Unit 5 课时4 Section B 1a-1f（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 5 Power of Ideas课时4的核心内容。从28个必背词汇夯实基础，到imagine、depend on等11个必会考点的句型解析，再到课文长难句的语法结构分析，形成从词汇到语用的完整学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇积累-句型应用-语篇理解”逻辑递进，每个考点配中考例句、易混辨析表格及即学即练习题。通过对比辨析培养思维品质，结合造纸术等文化素材提升文化意识，助力学生语言能力和学习能力的综合发展。

Unit 5 Power of Ideas Unit 5 课时4 Section B 1a-1f核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 现实；事实（名词）：reality 2. 造纸工艺；造纸业（名词）：papermaking 3. 作为原因的；有责任的（形容词）：responsible 4. 引起某事（短语）：responsible for sth 5. 迅速的；瞬间的（形容词）：rapid 6. 塑造（动词）；形状（名词）：shape 7. 青铜（名词）：bronze 8. 制品；陶器（名词）：ware 9. 石头；岩石（名词）：stone 10. 黄麻纤维（名词）：jute 11. 纤维；纤维素（名词）：fibre 12. 昂贵的；价格高的（形容词）：expensive 13. 官员；军官（名词）：officer 14. 作坊；讲习班（名词）：workshop 15. 没有一个；毫无（代词）：none 16. 理想的；最合适的（形容词）；理想；完美的人（或事物）（名词）：ideal 17. 树皮（名词）：bark 18. 某些；确定的（形容词）；某些（代词）：certain 19. 合适的；适宜的（形容词）：suitable 20. 液体（名词）；液体的（形容词）：liquid 21. 便宜的（形容词）；低廉地（副词）：cheap 22. 创造；作品（名词）：creation 23. 后来；其后（短语）：later on 24. (使) 加速（短语）：speed up 25. 阿拉伯的（形容词）；阿拉伯人（名词）：Arab 26. 造成；导致（短语）：result in 27. 导致；造成（短语）：lead to 28. 诞生；出现（名词）：birth 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 现实；事实（名词）：___________ 2. 造纸工艺；造纸业（名词）：___________ 3. 作为原因的；有责任的（形容词）：___________ 4. 引起某事（短语）：___________ 5. 迅速的；瞬间的（形容词）：___________ 6. 塑造（动词）；形状（名词）：___________ 7. 青铜（名词）：___________ 8. 制品；陶器（名词）：___________ 9. 石头；岩石（名词）：___________ 10. 黄麻纤维（名词）：___________ 11. 纤维；纤维素（名词）：___________ 12. 昂贵的；价格高的（形容词）：___________ 13. 官员；军官（名词）：___________ 14. 作坊；讲习班（名词）：___________ 15. 没有一个；毫无（代词）：___________ 16. 理想的；最合适的（形容词）；理想；完美的人（或事物）（名词）：___________ 17. 树皮（名词）：___________ 18. 某些；确定的（形容词）；某些（代词）：___________ 19. 合适的；适宜的（形容词）：___________ 20. 液体（名词）；液体的（形容词）：___________ 21. 便宜的（形容词）；低廉地（副词）：___________ 22. 创造；作品（名词）：___________ 23. 后来；其后（短语）：___________ 24. (使) 加速（短语）：___________ 25. 阿拉伯的（形容词）；阿拉伯人（名词）：___________ 26. 造成；导致（短语）：___________ 27. 导致；造成（短语）：___________ 28. 诞生；出现（名词）：___________ 二、必会考点 1. Can you imagine a world without books,newspapers,or magazines?你能想象一个没有书籍、报纸和杂志的世界吗？ imagine v. 想象；设想 词形拓展:imagined (过去式 / 过去分词)；imagining (现在分词)； imagination n. 想象力；想象；imaginary adj. 虚构的 固定搭配 1. imagine sth / sb 想象某物 / 某人 2. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事（中考高频，后接 doing，不能 to do） 3. imagine (that) + 从句 想象…… 4. imagine sb doing sth 想象某人做某事 中考例句 1. I can’t imagine living without the internet.我无法想象没有互联网的生活。 2. Imagine him completing the great project.想象一下他完成这项伟大工程的样子。 3. He has a rich imagination.他拥有丰富的想象力。 imagine 易混辨析表格 单词 / 短语 词性 核心用法 例句 imagine v.（实义动词） 想象；设想；后可接名词、doing、that 从句；不接 todo 作宾语 Can you imagine a world without paper?你能想象没有纸的世界吗？ imagine doing sth 动词短语 想象做某事，直接接动名词，无 to do I can’t imagine living without books.我无法想象没有书的生活。 imagine sb doing sth 动词短语 想象某人做某事；sb 用宾格，后接 doing，不能用 to do I imagine him completing the tunnel.我想象他建成这条隧道。 imagination n. 想象力；想象，作主语或宾语 The scientist has great imagination.这位科学家拥有极强的想象力。 imaginary adj. 虚构的、假想的（不是真实存在） This is an imaginary story. 这是一个虚构的故事。 【即学即练】 1. I can’t imagine ________ (travel) without magazines. 2. Imagine him ________ (finish) the papermaking experiment. 3. Kids usually have rich ________ (imagine). 4. We imagine that this new invention ________ (be) very helpful. 5. It is hard for us ________ (imagine) ancient life. 2. All of these things depend on one invention—papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 短语 词性 核心用法 例句 depend on 动词短语 ①依靠、依赖某人 / 某物 ②（事情）取决于，由…… 决定 All of these things depend on one invention — papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 固定搭配 1. depend on sb/sth 依靠 / 依赖某人 / 某物 2. depend on sb to do sth 依靠某人去做某事 3. depend on + 从句 取决于…… 4. It depends. 看情况。（口语高频） 中考例句 1. All of these things depend on one invention — papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 2. We shouldn’t depend too much on others.我们不应该过度依赖别人。 3. Whether we will finish the project depends on the weather.我们能否完成这项工程取决于天气。 4. —Will you connect the machine?—— 你要连接这台机器吗？ —It depends.—— 看情况。 短语 核心含义 例句 depend on 依靠；取决于（客观） Success depends on hard work. 成功取决于努力。 rely on 依靠、信赖（侧重信任） We rely on the scientist’s ideas. 我们信赖这位科学家的想法。 【即学即练】 1. Our life ________ (depend) on many great inventions. 2. You shouldn’t depend on ________ (he) too much. 3. Success depends on ________ (work) hard. 4. This task can ________ (depend) on lots of workers. 5. Whether we complete the tunnel ________ (depend) on the weather. 3. It,more than any other invention,was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.正是这项发明，胜过其他任何发明，促成了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。 ①more than超过；多于；不仅仅 短语 词性 核心用法 more than 短语 ①数量：超过，多于（= over）②程度：不仅仅，不只是 固定搭配 & 变形 1. more than + 数词 超过……（= over）例：more than 200 workers 两百多名工人 2. more than + 名词 不仅仅，不只是 例：He is more than a scientist. 他不仅仅是一位科学家。 3. no more than 仅仅，只不过（强调数量少） 4. not more than 至多，不超过 中考例句： 1. More than 1,000 books were produced every year.每年生产超过 1000 本书。 2. Cai Lun is more than an officer; he is a great inventor.蔡伦不仅仅是一名官员，他还是一位伟大的发明家。 短语 含义 例句 more than 超过；不仅仅 more than 500 >500；more than a tool 不只是一件工具 less than 少于，不足 less than one month 不到一个月 no more than 仅仅、只不过（带感情色彩） no more than 10 pages 仅仅 10 页 not more than 至多，不超过（客观） not more than 10 pages 不超过 10 页 【即学即练】 1. ________ (More than / No more than) 300 workers took part in the project.（超过） 2. He is ________ (more than /less than) a worker. He is also an inventor.（不仅仅） 3. The old collection has ________ (no more than /less than) five old books, only five.（仅仅） 4. There are ________ (more than) 200 magazines in the room.（同义替换写单词） 5. This is ________ (not more than /no more than) 10 minutes’ walk.（客观：不超过） ②responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的；成为…… 的原因 #固定搭配 1. be responsible for sth ①对…… 负有责任；②是造成…… 的原因（课本高频） 2. be responsible to sb*向某人负责 3. take responsibility for sth 为…… 承担责任（名词短语） 中考例句 1. The papermaking technique was responsible for the rapid spread of information.造纸术造成了信息的快速传播。 2. You are responsible for this animal‑friendly bridge project.你要对这项动物友好桥梁工程负责。 3. He takes responsibility for the whole experiment.他为整个实验承担责任。 结构 核心含义 例句 be responsible for sth 对某事负责；是某事的起因 Workers are responsible for the tunnel. 工人们对这条隧道负责。 be responsible to sb 向某人负责（人作宾语） The head officer is responsible to the emperor. 主管官员向皇帝负责。 take responsibility for 名词短语，承担…… 责任 Scientists take responsibility for the test. 科学家为这次试验承担责任。 【即学即练】 1. This invention was responsible ________ the spread of information.（填介词） 2. He is ________ (responsibility) for the papermaking experiment.（形容词） 3. He takes ________ (responsible) for the whole project.（名词） 4. The head officer ________ (be) responsible for the workshop long ago.（过去时） 5. You should be responsible ________ what you have done.（介词） 4. In ancient China,many different materials were used to write on,such as animal bones,bronze ware, stones ,wood,bamboo,and even silk.在中国古代，人们使用过许许多多不同的材料来书写，例如兽骨、青铜器、石头、木头、竹子，甚至丝绸。 such as 例如；比如（用来列举部分例子） 用来列举部分事例，后面直接接名词 / 代词，不能接句子；不用逗号也可，前面常用逗号隔开 固定搭配 & 辨析 1. A, such as B, C and D A，例如 B、C 和 D 2. such as + 名词 / 名词短语，不能加逗号放在最后；不能与 and so on 重复滥用。 中考例句 We have many animal‑friendly bridges, such as this one.我们有很多动物友好型桥梁，比如这一座。 短语 用法 要点 例句 such as 例如 列举部分例子，后接名词短语，不用完整句子 Some plants, such as bamboo, were used for paper. 一些植物，例如竹子，被用来造纸。 for example 例如 举一个例子，作插入语，后面必须加逗号，可置于句首、句中、句末 For example, old clothes can be used to make paper. 例如，旧衣服可以用来造纸。 【即学即练】选词填空such as /for example 1. Many materials were used for writing, ________ bamboo and silk. 2. ________ , Cai Lun used old clothes to make paper. 3. We have many great inventions, ________ papermaking and printing. 4. Some plants, ________ bark, can be used to make paper. 5. ________ , the paper was cheap and light. 5. As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty,Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem.作为东汉时期为皇帝服务的宫廷作坊主管，蔡伦对解决这一问题产生了兴趣。 be interested in对…… 感兴趣 固定搭配 1. be interested in sth 对某事 / 某物感兴趣 2. be interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣（中考高频，in 后接 doing） 3. become/get interested in 变得对…… 感兴趣（强调变化） 4. show interest in sth 对…… 表现出兴趣（interest 名词） 中考例句 1. Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem.蔡伦对解决这一问题产生了兴趣。 2. Many students are interested in ancient inventions.很多学生对古代发明感兴趣。 3. He shows great interest in the papermaking experiment.他对造纸实验表现出极大兴趣。 【即学即练】 1. Cai Lun became interested in ________ (solve) the problem of making paper. 2. My brother is ________ (interest) in ancient inventions.（人作主语） 3. The papermaking experiment is ________ (interest).（事物作主语） 4. He shows great ________ (interest) in the old silk.（名词） 5. They ________ (become) interested in printing centuries ago.（过去式） 6. From past experiences,Cai Lun got the idea that bark,certain plants,and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on.从以往的经验中，蔡伦想到，可以利用树皮、某些植物以及旧衣物制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 副词：suitably；动词：suit（适合） #固定搭配 1. be suitable for sth / sb 适合某物 / 某人（中考高频） 2. be suitable to do sth. 适合去做某事（课本原句） 3. suitable for doing sth 适合做某事 #中考例句 1. Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on.蔡伦想到，可以利用树皮、某些植物以及旧衣物制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 2. This paper is suitable for daily use.这种纸适合日常使用。 3. The ground is not suitable for building tunnels.这片土地不适合修建隧道。 单词 词性 用法 例句 suitable 形容词 be suitable for/to do；描述事物属性，合适的 This material is suitable to write on. 这种材料适合书写。 suit 动词 适合；（颜色、款式）合身，直接接宾语 The paper suits our daily life. 这种纸适配我们的日常生活。 fit v./adj. 大小尺寸合身；fit sb； be fit for 胜任 He is fit for the job. 他胜任这份工作。 【即学即练】 1. This special material is suitable ________ (write) on.（to do） 2. The old clothes are not suitable ________ daily use.（介词） 3. This kind of plant is ________ (suit) for making paper.（形容词） 4. The track is not ________ (suit) for heavy trains.（形容词） 5. This kind of paper suits ________ (use) by ancient people.（suit sth for doing 结构，for doing） 7. In the first step of Cai Lun's experiment,all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.在蔡伦实验的第一步，所有原料被混合起来并在水中蒸煮。 ①mix v. （使）混合；调配   n. 混合；混合物 词形拓展：mixed (过去式、过去分词)；mixing (现在分词)；mixture n. 混合物 固定搭配 1. mix A with B把 A 和 B 混合（中考高频） 2. mix up 混淆；弄混 3. be mixed with被与…… 混合（被动语态） 4. mix together 混合在一起 中考例句 1. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.所有原料被混合起来并在水中蒸煮。 2. Please mix bark with old cloth.请把树皮和旧布料混合在一起。 3. Don’t mix up the two ancient materials.不要把这两种古代材料弄混淆。 4. The mixture is ready for the next step.这种混合物已经准备好进入下一步。 结构 用法 例句 mix A with B 把 A 与 B 混合（主动） Mix plants with old clothes. 把植物和旧衣物混合。 be mixed with 被动：A 被与 B 混合 Bark was mixed with water. 树皮被和水混合。 mix up 混淆，弄错 He mixed up the two rules. 他把两条规则弄混了。 mixture（名词） 混合物 a special mixture 一种特殊混合物 【即学即练】用适当形式填空 1. All the ingredients ________ (mix) with water in Cai Lun’s experiment. 2. You need ________ (mix) the plants and old clothes together. 3. Don’t mix ________ (they) up. They are different materials. 4. This ________ (mix) of plants and bark helped make paper. 5. The raw materials need ________ (mix) before boiling. ②boil v. 煮沸；烧开；蒸煮 n. 沸腾 词形拓展：boiled (过去式 / 过去分词)；boiling (现在分词) boiled adj. 煮沸的；煮熟的boiling adj. 沸腾的；滚烫的 固定搭配 1. boil sth把某物煮沸 2. boil in water在水中蒸煮（课本短语） 3. boiled water 开水（已经烧开过的水） 4. boiling water 正在沸腾的水 中考例句 1. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.所有原料被混合起来并在水中蒸煮。 2. Cai Lun boiled the plant materials for hours.蔡伦把植物原料蒸煮数小时。 3. Please drink boiled water.请喝开水。 短语 词性 含义 例句 boiled water 形容词 + 名词 烧开过的水（已经冷却） We use boiled water for the experiment. 我们用烧开过的水做实验。 boiling water 形容词 + 名词 正在沸腾、滚烫的水 Be careful with boiling water. 小心滚烫的沸水。 be boiled 被动语态 被蒸煮 The materials were boiled for a long time. 原料被长时间蒸煮。 【即学即练】 1. All the materials were mixed and ________ (boil) in water. 2. ________ (boil) water is very hot, don’t touch it.（正在沸腾的） 3. We should drink ________ (boil) water in daily life.（烧开过的） 4. The plants need ________ (boil) for several hours.（need doing 主动表被动） 5. Cai Lun ________ (boil) the old clothes and plants many years ago.（过去式） 8. To everyone's surprise,this paper was soft,light,easy to make and use,and most importantly,cheap.令所有人惊讶的是，这种纸柔软、轻便，易于制作和使用，最重要的是价格低廉。 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 固定搭配 1. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是（中考高频，放句首） 2. to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是 3. to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是 4. 拓展句型：be surprised at sth 对…… 感到惊讶（be+adj） 中考例句 1. To his surprise, the experiment succeeded.令他惊讶的是，这个实验成功了。 2. He was surprised at the new‑type paper.他对这种新型纸张感到惊讶。 结构 用法 例句 to one’s surprise 插入语，句首；one’s 用形容词性物主代词；后面逗号 To her surprise, the paper worked well.令她惊讶的是，这种纸效果很好。 be surprised at sth 人作主语，surprised 形容词，感到惊讶 He is surprised at the result. 他对结果感到惊讶。 surprising 形容词，事物 “令人吃惊的” a surprising result 一个令人吃惊的结果 【即学即练】 1. ________ (To everyone’s / To everyone) surprise, the paper was cheap. 2. To ________ (he) surprise, the papermaking experiment was successful.（物主代词） 3. He was ________ (surprise) at the light paper.（修饰人） 4. This is a ________ (surprise) invention for ancient people.（修饰事物） 5. To our ________ (surprised/surprise), the technique spread fast.（名词） 9.The emperor was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work.皇帝十分满意，对蔡伦的杰出贡献予以嘉奖。 pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的 固定搭配 1. be pleased with sth / sb对…… 感到满意（中考高频） 2. be pleased to do sth 很高兴做某事 3. be pleased that + 从句 很高兴…… 4. praise sb for sth 因某事表扬某人 中考例句 1. I am pleased with this new kind of paper.我对这种新纸很满意。 2. We are pleased to see the great invention.我们很高兴看到这项伟大的发明。 单词 词性 用法 例句 pleased adj. 人作主语，感到满意、高兴 The emperor was pleased. 皇帝很满意。 pleasant adj. 物作主语，令人愉快的（环境、事物） a pleasant experience 一次令人愉快的经历 pleasure n. 快乐；愉快，作主语 / 宾语 It’s my pleasure. 不客气。 【即学即练】 1. The emperor was very ________ (please) with Cai Lun’s paper.（形容词，人感到满意） 2. We are pleased ________ (see) the papermaking experiment.（to do） 3. Everyone had a ________ (please) trip to the museum.（修饰事物，令人愉快的） 4. It is my ________ (please) to know about ancient inventions.（名词） 5. My teacher is pleased ________ my invention.（填介词） 10.Later on,the papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture,but also changed civilizations around the world.后来，造纸术不仅加快了中华文化的发展，也改变了世界各地的文明。 not only…but also… 不但…… 而且……（并列连词短语） 用于连接两个并列成分；谓语动词遵循就近原则；可连接名词、形容词、动词、句子。 固定搭配 1. not only +A but also +B 不但 A，而且 B 2. 连接两个主语时，谓语动词和but also 后面的主语保持一致（就近原则） 3. not only…but also… 连接谓语动词时，动词形式保持一致 4. 倒装考点：Not only 置于句首，前半句部分倒装（中考常考） 中考例句 1. The papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world.造纸术不仅加快了中华文化的发展，也改变了世界各地的文明。 2. Cai Lun was not only an officer but also a great inventor.蔡伦不仅是一名官员，还是一位伟大的发明家。 3. Not only he but also his friends are interested in papermaking. 不仅他，他的朋友们也对造纸术感兴趣。（就近，和 friends 一致，用 are） 短语 核心规则 例句 not only…but also… 不但… 而且…；就近原则 Not only you but also he knows the story. both…and… 两者都；谓语必须用复数 Both you and he know the story. 【即学即练】 1. This invention not only changed China but ________ changed the whole world. 2. Not only the students but also their teacher ________ (be) interested in papermaking. 3. Not only printing but also books ________ (play) an important role in old days. 4. Both Cai Lun and his workers ________ (make) great achievements. 5. She is not only hard‑working ________ creative. 11.When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books.在之后的数个世纪里，纸张与印刷术结合使用，使得书籍的数量迅速增长。 ①lead to 动词短语：导致；引起；促成 短语 核心用法 词形拓展 lead to ①导致，造成（结果）；to 是介词，后接名词 /doing②leadledled 不规则变化 lead v. 带领；引导；leader n. 领导者 固定搭配 1. lead to + 名词 导致……（中考高频） 2. lead to doing sth 导致做某事（to 为介词，不能接 to do） 3. lead sb to + 地点 带领某人去某地 4. lead sb to do sth 促使某人做某事（此处 to 是不定式符号） 中考例句 1. When the use of paper and printing came together, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books.纸张与印刷术结合使用，使得书籍的数量迅速增长。 2. Carelessness leads to mistakes.粗心会导致错误。 3. The discovery led people to improve the old skill.这个发现促使人们改进这项古老技艺。 结构 要点 例句 lead to + n./doing to 介词，表 “导致” The invention led to great changes. lead sb to do sth to 不定式，促使某人做 The news led him to try new methods. lead sb to + 地点 带领某人到某处 He led the workers to the workshop. 【即学即练】 1. Paper‑making led ________ the fast development of culture. 2. The new skill ________ (lead) to big changes hundreds of years ago. 3. Bad conditions lead to ________ (produce) poor‑quality paper. 4. The success led many people ________ (learn) this skill. 5. Hard work ________ (lead) to his great success in the past. 【参考答案】1. to 2. led 3. producing 4. to learn 5. led ②the number of ……… 的数量 短语 核心用法 例句 the number of 表示 “…… 的数量”；作主语，谓语动词用单数 The number of books increased quickly.书籍的数量迅速增长。 固定搭配 1. the number of + 复数名词 …… 的数量，谓语用单数 2. a number of + 复数名词 许多、大量的……，谓语用复数 中考例句 1. It led to a rapid increase in the number of books.这使得书籍的数量迅速增长。 2. The number of ancient inventions is becoming larger.古代发明的数量变得越来越多。 3. A number of workers helped Cai Lun make paper.许多工人帮助蔡伦造纸。 短语 含义 主语中心词 谓语动词 例句 the number of …… 的数量 number（单数） 单数 The number of plants is large. 植物的数量很多。 a number of 许多，大量 后面的复数名词 复数 A number of plants are used for making paper. 许多植物被用来造纸。 【即学即练】 1. The number of old books ________ (be) growing fast. 2. A number of materials ________ (be) mixed to make paper. 3. The number of workers in the workshop ________ (be) small long ago. 4. A number of great inventions ________ (change) the world. 5. The number of people interested in papermaking ________ (get) larger now. 【参考答案】1. is 2. are 3. was 4. changed 5. is getting 1、 必背单词（语法填空高频・词形变换） 单词 词性 释义 词形变形（易错） reality n. 现实；事实 real adj. 真实的；realize v. 意识到 responsible adj. 作为原因的；有责任的 responsibility n. 责任 rapid adj. 迅速的 rapidly adv. 迅速地 shape v./n. 塑造；形状 expensive adj. 昂贵的 inexpensive adj. 不贵的；cheap adj. 便宜的 none pron. 没有一个；毫无 辨析：none /no one ideal adj./n. 理想的；理想 certain adj. 某些；确定的 certainly adv. 当然 suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 suit v. 适合 birth n. 诞生；出生 bear v. 生育；born adj. 出生 2、 核心固定搭配（课文原句） 1. turn … into reality 把…… 变为现实（标题原句） We can turn our great ideas into reality.我们可以把伟大的想法变为现实。 2. depend on 依靠；依赖 All of these things depend on one invention‑papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 3. be responsible for 是…… 的原因；对…… 负责 It was responsible for the rapid spread of information.它造成了信息的快速传播。 4. either…or… 要么…… 要么……；或者…… 或者…… All these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive.这些材料要么难以使用储存，要么十分昂贵。 5. be suitable to do sth适合做某事 Bark could be used to make a material suitable to write on.树皮可以被用来制作适合书写的材料。 6. a new birth of … …… 的诞生 Papermaking led to a new birth of knowledge.造纸术促成了知识的新生。 三、课文长难句考点 1. Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines?你能想象一个没有书籍、报纸和杂志的世界吗？ 👉 without 介词，没有；否定句并列用 or，不用 and。 2. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.它比其他任何发明都更促成信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。 👉定语从句 that shaped our modern world 修饰 information；rapidly 副词修饰动词。 3. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive.然而，这些材料要么难以使用储存，要么价格十分昂贵。 👉`either…or…`就近原则；`be + adj. + to do`主动表被动。 4. Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on.蔡伦想到，树皮、某些植物和旧衣物可以用来制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 👉that 引导同位语从句；suitable to write on 作后置定语。 4. $Unit 5 Power of Ideas Unit 5 课时4 Section B 1a-1f核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 现实；事实（名词）：reality 2. 造纸工艺；造纸业（名词）：papermaking 3. 作为原因的；有责任的（形容词）：responsible 4. 引起某事（短语）：responsible for sth 5. 迅速的；瞬间的（形容词）：rapid 6. 塑造（动词）；形状（名词）：shape 7. 青铜（名词）：bronze 8. 制品；陶器（名词）：ware 9. 石头；岩石（名词）：stone 10. 黄麻纤维（名词）：jute 11. 纤维；纤维素（名词）：fibre 12. 昂贵的；价格高的（形容词）：expensive 13. 官员；军官（名词）：officer 14. 作坊；讲习班（名词）：workshop 15. 没有一个；毫无（代词）：none 16. 理想的；最合适的（形容词）；理想；完美的人（或事物）（名词）：ideal 17. 树皮（名词）：bark 18. 某些；确定的（形容词）；某些（代词）：certain 19. 合适的；适宜的（形容词）：suitable 20. 液体（名词）；液体的（形容词）：liquid 21. 便宜的（形容词）；低廉地（副词）：cheap 22. 创造；作品（名词）：creation 23. 后来；其后（短语）：later on 24. (使) 加速（短语）：speed up 25. 阿拉伯的（形容词）；阿拉伯人（名词）：Arab 26. 造成；导致（短语）：result in 27. 导致；造成（短语）：lead to 28. 诞生；出现（名词）：birth 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 现实；事实（名词）：___________ 2. 造纸工艺；造纸业（名词）：___________ 3. 作为原因的；有责任的（形容词）：___________ 4. 引起某事（短语）：___________ 5. 迅速的；瞬间的（形容词）：___________ 6. 塑造（动词）；形状（名词）：___________ 7. 青铜（名词）：___________ 8. 制品；陶器（名词）：___________ 9. 石头；岩石（名词）：___________ 10. 黄麻纤维（名词）：___________ 11. 纤维；纤维素（名词）：___________ 12. 昂贵的；价格高的（形容词）：___________ 13. 官员；军官（名词）：___________ 14. 作坊；讲习班（名词）：___________ 15. 没有一个；毫无（代词）：___________ 16. 理想的；最合适的（形容词）；理想；完美的人（或事物）（名词）：___________ 17. 树皮（名词）：___________ 18. 某些；确定的（形容词）；某些（代词）：___________ 19. 合适的；适宜的（形容词）：___________ 20. 液体（名词）；液体的（形容词）：___________ 21. 便宜的（形容词）；低廉地（副词）：___________ 22. 创造；作品（名词）：___________ 23. 后来；其后（短语）：___________ 24. (使) 加速（短语）：___________ 25. 阿拉伯的（形容词）；阿拉伯人（名词）：___________ 26. 造成；导致（短语）：___________ 27. 导致；造成（短语）：___________ 28. 诞生；出现（名词）：___________ 二、必会考点 1. Can you imagine a world without books,newspapers,or magazines?你能想象一个没有书籍、报纸和杂志的世界吗？ imagine v. 想象；设想 词形拓展:imagined (过去式 / 过去分词)；imagining (现在分词)； imagination n. 想象力；想象；imaginary adj. 虚构的 固定搭配 1. imagine sth / sb 想象某物 / 某人 2. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事（中考高频，后接 doing，不能 to do） 3. imagine (that) + 从句 想象…… 4. imagine sb doing sth 想象某人做某事 中考例句 1. I can’t imagine living without the internet.我无法想象没有互联网的生活。 2. Imagine him completing the great project.想象一下他完成这项伟大工程的样子。 3. He has a rich imagination.他拥有丰富的想象力。 imagine 易混辨析表格 单词 / 短语 词性 核心用法 例句 imagine v.（实义动词） 想象；设想；后可接名词、doing、that 从句；不接 todo 作宾语 Can you imagine a world without paper?你能想象没有纸的世界吗？ imagine doing sth 动词短语 想象做某事，直接接动名词，无 to do I can’t imagine living without books.我无法想象没有书的生活。 imagine sb doing sth 动词短语 想象某人做某事；sb 用宾格，后接 doing，不能用 to do I imagine him completing the tunnel.我想象他建成这条隧道。 imagination n. 想象力；想象，作主语或宾语 The scientist has great imagination.这位科学家拥有极强的想象力。 imaginary adj. 虚构的、假想的（不是真实存在） This is an imaginary story. 这是一个虚构的故事。 【即学即练】 1. I can’t imagine ________ (travel) without magazines. 2. Imagine him ________ (finish) the papermaking experiment. 3. Kids usually have rich ________ (imagine). 4. We imagine that this new invention ________ (be) very helpful. 5. It is hard for us ________ (imagine) ancient life. 【参考答案】1. travelling 2. finishing 3. imagination 4. is 5. to imagine 2. All of these things depend on one invention—papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 短语 词性 核心用法 例句 depend on 动词短语 ①依靠、依赖某人 / 某物 ②（事情）取决于，由…… 决定 All of these things depend on one invention — papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 固定搭配 1. depend on sb/sth 依靠 / 依赖某人 / 某物 2. depend on sb to do sth 依靠某人去做某事 3. depend on + 从句 取决于…… 4. It depends. 看情况。（口语高频） 中考例句 1. All of these things depend on one invention — papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 2. We shouldn’t depend too much on others.我们不应该过度依赖别人。 3. Whether we will finish the project depends on the weather.我们能否完成这项工程取决于天气。 4. —Will you connect the machine?—— 你要连接这台机器吗？ —It depends.—— 看情况。 短语 核心含义 例句 depend on 依靠；取决于（客观） Success depends on hard work. 成功取决于努力。 rely on 依靠、信赖（侧重信任） We rely on the scientist’s ideas. 我们信赖这位科学家的想法。 【即学即练】 1. Our life ________ (depend) on many great inventions. 2. You shouldn’t depend on ________ (he) too much. 3. Success depends on ________ (work) hard. 4. This task can ________ (depend) on lots of workers. 5. Whether we complete the tunnel ________ (depend) on the weather. 【参考答案】1. depends 2. him 3. working 4. be depended on 5. depends 3. It,more than any other invention,was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.正是这项发明，胜过其他任何发明，促成了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。 ①more than超过；多于；不仅仅 短语 词性 核心用法 more than 短语 ①数量：超过，多于（= over）②程度：不仅仅，不只是 固定搭配 & 变形 1. more than + 数词 超过……（= over）例：more than 200 workers 两百多名工人 2. more than + 名词 不仅仅，不只是 例：He is more than a scientist. 他不仅仅是一位科学家。 3. no more than 仅仅，只不过（强调数量少） 4. not more than 至多，不超过 中考例句： 1. More than 1,000 books were produced every year.每年生产超过 1000 本书。 2. Cai Lun is more than an officer; he is a great inventor.蔡伦不仅仅是一名官员，他还是一位伟大的发明家。 短语 含义 例句 more than 超过；不仅仅 more than 500 >500；more than a tool 不只是一件工具 less than 少于，不足 less than one month 不到一个月 no more than 仅仅、只不过（带感情色彩） no more than 10 pages 仅仅 10 页 not more than 至多，不超过（客观） not more than 10 pages 不超过 10 页 【即学即练】 1. ________ (More than / No more than) 300 workers took part in the project.（超过） 2. He is ________ (more than /less than) a worker. He is also an inventor.（不仅仅） 3. The old collection has ________ (no more than /less than) five old books, only five.（仅仅） 4. There are ________ (more than) 200 magazines in the room.（同义替换写单词） 5. This is ________ (not more than /no more than) 10 minutes’ walk.（客观：不超过） 【参考答案】1. More than 2. more than 3. no more than 4. over 5. not more than ②responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的；成为…… 的原因 #固定搭配 1. be responsible for sth ①对…… 负有责任；②是造成…… 的原因（课本高频） 2. be responsible to sb*向某人负责 3. take responsibility for sth 为…… 承担责任（名词短语） 中考例句 1. The papermaking technique was responsible for the rapid spread of information.造纸术造成了信息的快速传播。 2. You are responsible for this animal‑friendly bridge project.你要对这项动物友好桥梁工程负责。 3. He takes responsibility for the whole experiment.他为整个实验承担责任。 结构 核心含义 例句 be responsible for sth 对某事负责；是某事的起因 Workers are responsible for the tunnel. 工人们对这条隧道负责。 be responsible to sb 向某人负责（人作宾语） The head officer is responsible to the emperor. 主管官员向皇帝负责。 take responsibility for 名词短语，承担…… 责任 Scientists take responsibility for the test. 科学家为这次试验承担责任。 【即学即练】 1. This invention was responsible ________ the spread of information.（填介词） 2. He is ________ (responsibility) for the papermaking experiment.（形容词） 3. He takes ________ (responsible) for the whole project.（名词） 4. The head officer ________ (be) responsible for the workshop long ago.（过去时） 5. You should be responsible ________ what you have done.（介词） 【参考答案】1. for 2. responsible 3. responsibility 4. was 5. for 4. In ancient China,many different materials were used to write on,such as animal bones,bronze ware, stones ,wood,bamboo,and even silk.在中国古代，人们使用过许许多多不同的材料来书写，例如兽骨、青铜器、石头、木头、竹子，甚至丝绸。 such as 例如；比如（用来列举部分例子） 用来列举部分事例，后面直接接名词 / 代词，不能接句子；不用逗号也可，前面常用逗号隔开 固定搭配 & 辨析 1. A, such as B, C and D A，例如 B、C 和 D 2. such as + 名词 / 名词短语，不能加逗号放在最后；不能与 and so on 重复滥用。 中考例句 We have many animal‑friendly bridges, such as this one.我们有很多动物友好型桥梁，比如这一座。 短语 用法 要点 例句 such as 例如 列举部分例子，后接名词短语，不用完整句子 Some plants, such as bamboo, were used for paper. 一些植物，例如竹子，被用来造纸。 for example 例如 举一个例子，作插入语，后面必须加逗号，可置于句首、句中、句末 For example, old clothes can be used to make paper. 例如，旧衣服可以用来造纸。 【即学即练】选词填空such as /for example 1. Many materials were used for writing, ________ bamboo and silk. 2. ________ , Cai Lun used old clothes to make paper. 3. We have many great inventions, ________ papermaking and printing. 4. Some plants, ________ bark, can be used to make paper. 5. ________ , the paper was cheap and light. 【参考答案】1. such as 2. For example 3. such as 4. such as 5. For example 5. As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty,Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem.作为东汉时期为皇帝服务的宫廷作坊主管，蔡伦对解决这一问题产生了兴趣。 be interested in对…… 感兴趣 固定搭配 1. be interested in sth 对某事 / 某物感兴趣 2. be interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣（中考高频，in 后接 doing） 3. become/get interested in 变得对…… 感兴趣（强调变化） 4. show interest in sth 对…… 表现出兴趣（interest 名词） 中考例句 1. Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem.蔡伦对解决这一问题产生了兴趣。 2. Many students are interested in ancient inventions.很多学生对古代发明感兴趣。 3. He shows great interest in the papermaking experiment.他对造纸实验表现出极大兴趣。 【即学即练】 1. Cai Lun became interested in ________ (solve) the problem of making paper. 2. My brother is ________ (interest) in ancient inventions.（人作主语） 3. The papermaking experiment is ________ (interest).（事物作主语） 4. He shows great ________ (interest) in the old silk.（名词） 5. They ________ (become) interested in printing centuries ago.（过去式） 【参考答案】1. solving 2. interested 3. interesting 4. interest 5. became 6. From past experiences,Cai Lun got the idea that bark,certain plants,and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on.从以往的经验中，蔡伦想到，可以利用树皮、某些植物以及旧衣物制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 副词：suitably；动词：suit（适合） #固定搭配 1. be suitable for sth / sb 适合某物 / 某人（中考高频） 2. be suitable to do sth. 适合去做某事（课本原句） 3. suitable for doing sth 适合做某事 #中考例句 1. Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on.蔡伦想到，可以利用树皮、某些植物以及旧衣物制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 2. This paper is suitable for daily use.这种纸适合日常使用。 3. The ground is not suitable for building tunnels.这片土地不适合修建隧道。 单词 词性 用法 例句 suitable 形容词 be suitable for/to do；描述事物属性，合适的 This material is suitable to write on. 这种材料适合书写。 suit 动词 适合；（颜色、款式）合身，直接接宾语 The paper suits our daily life. 这种纸适配我们的日常生活。 fit v./adj. 大小尺寸合身；fit sb； be fit for 胜任 He is fit for the job. 他胜任这份工作。 【即学即练】 1. This special material is suitable ________ (write) on.（to do） 2. The old clothes are not suitable ________ daily use.（介词） 3. This kind of plant is ________ (suit) for making paper.（形容词） 4. The track is not ________ (suit) for heavy trains.（形容词） 5. This kind of paper suits ________ (use) by ancient people.（suit sth for doing 结构，for doing） 【参考答案】1. to write 2. for 3. suitable 4. suitable 5. for using 7. In the first step of Cai Lun's experiment,all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.在蔡伦实验的第一步，所有原料被混合起来并在水中蒸煮。 ①mix v. （使）混合；调配   n. 混合；混合物 词形拓展：mixed (过去式、过去分词)；mixing (现在分词)；mixture n. 混合物 固定搭配 1. mix A with B把 A 和 B 混合（中考高频） 2. mix up 混淆；弄混 3. be mixed with被与…… 混合（被动语态） 4. mix together 混合在一起 中考例句 1. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.所有原料被混合起来并在水中蒸煮。 2. Please mix bark with old cloth.请把树皮和旧布料混合在一起。 3. Don’t mix up the two ancient materials.不要把这两种古代材料弄混淆。 4. The mixture is ready for the next step.这种混合物已经准备好进入下一步。 结构 用法 例句 mix A with B 把 A 与 B 混合（主动） Mix plants with old clothes. 把植物和旧衣物混合。 be mixed with 被动：A 被与 B 混合 Bark was mixed with water. 树皮被和水混合。 mix up 混淆，弄错 He mixed up the two rules. 他把两条规则弄混了。 mixture（名词） 混合物 a special mixture 一种特殊混合物 【即学即练】用适当形式填空 1. All the ingredients ________ (mix) with water in Cai Lun’s experiment. 2. You need ________ (mix) the plants and old clothes together. 3. Don’t mix ________ (they) up. They are different materials. 4. This ________ (mix) of plants and bark helped make paper. 5. The raw materials need ________ (mix) before boiling. 【参考答案】1. were mixed 2. to mix 3. them 4. mixture 5. mixing ②boil v. 煮沸；烧开；蒸煮 n. 沸腾 词形拓展：boiled (过去式 / 过去分词)；boiling (现在分词) boiled adj. 煮沸的；煮熟的boiling adj. 沸腾的；滚烫的 固定搭配 1. boil sth把某物煮沸 2. boil in water在水中蒸煮（课本短语） 3. boiled water 开水（已经烧开过的水） 4. boiling water 正在沸腾的水 中考例句 1. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.所有原料被混合起来并在水中蒸煮。 2. Cai Lun boiled the plant materials for hours.蔡伦把植物原料蒸煮数小时。 3. Please drink boiled water.请喝开水。 短语 词性 含义 例句 boiled water 形容词 + 名词 烧开过的水（已经冷却） We use boiled water for the experiment. 我们用烧开过的水做实验。 boiling water 形容词 + 名词 正在沸腾、滚烫的水 Be careful with boiling water. 小心滚烫的沸水。 be boiled 被动语态 被蒸煮 The materials were boiled for a long time. 原料被长时间蒸煮。 【即学即练】 1. All the materials were mixed and ________ (boil) in water. 2. ________ (boil) water is very hot, don’t touch it.（正在沸腾的） 3. We should drink ________ (boil) water in daily life.（烧开过的） 4. The plants need ________ (boil) for several hours.（need doing 主动表被动） 5. Cai Lun ________ (boil) the old clothes and plants many years ago.（过去式） 【参考答案】1. boiled 2. Boiling 3. boiled 4. boiling 5. boiled 8. To everyone's surprise,this paper was soft,light,easy to make and use,and most importantly,cheap.令所有人惊讶的是，这种纸柔软、轻便，易于制作和使用，最重要的是价格低廉。 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 固定搭配 1. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是（中考高频，放句首） 2. to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是 3. to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是 4. 拓展句型：be surprised at sth 对…… 感到惊讶（be+adj） 中考例句 1. To his surprise, the experiment succeeded.令他惊讶的是，这个实验成功了。 2. He was surprised at the new‑type paper.他对这种新型纸张感到惊讶。 结构 用法 例句 to one’s surprise 插入语，句首；one’s 用形容词性物主代词；后面逗号 To her surprise, the paper worked well.令她惊讶的是，这种纸效果很好。 be surprised at sth 人作主语，surprised 形容词，感到惊讶 He is surprised at the result. 他对结果感到惊讶。 surprising 形容词，事物 “令人吃惊的” a surprising result 一个令人吃惊的结果 【即学即练】 1. ________ (To everyone’s / To everyone) surprise, the paper was cheap. 2. To ________ (he) surprise, the papermaking experiment was successful.（物主代词） 3. He was ________ (surprise) at the light paper.（修饰人） 4. This is a ________ (surprise) invention for ancient people.（修饰事物） 5. To our ________ (surprised/surprise), the technique spread fast.（名词） 【参考答案】1. To everyone’s 2. his 3. surprised 4. surprising 5. surprise 9.The emperor was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work.皇帝十分满意，对蔡伦的杰出贡献予以嘉奖。 pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的 固定搭配 1. be pleased with sth / sb对…… 感到满意（中考高频） 2. be pleased to do sth 很高兴做某事 3. be pleased that + 从句 很高兴…… 4. praise sb for sth 因某事表扬某人 中考例句 1. I am pleased with this new kind of paper.我对这种新纸很满意。 2. We are pleased to see the great invention.我们很高兴看到这项伟大的发明。 单词 词性 用法 例句 pleased adj. 人作主语，感到满意、高兴 The emperor was pleased. 皇帝很满意。 pleasant adj. 物作主语，令人愉快的（环境、事物） a pleasant experience 一次令人愉快的经历 pleasure n. 快乐；愉快，作主语 / 宾语 It’s my pleasure. 不客气。 【即学即练】 1. The emperor was very ________ (please) with Cai Lun’s paper.（形容词，人感到满意） 2. We are pleased ________ (see) the papermaking experiment.（to do） 3. Everyone had a ________ (please) trip to the museum.（修饰事物，令人愉快的） 4. It is my ________ (please) to know about ancient inventions.（名词） 5. My teacher is pleased ________ my invention.（填介词） 【参考答案】1. pleased 2. to see 3. pleasant 4. pleasure 5. with 10.Later on,the papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture,but also changed civilizations around the world.后来，造纸术不仅加快了中华文化的发展，也改变了世界各地的文明。 not only…but also… 不但…… 而且……（并列连词短语） 用于连接两个并列成分；谓语动词遵循就近原则；可连接名词、形容词、动词、句子。 固定搭配 1. not only +A but also +B 不但 A，而且 B 2. 连接两个主语时，谓语动词和but also 后面的主语保持一致（就近原则） 3. not only…but also… 连接谓语动词时，动词形式保持一致 4. 倒装考点：Not only 置于句首，前半句部分倒装（中考常考） 中考例句 1. The papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world.造纸术不仅加快了中华文化的发展，也改变了世界各地的文明。 2. Cai Lun was not only an officer but also a great inventor.蔡伦不仅是一名官员，还是一位伟大的发明家。 3. Not only he but also his friends are interested in papermaking. 不仅他，他的朋友们也对造纸术感兴趣。（就近，和 friends 一致，用 are） 短语 核心规则 例句 not only…but also… 不但… 而且…；就近原则 Not only you but also he knows the story. both…and… 两者都；谓语必须用复数 Both you and he know the story. 【即学即练】 1. This invention not only changed China but ________ changed the whole world. 2. Not only the students but also their teacher ________ (be) interested in papermaking. 3. Not only printing but also books ________ (play) an important role in old days. 4. Both Cai Lun and his workers ________ (make) great achievements. 5. She is not only hard‑working ________ creative. 【参考答案】1. also 2. was 3. played 4. made 5. but also 11.When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books.在之后的数个世纪里，纸张与印刷术结合使用，使得书籍的数量迅速增长。 ①lead to 动词短语：导致；引起；促成 短语 核心用法 词形拓展 lead to ①导致，造成（结果）；to 是介词，后接名词 /doing②leadledled 不规则变化 lead v. 带领；引导；leader n. 领导者 固定搭配 1. lead to + 名词 导致……（中考高频） 2. lead to doing sth 导致做某事（to 为介词，不能接 to do） 3. lead sb to + 地点 带领某人去某地 4. lead sb to do sth 促使某人做某事（此处 to 是不定式符号） 中考例句 1. When the use of paper and printing came together, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books.纸张与印刷术结合使用，使得书籍的数量迅速增长。 2. Carelessness leads to mistakes.粗心会导致错误。 3. The discovery led people to improve the old skill.这个发现促使人们改进这项古老技艺。 结构 要点 例句 lead to + n./doing to 介词，表 “导致” The invention led to great changes. lead sb to do sth to 不定式，促使某人做 The news led him to try new methods. lead sb to + 地点 带领某人到某处 He led the workers to the workshop. 【即学即练】 1. Paper‑making led ________ the fast development of culture. 2. The new skill ________ (lead) to big changes hundreds of years ago. 3. Bad conditions lead to ________ (produce) poor‑quality paper. 4. The success led many people ________ (learn) this skill. 5. Hard work ________ (lead) to his great success in the past. 【参考答案】1. to 2. led 3. producing 4. to learn 5. led ②the number of ……… 的数量 短语 核心用法 例句 the number of 表示 “…… 的数量”；作主语，谓语动词用单数 The number of books increased quickly.书籍的数量迅速增长。 固定搭配 1. the number of + 复数名词 …… 的数量，谓语用单数 2. a number of + 复数名词 许多、大量的……，谓语用复数 中考例句 1. It led to a rapid increase in the number of books.这使得书籍的数量迅速增长。 2. The number of ancient inventions is becoming larger.古代发明的数量变得越来越多。 3. A number of workers helped Cai Lun make paper.许多工人帮助蔡伦造纸。 短语 含义 主语中心词 谓语动词 例句 the number of …… 的数量 number（单数） 单数 The number of plants is large. 植物的数量很多。 a number of 许多，大量 后面的复数名词 复数 A number of plants are used for making paper. 许多植物被用来造纸。 【即学即练】 1. The number of old books ________ (be) growing fast. 2. A number of materials ________ (be) mixed to make paper. 3. The number of workers in the workshop ________ (be) small long ago. 4. A number of great inventions ________ (change) the world. 5. The number of people interested in papermaking ________ (get) larger now. 【参考答案】1. is 2. are 3. was 4. changed 5. is getting 1、 必背单词（语法填空高频・词形变换） 单词 词性 释义 词形变形（易错） reality n. 现实；事实 real adj. 真实的；realize v. 意识到 responsible adj. 作为原因的；有责任的 responsibility n. 责任 rapid adj. 迅速的 rapidly adv. 迅速地 shape v./n. 塑造；形状 expensive adj. 昂贵的 inexpensive adj. 不贵的；cheap adj. 便宜的 none pron. 没有一个；毫无 辨析：none /no one ideal adj./n. 理想的；理想 certain adj. 某些；确定的 certainly adv. 当然 suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 suit v. 适合 birth n. 诞生；出生 bear v. 生育；born adj. 出生 2、 核心固定搭配（课文原句） 1. turn … into reality 把…… 变为现实（标题原句） We can turn our great ideas into reality.我们可以把伟大的想法变为现实。 2. depend on 依靠；依赖 All of these things depend on one invention‑papermaking.所有这些事物都依赖一项发明 —— 造纸术。 3. be responsible for 是…… 的原因；对…… 负责 It was responsible for the rapid spread of information.它造成了信息的快速传播。 4. either…or… 要么…… 要么……；或者…… 或者…… All these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive.这些材料要么难以使用储存，要么十分昂贵。 5. be suitable to do sth适合做某事 Bark could be used to make a material suitable to write on.树皮可以被用来制作适合书写的材料。 6. a new birth of … …… 的诞生 Papermaking led to a new birth of knowledge.造纸术促成了知识的新生。 三、课文长难句考点 1. Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines?你能想象一个没有书籍、报纸和杂志的世界吗？ 👉 without 介词，没有；否定句并列用 or，不用 and。 2. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.它比其他任何发明都更促成信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。 👉定语从句 that shaped our modern world 修饰 information；rapidly 副词修饰动词。 3. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive.然而，这些材料要么难以使用储存，要么价格十分昂贵。 👉`either…or…`就近原则；`be + adj. + to do`主动表被动。 4. Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on.蔡伦想到，树皮、某些植物和旧衣物可以用来制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 👉that 引导同位语从句；suitable to write on 作后置定语。 $