Unit 4 Natural Disasters 写作精炼-2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册单元话题写作精讲（人教版）

高中人教版·必修 Unit4 Natural Disasters写作精炼 A sum mary of a news report(新闻报道摘要) Unit 4 Natural Disasters 写作任务：A summary of a news report(新闻报道摘要) 审题 1 话题：基于一篇关于自然灾害的新闻报道（如地震、台风、洪水、火山爆发等），用简洁的 语言概括事件的时间、地点、起因、经过、结果及影响。 2体裁：应用文一一新闻报道摘要。要求客观、精炼、准确，不加入个人观点或评论。 3人称：以第三人称(the earthquake/the typhoon/rescuers/victims等)为主， 避免使用第一、第二人称。 4时态：以一般过去时为核心时态（报道已发生的事件）；若涉及持续影响或普逼事实可用 一般现在时；若涉及“据报道”等引述可用过去完成时或被动语态。 5字数要求：高考标准100-120词（摘要通常更精炼，可控制在80-100词，但本任务按 高考要求100-120词)。 6 核心要点： >交代新闻来源(A news report says.,/According to a news report.) ,时间、地点、灾害类型 >事件经过（破坏情况、伤亡、救援） >结果与影响（损失、善后、国际援助等） 二、 文章结构 1 开头段(20-30词) 〉点明新闻报道的主题，快速交代灾害的基本信息（时间、地点、灾害类型）。 >According to a news report,a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck.../A powerful typhoon hit... 2 主体段(50-70词) 〉按逻辑顺序概括事件经过： ,灾害造成的破坏(buildings collapsed,roads damaged,power cut of) ,伤亡与失踪人数(At least 100 people were killed,hundreds injured) >救援行动(rescue teams were sent,soldiers and volunteers joined) >影响与后续(tens of thousands were left homeless,.international aid arrived) 3 结尾段(20-30词) >总结事件结果或后续进展（如重建工作已经开始，或需进一步救援）。 >避免主观评价，保持客观。 三、核心词句 1.核心词汇 词汇 释义 disaster n.灾难(natural disaster自然灾害) strike/hit v.袭击(struck/hit,过去式) destroy /destruction v.摧毁；n.破坏 damage n.N.损害 collapse V.倒塌 rescue/rescuer n.N.救援；n.救援人员 victim n.受害者；遇难者 survivor n.幸存者 injure/injury /the injured v.受伤；n.伤；伤者 shelter n.避难所v.庇护 evacuate /evacuation v.疏散；n.疏散 relief relief supplies n.救济；救援物资 2.常用短语 短语 释义 be struck by 被…袭击 cause widespread damage 造成大范围破坏 cut off 切断（道路、电力等） be left homeless 变得无家可归 search for survivors 搜寻幸存者 send rescue teams 派遣救援队 provide emergency supplies 提供紧急物资 in the aftermath of 在…之后（常指灾后） 3.基础造句 1 According to a news report,a strong earthquake struck the city yesterday morning. 据新闻报道，昨天早晨一场强烈地震袭击了该城市。 2 Many buildings collapsed,and hundreds of people were injured. 许多建筑倒塌，数百人受伤。 3 Rescue teams were quickly sent to the affected area to search for survivors. 救援队迅速被派往受灾地区搜寻幸存者。 4The government has set up temporary shelters for those who lost their homes. 政府已为失去家园的人设立了临时避难所。 四、好词好句（高级加分句型） 高级词汇替换 普通】 happenedoccurred /took place 普通 many countless a large number of 普通 destroyedcompletely destroyed reduced to ruins 普通 helped(provided assistance came to the aid of 普通 after the disasterin the aftermath of the disaster 普通】 people(victims/residents/local inhabitants 加分句型 1According to a news report,a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck...at 2:00 a.m. local time,causing massive destruction. 据新闻报道，当地时间凌晨2点一场7.8级地震袭击了…，造成了巨大破坏。 (现在分词短语作结果状语) 2 So severe was the damage that countless buildings collapsed within minutes. 破坏如此严重，以至于无数建筑在几分钟内倒塌。 (so.that.倒装结构) 3 It is reported that more than 200 people lost their lives,with thousands more injured. 据报道，超过200人丧生，另有数千人受伤。 (It is reported that..主语从句+with复合结构) 4The local government,together with the Red Cross,has sent emergency supplies to the disaster-stricken areas. 当地政府连同红十字会已向灾区运送了紧急物资。 (插入语结构，主语一致时谓语看第一个名词) 五、写作模板(100-120词) 标题（可省略，若题目要求可写） Summary of a News Report According to a news report,.a+灾害类型+hit/struck+地点+时间.The disaster caused+简要破坏描述. (具体数据)were reported dead/injured/missing.+救援行动描述.+后续影响描述. In the aftermath of the disaster,+善后措施或援助情况.The situation is still being assessed,but rescue efforts are underway. 参考翻译： 标题（可省略，若题目要求可写） Summary of a News Report(新闻报道摘要) 据新闻报道，一场+灾害类型+袭击了+地点+时间。这场灾害造成了十简要破坏描述。 (具体数据)据报死亡/受伤/失踪。+救援行动描述。+后续影响描述。 灾后，+善后措施或援助情况。情况仍在评估中，但救援工作正在进行。 模板示例（针对地震） Summary of a News Report According to a news report,a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck Nepal on April 25 at 11:56 a.m.local time.The earthquake caused massive destruction,with thousands of buildings collapsing and many roads being cut off At least 1,500 people were killed and over 4,000 were injured.Rescue teams, including soldiers and volunteers,were immediately sent to search for survivors trapped under the ruins.Hundreds of thousands of residents were left homeless and in urgent need of food,water,and medical aid. In the aftermath of the disaster,the government set up temporary shelters and international aid began to arrive.Although the damage is severe,efforts to rebuild the affected areas have already started. 六、 作文仿军(120词左右) 仿写题目：根据以下新闻信息，写一篇100-120词的新闻报道摘要。 新闻：2023年9月8日，摩洛哥发生6.8级地震，震中位于马拉喀什西南约72公里。 死亡人数超过2900人，受伤人数超过5500人。大量传统泥砖房屋倒塌，救援困 难。摩洛哥政府和国际组织派出救援队，并提供帐篷、食物和医疗用品。 Summary of a News Report According to a news report,a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck Morocco on September 8,2023,with its epicenter about 72 km southwest of Marrakech.The quake caused widespread destruction,especially to traditional mud-brick houses in mountainous villages. It is reported that over 2,900 people lost their lives,and more than 5,500 were injured.Rescue teams from the Moroccan government and international organizations were quickly sent to the affected areas.However,the rough terrain made rescue efforts extremely difficult.Thousands of survivors were left homeless and temporary shelters were set up to provide tents,food,and medical supplies. In the aftermath of the disaster,the government is working hard to deliver aid to remote villages.Although the situation remains serious,rescue and relief operations are continuing. (120 words) 参考译文： 新闻报道摘要 据新闻报道，2023年9月8日，摩洛哥发生6.8级地震，震中位于马拉喀什西南约72公里。地震造成了大范围 破坏，尤其是山区村庄的传统泥砖房屋。 据报道，超过2900人丧生，超过5500人受伤。摩洛哥政府和国际组织的救援队迅速被派往受灾地区。然而， 崎岖的地形使救援工作极其困难。数千名幸存者无家可归，临时避难所已搭建起来，以提供帐篷、食物和医疗 用品。 灾后，政府正努力向偏远村庄运送援助。尽管情况仍然严峻，救援和救济行动仍在继续。 (120词) 拓展范文背诵积累 范文一：建议朋友提高阅读理解能力 Dear Li Hua, I am sorry to hear that you have difficulty in reading comprehension.I am writing to offer you some effective advice. First of all,it is a good idea to read English newspapers every day,because it helps you get used to different sentence structures and expand vocabulary.Besides,you should take notes of key words while reading,which can help you grasp the main idea quickly.Last but not least,I strongly advise you to discuss difficult passages with classmates,as it is beneficial to understanding deeper meanings. I hope my suggestions will be useful.I'm sure you will make progress soon. Yours sincerely, Tom 范文二：建议同学克服考试焦虑 Dear Wang Wei, I'm glad to receive your letter asking for advice on how to overcome exam anxiety. I'd like to share some useful tips with you. First of all,it is a good idea to make a detailed study plan,because it can help you feel more prepared and less nervous.Besides,you should take deep breaths before the exam,which can calm you down and improve focus.Last but not least,I strongly advise you to get enough sleep the night before,as it is beneficial to keeping a clear mind. I hope my advice will be helpful.I'm looking forward to your good news. Yours sincerely, Zhang Wei