Unit 6 Mountains and rivers（重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制七年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“山和河流”主题词汇，通过基础记忆-语境应用-语篇综合三级递进训练，系统提升词汇理解与运用能力，培养语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|汉译英（18词+8短语）、词汇拓展（10题）|考查单词拼写、词性转换，夯实词汇基础|从核心词汇（山、河等）到派生词汇（如mountain→mountainous），构建词汇网络| |词汇语境练|单词拼写（10题）、提示填空（10题）、单选（10题）、选词填空（10题）、完成句子（5题）|在单句语境中考查词汇辨析与运用|从孤立词汇到语境应用，强化词汇在具体情境中的准确表达| |词汇语篇练|方框填空（2篇）、完形填空（1篇）|在语篇中综合运用词汇，考查上下文理解|从单句应用到语篇连贯，提升词汇在语篇层面的整合能力|

Unit 6 Mountains and rivers词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 mountain n. 山；山脉 river n. 河；江河 hill n. 小山；丘陵 lake n. 湖，湖泊 ocean n. 海洋 stream n. 小溪，小河 surface n. 表面 height n. 高度 depth n. 深度 nature n. 大自然，自然界 flow v. 流动 rise v. 升起；上升 reach v. 到达；抵达 cover v. 覆盖；遮盖 wide adj. 宽阔的 deep adj. 深的 high adj. 高的 natural adj. 自然的；天然的 短语 natural world 自然界 flow into 流入 on the surface of 在…… 的表面 in depth 深入地；在深度上 be covered with 被…… 覆盖 rise from 从…… 升起 the height of …… 的高度 places of natural beauty 自然美景之地 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. mountain→__________ (adj.) 多山的 2. nature→__________ (adj.) 自然的 3. height → __________ (adj.) 高的 4. depth → __________ (adj.) 深的 5. wide → __________ (n.) 宽度 6. ocean → __________ (adj.) 海洋的 7. flow → __________ (adj.) 流动的 8. cover → __________ (n.) 盖子；封面 9. rise → __________ (过去式) 升起 10. reach → __________ (过去分词) 到达 【答案】 1.mountainous 2.natural 3.high 4.deep 5.width 6.oceanic 7.flowing 8.cover 9.rose 10.reached 一、单词拼写 1. Many tall m________ stand in the western part of our country. 2. The clear r________ runs through the small village. 3. There is a beautiful blue l________ at the foot of the hill. 4. Millions of fish live in the great o________. 5. The little s________ runs down from the mountain top. 6. Snow c________ the top of the high mountain all year round. 7. The river is very w________ and many ships can sail on it. 8. We are amazed at the h________ of this huge mountain. 9. Water f________ down the hill and joins the big river. 10. We should protect n________ and all kinds of living things. 【答案】 1. mountains 2. river 3. lake 4. ocean 5. stream 6. covers 7. wide 8. height 9. flows 10. nature 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. We plan to climb that ________（大山）during the holiday. 2. This ________（河流）flows into the big lake far away. 3. The water of this ________（湖泊）is clean and clear. 4. We can see many different plants in ________（大自然）. 5. The sun will ________（升起）early in summer mornings. 6. The thick forest ________（覆盖）most part of the hill. 7. This river is very ________（宽阔的）and long. 8. The scientists study the ________（深度）of the ocean. 9. We love visiting places of ________（自然的）beauty. 10. When you ________（到达）the top, you can see the whole town. 【答案】 1.mountain 2.river 3.lake 4.nature 5.rise 6.covers 7.wide 8.depth 9.natural 10.reach 三、单项选择 1. Lots of visitors come to visit this great ________ every year. A. bowl       B. candle       C. mountain       D. scarf 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“每年有大量游客前来参观这座雄伟的大山”，mountain 意为 “大山”；bowl 是 “碗”，candle 是 “蜡烛”，scarf 是 “围巾”，这三个词不符合语境。 2. The clean ________ runs across the whole countryside. A. blanket       B. river       C. butterfly       D. grape 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“这条清澈的河流穿过整片乡村”，river 意为 “河流”；blanket 是 “毯子”，butterfly 是 “蝴蝶”，grape 是 “葡萄”，这三个词不符合语境。 3. You can see many kinds of fish swimming in this quiet ________. A. guitar       B. lake       C. keyboard       D. bottle 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“你可以看见许多种鱼在这片宁静的湖泊中游动”，lake 意为 “湖泊”；guitar 是 “吉他”，keyboard 是 “键盘”，bottle 是 “瓶子”，这三个词不符合语境。 4. Huge whales live in the deep ________ far from land. A. pillow       B. silver       C. ocean       D. cotton 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“巨大的鲸鱼生活在远离陆地的深海大洋之中”，ocean 意为 “海洋”；pillow 是 “枕头”，silver 是 “银”，cotton 是 “棉花”，这三个词不符合语境。 5. Water will ________ down from the high place after the heavy rain. A. praise       B. flow       C. greet       D. accept 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“大雨过后，水会从高处往下流淌”，flow 意为 “流动”；praise 是 “赞扬”，greet 是 “问候”，accept 是 “接受”，这三个词不符合语境。 6. The sun will ________ slowly from behind the hills in the morning. A. protect       B. cover       C. touch       D. rise 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“清晨太阳会从小山后面缓缓升起”，rise 意为 “升起”；protect 是 “保护”，cover 是 “覆盖”，touch 是 “触摸”，这三个词不符合语境。 7. It took us three hours to ________ the top of the mountain. A. reach       B. promise       C. memory       D. message 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“我们花了三个小时才到达山顶”，reach 意为 “到达”；promise 是 “承诺”，memory 是 “记忆”，message 是 “信息”，这三个词不符合语境。 8. Snow can ________ the whole mountain in cold winter. A. colourful       B. cover       C. smooth       D. noisy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“在寒冷的冬天，大雪可以覆盖整座大山”，cover 意为 “覆盖”；colourful 是 “多彩的”，smooth 是 “光滑的”，noisy 是 “吵闹的”，这三个词不符合语境。 9. This ________ river connects many small towns together. A. honest       B. wide       C. gentle       D. silly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“这条宽阔的河流把许多小镇连接在一起”，wide 意为 “宽阔的”；honest 是 “诚实的”，gentle 是 “温和的”，silly 是 “愚蠢的”，这三个词不符合语境。 10. We should try our best to protect our ________ world. A. modern       B. cheap       C. natural       D. sweet 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“我们应当尽全力保护我们的自然界”，natural 意为 “自然的”；modern 是 “现代的”，cheap 是 “便宜的”，sweet 是 “甜的”，这三个词不符合语境。 四、选词填空 备选词： reach, cover, wide, natural, mountain, river, lake, ocean, flow, rise 1. This high ________ attracts thousands of visitors every year. 2. The long ________ goes through several big cities. 3. There is a quiet ________ surrounded by green trees. 4. Many sea animals live in the blue ________. 5. Streams ________ down the hills and join the big river. 6. We watched the sun ________ slowly above the hills. 7. After long‑time walking, we finally ________ the mountain top. 8. Thick green trees ________ most parts of the hill. 9. You can see ships sailing on this ________ river. 10. We enjoy all kinds of ________ beauty during our trip. 【答案】 1.mountain 2.river 3.lake 4.ocean 5.flow 6.rise 7.reached 8.cover 9.wide 10.natural 五、完成句子 1. 小溪流入这条大河。The small stream ________ ________ this big river. 2. 山顶终年被白雪覆盖。The mountain top ________ ________ ________ snow all year round. 3. 太阳从东方升起。The sun ________ ________ the east. 4. 我们在假期去参观自然美景之地。We visit ________ ________ ________ ________ during our holiday. 5. 当你到达山顶，你可以看见整片湖泊。When you ________ the mountain top, you can see the whole ________. 【答案】 1.flows into 2.is covered with 3.rises from 4.places of natural beauty 5.reach; lake 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。（五选四） (A)  A. depth B. flow  C. reach  D. natural  E. mountain Many tourists love climbing a great 1________. Small streams 2________ down its sides. If you keep walking, you will 3________ its top. You can enjoy amazing 4________ beauty from there. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】短文围绕 Unit6 Mountains and rivers 单元主题，讲述很多游客喜爱攀登高山；小溪顺着山体流淌；坚持前行就可以抵达山顶，在那里可以欣赏绝美的自然美景。 1．句意：很多游客喜爱攀登一座雄伟的大山。 不定冠词 a 后接名词 mountain；mountain 名词意为 “大山”；flow（流动），reach（到达），natural（自然的），depth（深度）。结合语境选E。 2．句意：一条条小溪顺着山体两侧流淌而下。 主语 streams 为复数，谓语动词用原形 flow；flow 意为 “流动”，选 B。 3．句意：如果你一直向前走，你将会抵达它的山顶。 will 后接动词原形 reach；reach 意为 “到达”，选 C。 4．句意：你可以从那里欣赏令人惊叹的自然美景。 修饰名词 beauty 用形容词 natural；natural 意为 “自然的”，选 D。 (B) A. river  B. cover  C. wide  D. lake  E. rise A big 5________ runs through our city. Lots of green plants 6________ its banks. Not far away, there is a big 7________. It is very 8________ and looks like a blue mirror under sunlight. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 【导语】本篇短文分为两段，围绕单元主题，讲述一条大河穿城而过；大量绿植覆盖河岸；不远处有一片巨大的湖泊；湖面十分宽阔，在阳光下如同蓝色的镜子。 5．句意：一条大河穿过我们的城市。 不定冠词 a 后接名词 river；river 意为 “河流”，选 A。 6．句意：大量绿色的植物覆盖着它的两岸。 主语 plants 复数，谓语用动词原形 cover；cover 意为 “覆盖”，选 B。 7．句意：不远处，有一片巨大的湖泊。 不定冠词 a 后接名词 lake；lake 意为 “湖泊”，选 D。 8．句意：它十分宽阔，在阳光下看上去像一面蓝色的镜子。 be 动词后接形容词 wide；wide 意为 “宽阔的”，选 C。 二、完形填空 Mountains and rivers in nature Mountains and rivers are important parts of our  1       . High  2        stand here and there across the land. Small streams  3        down from mountain tops. They join together and become a big  4       . Some rivers finally flow into the great  5       . Thick forests  6        many hills and mountains. When the sun  7        in the morning, the whole world becomes bright. If you can  8        the top of a mountain, you will see wonderful views. Some lakes are very  9        while others are quite shallow. We should love and protect our  10        environment. 1．A. secret    B. nature    C. note    D. speech 2．A. goals    B. skills    C. mountains   D. mistakes 3．A. beat    B. regret    C. flow    D. support 4．A. pride    B. river    C. courage    D. effort 5．A. spirit    B. progress    C. action    D. ocean 6．A. cover    B. remind    C. separate    D. encourage 7．A. continues    B. rises    C. tries    D. fails 8．A. believe    B. reach    C. keep    D. try 9．A. brave    B. practical    C. deep    D. curious 10．A. powerful    B. natural    C. colourful    D. smooth 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文围绕 Unit6 Mountains and rivers 单元主题，讲述山川河流是大自然重要组成部分；大地上遍布高山，小溪从山顶流下汇聚成大河；部分河流最终汇入海洋；茂密森林覆盖许多山丘；清晨太阳升起，大地一片光明；抵达山顶就能看见壮丽风景；有些湖泊很深，有些很浅；我们要热爱并且保护自然环境。 1．句意：山川河流是我们大自然当中重要的组成部分。 secret 秘密；nature 大自然；note 笔记；speech 演讲。山川河流属于大自然。故选 B。 2．句意：大地上到处矗立着高高的山脉。 goals 目标；skills 技能；mountains 山脉；mistakes 错误。high mountains 高山。故选 C。 3．句意：一条条小溪从山顶流淌下来。 beat 打败；regret 后悔；flow 流淌；support 支持。溪水从山顶往下流。故选 C。 4．句意：它们汇聚在一起，形成一条大河。 pride 自豪；river 河流；courage 勇气；effort 努力。小溪汇聚成为大河。故选 B。 5．句意：一些河流最终汇入浩瀚的海洋。 spirit 精神；progress 进步；action 行动；ocean 海洋。江河最终流入海洋。故选 D。 6．句意：茂密的森林覆盖着许许多多的山丘与大山。 cover 覆盖；remind 使想起；separate 分开；encourage 鼓励。森林覆盖山体。故选 A。 7．句意：当清晨太阳升起，整个世界变得明亮。 continues 继续；rises 升起；tries 尝试；fails 失败。太阳在早晨升起。故选 B。 8．句意：如果你能够抵达一座大山的山顶，你就会看见壮丽的景色。 believe 相信；reach 到达；keep 保持；try 尝试。reach the top 抵达山顶。故选 B。 9．句意：一些湖泊很深，而另一些则相当浅。 brave 勇敢的；practical 实用的；deep 深的；curious 好奇的。和 shallow（浅的）对应，用 deep。故选 C。 10．句意：我们应当热爱并且保护我们的自然环境。 powerful 强大的；natural 自然的；colourful 多彩的；smooth 光滑的。natural environment 自然环境。故选 B。 $Unit 6 Mountains and rivers词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 山；山脉 n. 河；江河 n. 小山；丘陵 n. 湖，湖泊 n. 海洋 n. 小溪，小河 n. 表面 n. 高度 n. 深度 n. 大自然，自然界 v. 流动 v. 升起；上升 v. 到达；抵达 v. 覆盖；遮盖 adj. 宽阔的 adj. 深的 adj. 高的 adj. 自然的；天然的 短语 自然界 流入 在…… 的表面 深入地；在深度上 被…… 覆盖 从…… 升起 …… 的高度 自然美景之地 2、 词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. mountain→__________ (adj.) 多山的 2. nature→__________ (adj.) 自然的 3. height → __________ (adj.) 高的 4. depth → __________ (adj.) 深的 5. wide → __________ (n.) 宽度 6. ocean → __________ (adj.) 海洋的 7. flow → __________ (adj.) 流动的 8. cover → __________ (n.) 盖子；封面 9. rise → __________ (过去式) 升起 10. reach → __________ (过去分词) 到达 一、单词拼写 1. Many tall m________ stand in the western part of our country. 2. The clear r________ runs through the small village. 3. There is a beautiful blue l________ at the foot of the hill. 4. Millions of fish live in the great o________. 5. The little s________ runs down from the mountain top. 6. Snow c________ the top of the high mountain all year round. 7. The river is very w________ and many ships can sail on it. 8. We are amazed at the h________ of this huge mountain. 9. Water f________ down the hill and joins the big river. 10. We should protect n________ and all kinds of living things. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. We plan to climb that ________（大山）during the holiday. 2. This ________（河流）flows into the big lake far away. 3. The water of this ________（湖泊）is clean and clear. 4. We can see many different plants in ________（大自然）. 5. The sun will ________（升起）early in summer mornings. 6. The thick forest ________（覆盖）most part of the hill. 7. This river is very ________（宽阔的）and long. 8. The scientists study the ________（深度）of the ocean. 9. We love visiting places of ________（自然的）beauty. 10. When you ________（到达）the top, you can see the whole town. 三、单项选择 1. Lots of visitors come to visit this great ________ every year. A. bowl       B. candle       C. mountain       D. scarf 2. The clean ________ runs across the whole countryside. A. blanket       B. river       C. butterfly       D. grape 3. You can see many kinds of fish swimming in this quiet ________. A. guitar       B. lake       C. keyboard       D. bottle 4. Huge whales live in the deep ________ far from land. A. pillow       B. silver       C. ocean       D. cotton 5. Water will ________ down from the high place after the heavy rain. A. praise       B. flow       C. greet       D. accept 6. The sun will ________ slowly from behind the hills in the morning. A. protect       B. cover       C. touch       D. rise 7. It took us three hours to ________ the top of the mountain. A. reach       B. promise       C. memory       D. message 8. Snow can ________ the whole mountain in cold winter. A. colourful       B. cover       C. smooth       D. noisy 9. This ________ river connects many small towns together. A. honest       B. wide       C. gentle       D. silly 10. We should try our best to protect our ________ world. A. modern       B. cheap       C. natural       D. sweet 四、选词填空 备选词： reach, cover, wide, natural, mountain, river, lake, ocean, flow, rise 1. This high ________ attracts thousands of visitors every year. 2. The long ________ goes through several big cities. 3. There is a quiet ________ surrounded by green trees. 4. Many sea animals live in the blue ________. 5. Streams ________ down the hills and join the big river. 6. We watched the sun ________ slowly above the hills. 7. After long‑time walking, we finally ________ the mountain top. 8. Thick green trees ________ most parts of the hill. 9. You can see ships sailing on this ________ river. 10. We enjoy all kinds of ________ beauty during our trip. 五、完成句子 1. 小溪流入这条大河。The small stream ________ ________ this big river. 2. 山顶终年被白雪覆盖。The mountain top ________ ________ ________ snow all year round. 3. 太阳从东方升起。The sun ________ ________ the east. 4. 我们在假期去参观自然美景之地。We visit ________ ________ ________ ________ during our holiday. 5. 当你到达山顶，你可以看见整片湖泊。When you ________ the mountain top, you can see the whole ________. 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。（五选四） (A)  A. depth B. flow  C. reach  D. natural  E. mountain Many tourists love climbing a great 1________. Small streams 2________ down its sides. If you keep walking, you will 3________ its top. You can enjoy amazing 4________ beauty from there. (B) A. river  B. cover  C. wide  D. lake  E. rise A big 5________ runs through our city. Lots of green plants 6________ its banks. Not far away, there is a big 7________. It is very 8________ and looks like a blue mirror under sunlight. 二、完形填空 Mountains and rivers in nature Mountains and rivers are important parts of our  1       . High  2        stand here and there across the land. Small streams  3        down from mountain tops. They join together and become a big  4       . Some rivers finally flow into the great  5       . Thick forests  6        many hills and mountains. When the sun  7        in the morning, the whole world becomes bright. If you can  8        the top of a mountain, you will see wonderful views. Some lakes are very  9        while others are quite shallow. We should love and protect our  10        environment. 1．A. secret    B. nature    C. note    D. speech 2．A. goals    B. skills    C. mountains   D. mistakes 3．A. beat    B. regret    C. flow    D. support 4．A. pride    B. river    C. courage    D. effort 5．A. spirit    B. progress    C. action    D. ocean 6．A. cover    B. remind    C. separate    D. encourage 7．A. continues    B. rises    C. tries    D. fails 8．A. believe    B. reach    C. keep    D. try 9．A. brave    B. practical    C. deep    D. curious 10．A. powerful    B. natural    C. colourful    D. smooth $