。“although”意为“尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，强调主句和从句之间的转折关系。原句中“Living conditions were unpleasant in the past”是让步状语，“many people moved to cities”是主句，用“although”连接时，从句在前，主句在后，且从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开。故填Although living conditions were unpleasant in the past, many people moved to cities. 7．he, was, ran, Danny, as fast as possible, very tired, though (连词成句) . 【答案】Danny ran as fast as possible though he was very tired/Though Danny was very tired, he ran as fast as possible 【详解】根据所给词可知此处是含though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句，“很累was tired”表示让步，主句讲“尽可能地跑得快ran as fast as possible”。主句在前从句在后时，句中不要逗号，主句Danny ran as fast as possible；从句though he was very tired。主句在后从句在前时，从句与主句之间用逗号隔开，从句though Danny was very tired；主句he ran as fast as possible。故填Danny ran as fast as possible though he was very tired/Though Danny was very tired, he ran as fast as possible“虽然丹尼很累，但他还是尽可能快地跑”。 8．very; he; although; is; 65; over; is; fit; he; enjoys; and; working; still; (,); (.) . 【答案】Although he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys working 【详解】分析所给单词可知，本句为although引导的让步状语从句。从句为主系表结构，he为主语；is为系动词；over 65为表语；very fit作主句的表语；and表并列；still为副词，修饰动词enjoys；working为宾语。故填Although he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys working“虽然他已经65岁以上了，但身体很好，仍然很喜欢工作”。 9．it, poses, various, risks, convenience, artificial intelligence, great, in, privacy, though, fields, certain, to, offers  (连词成句) . 【答案】Though artificial intelligence offers great convenience in certain fields, it poses various risks to privacy 【详解】根据所给标点和“though”可知，本句是含让步状语从句的复合句，though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，需置于句首；artificial intelligence“人工智能”，作从句的主语；offers“提供”，从句谓语动词；great convenience“极大的便利”，作从句宾语；in certain fields“在某些领域”，作状语。从句意为“尽管人工智能在某些领域提供了极大便利”；剩余部分构成主句，it，指代“artificial intelligence”，作主句的主语；poses“造成；引起”，作主句谓语动词；various risks to privacy“各种隐私风险”，作主句宾语，主句意为“它给隐私带来了各种风险”。故填Though artificial intelligence offers great convenience in certain fields, it poses various risks to privacy “尽管人工智能在某些领域提供了极大的便利，但它给隐私带来了各种风险”。 拔高题 一、单句语法填空 1．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们在哪里，我们都可以通过各种通信软件与亲人保持联系。结合句意可知，此处指“无论我们在哪里”，使用no matter where引导让步状语从句，故填where。 2．Jane is determined to live a fulfilling life no matter the future holds. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管未来怎样，简都决心过充实的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句，从句中缺少宾语，根据句意表达“不管未来怎样”之意，用no matter what引导。故填what。 3．I don’t think I can afford them I like the color. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】although/though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然我喜欢这种颜色，但我觉得我买不起。根据句意可知，空处应填连词although/though“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填although/though。 4．Weak I am in English for the moment, I am confident that I can catch up. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as/though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然目前我的英语很差，但我有信心能赶上来。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”且为倒装句，应用as或though。故填as/though。 5．We students should always manage to spare some time to exercise, busy we are. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】however 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：我们学生应该总是设法抽出一些时间来锻炼，不管我们多么忙。根据句意可知，空格后的部分是让步状语从句，由空格后的形容词busy可知，表示“不管多么”应该用连接副词however引导从句。故填however。 6． technology is used to help us, we should not allow it to take over our lives. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Though/Although/While 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它接管我们的生活。分析句子可知，逗号前后是让步转折关系，所以空格处应该用连词though/although/while引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although/While。 7．Hard she tries, she can hardly avoid mistakes in her homework. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管她努力尝试，但她还是很难避免作业中的错误。根据语境可知，空处需要连词as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。as引导让步状语从句时，从句可用部分倒装的结构，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形提到as之前。本句话是把状语hard提到了as的前面。故填as。 8．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit it every year. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：长城是一个如此闻名的旅游景点，每年都有很多游客来参观。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是结果状语从句：so+adj.+名词+ that …，意为“如此……，以至于……”。故填so。 9．I developed a strong interest in stage design that I realized I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】such 【详解】考查连词。句意：我对舞台设计产生了如此强烈的兴趣，以至于我意识到我想用我余生的时间来做这件事。分析句子结构，本句使用了“such a +名词+that”结构，表示“如此……的……”，符合句意，故填such。 10．The teacher thinks we’re so smart we ought to have no trouble learning it.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：老师认为我们很聪明，学习它应该不会有困难。结合语意可知，此处表示我们如此聪明，结果是学习应该不会有困难，所以空处应用that引导结果状语从句，so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 单选题 1．________ he is young, he knows a lot about history simply by reading books on his own. A．Though B．When C．Unless D．If 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管他年纪不大，但仅仅通过自己读书，他就懂很多历史知识。 Though虽然，尽管；When当……时候；Unless除非，如果不；If如果，是否。前半句“he is young”和后半句“he knows a lot about history”之间是转折/让步关系——“年纪小”和“懂很多知识”形成对比，需要一个表示“虽然/尽管”的连词来衔接，故填Though。 2．I still love my Husky, ________ he breaks the sofas and furniture sometimes. A．even though B．so that C．now that D．except that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我仍然爱我的哈士奇，尽管他有时候会弄坏沙发和家具。 考查从属连词辨析。even though尽管，引导让步状语从句；so that以便于，引导目的状语从句；now that既然，引导原因状语从句；except that除了，表排除关系。根据前面的“still love”和后面的“breaks”可知我仍然爱我的哈士奇，尽管他有时候会破坏沙发和家具，是一种让步关系。故选A。 3． you agree or not,I will go to Egypt and work there. A．Whether B．As C．Although D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不管是否同意，我将要去埃及，并且在那里工作。 A. Whether是否，B. As作为，C. Although尽管，D. Unless除非。根据题干or not可知，前方应该用whether与其搭配，构成不管你是否同意，故选A。 4．Don’t forget you are a Chinese, ________ you go. A．no matter what B．no matter how C．no matter where D．no matter when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要忘记你是一个中国人，无论你去哪里。 考查让步状语从句。no matter what无论什么；no matter how无论如何；no matter where无论哪里；no matter when无论何时。根据“you go”可知，无论去哪里，不要忘记自己是中国人，故选C。 5．________ it takes more time to walk there, we can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the way. A．Until B．Unless C．Because D．Although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然步行去那里花费更多时间，但我们可以欣赏沿途的美景。 Until直到；Unless除非；Because因为；Although虽然/尽管。根据题干“takes more time”与“can enjoy the beautiful scenery”可知，前后是让步转折关系，表示“虽然”花费更多时间，但可以欣赏美景，应用Although引导让步状语从句，应填Although。 6．________she comes to the party, she brings a friend with her. A．Whenever B．However C．Wherever D．Whoever 【答案】A 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论她什么时候来参加聚会，她都带着一个朋友。根据句意可知，本句为whenever引导的让步状语从句。故选A项。 7．______ you are talented, you cannot do everything alone; you must learn to cooperate with others. A．As if B．Until C．As long as D．Even if 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使你很有天赋，你也不可能一个人做所有的事情；你必须学会与人合作。A. As if好像；B. Until直到；C. As long as只要；D. Even if即使。根据后文“you are talented, you cannot do everything alone”可知为转折关系，用even if引导让步状语从句。故选D。 8．______ the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight in 1903. A．When B．Since C．If D．While 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管18世纪，蒙哥菲兄弟乘气球飞行，但直到1903年动力飞机发明，空中旅行才成为现实。A. When当……时候B. Since既然；C. If如果；D. While虽然，尽管。结合句意可知，句子为转折让步关系，应用while引导的让步状语从句。故选D。 9．So absorbed was Mary in her yoga exercises ______ she took no notice of the heavy rain outside. A．because B．so C．that D．as 【答案】C 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：玛丽如此专注于她的瑜伽练习，以至于她没有注意到外面下着大雨。A. because因为；B. so所以；C. (so...) that如此……以至于……；D. as当……时。根据So absorbed was Mary in her yoga exercises可知，倒装结构，本空用that，so...that...为固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选C。 10．Cathy had quit her job ________ she could stay home and take care of her family. A．now that B．as if C．only if D．so that 【答案】D 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：Cathy辞去了工作，以便她能够留在家里照顾家人。A. now that既然；B. as if好像；C. only if只有；D. so that以便。she could stay home and take care of her family为Cathy辞去了工作的目的，本空引导目的状语从句，用so that符合语义。故选D。 句子翻译 1.无论我发生什么事情，我都会让你知道。(no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句） , I will let you know. 【答案】No matter what happens to me 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。此处no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用no matter what；表示“某事发生在某人身上”应用happen to sb.；此处为主将从现。故填No matter what happens to me。 2.尽管我们的爱好各不相同，但我们还是好朋友。(even if/even though引导的让步状语从句) , we’re still great friends. 【答案】Even if/Even though we have different hobbies 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用even if/even though；主语为we；表示“爱好各不相同”为have different hobbies，此处为主将从现。首字母大写。故填Even if/Even though we have different hobbies。 3. , I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much money on it. 尽管旅游能够使我增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的金钱不是一个好主意。 【答案】While travelling can broaden my mind 【详解】考查让步状语从句，情态动词，名词。根据汉语意思可知，本句为让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句的连词可以用while，表示“虽然，尽管”；“旅行”为travel，在本句中作主语，所以用动名词；表示“能够”用can，情态动词后加动词原形，表示“增长”用broaden，“见识”用mind，“我的”用my。故答案为While travelling can broaden my mind。 语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I keep reading English novels every day 1.________ ________ I can improve my reading skills quickly. 2.________ the novels contain many new words, I never give up halfway. I take notes carefully 3.________ ________ I won’t forget the key vocabulary. I spend much time on reading, 4.________ my writing ability becomes much better. I mark difficult sentences 5.________ ________ I can review them regularly. I will ask my teacher for help 6.________ ________ I meet confusing grammar points. 7.________ tired I am after school, I will spare 30 minutes for reading. I stick to this habit 8.________ ________ ________ my English level will keep rising. I read widely 9.____ ____ I gain rich knowledge about foreign cultures. I will carry on this reading plan 10.________ ________ there are lots of difficult tasks ahead. 【答案】1. so that 2. Although 3.so that 4. so 5. so that 6. even if 7. However 8. in order that 9. so that 10. even though 【解析】文章大意：我每天坚持读英文小说，为了能快速提升阅读能力。尽管小说里有很多生词，我从未半途而废。我认真记笔记，免得遗忘重点词汇。 因为我花大量时间阅读，我的写作水平提升了很多。我把难句做好标记，方便定期复习。即便遇到难懂的语法点，我都会主动向老师求助。 无论放学后多疲惫，我都会抽出半小时阅读。我坚持这个习惯，只为让我的英语水平持续进步。我广泛阅读，因此收获了丰富的异国文化知识。就算前路有大量繁重任务，我也会继续执行这份阅读计划。 1.so that（两词，两处横线） 语法：目的状语从句引导词，意为 “为了，以便”，表行动的目的。 句意：我每天坚持读英文小说，为了能快速提升阅读能力。 2.Although 语法：让步状语从句基础连词，意为 “虽然，尽管”，表转折让步。 句意：尽管小说里有很多生词，我从未半途而废。 3.so that（两词，两处横线） 语法：目的状语从句引导词，表记笔记的目的。 句意：我认真记笔记，免得遗忘重点词汇。 4.so 语法：结果状语从句引导词，引出后文结果，意为 “因此”。 句意：我花大量时间阅读，因此我的写作水平提升了很多。 5.so that（两词，两处横线） 语法：目的状语从句连词，标记句子是为了方便复习。 句意：我把难句做好标记，方便定期复习。 6.even if（两词，两处横线） 语法：让步状语从句复合连词，意为 “即使，纵然”，引导假设性让步。 句意：即便遇到难懂的语法点，我都会主动向老师求助。 7.However 语法：让步状语从句引导词，However + 形容词 / 副词，意为 “无论多么……”。 句意：无论放学后多疲惫，我都会抽出半小时阅读。 8.in order that（三词，三处横线） 语法：目的状语从句三词复合连词，比 so that 语气更强，意为 “为了”。 句意：我坚持这个习惯，只为让我的英语水平持续进步。 9.结果状语从句连词，表阅读带来的直接结果。 句意：我广泛阅读，以便，结果收获了丰富的异国文化知识。 10.even though（两词，两处横线） 语法：让步状语从句复合连词，同义 even if，表既定事实的让步，意为 “尽管，就算”。 句意：就算前路有大量繁重任务，我也会继续执行这份阅读计划。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $