Unit 7 The natural world（重难词汇精练）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然世界”主题词汇，构建“基础-语境-语篇”三阶训练体系，系统提升词汇应用能力，培养语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|核心单词49个+短语15个+词形变化20个|汉译英/词形转换|从音形义记忆到词形变化规则，夯实基础词汇| |词汇语境练|单词适当形式填空20题+单项选择25题+完成句子10题|语境填空/选择/句子补全|从单句语境到固定搭配，强化词汇在情境中的准确运用| |词汇语篇练|语篇填空3篇（含完形1篇）|语篇综合填空|从语篇理解到词汇连贯运用，提升语篇层面的词汇整合能力|

Unit 7 The natural world词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 要求：根据左侧中文及词性标注，写出对应的英文单词或短语 I.核心单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 珊瑚 n. ______________ 2. 礁；礁石 n. ______________ 3. 企鹅 n. ______________ 4. 生态系统 n. ______________ 5. 气候 n. ______________ 6. 湿地 n. ______________ 7. 包括 vt. ______________ 8. 非生物的 adj. ______________ 9. 池塘 n. ______________ 10. 大约 adv. ______________ 11. 容纳；拿着；举行 vt. ______________ 12. 返回，回去 vi. ______________ 13. 防止，阻止 vt. ______________ 14. 贮存 vt. ______________ 15. 海绵块 n. ______________ 16. 起作用；行动 vi. ______________ 17. 肾脏 n. ______________ 18. 二氧化碳 n. ______________ 19. 吸收；使落入险境 vt. ______________ 20. 有害的 adj. ______________ 21. 因此 adv. ______________ 22. 肺 n. ______________ 23. 不幸地；悲伤地 adv. ______________ 24. 吨 n. ______________ 25. 伤害，损害 vt. ______________ 26. 野生生物 n. ______________ 27. 话题 n. ______________ 28. 充满噪声的；吵闹的 adj. ______________ 29. 系统；体系 n. ______________ 30. 使发生，造成，导致 vt. ______________ 31. 损害，毁坏 vt. ______________ 32. 东北；东北方的；向东北方 n., adj. & adv. ______________ 33. 躲避处；罩子 n. ______________ 34. 稀罕的，珍贵的 adj. ______________ 35. 丹顶鹤 n. ______________ 36. 停留，逗留 n. ______________ 37. 白天 n. ______________ 38. 造成(后果) vi. ______________ 39. 创建，创造 vt. ______________ 40. 保持平衡的 adj. ______________ 41. 知识 n. ______________ 42. 废水 n. ______________ 43. 环保的，不损害环境的 adj. ______________ 44. 先生 n. ______________ 45. 女士 n. ______________ 46. 杀死 vt. & vi. ______________ 47. 解决；解答 vt. ______________ 48. 环境的 adj. ______________ 49. 泥，淤泥，泥浆 n. ______________ II.重点短语 1. 清除；摆脱 ______________ 2. (使)慢下来 ______________ 3. 相当多，不少 ______________ 4. 导致 ______________ 5. 建立 ______________ 6. 采取行动 ______________ 7. 在野外 ______________ 8. 自然保护区 ______________ 9. 减缓气候变化 ______________ 10. 保持生态平衡 ______________ 11. 吸收二氧化碳 ______________ 12. 储存热量 ______________ 13. 防止洪水 ______________ 14. 去除污染 ______________ 15. 提供食物和栖息地 ______________ 参考答案： I.核心单词 1. coral 2. reef 3. penguin 4. ecosystem 5. climate 6. wetland 7. include 8. non-living 9. pond 10. around 11. hold 12. return 13. prevent 14. store 15. sponge 16. act 17. kidney 18. carbon dioxide 19. trap 20. harmful 21. therefore 22. lung 23. sadly 24. ton 25. harm 26. wildlife 27. topic 28. noisy 29. system 30. cause 31. damage 32. north-east 33. cover 34. rare 35. red-crowned crane 36. stay 37. daytime 38. lead 39. create 40. balanced 41. knowledge 42. wastewater 43. environment-friendly 44. sir 45. madam 46. kill 47. solve 48. environmental 49. mud II.重点短语 1. get rid of 2. slow down 3. quite a few 4. lead to 5. set up 6. take action 7. in the wild 8. nature reserve 9. slow down climate change 10. keep the balance of ecosystems / keep balanced 11. take in carbon dioxide 12. store heat 13. prevent floods 14. get rid of pollution 15. provide food and cover 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 注：请根据括号内提示变换单词形式 1. climate (adj.) __________ 2. wetland (adj. 潮湿的) __________ 3. include (n.) __________ 4. harm (adj. 有害的) __________ 5. harm (adj. 无害的) __________ 6. act (n. 行动) __________ 7. create (n. 创造；创作) __________ 8. create (n. 创造物，作品) __________ 9. know (n. 知识) __________ 10. environment (adj. 环境的) __________ 11. environment (adj. 环保的) __________ 12. noise (adj. 吵闹的) __________ 13. rare (adv.) __________ 14. sad (adv.) __________ 15. prevent (n.) __________ 16. live (n. 野生生物) __________ 17. balance (adj. 平衡的) __________ 18. north-east (adj. 东北的，同原形) 副词：__________ 19. cause (n. 起因，原因，动词不变) 名词：__________ 20. damage (过去式/过去分词) __________ 参考答案： 1. climatic 2. wet 3. inclusion 4. harmful 5. harmless 6. action 7. creation 8. creature 9. knowledge 10. environmental 11. environment-friendly 12. noisy 13. rarely 14. sadly 15. prevention 16. wildlife 17. balanced 18. north-east 19. cause 20. damaged 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．She is a passionate ________ (environment) who advocates for sustainable practices. 2．Each ecosystem ________ (play) an important role in keeping the balance. 3．Once our team wins the competition, we ________ (share) the good news with our teachers right away. 4．Mum made our meals ________ (balance) by adding colourful fruits and vegetables every day. 5．________, we didn’t win the basketball match, but we learned a lot from the game. (sad) 6．Parents’ love encourages us ________ (solve) the difficulties in our lives. 7．The road was ________ (sand) and difficult to drive on. 8．The house next to the street is very ________ (noise). We don’t want to live there. 9．________ is power, and continuous learning helps us to grow and succeed in life. (know) 10．—China’s high-speed railway technology ________ (lead) the world now. —That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years. 11．He drove very slowly _________ (prevent) the accident. 12．All the visitors were ________ (trap) on the top of the mountain because of the sudden snowstorm. 13．The boy can always come up with ________ (create) ideas. 14．This book ________ (include) fifty maps and six of them are about North America. 15．The ________ (pollute) air makes it hard for people to breathe in some cities. 16．He ________ (shake) the bottle hard to see if there was any water inside. 17．As the sun ________ (rise), the small town wakes up quietly. 18．It’s really nice of you ________ (provide) so much useful information for me. 19．We should know the ________ (important) of teamwork. 20．When the heavy rain hit the small town,thousands of houses were ________ (terrible) damaged. 二、根据汉语提示填空 21．The local ________ (政府) has built a new nature reserve for wild animals. 22．Many animals are in ________ (危险) because their living areas are becoming smaller. 23．If we don’t stop polluting the river, the ________ (环境) will get worse. 24．When autumn comes, the leaves turn red and fall ________ (轻柔地) to the ground. 25．These schools often ________ (举行) activities on Children’s Day to bring fun and joy to students. 26．The fallen ________ (树叶) on the ground make the road take on a golden look in autumn. 27．The ________ (封面) of this novel is very attractive and colourful. 28．Look! The squirrel is jumping between branches. It’s time for it ________ (贮存) food before the snow comes. 29．Eating too much fast food is bad for us, so it’s better to have a __________ (平衡的) diet. 30．The ________ (气候) here is neither too dry nor too wet, making it suitable for the growth of this plant. 31．Caroline missed the train due to the bad weather. ________ (因此), she was late for the meeting. 32．Trees take in ________ (有害的) gases from the air and produce oxygen for us to breathe. 33．Follow the boy, please! He can ________ (领路) you to the office. 34．Many people ________ (围绕) Jack care about him, like his parents and teachers. 35．English people usually start with the ________ (话题) of the weather. 三、单项选择 36．—I hope you ________ me with some information about the trip. —Sure. I’ll ________ you the most specific route about it. A．to provide; offer B．to offer; provide C．provide; offer D．offer; provide 37．—What’s wrong with the river? —It ________ by some factories. The water is dirty. A．polluted B．was polluted C．has polluted D．is polluted 38．I don’t like lions because they are dangerous and may ________ other animals. A．save B．kill C．forget D．see 39．________, I forgot my friend’s birthday and didn’t prepare any gifts. A．Sadly B．Especially C．Easily D．Luckily 40．It is hard for us to ________ all the new information on the Internet. A．take in B．take action C．take off D．take up 41．—Staying up late too often is really harmful to health. —________. I started having headaches last week because I kept working until midnight. A．That’s all right B．For sure C．You said it D．Not at all 42．________ visitors come to Taihu Lake every year to enjoy the ________ beauty. A．Millions of; nature B．Million; natural C．Two million; natural D．Two million of; nature 43．— Look! The ants are busy carrying seeds into their hole one by one. — It’s getting colder. They’re trying to ________ food for the long winter. A．exchange B．store C．offer D．describe 44．You can see that culture differences can ________ misunderstanding between the British and the Chinese. A．happen B．cause C．prevent D．require 45．—Didn’t you notice the ________? It is dangerous to stay under the tree. —I won’t do that again. Sometimes it hits a tree and causes a fire too. A．lightning B．thunder C．snowstorm D．flood 46．—Our library has a self-service borrowing and returning ________, so we don’t need to wait for librarians. —That’s good news for students who come to read after class. A．knowledge B．system C．course D．memory 47．—What do you do with the problem? —Let’s face it with an open heart. Maybe time will ________ it. A．guide B．touch C．solve D．pretend 48．The club members use AI to study weather conditions. This helps_________ a better understanding of climate change. A．lead to B．focus on C．set up D．put out 49．To protect the earth, we should ________ a friendly relationship between humans and wildlife. A．break B．connect C．express D．create 50．—Why do you choose this kind of e-car? —Because it is much cheaper. _________, it saves much energy. A．Moreover B．However C．Instead D．Otherwise 51．As we all know, an unbalanced diet will ________ some health problems. A．work out B．deal with C．lead to D．write down 52．Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly with heavier ________. A．rainfall B．weight C．attention D．growth 53．—Food waste has been a serious problem in our school. —That’s right. We should do something to help ________ it. A．solve B．plan C．answer D．decide 54．Gina is my cousin, she is my good friend. A．well B．and C．but D．for 55．Bill is a true friend, ________ I didn’t like him at the _________. A．but, beginning B．or, end C．and, end D．and, beginning 56．When you see lightning, you should stay ________ tall trees. A．away from B．close to C．next to D．along with 57．—What ________ to the old temple in the storm? —It was destroyed completely. A．was happened B．is happening C．happened D．happens 58．Only through international cooperation ________ address the global climate crisis. A．we can B．can we C．we will D．will we 59．________ we take immediate action to reduce pollution, the planet will become increasingly uninhabitable. A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Although 60．—I’m really concerned about the plastic pollution in our oceans. —________. We all need to take action to reduce our plastic use. A．That’s not the point B．I couldn’t agree more C．Don’t worry about it D．That’s too bad 四、完成句子 61．这条狭窄的小路通向山脚下的一个小村庄，那里的人们过着宁静的生活。 This narrow path ________ ________ a small village at the foot of the mountain, where people live a quiet life. 62．当地政府决定建立一个新的自然保护区，以保护该地区的濒危鸟类。 The local government decided ________ ________ ________ a new nature reserve to protect the endangered birds in this area. 63．鸟儿们四处飞翔，欢快地歌唱。 The birds ________ ________ and sing with joy. 64．医生告诉了我冬天该怎么预防流感。 The doctor told me what I should do _________ _________ the flu in winter. 65．对我们来说，保持工作和生活之间的平衡很重要，否则我们很容易精疲力竭。 It’s important for us ________ ________ ________ ________ between work and life, otherwise we may get burned out easily. 66．传统工艺在保护文化遗产方面扮演着重要角色，所以我们应该支持当地工匠。 Traditional crafts ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in preserving cultural heritage, so we should support local artisans. 67．世界上一半的动植物都生活在雨林中。 __________ __________ the world’s animals and plants __________ __________ rainforests. 68．海洋为很多动物提供食物，产生氧气并储存来自太阳的热量。 Oceans __________ __________ __________ many animals, __________ oxygen and __________ heat from the sun. 69．互联网与我们的日常生活联系在一起。 The Internet ________ ________ ________ our daily life. 70．去除这些化学物质要花几年时间。 It will take years ________ ________ ________ ________ these chemicals. 五、选词填空 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。 get rid of   be connected with     take action       live on      on average as a result   not take off    wolf        divide…into…  five 71． work as a group, I like their team spirit. 72．You had better your coat if you don’t want to have a cold. 73．The four of the tourists come here to take photos. 74．We plant more trees pollution and make air clean. 75． to help the rare animals is a good way to protect them. 76． , the students in our school read about five books every month. 77．Lily gets up late every morning. , she is always late for school. 78．Grandma raises a sheep in the back yard. It grass and vegetables. 79．Last term, Mike’s great progress (进步) in English his habit of watching English movies every weekend. 80．—Our headteacher us 8 groups over again after this exam. —I hope to sit forward. 参考答案 一、 1．environmentalist 【解析】句意：她是一位热忱的环保主义者，倡导可持续做法。句中“a passionate”为“不定冠词+形容词”结构，后面需要接单数名词，结合主语“She”可知，空格处缺少表示身份类的名词。environment表示“环境”，名词environmentalist意为“环保主义者”，符合句意。 2．plays 【解析】句意：每个生态系统在保持平衡方面都发挥着重要作用。句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语“Each ecosystem”（每个生态系统）是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。play的第三人称单数为plays。 3．will share 【解析】句意：一旦我们队赢了比赛，我们会立刻和老师们分享这个好消息。分析句子可知，once引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，空格所在句是主句，用一般将来时，应填will share。 4．balanced 【解析】句意：妈妈每天搭配各色蔬果，让我们的三餐营养均衡。make+宾语+宾语补足语，表示“使某物变得……”。balance是名词/动词，变为形容词balanced，意为“均衡的、平衡的”。 5． Sadly 【解析】句意：令人遗憾的是，我们没有赢得篮球比赛，但我们从比赛中学到了很多。句中逗号后是完整的主句，此处需要填入一个副词作状语，修饰整个句子。“sad”是形容词，其副词形式是“sadly”，意为“遗憾地；悲伤地”，位于句首，首字母需大写。 6．to solve 【解析】句意：父母的爱鼓励我们解决生活中的困难。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to solve。 7．sandy 【解析】句意：道路是沙质的并且难以驾驶。此处用形容词作表语，sandy意为“多沙的”，形容词。故填sandy。 8．noisy 【解析】句意：临街的那所房子很吵。我们不想住在那里。根据“is”结合提示词可知，此处应用noisy“嘈杂的”，形容词作表语。故填noisy。 9．Knowledge 【解析】句意：知识就是力量，不断学习有助于我们在生活中成长和成功。根据“is power, and continuous learning helps us to grow and succeed in life.”和常识可知，知识就是力量，空处作主语，需用名词knowledge，意为“知识”。故填Knowledge。 10．is leading 【解析】句意：——中国的高铁技术正在引领着世界。——那是真的。在过去几年中已经飞速发展了。根据now可知，此处应用现在进行时，结构为be+doing，主语为不可数名词，be用is。故填is leading。 11．to prevent 【解析】句意：为了防止事故发生，他开得很慢。prevent the accident意为“防止事故”，drove very slowly意为“开得很慢”，“开得很慢”目的是“防止事故”，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to prevent。 12．trapped 【解析】句意：因为突如其来的暴风雪，所有的游客都被困在了山顶上。trap“陷入困境”，是一个动词。根据句意可知，该句主语“All the visitors”与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态be+过去分词。故填trapped。 13．creative 【解析】句意：这个男孩总能想出有创意的主意。create“创造”，是动词，此处需使用其形容词形式creative“有创造力的”修饰后面的名词，故填creative。 14．includes 【解析】句意：这本书包含50幅地图，且其中6幅是关于北美洲的。句中缺少谓语动词，结合“are”可知用一般现在时，主语“The book”后接动词第三人称单数形式。故填includes。 15．polluted 【解析】句意：在一些城市里，被污染的空气让人们难以呼吸。pollute“污染”是动词，句中“air”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，pollute的形容词形式是polluted，意为“受污染的”，用来描述空气已被污染的状态，符合语境。 16．shook 【解析】句意：他用力摇晃瓶子，想看看里面有没有水。句中“there was any water inside”使用了一般过去时，提示整个动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。shake的过去式为不规则变化，故填shook。 17．rises 【解析】句意：当太阳升起时，小镇安静地苏醒。此处描述经常性的情况，是一般现在时，主语the sun是三单，谓语动词用三单形式。故填rises。 18．to provide 【解析】句意：你真好，为我提供这么多有用的信息。固定句型It’s nice of sb. to do sth.，意为“某人做某事真好”，应填to provide。 19．importance 【解析】句意：我们应该懂得团队合作的重要性。定冠词the后面接名词，important的名词形式是importance。 20．terribly 【解析】句意：当大暴雨袭击这个小镇的时候，成千上万的房屋被严重毁坏了。terrible糟糕的，此处修饰动词damaged，修饰动词用副词形式。terribly“很严重地”。故填terribly。 二、 21．government 【解析】句意：地方政府为野生动物建立了一个新的自然保护区。句中“local”是形容词，后面需要接名词，括号内中文“政府”对应的英文名词是government。 22．danger 【解析】句意：很多动物处于危险之中，因为它们的栖息地正在缩小。固定短语in danger意为“处于危险中”；danger意为“危险”，作介词in的宾语。 23．environment 【解析】句意：如果我们不停止污染这条河流，环境将会变得更糟。定冠词the后需接名词作主语，“环境”对应的英文单词是environment，为不可数名词。 24．gently 【解析】句意：当秋天来临，树叶变红并轻柔地落到地面上。括号内中文提示“轻柔地”对应副词gently，用于修饰动词fall，符合语法和语境，故填gently。 25．hold 【解析】句意：这些学校常在儿童节举办各类活动，为学生们带去欢乐与喜悦。此处需要填入表示“举行”的英文单词，常用的对应表达是hold。句子主语These schools是复数形式，且根据频度副词often可知句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形即可，hold activities是常用搭配，意为“举行活动”，符合语境。 26． leaves 【解析】句意：地上的落叶让秋日里的道路呈现出一派金黄的景象。此处需要填写表示“树叶”的英文单词，“leaf”是可数名词，根据句中“The fallen”以及语境表达的“地上的落叶”这一复数概念，需要使用其复数形式leaves。 27．cover 【解析】句意：这本小说的封面非常吸引人且色彩丰富。“封面”的英语单词是cover，为可数名词。根据谓语动词is可知，主语应为单数形式，故填cover。 28．to store 【解析】句意：看！松鼠在树枝间跳跃。下雪前它该贮存食物了。固定句型It’s time for sb. to do sth.意为“到某人做某事的时间了”，此处需要用不定式；“贮存”动词为store，填to store。 29．balanced 【解析】句意：吃太多快餐对我们有害，所以最好保持饮食均衡。平衡的：balanced，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词diet。故填balanced。 30．climate 【解析】句意：这里的气候既不太干也不太湿，很适合这种植物生长。空格前有定冠词The，后面系动词为is，需要填入表示 “气候” 的单数名词climate。 31．Therefore 【解析】句意：由于天气不好，Caroline没赶上火车。因此，她开会迟到了。根据汉语提示“因此”及空后的逗号可知，此处用therefore表示“因此”，副词。句首单词首字母大写。故填Therefore。 32．harmful 【解析】句意：树木从空气中吸收有害的气体，并产生氧气供我们呼吸。根据句子和中文提示可知，“有害的”是修饰气体的，“harmful”是形容词，意为“有害的”，符合题意。故填harmful。 33．lead 【解析】句意：请跟着这个男孩！他能领你带到办公室。根据“Follow the boy, please! He can...you to the office.”以及汉语提示可知，这里需要一个动词表示“领路”的意思，lead有“带领、引导”的含义，在情态动词can后面要用动词原形。故填lead。 34．around 【解析】句意：Jack身边的很多人都很关心他，像他的父母和老师。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处用介词around“围绕”，表示Jack身边的人。故填around。 35．topic 【解析】句意：英国人通常以天气话题开始。话题：topic，名词。故填topic。 三、 36．C 【解析】句意：——我希望你能给我提供一些关于这次旅行的信息。——没问题，我会为你提供最具体的路线。 provide提供；offer主动提供。根据固定搭配，“provide sb. with sth.”表示“为某人提供某物”，第一空后搭配介词with，选用provide；“offer sb. sth.”表示“向某人提供某物”，第二空后直接接人作宾语，选用offer；hope不能接sb. to do sth.，后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词常用一般现在时或将来时，因此两空依次填provide、offer。故选C。 37．D 【解析】句意：——这条河怎么了？——它被一些工厂污染了。水很脏。 根据问句“What’s wrong with the river?”以及后文的“The water is dirty.”中的系动词均使用一般现在时可知，本句描述的是当下的客观状态。主语“It”指代单数名词“the river”，与动词“pollute”之间是被动关系，即河流被工厂污染，因此必须使用一般现在时的被动语态形式“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语为It，应填is polluted。 38．B 【解析】句意：我不喜欢狮子，因为它们很危险并且可能杀死其他动物。 save拯救；kill杀死；forget忘记；see看见。根据上文“they are dangerous”可知，狮子具有危险性，会对其他动物造成伤害，符合语境的是kill。 39．A 【解析】句意：遗憾的是，我忘记了我朋友的生日，没有准备任何礼物。 Sadly伤心地，遗憾地；Especially特别地；Easily容易地；Luckily幸运地。根据“I forgot my friend’s birthday and didn’t prepare any gifts.”可知，忘记朋友生日且没准备礼物是一件令人遗憾的事情，Sadly符合语境。 40．A 【解析】句意：对我们来说，吸收互联网上的所有新信息是很难的。 take in吸收/理解；take action采取行动；take off起飞/脱下；take up占据/开始从事。根据“all the new information”可知，此处指“吸收”或“理解”信息，take in符合语境。 41．C 【解析】句意：——经常熬夜真的对健康有害。——你说对了。我上周开始头疼，因为我一直工作到午夜。 That’s all right没关系/不客气，常用于回应道歉或感谢；For sure当然，多用来确认事情的可能性；You said it你说得没错，强调对对方观点的强烈认同和共鸣；Not at all不客气，常用于回应感谢。根据答语后句“I started having headaches last week because I kept working until midnight”可知，说话者用自己熬夜头疼的亲身经历，认同对方的观点，应填You said it。 42．C 【解析】句意：每年有两百万游客来太湖享受自然美景。 Millions of; nature：Millions of数百万的；Million百万；Two million两百万；Two million of错误用法；nature自然；natural自然的。million前有具体数字时用单数且不加of，表示概数时用Millions of，排除B、D；修饰名词beauty需用形容词natural，排除A。故选C。 43．B 【解析】句意：——看！蚂蚁们正忙着把种子一颗颗搬进洞里。——天气变冷了。它们正试图为漫长的冬天储存食物。 exchange交换；store储存；offer提供；describe描述。根据“The ants are busy carrying seeds into their hole”及“for the long winter”可知，蚂蚁搬种子是为了过冬储备粮食，store符合语境。 44．B 【解析】句意：你可以看到文化差异会导致英国人和中国人之间的误解。 happen发生；cause导致、引起；prevent防止；require要求。根据语境，“文化差异”与“误解”之间是因果关系，应填cause。 45．A 【解析】句意：——你没注意到闪电吗？待在树下很危险。——我不会再那样做了。有时它击中树木还会引发火灾。   lightning闪电；thunder雷声；snowstorm暴风雪；flood洪水。根据后句“It is dangerous to stay under the tree”及“hits a tree and causes a fire”可知，能击中树木并引发火灾的是闪电，应填lightning。 46．B 【解析】句意：——我们图书馆有一个自助借还系统，所以我们不需要等待图书管理员。——这对课后来看书的学生来说是好消息。 knowledge知识；system系统；course课程；memory记忆。根据“self-service borrowing and returning”及“don't need to wait for librarians”可知，此处指无需人工操作的自助“系统”。应填system。 47．C 【解析】句意：——你怎么处理这个问题？——让我们敞开心扉面对它。也许时间会解决它。 guide引导；touch触摸；solve解决；pretend假装。根据“What do you do with the problem?”可知是在讨论如何处理问题，结合语境可知此处指希望时间能解决问题，solve符合题意。 48．A 【解析】句意：俱乐部成员利用人工智能研究天气状况。这有助于更好地理解气候变化。 lead to导致/有助于；focus on专注于；set up建立；put out扑灭。根据题干“This helps _________ a better understanding”可知，研究天气状况有助于更好地理解气候变化，lead to是动词短语，意为“导致/有助于”，后接名词短语，符合句意，应填lead to。 49．D 【解析】句意：为了保护地球，我们应该创建人类与野生动物之间的友好关系。 考查动词辨析。break打破；connect连接；express表达；create创建。根据“To protect the earth,”可知，保护地球需要创建友好关系。故选D。 50．A 【解析】句意：——你为什么选择这种电动车？——因为它更便宜。此外，它节省很多能源。 考查副词辨析。Moreover此外；However然而；Instead反而；Otherwise否则。根据对话，第二个说话者在给出“更便宜”这一原因后，补充另一个优点“节省能源”，两者为并列补充关系，需用表示添加信息的副词“Moreover”。故选A。 51．C 【解析】句意：众所周知，不均衡的饮食会导致一些健康问题。 考查动词短语辨析。work out解决；deal with处理；lead to导致；write down写下。根据句意，不均衡的饮食与健康问题之间是因果关系，需填入表示“导致”的动词短语，故选C。 52．A 【解析】句意：立夏，或夏天的开始，是一个气温快速上升并伴随着更大的降雨量的时节。 考查名词辨析。rainfall降雨量；weight重量；attention注意力；growth生长。根据常识，立夏时节气温升高，常伴随降雨增多，因此“heavier rainfall”符合语境。故选A。 53．A 【解析】句意：——食物浪费在我们学校一直是一个严重的问题。——没错。我们应该做一些事情来帮助解决它。 考查动词辨析。solve解决；plan计划；answer回答；decide决定。根据“Food waste has been a serious problem in our school.”及“We should do something to help…it.”可知，此处表达食物浪费是一个问题，需要“解决”。故选A。 54．B 【解析】句意：吉娜是我的表妹，她是我的好朋友。 考查连词辨析。well好地，副词；and和，表并列；but但是，表转折；for为了，表目的。本题Gina和she指的是同一人，前后是并列关系，需用and连接；根据句意语境，可知选B。 55．A 【解析】句意：比尔是一个真正的朋友，但是在一开始我不喜欢他。 but但是；or或者；and和，并且；end尽头，结尾；beginning开始。“Bill is a true friend”与“I didn’t like him”语义上是转折关系，故第一空用but连接，第二空是说“开始不喜欢他”，是固定短语at the beginning“在开始”。 56．A 【解析】句意：当你看到闪电时，你应该远离高大的树木。 away from远离；close to靠近；next to紧邻；along with连同……一起。根据“When you see lightning”及安全常识可知，雷雨天气看到闪电时，为了避免雷击危险，应该远离高大树木。 57．C 【解析】句意：——暴风雨中那座古庙发生了什么？——它被完全摧毁了。 根据答语“It was destroyed completely.”中的was可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。 58．B 【解析】句意：只有通过国际合作，我们才能解决全球气候危机。 we can我们能够；can we我们才能；we will我们将会；will we我们将会。当“Only + 状语”位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装结构，即将情态动词或助动词置于主语之前，排除未倒装的选项A和选项C；根据句意表示“能够”，应填can we。 59．B 【解析】句意：除非我们立即采取行动减少污染，否则地球将变得越来越不适合居住。 If如果；Unless除非；Because因为；Although虽然。根据后半句“地球将变得越来越不适合居住”可知，这是不采取行动的后果，Unless意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境逻辑。故选B。 60．B 【解析】句意：——我真的很担心我们海洋里的塑料污染。——我完全同意。我们都需要采取行动减少塑料的使用。 That’s not the point那不是重点；I couldn’t agree more我完全同意；Don’t worry about it别担心；That’s too bad那太糟糕了。根据答语后句“We all need to take action to reduce our plastic use.”可知，说话者认同对方关于塑料污染的观点，并表示需要采取行动，I couldn’t agree more符合语境。 四、 61． leads to 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“通向”。“通向”译为“lead to”。主语“This narrow path”是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，故动词用第三人称单数形式“leads”。故填leads；to。 62． to set up 【解析】根据句意可知，此处表示“决定做某事”，用“decide to do sth.”结构，“建立”常见表达为“set up”，所以此处应填“to set up” ，表示“决定建立一个……”。故填to；set；up。 63． fly around 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“四处飞翔”，“四处”around，“飞翔”fly，用fly around表示“四处飞翔”；结合“sing”可知用一般现在时，主语“The birds”后接动词原形。故填fly；around。 64． to prevent 【解析】结合句意和语境可知，句中“should do”表示“应该做”，后面需要接不定式来表示做某事的目的，即“做什么的目的是预防流感”。“预防”对应的英文单词是“prevent”，所以此处应填入“to prevent”，构成不定式结构“to prevent the flu”作目的状语。故填to；prevent。 65． to keep the balance 【解析】结合中英文提示及空格数可知，此处缺“保持平衡”，其对应的英文表达为“keep the balance (between…)”，且该句中it为形式主语，空处应用其对应的不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to；keep；the；balance。 66． have an important role to play 【解析】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺“扮演重要作用”，其对应的英文表达为“play an important role (in)”或“have an important role to play”，为动词短语，再结合空格数及语境可知，该句应用“have an important role to play”作谓语，意为“拥有一个发挥的重要角色”，强调责任或潜在作用，且该句时态为一般现在时，主语“Traditional crafts”为第三人称复数形式，应用have的动词原形作谓语。故填have；an；important；role；to；play。 67． Half of live in 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“一半的……”和“生活在”。half of“一半的……”，句首首字母要大写；live in“居住在”，后接地点，句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语是animals and plants ，所以谓语用动词原形。故填Half；of；live；in。 68． provide food for produce store 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“为……提供食物”，“产生”，“储存”。“为……提供食物”用固定短语“provide food for”表达；“产生”对应动词“produce”；“储存”对应动词“store”。主语“Oceans”是复数，句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。故填provide；food；for；produce；store。 69． is connected with 【解析】原句中“与……联系在一起”是关键词，对应英语短语connect…with…。主语“The Internet”与动词“connect”之间是被动关系（被联系），需使用被动语态（be + 过去分词）。陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语“The Internet”是第三人称单数，be动词用is；connect的过去分词是connected。 70． to get rid of 【解析】原句中“去除”是关键词：本题使用固定句型It takes+时间段+to do sth.，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，因此①处填不定式符号to；“去除”在英语中对应固定短语get rid of，结合句型要求，完整填入to get rid of。 五、 71．Wolves 72．not take off 73．fifths 74．to get rid of 75．Taking action 76．On average 77．As a result 78．lives on 79．was connected with 80． will divide into 【解析】71．句意：狼群体活动，我喜欢他们的团队精神。空处缺少主语，结合备选词可知，应用名词wolf，谓语动词work是原形，句子时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，故wolf变复数wolves，句首首字母要大写。 72．句意：如果你不想感冒，你最好不要脱外套。不想感冒的话，最好不要脱掉外套，应用not take off，had better not do是固定结构，表示“最好不做”。 73．句意：五分之四的游客来这里拍照。此处表示游客的数量，使用的是分数形式，分子four大于1，分母用序数词复数，备选词中five序数词为fifth，复数为fifths，four fifths表示“五分之四”。 74．句意：我们种更多的树来摆脱污染，使空气清洁。种树的目的是消除污染，备选词中get rid of意为“摆脱，消除”，符合语境，表目的用不定式。 75．句意：采取行动帮助珍稀动物是保护它们的好方法。“... to help the rare animals”是句子的主语，保护动物要采取行动，备选词中take action意为“采取行动”，作主语应用动名词形式，句首首字母要大写。 76．句意：平均而言，我们学校的学生每个月读五本书。“the students in our school read about five books every month”描述的是学生们每月读书的平均情况，备选词中on average表示“平均来看，平均而言”，符合语境，句首首字母要大写。 77．句意：莉莉每天早上起得很晚。结果，她上学总是迟到。起床晚是原因，迟到是结果，表示因果关系用as a result，句首首字母要大写。 78．句意：奶奶在后院里养了一只羊。它以草和蔬菜为食。草和蔬菜是羊的食物，此处表示“以……为食”，用短语live on，句子时态为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，动词live用三单形式。 79．句意：上学期，迈克在英语上的巨大进步与他每个周末看英语电影的习惯有关。英语进步与看英语电影有关，备选词中be connected with“和……相关”符合语境，时间状语Last term表过去，用一般过去时，主语progress是不可数名词，be动词用was。 80．句意：——这次考试后，班主任要把我们重新分成8组。——我希望向前坐。根据“... us ... 8 groups”可知，此处指把我们分成8个小组，备选词中divide ... into ...表示“把……分成……”，分组是考试后将要发生的动作，用一般将来时。 一、选词填空 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 everything  something  childhood  of  perfect  collected succeeded  thousands  through  so  whether  regarded You can learn a lot about a city by the trash (垃圾) in it. No one understands this better than Nelson Molina. “I didn’t have money for toys in my 1 . I often picked toys out of the trash and 2 them as treasures,” Nelson explained. The old habit stayed with Nelson. When he worked as a cleaner in New York City, he did the similar thing. He found that 3 of things shouldn’t be trash. Nelson began to keep the useful trash. He wanted to put the old but lovely objects in a place. He finally 4 in setting up a museum named “Treasures in the Trash”. Nelson’s museum was cool. Some visitors even asked Nelson 5 they could buy the objects in it. Day after day, he 6 toys, records, books and so on. There were 45,000 things or 7 in the museum when Nicolas Heller a film-maker, went to visit Nelson. According to a report, 77 percent 8 the trash in New York City could be used again. To let more people realize the fact, Heller made a short film about Nelson. He wanted to introduce the 9 example to people. “Treasures in the Trash” tells the stories of the city and local (当地的) people, because the things people leave behind can reflect (反映) how their lives are changing. Also, the museum has reminded people that before they throw 10 out, think about where it should stay. 【答案】 1．childhood 2．regarded 3．thousands 4．succeeded 5．whether 6．collected 7．so 8．of 9．perfect 10．everything 【解析】本文主要讲述了Nelson Molina通过收集垃圾中的有用物品并建立博物馆，向人们展示垃圾中也有宝藏，提醒人们重新思考垃圾处理方式的故事。 1．句意：“在我的童年，我没有钱买玩具，我经常从垃圾中挑选玩具，并把它们当作珍宝。”根据“I didn't have money for toys”可知，此处描述的是小时候没有钱买玩具，所以从垃圾中捡玩具，in one's childhood表示“在某人的童年时期”。故填childhood。 2．句意：“在我的童年，我没有钱买玩具，我经常从垃圾中挑选玩具，并把它们当作珍宝。”根据“as treasures”可知，此处表示把玩具当作珍宝，regard...as...表示“把……当作……”，根据“picked”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填regarded。 3．句意：他发现成千上万的东西不应该是垃圾。根据“of things shouldn't be trash”可知，此处指很多东西不应该是垃圾，thousands of表示“成千上万的”。故填thousands。 4．句意：他最终成功地建立了一个名为“垃圾中的宝藏”的博物馆。根据“in setting up a museum”可知，此处表示成功建立了博物馆，succeed in doing sth表示“成功做某事”，根据“did”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填succeeded。 5．句意：一些游客甚至问Nelson他们是否可以购买博物馆里的物品。根据“they could buy the objects in it”可知，此处询问是否可以购买博物馆里的物品，whether表示“是否”。故填whether。 6．句意：日复一日，他收集了玩具、唱片、书籍等等。根据“toys, records, books and so on”可知，此处表示收集了这些东西，collect表示“收集”，根据“Day after day”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填collected。 7．句意：当电影制作人尼古拉斯·海勒去拜访尼尔森时，博物馆里有45000件物品或更多。根据“45,000 things or...”以及所给单词可知，此处是指45000件物品或更多，or so为固定搭配，表示“大约”，因此空处应填so。故填so。 8．句意：据报道，纽约市77%的垃圾可以再次使用。根据“77 percent...the trash”可知，此处表示垃圾的77%，percent of表示“……的百分之……”。故填of。 9．句意：他想向人们介绍这个完美的例子。根据“example to people”可知，此处需要一个形容词修饰名词example，perfect表示“完美的”，符合语境。故填perfect。 10．句意：此外，博物馆还提醒人们，在扔掉所有东西之前，要考虑一下它们应该放在哪里。根据“before they throw...out”可知，此处表示扔掉所有东西之前，everything表示“所有东西”。故填everything。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。 Paris will host the 2024 Olympic Games. Now the city is making full p 11 for the coming event. It is on the way of becoming a greener city. The government is making plans to create a car-free place in the city. The plan is expected to c 12 down half of daily car trips. People will find it e 13 to move. Other actions have already been put in place, such as increasing (增加) the n 14 of bike ways and pedestrian routes (人行道), and stopping cars from some main streets. But the Olympics are only the b 15 . Mayor (市长) Anne Hidalgo even wants to make the city more comfortable by a 16 more nature. Famous tourist spots (景点) such as the Eiffel Tower will also be turned into park areas before the 2024 Games. “We are trying to organize the event w 17 doing bad things to our environment,” says Anne Hidalgo. By 2026, Hidalgo promises to p 18 more than 170, 000 trees across the city, with trees to c 19 50 percent of the city. These actions will also improve the city’s environmental pollution. “We are sending an invitation to the French public and the whole world to join us on August 8th, 2024 for the o 20 of Olympic Games,” says the mayor. 【答案】 11．(p)reparations 12．(c)ut 13．(e)asier 14．(n)umber 15．(b)eginning 16．(a)dding 17．(w)ithout 18．(p)lant 19．(c)over 20．(o)pening 【解析】本文主要介绍了巴黎为迎接2024年奥运会做的准备。 11．句意：现在，该市正在为即将到来的活动做好充分准备。结合首字母，短语make preparations for sth表示“为某事做准备”，符合题意。故填(p)reparations。 12．句意：该计划预计将减少一半的日常汽车出行。根据“The government is making plans to create a car-free place in the city. ”可知政府正在制定计划，在该市建立一个无车场所。结合首字母，应用cut，短语cut down表示“减少”，to后接动词原形。故填(c)ut。 13．句意：人们会发现走动更容易。从前一句可知，计划减少一半的日常汽车出行，因此人们走动会更容易，结合首字母，应用easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。 14．句意：其他行动已经到位，例如增加自行车道和人行道的数量，以及从一些主要街道上拦截汽车。从前一句可知，计划减少一半的日常汽车出行，因此自行车道和人行道的数量会增加，结合首字母应用名词number表示“数量”。故填(n)umber。 15．句意：但奥运会只是一个开始。根据“Mayor (市长) Anne Hidalgo even wants to make the city more comfortable”可知市长安妮·伊达尔戈甚至想让这座城市更舒适，结合首字母，应用名词beginning表示“开始”。故填(b)eginning。 16．句意：市长安妮·伊达尔戈甚至希望通过增加更多的自然风光来使城市更加舒适。根据“Famous tourist spots (景点) such as the Eiffel Tower will also be turned into park areas”可知埃菲尔铁塔等著名旅游景点也将变成公园区，结合首字母，应用add表示“增加”，介词by后接动名词。故填(a)dding。 17．句意：我们正在努力组织这次活动，并且不会对我们的环境做坏事。根据“doing bad things to our environment”可知对我们的环境做坏事，结合首字母，应用介词without表示“没有”。故填(w)ithout。 18．句意：到2026年，伊达尔戈承诺在全市种植超过17万棵树。根据“more than 170, 000 trees”可知超过17万棵树，结合首字母，应用plant表示“种植”，to后接动词原形。故填(p)lant。 19．句意：树木覆盖了城市50%的面积。从前一句可知将种植超过17万棵树，结合首字母，应用cover表示“覆盖”，to后接动词原形。故填(c)over。 20．句意：我们邀请法国公众和全世界在2024年8月8日加入我们的奥运会开幕式。根据“join us on August 8th, 2024”可知是在2024年8月8日加入我们，结合首字母，应用opening表示“开幕式”。故填(o)pening。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei province, is a big, modern and beautiful city. But in the past, it faced serious environmental 21 . Many factories produced waste gas into the air and 22 serious air pollution. People had to wear masks (口罩) to keep healthy. The government took many 23 to protect the environment. On the one hand, they strictly 24 the number of highly polluting factories. Some old factories were closed (被关停) 25 . On the other hand, they asked some factories to use new and clean energy sources. They also required some factories to install new equipment (安装新设备) to 26 pollution. They also planted many trees and flowers along the streets. These plants not only made the city look more beautiful but also helped make the air clean. People in Shijiazhuang also played an important 27 in protecting the air. They chose to take the bus, walk or ride bikes to work 28 driving cars. They were 29 of their action because they thought they did their own part for the environment. They also had confidence that the environment in their city would become better 30 they worked together. As more and more people joined in, Shijiazhuang became a greener and cleaner city gradually. 21．A．symbols B．results C．services D．challenges 22．A．caused B．described C．prepared D．realised 23．A．steps B．effects C．purposes D．reasons 24．A．followed B．argued C．controlled D．greeted 25．A．freely B．easily C．usually D．completely 26．A．compare B．reduce C．introduce D．organise 27．A．role B．race C．research D．tie 28．A．according to B．instead of C．such as D．because of 29．A．tired B．careful C．afraid D．proud 30．A．until B．so C．if D．although 【答案】 21．D 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C 【解析】本文讲述石家庄市政府和市民共同努力，通过关闭污染工厂、绿色出行等措施改善环境，使城市变得更绿更清洁。 21．句意：但在过去，它面临严重的环境挑战。 根据“faced serious environmental”及后文污染描述，可知是面临挑战，challenges“挑战”，契合语境。symbols“象征”，results“结果”，services“服务”，均不符合城市遭遇污染问题的文意。 22．句意：许多工厂向空中排放废气，导致严重空气污染。 根据“produced waste gas”，可知排放废气导致污染，caused表示“造成、引发”，匹配因果逻辑。described“描述”，prepared“准备”，realised“意识到”，无法体现废气与污染的因果关系。 23．句意：政府采取了许多措施保护环境。 固定搭配“take steps”意为“采取措施”，对应后文关停工厂、推广清洁能源等一系列治理行为。 24．句意：他们严格控制高污染工厂的数量。 根据“protect the environment”，可知需控制高污染工厂的数量，controlled“控制”，符合治理污染的行政行为。followed“跟随”，argued“争辩”，greeted“问候”，和环境整治的内容无关。 25．句意：一些旧工厂被完全关停。 根据“closed”及环保力度，可知是完全关停不合格的老旧污染工厂。completely“完全地”，语义通顺合理。freely“自由地”，easily“轻易地”，usually“通常”，不符合关停工厂的治理力度。 26．句意：他们还要求一些工厂安装新设备以减少污染。 根据“protect the environment”，可知目的是减少污染。reduce“减少”，贴合设备的作用。compare“对比”，introduce“介绍、引进”，organise“组织”，不符合设备治理污染的功能。 27．句意：石家庄市民也在保护空气中发挥了重要作用。 固定搭配“play a role in”意为“发挥作用”，用来表述民众参与环保的价值。 28．句意：他们选择乘公交、步行或骑车上班，而不是开车。 乘坐公共交通、绿色出行是用来替代开车的方式，“instead of”表示“代替、而不是”，符合取舍关系。according to“根据”，such as“例如”，because of“由于”，逻辑关系不匹配。 29．句意：他们为自己的行动感到自豪，因为他们认为他们为环境尽了力。 根据“did their own part”，可知人们主动为环保出力，内心会产生自豪感，固定搭配“be proud of”表示“为……”骄傲。tired“疲惫的”，careful“细心的”，afraid“害怕的”，和民众奉献后的心理不符。 30．句意：他们也相信，如果大家齐心协力，他们城市的环境就会变得更好。 大家共同努力是环境改善的前提条件，if“如果”，引导条件状语从句，逻辑通顺。until“直到”，so“因此”，although“虽然”，无法体现条件关系。 $Unit 7 The natural world词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 要求：根据左侧中文及词性标注，写出对应的英文单词或短语 I.核心单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 珊瑚 n. ______________ 2. 礁；礁石 n. ______________ 3. 企鹅 n. ______________ 4. 生态系统 n. ______________ 5. 气候 n. ______________ 6. 湿地 n. ______________ 7. 包括 vt. ______________ 8. 非生物的 adj. ______________ 9. 池塘 n. ______________ 10. 大约 adv. ______________ 11. 容纳；拿着；举行 vt. ______________ 12. 返回，回去 vi. ______________ 13. 防止，阻止 vt. ______________ 14. 贮存 vt. ______________ 15. 海绵块 n. ______________ 16. 起作用；行动 vi. ______________ 17. 肾脏 n. ______________ 18. 二氧化碳 n. ______________ 19. 吸收；使落入险境 vt. ______________ 20. 有害的 adj. ______________ 21. 因此 adv. ______________ 22. 肺 n. ______________ 23. 不幸地；悲伤地 adv. ______________ 24. 吨 n. ______________ 25. 伤害，损害 vt. ______________ 26. 野生生物 n. ______________ 27. 话题 n. ______________ 28. 充满噪声的；吵闹的 adj. ______________ 29. 系统；体系 n. ______________ 30. 使发生，造成，导致 vt. ______________ 31. 损害，毁坏 vt. ______________ 32. 东北；东北方的；向东北方 n., adj. & adv. ______________ 33. 躲避处；罩子 n. ______________ 34. 稀罕的，珍贵的 adj. ______________ 35. 丹顶鹤 n. ______________ 36. 停留，逗留 n. ______________ 37. 白天 n. ______________ 38. 造成(后果) vi. ______________ 39. 创建，创造 vt. ______________ 40. 保持平衡的 adj. ______________ 41. 知识 n. ______________ 42. 废水 n. ______________ 43. 环保的，不损害环境的 adj. ______________ 44. 先生 n. ______________ 45. 女士 n. ______________ 46. 杀死 vt. & vi. ______________ 47. 解决；解答 vt. ______________ 48. 环境的 adj. ______________ 49. 泥，淤泥，泥浆 n. ______________ II.重点短语 1. 清除；摆脱 ______________ 2. (使)慢下来 ______________ 3. 相当多，不少 ______________ 4. 导致 ______________ 5. 建立 ______________ 6. 采取行动 ______________ 7. 在野外 ______________ 8. 自然保护区 ______________ 9. 减缓气候变化 ______________ 10. 保持生态平衡 ______________ 11. 吸收二氧化碳 ______________ 12. 储存热量 ______________ 13. 防止洪水 ______________ 14. 去除污染 ______________ 15. 提供食物和栖息地 ______________ 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 注：请根据括号内提示变换单词形式 1. climate (adj.) __________ 2. wetland (adj. 潮湿的) __________ 3. include (n.) __________ 4. harm (adj. 有害的) __________ 5. harm (adj. 无害的) __________ 6. act (n. 行动) __________ 7. create (n. 创造；创作) __________ 8. create (n. 创造物，作品) __________ 9. know (n. 知识) __________ 10. environment (adj. 环境的) __________ 11. environment (adj. 环保的) __________ 12. noise (adj. 吵闹的) __________ 13. rare (adv.) __________ 14. sad (adv.) __________ 15. prevent (n.) __________ 16. live (n. 野生生物) __________ 17. balance (adj. 平衡的) __________ 18. north-east (adj. 东北的，同原形) 副词：__________ 19. cause (n. 起因，原因，动词不变) 名词：__________ 20. damage (过去式/过去分词) __________ 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．She is a passionate ________ (environment) who advocates for sustainable practices. 2．Each ecosystem ________ (play) an important role in keeping the balance. 3．Once our team wins the competition, we ________ (share) the good news with our teachers right away. 4．Mum made our meals ________ (balance) by adding colourful fruits and vegetables every day. 5．________, we didn’t win the basketball match, but we learned a lot from the game. (sad) 6．Parents’ love encourages us ________ (solve) the difficulties in our lives. 7．The road was ________ (sand) and difficult to drive on. 8．The house next to the street is very ________ (noise). We don’t want to live there. 9．________ is power, and continuous learning helps us to grow and succeed in life. (know) 10．—China’s high-speed railway technology ________ (lead) the world now. —That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years. 11．He drove very slowly _________ (prevent) the accident. 12．All the visitors were ________ (trap) on the top of the mountain because of the sudden snowstorm. 13．The boy can always come up with ________ (create) ideas. 14．This book ________ (include) fifty maps and six of them are about North America. 15．The ________ (pollute) air makes it hard for people to breathe in some cities. 16．He ________ (shake) the bottle hard to see if there was any water inside. 17．As the sun ________ (rise), the small town wakes up quietly. 18．It’s really nice of you ________ (provide) so much useful information for me. 19．We should know the ________ (important) of teamwork. 20．When the heavy rain hit the small town,thousands of houses were ________ (terrible) damaged. 二、根据汉语提示填空 21．The local ________ (政府) has built a new nature reserve for wild animals. 22．Many animals are in ________ (危险) because their living areas are becoming smaller. 23．If we don’t stop polluting the river, the ________ (环境) will get worse. 24．When autumn comes, the leaves turn red and fall ________ (轻柔地) to the ground. 25．These schools often ________ (举行) activities on Children’s Day to bring fun and joy to students. 26．The fallen ________ (树叶) on the ground make the road take on a golden look in autumn. 27．The ________ (封面) of this novel is very attractive and colourful. 28．Look! The squirrel is jumping between branches. It’s time for it ________ (贮存) food before the snow comes. 29．Eating too much fast food is bad for us, so it’s better to have a __________ (平衡的) diet. 30．The ________ (气候) here is neither too dry nor too wet, making it suitable for the growth of this plant. 31．Caroline missed the train due to the bad weather. ________ (因此), she was late for the meeting. 32．Trees take in ________ (有害的) gases from the air and produce oxygen for us to breathe. 33．Follow the boy, please! He can ________ (领路) you to the office. 34．Many people ________ (围绕) Jack care about him, like his parents and teachers. 35．English people usually start with the ________ (话题) of the weather. 三、单项选择 36．—I hope you ________ me with some information about the trip. —Sure. I’ll ________ you the most specific route about it. A．to provide; offer B．to offer; provide C．provide; offer D．offer; provide 37．—What’s wrong with the river? —It ________ by some factories. The water is dirty. A．polluted B．was polluted C．has polluted D．is polluted 38．I don’t like lions because they are dangerous and may ________ other animals. A．save B．kill C．forget D．see 39．________, I forgot my friend’s birthday and didn’t prepare any gifts. A．Sadly B．Especially C．Easily D．Luckily 40．It is hard for us to ________ all the new information on the Internet. A．take in B．take action C．take off D．take up 41．—Staying up late too often is really harmful to health. —________. I started having headaches last week because I kept working until midnight. A．That’s all right B．For sure C．You said it D．Not at all 42．________ visitors come to Taihu Lake every year to enjoy the ________ beauty. A．Millions of; nature B．Million; natural C．Two million; natural D．Two million of; nature 43．— Look! The ants are busy carrying seeds into their hole one by one. — It’s getting colder. They’re trying to ________ food for the long winter. A．exchange B．store C．offer D．describe 44．You can see that culture differences can ________ misunderstanding between the British and the Chinese. A．happen B．cause C．prevent D．require 45．—Didn’t you notice the ________? It is dangerous to stay under the tree. —I won’t do that again. Sometimes it hits a tree and causes a fire too. A．lightning B．thunder C．snowstorm D．flood 46．—Our library has a self-service borrowing and returning ________, so we don’t need to wait for librarians. —That’s good news for students who come to read after class. A．knowledge B．system C．course D．memory 47．—What do you do with the problem? —Let’s face it with an open heart. Maybe time will ________ it. A．guide B．touch C．solve D．pretend 48．The club members use AI to study weather conditions. This helps_________ a better understanding of climate change. A．lead to B．focus on C．set up D．put out 49．To protect the earth, we should ________ a friendly relationship between humans and wildlife. A．break B．connect C．express D．create 50．—Why do you choose this kind of e-car? —Because it is much cheaper. _________, it saves much energy. A．Moreover B．However C．Instead D．Otherwise 51．As we all know, an unbalanced diet will ________ some health problems. A．work out B．deal with C．lead to D．write down 52．Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly with heavier ________. A．rainfall B．weight C．attention D．growth 53．—Food waste has been a serious problem in our school. —That’s right. We should do something to help ________ it. A．solve B．plan C．answer D．decide 54．Gina is my cousin, she is my good friend. A．well B．and C．but D．for 55．Bill is a true friend, ________ I didn’t like him at the _________. A．but, beginning B．or, end C．and, end D．and, beginning 56．When you see lightning, you should stay ________ tall trees. A．away from B．close to C．next to D．along with 57．—What ________ to the old temple in the storm? —It was destroyed completely. A．was happened B．is happening C．happened D．happens 58．Only through international cooperation ________ address the global climate crisis. A．we can B．can we C．we will D．will we 59．________ we take immediate action to reduce pollution, the planet will become increasingly uninhabitable. A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Although 60．—I’m really concerned about the plastic pollution in our oceans. —________. We all need to take action to reduce our plastic use. A．That’s not the point B．I couldn’t agree more C．Don’t worry about it D．That’s too bad 四、完成句子 61．这条狭窄的小路通向山脚下的一个小村庄，那里的人们过着宁静的生活。 This narrow path ________ ________ a small village at the foot of the mountain, where people live a quiet life. 62．当地政府决定建立一个新的自然保护区，以保护该地区的濒危鸟类。 The local government decided ________ ________ ________ a new nature reserve to protect the endangered birds in this area. 63．鸟儿们四处飞翔，欢快地歌唱。 The birds ________ ________ and sing with joy. 64．医生告诉了我冬天该怎么预防流感。 The doctor told me what I should do _________ _________ the flu in winter. 65．对我们来说，保持工作和生活之间的平衡很重要，否则我们很容易精疲力竭。 It’s important for us ________ ________ ________ ________ between work and life, otherwise we may get burned out easily. 66．传统工艺在保护文化遗产方面扮演着重要角色，所以我们应该支持当地工匠。 Traditional crafts ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in preserving cultural heritage, so we should support local artisans. 67．世界上一半的动植物都生活在雨林中。 __________ __________ the world’s animals and plants __________ __________ rainforests. 68．海洋为很多动物提供食物，产生氧气并储存来自太阳的热量。 Oceans __________ __________ __________ many animals, __________ oxygen and __________ heat from the sun. 69．互联网与我们的日常生活联系在一起。 The Internet ________ ________ ________ our daily life. 70．去除这些化学物质要花几年时间。 It will take years ________ ________ ________ ________ these chemicals. 五、选词填空 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。 get rid of   be connected with     take action       live on      on average as a result   not take off    wolf        divide…into…  five 71． work as a group, I like their team spirit. 72．You had better your coat if you don’t want to have a cold. 73．The four of the tourists come here to take photos. 74．We plant more trees pollution and make air clean. 75． to help the rare animals is a good way to protect them. 76． , the students in our school read about five books every month. 77．Lily gets up late every morning. , she is always late for school. 78．Grandma raises a sheep in the back yard. It grass and vegetables. 79．Last term, Mike’s great progress (进步) in English his habit of watching English movies every weekend. 80．—Our headteacher us 8 groups over again after this exam. —I hope to sit forward. 一、选词填空 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 everything  something  childhood  of  perfect  collected succeeded  thousands  through  so  whether  regarded You can learn a lot about a city by the trash (垃圾) in it. No one understands this better than Nelson Molina. “I didn’t have money for toys in my 1 . I often picked toys out of the trash and 2 them as treasures,” Nelson explained. The old habit stayed with Nelson. When he worked as a cleaner in New York City, he did the similar thing. He found that 3 of things shouldn’t be trash. Nelson began to keep the useful trash. He wanted to put the old but lovely objects in a place. He finally 4 in setting up a museum named “Treasures in the Trash”. Nelson’s museum was cool. Some visitors even asked Nelson 5 they could buy the objects in it. Day after day, he 6 toys, records, books and so on. There were 45,000 things or 7 in the museum when Nicolas Heller a film-maker, went to visit Nelson. According to a report, 77 percent 8 the trash in New York City could be used again. To let more people realize the fact, Heller made a short film about Nelson. He wanted to introduce the 9 example to people. “Treasures in the Trash” tells the stories of the city and local (当地的) people, because the things people leave behind can reflect (反映) how their lives are changing. Also, the museum has reminded people that before they throw 10 out, think about where it should stay. 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。 Paris will host the 2024 Olympic Games. Now the city is making full p 11 for the coming event. It is on the way of becoming a greener city. The government is making plans to create a car-free place in the city. The plan is expected to c 12 down half of daily car trips. People will find it e 13 to move. Other actions have already been put in place, such as increasing (增加) the n 14 of bike ways and pedestrian routes (人行道), and stopping cars from some main streets. But the Olympics are only the b 15 . Mayor (市长) Anne Hidalgo even wants to make the city more comfortable by a 16 more nature. Famous tourist spots (景点) such as the Eiffel Tower will also be turned into park areas before the 2024 Games. “We are trying to organize the event w 17 doing bad things to our environment,” says Anne Hidalgo. By 2026, Hidalgo promises to p 18 more than 170, 000 trees across the city, with trees to c 19 50 percent of the city. These actions will also improve the city’s environmental pollution. “We are sending an invitation to the French public and the whole world to join us on August 8th, 2024 for the o 20 of Olympic Games,” says the mayor. 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei province, is a big, modern and beautiful city. But in the past, it faced serious environmental 21 . Many factories produced waste gas into the air and 22 serious air pollution. People had to wear masks (口罩) to keep healthy. The government took many 23 to protect the environment. On the one hand, they strictly 24 the number of highly polluting factories. Some old factories were closed (被关停) 25 . On the other hand, they asked some factories to use new and clean energy sources. They also required some factories to install new equipment (安装新设备) to 26 pollution. They also planted many trees and flowers along the streets. These plants not only made the city look more beautiful but also helped make the air clean. People in Shijiazhuang also played an important 27 in protecting the air. They chose to take the bus, walk or ride bikes to work 28 driving cars. They were 29 of their action because they thought they did their own part for the environment. They also had confidence that the environment in their city would become better 30 they worked together. As more and more people joined in, Shijiazhuang became a greener and cleaner city gradually. 21．A．symbols B．results C．services D．challenges 22．A．caused B．described C．prepared D．realised 23．A．steps B．effects C．purposes D．reasons 24．A．followed B．argued C．controlled D．greeted 25．A．freely B．easily C．usually D．completely 26．A．compare B．reduce C．introduce D．organise 27．A．role B．race C．research D．tie 28．A．according to B．instead of C．such as D．because of 29．A．tired B．careful C．afraid D．proud 30．A．until B．so C．if D．although $