Unit 4 课时1 Section 1 Reading（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“分层进阶+主题融合”为特色，通过A/B/C组及拓展四层设计，实现从词汇句型基础到语篇综合应用的知识巩固，适配新授课差异化教学需求，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇/基础句型|罗列重点词汇及句型，夯实语言基础| |B组|词汇应用/语法结构|单词拼写、语法选择等题型，衔接基础与能力| |C组|语篇理解/思维分析|完形填空、阅读理解，提升逻辑思维与问题解决能力| |拓展|中考题型/综合能力|中考真题还原，对接升学要求，强化综合语言运用|

Unit 4 The Earth 课时1 Section 1 Reading 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 s ystem n. 系统 file n. 档案 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的 planet n. 行星 billion num. 十亿 cover v. 盖；覆盖 area n. 地区；地域 freezing adj. 极冷的 north n. 北；北方 pole n.（行星的）极；地极 desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 metre n. 米 reach v. 足够达到 grain n. 谷粒 wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的 whale n. 鲸 butterfly n. 蝴蝶 provide v. 提供；供应 support v. 支持；维持 explore v. 探索 s olar syste m 太阳系 fact file 事实档案 be covered by 被…… 覆盖 as far as we know 据我们所知 sea level 海平面 what’s more 更重要的是 provide … with … 提供；供应；给予 take care of 照顾；照料 句型 1. The plants on Earth are wonderful in many different ways .地球上的植物以多种多样的方式展现着奇妙。 2. There are fields and mountains, rivers and seas, forests and deserts.有田野、山脉、江河、海洋、森林和沙漠。 3. The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice.最小的植物只有谷粒大小。 4. The Earth is home to millions of animals.地球是数百万动物的家园。 5. What’s more , the Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy.此外，地球为我们提供所需要的一切，例如食物、水、空气和能源。 6. Let’s explore , learn about and take care of our home.让我们去探索、了解并且爱护我们的家园。 ) 一、单词拼写 1.The earth p________ us with fresh water and food every day. 2.Many b________ live in the deep sea. 3.Scientists want to e________ Mars to find signs of life. 4.There are about one b________ people in this country. 5.These f________ keep all our important documents safe. 6.It is f________ in the polar areas all year long. 7.A lot of b________ fly from flower to flower in spring. 8.This s________ helps us study the solar system. 9.The desert a________ is very dry and few trees can grow there. 10.The river is over 20 m________ wide. 11.This is an a________ story about our beautiful planet. 12.Few plants can grow in the hot d________. 13.We must s________ life on our planet. 14.The tall trees can r________ more than 120 metres. 15.The North P________ is covered with ice and snow. 16.The n________ part of China gets very cold in winter. 17.Farmers collect every g________ of rice in autumn. 18.Clouds will c________ the whole city tomorrow. 19.Earth is a p________ with water and living things. 20.You can see a w________ lake behind the house. 二、根据中文意思补全英文句子。（每空一词） 1._______________ _______________ _______________ _______________（据我们所知），there are many kinds of animals on Earth. 2.Our earth _______________ _______________ _______________（被…… 覆盖）lots of water. 3.The sun is the centre of the _______________ _______________（太阳系）. 4.You can read the _______________ _______________（事实档案）to get more facts about Mars. 5.That high mountain is more than 9000 metres above _______________ _______________（海平面）. 6._______________ _______________（更重要的是），plants can make fresh air for us. 7.Nature can _______________ people _______________ food and water.（为…… 提供……） 8.We should _______________ _______________ _______________（照顾；照料）our planet. 一、语法选择 阅读下面短，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 It’s very important for all of us to recycle (回收利用). In nature, everything is reused (重新使用). For example, when 1 animal dies, it becomes other animals’ food. Nothing is wasted. But humans make 2 difficult for nature to reuse, like plastic. It can last for a long time in nature. Our rubbish is not only 3 for animals but also pollutes water and land. If we keep 4 too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. We must recycle the rubbish, 5 nature can’t reuse it. For example, we can try our best 6 materials (材料) such as paper and plastic again. What’s more, recycling is 7 the right thing to save natural materials. As far as we know, the Earth is rich in natural materials such as water and trees, but there are not endless materials. We use our natural materials faster than the Earth makes 8 again. For example, each year we cut down more than 6,000 square miles of forest. But it 9 several years for a new tree to grow. So, we should make good use 10 these natural materials. Recycling can help us save the Earth, so let’s take action right now. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 3．A．harm B．harmful C．harmfully D．harmfulness 4．A．make B．made C．making D．to make 5．A．because B．unless C．so D．though 6．A．use B．to use C．using D．used 7．A．too B．also C．either D．neither 8．A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 9．A．take B．takes C．took D．is taking 10．A．in B．off C．for D．of 二、从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 groundwater, harmful, chemical, pollution, protect, planet, energy, cut down, provide, ocean 1．The Earth is our home . 2．Factories use a lot of dangerous farm to grow crops. 3．People burn oil and gas to make for daily use. 4．There are fewer and fewer fish in the because of overfishing. 5． gases from factories make the air dirty. 6．Farmers use too many chemicals, so there is less clean . 7．People too many trees, so forest land is becoming smaller. 8．The Earth us with food, water and air. 9．Water is a big problem in many rivers and lakes. 10．We should take action to our beautiful planet. 一、完形填空 The Earth is a beautiful planet with forests, rivers and oceans. It is our home, and it gives us 1 we need to live. However, human beings hurt the planet in many ways. Many people cut down trees for money. Forests become smaller, and some animals lose their living 2 . Water pollution is getting worse. People throw rubbish into water, and factories make the water 3 . As a result, more water animals are dying every year. Air pollution is also 4 . Harmful gases make the sky grey and bring bad weather. Now, more and more people start to realize the 5 of protecting nature. Volunteers organize different kinds of cleaning activities. On sunny weekends, they go to the beach to 6 rubbish. Students learn to save energy at school. They turn off lights when classrooms are 7 . Saving the Earth is not only a task for scientists, 8 for every common person. We do not need to do big difficult things. Even 9 smallest action can help our planet. Never forget: we have only one Earth. Let’s work together and make a big 10 to our home. 1．A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything 2．A．places B．pets C．food D．energy 3．A．clean B．fresh C．dirty D．cold 4．A．simple B．serious C．peaceful D．boring 5．A．importance B．difficulty C．generation D．chemical 6．A．blow away B．pick up C．cut down D．give up 7．A．full B．busy C．empty D．noisy 8．A．but B．so C．or D．and 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．mistake B．difference C．problem D．noise 二、阅读理解 A In the rainforests and mountains of Colombia, there’s a woman. You may never see her, but she’s there all the time. She wears a dress and she uses grass to make it. She has no shoes on her feet and she wears a ring of wild flowers on her head. Her name is Mother Mountain. Her job is to look after nature. The animals of the rainforests and mountains love her. One morning, a man comes into the forest. He sees a rabbit and begins to catch (捕捉) it. At this time, Mother Mountain comes and catches his left hand. “Why do you come into the forest?” she asks. “To get something for my children to eat,” the man says. “You can’t catch any animals,” Mother Mountain says. Her green eyes turn red and she says, “Nature is important for you and me! Get to sleep now. Then wake up (醒来) and see!” The man falls to the grass in a deep sleep. The rabbit touches (触碰) Mother Mountain with its head to show thanks. The man sleeps from 10:00 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Then he wakes up from his deep sleep and looks around. He doesn’t see Mother Mountain. She isn’t there. He only sees how beautiful the forest and its animals are. He walks home and tells himself not to catch an animal again. 1．What is Mother Mountain’s dress made of? A．Vegetables. B．Paper. C．Flowers. D．Grass. 2．How do you understand “Her green eyes turn red” in Paragraph 3? A．Mother Mountain becomes angry (生气的). B．Mother Mountain’s eyes have two colors. C．It’s too cold in the rainforests and mountains. D．The temperature makes Mother Mountain hot. 3．The man comes to the forest to ________. A．find an animal to play with B．look for something to eat C．visit Mother Mountain D．have a deep sleep 4．How long does the man sleep? A．For two hours. B．For two and a half hours. C．For three hours. D．For three and a half hours. 5．What does this text want to tell us? A．Rabbits are our friends. B．We shouldn’t do things alone (独自). C．We should protect (保护) nature. D．We should sleep well at night. B A study found that most species (物种) of birds in the USA have shrunk (缩小) in size in the past 38 years. Scientists say this is because of climate change. This shrinking in size follows Bergmann’s Rule (伯格曼法则). The rule says that animals in cooler areas are usually large, because larger animals are able to keep warmer. As global (全球的) warming influences (影响) the Earth, animals now have to make changes to face rising temperatures. Some of them shrink in size. Scientists studied over 70,000 specimens of birds. They found that some birds in North America were shrinking in size. Studies on other animals also show the same. What does this mean to these species? First, global warming is happening faster than ever before. So animals may not be able to change fast enough. Besides, when a species shrinks, other things will get influenced. When an animal’s body shrinks, it may not be able to give birth to as many young as before, this may influence the size of the species’ population (总量). Maybe scientists haven’t understood how changes in size may influence the ability (能力) of animals to survive (生存). This shows the bigger problem with climate change: we aren’t always able to predict what will happen when the Earth’s temperature keeps rising. And that is the real danger. 1．What happened to some birds in the USA according to the study? A．They moved to cooler areas. B．They became smaller in size. C．They died from climate change. D．They didn’t have enough food. 2．Why are animals in cold areas larger? A．Because larger animals are able to keep warmer. B．Because animals in cold areas can eat more food. C．Because larger animals love living in cold areas. D．Because animals in cold areas can grow faster. 3．What may happen if the body of a species gets smaller? A．The species may move to cold areas. B．The Earth may become warmer quickly. C．The species’ population may be smaller. D．The species may lose their ability to survive. 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A．Animals now have to make changes to face global warming. B．Some other animals were shrinking in size, too. C．When a species shrinks, it may not be able to give birth to the young. D．The shrinking in size follows Bergmann’s Rule. 5．What does the writer want to tell us by writing this passage? A．Scientists have fully understood how animals will change. B．Climate change is a serious problem with uncertain dangers. C．The Earth’s temperature will stop rising soon. D．Birds are the only animals affected by global warming. 三、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，完成1至5小题。 Every winter, Zhanqiao Pier in Qingdao is full of seagulls. They fly around happily. It is the city’s warm and lovely sight (风景) in winter. The story began in 1994. Back at that time, only about 100 seagulls came here. But today, more than 100,000 seagulls get here each winter. Qingdao turns “seagulls flying over blue seas” into a special symbol of the city. 32 years ago, people started to protect (保护) the seagulls with a simple kind act. Now, this act becomes a daily habit of people in this city. It shows Qingdao’s idea of living together with nature. The great growth in the seagull number shows Qingdao’s good work in protecting nature. Many years ago, seagulls only stayed near Zhanqiao Pier. Now, they also live in Tangdao Bay (湾) and Jiaozhou Bay. Some birds like black-headed gulls even choose to live here. This comes from the city’s work to care for (关爱) nature. Birds rest in some places in their long travel. Qingdao turns these places into their nice homes. It shows that Qingdao cares a lot about nature while building the city. Feeding the seagulls becomes an activity people love. The beautiful sight of living together between the city and nature is the result (结果) of years of hard work. 1．What does “it” refer to (指代) in Para.1? ________________________________________________________ 2．What is the special symbol of Qingdao? ________________________________________________________ 3．What shows Qingdao’s good work in protecting nature? ________________________________________________________ 4．Where can people see seagulls in Qingdao besides (除了) Zhanqiao Pier? ________________________________________________________ 5．Do you like seagulls? Why? ________________________________________________________ 一、完形填空 （2026·甘肃·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。 The Journey of a Plastic Bottle I am a plastic (塑料的) bottle. A week ago, I was 1 a supermarket shelf. I had a normal life, the same as all my brothers and sisters — other bottles full of water. I felt really happy. Then a tall woman 2 me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the fridge. It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. 3 , only a few hours later, she took me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a dustbin. I had never felt so empty and 4 in my life. Early the next morning, a man took me out of the dustbin. He threw me and other rubbish into the back of a truck. There were so many horrible smells. Then I was pushed together with the rest of the rubbish. Soon I was completely 5 . I could not believe how thin I became. I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found 6 in a terrible place. Everything around me was 7 and had horrible smells. I felt afraid. I kept hoping that I would be moved somewhere else. Then several huge trucks came and covered us with a layer of 8 . I asked another bottle what would happen to us. He said we would have to stay here for thousands of years. “Why can’t they reuse or 9 us?” I cried. “I wish someone would save me and give me a 10 life. But who and when?” I asked. 1．A．in B．on C．for D．to 2．A．picked B．threw C．hid D．broke 3．A．Unless B．If C．Therefore D．However 4．A．asleep B．alone C．alive D．awake 5．A．flat B．empty C．clean D．light 6．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．itself 7．A．ugly B．beautiful C．noisy D．clean 8．A．mud B．soil C．water D．sand 9．A．recycle B．reborn C．rethink D．reduce 10．A．first B．second C．third D．last 二、阅读理解 （2026·湖北武汉·中考真题） The ocean covers most of our planet, yet we know very little about it. Our ocean is as mysterious as it is beautiful. In fact, we have better maps of Mars than we do of the ocean floor. Why? Exploring (探索) the ocean is a really hard job. There’s a lot of ocean—about 1.4 billion trillion litres (升). That’s 1,400,000,000,000,000,000,000! ★ . One of their most important goals is to learn about coral reefs (珊瑚礁), which are home to lots of sea plants and animals. Do you know that coral is an animal, not a plant? Tiny animals called polyps (珊瑚虫) build the hard part of the coral as a home to live in. They are called “architects” in the ocean. However, many coral reefs around the world are in danger. That’s where a clever method called “coral gardening” comes in—giving reefs a second chance. Here’s how it works in four steps: First, scientists collect small pieces of coral from coral reefs. Then they break them into even smaller ones—tiny pieces grow faster. After that, they place the pieces in lab-controlled or underwater nurseries (苗圃), where tiny pieces are taken good care of. Finally, once strong enough, they are planted onto rock or man-made reefs so that they can grow on their own. A typical example is the L-shaped Reef. Since 1982, scientists have placed old subway cars into the sea. These strange “homes” have created a huge man-made reef. Now, polyps and fish are moving in! To know more about the ocean, a volunteer, Paul Green started the Big Bag Project in 2025. It calls on beach visitors to help collect information on plastics and water temperature through a bag which is connected with an app. Next time you go to the beach, take a bag, pick up some rubbish, and have a closer connection with the ocean. 1．What does the number in paragraph 1 tell us about the ocean? A．How much salt there is. B．How cold the deep ocean is. C．How large the ocean is. D．How many sea plants there are. 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Some sea animals are making a comeback B．The ocean is full of wonders to be discovered C．But many scientists are taking on this challenge D．So protecting the ocean is everyone’s responsibility 3．What does the underlined word “architects” mean? A．People who build houses. B．Machines that carry things. C．Workers who collect coral. D．Animals that live in the sea. 4．In the picture CORAL GARDENING, what is the third step? A．Breaking. B．Nursing. C．Planting. D．Collecting. 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce the Big Bag Project. B．To show the hidden beauty of the ocean. C．To teach us how to become an ocean biologist. D．To encourage more people to explore the ocean. 三、阅读还原 （2026·山西·中考真题）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Imagine you have just cleaned your classroom. Then a strict teacher in school walks in, looks around, and gives you a big smile. 1 But this time the testers are birds. In recent years, groups of rare (稀有的) birds like black storks and egrets have been seen along the Fenhe River. 2 These birds are very picky: they only live near clean water. Their arrival makes the river full of life. Things were quite different in the past. There were few rare birds. 3 Because the river was polluted seriously. Then the government started a plan to bring the river back to life. Workers spared no effort to turn dirty water into clean water. 4 These wetlands helped clean the water. The water quality has improved a lot. 5 There are more plants growing in the wetlands. More and more birds choose the Fenhe River as their winter home. When people take care of nature, nature gives back. The balance between humans and nature has become a reality in Shanxi. A．Why was that? B．They rest along the river banks playing happily. C．The results of people’s hard work are easy to see. D．The Fenhe River is the mother river of Shanxi Province. E．That is exactly what is happening along the Fenhe River. F．What’s more, they cleaned and added wetlands along the river. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Earth 课时1 Section 1 Reading 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 s ystem n. 系统 file n. 档案 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的 planet n. 行星 billion num. 十亿 cover v. 盖；覆盖 area n. 地区；地域 freezing adj. 极冷的 north n. 北；北方 pole n.（行星的）极；地极 desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 metre n. 米 reach v. 足够达到 grain n. 谷粒 wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的 whale n. 鲸 butterfly n. 蝴蝶 provide v. 提供；供应 support v. 支持；维持 explore v. 探索 s olar syste m 太阳系 fact file 事实档案 be covered by 被…… 覆盖 as far as we know 据我们所知 sea level 海平面 what’s more 更重要的是 provide … with … 提供；供应；给予 take care of 照顾；照料 句型 1. The plants on Earth are wonderful in many different ways .地球上的植物以多种多样的方式展现着奇妙。 2. There are fields and mountains, rivers and seas, forests and deserts.有田野、山脉、江河、海洋、森林和沙漠。 3. The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice.最小的植物只有谷粒大小。 4. The Earth is home to millions of animals.地球是数百万动物的家园。 5. What’s more , the Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy.此外，地球为我们提供所需要的一切，例如食物、水、空气和能源。 6. Let’s explore , learn about and take care of our home.让我们去探索、了解并且爱护我们的家园。 ) 一、单词拼写 1.The earth p________ us with fresh water and food every day. 【答案】provides 【详解】句意：地球每天为我们提供淡水和食物。主语 the earth 是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式；provide…with… 为固定搭配，provide 意为 “提供；供应”。故填 provides。 2.Many b________ live in the deep sea. 【答案】whales 【详解】句意：许多鲸生活在深海。many 后接可数名词复数；whale 意为 “鲸”，复数形式 whales。故填 whales。 3.Scientists want to e________ Mars to find signs of life. 【答案】explore 【详解】句意：科学家想要探索火星寻找生命迹象。want to do sth. 后接动词原形；explore 意为 “探索”。故填 explore。 4.There are about one b________ people in this country. 【答案】billion 【详解】句意：这个国家大约有十亿人口。billion 为数词，表示 “十亿”，前面有具体数字时用单数。故填 billion。 5.These f________ keep all our important documents safe. 【答案】files 【详解】句意：这些档案保存着我们所有重要文件。these 后接可数名词复数；file 意为 “档案”，复数 files。故填 files。 6.It is f________ in the polar areas all year long. 【答案】freezing 【详解】句意：极地地区终年极度寒冷。be 动词后接形容词作表语；freezing 意为 “极冷的”。故填 freezing。 7.A lot of b________ fly from flower to flower in spring. 【答案】butterflies 【详解】句意：春天许多蝴蝶在花丛间飞舞。a lot of 后接可数名词复数；butterfly 意为 “蝴蝶”，复数 butterflies。故填 butterflies。 8.This s________ helps us study the solar system. 【答案】system 【详解】句意：这套系统帮助我们研究太阳系。system 意为 “系统”，this 后用单数名词。故填 system。 9.The desert a________ is very dry and few trees can grow there. 【答案】area 【详解】句意：这片沙漠地区非常干旱，几乎没有树木可以生长。area 意为 “地区；地域”，本句用单数。故填 area。 10.The river is over 20 m________ wide. 【答案】metres 【详解】句意：这条河有二十多米宽。metre 意为 “米”，数词 20 后接复数 metres。故填 metres。 11.This is an a________ story about our beautiful planet. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：这是一个关于我们美丽行星的令人大为惊奇的故事。形容词修饰名词 story；amazing 意为 “令人大为惊奇的”。故填 amazing。 12.Few plants can grow in the hot d________. 【答案】desert 【详解】句意：很少植物能在炎热的沙漠生长。desert 意为 “沙漠；荒漠”。故填 desert。 13.We must s________ life on our planet. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：我们必须维持我们星球上的生命。情态动词 must 后接动词原形；support 意为 “支持；维持”。故填 support。 14.The tall trees can r________ more than 120 metres. 【答案】reach 【详解】句意：这些高大树木高度能够达到 120 多米。情态动词 can 后接动词原形；reach 意为 “足够达到”。故填 reach。 15.The North P________ is covered with ice and snow. 【答案】Pole 【详解】句意：北极被冰雪覆盖。North Pole 固定表达 “北极”，pole 意为 “（行星的）极；地极”。故填 Pole。 16.The n________ part of China gets very cold in winter. 【答案】north 【详解】句意：中国的北方地区冬天十分寒冷。north 作形容词含义，意为 “北方的”，修饰名词 part。故填 north。 17.Farmers collect every g________ of rice in autumn. 【答案】grain 【详解】句意：农民在秋天收集每一粒稻谷。grain 意为 “谷粒”，every 后接单数名词。故填 grain。 18.Clouds will c________ the whole city tomorrow. 【答案】cover 【详解】句意：明天云层将会覆盖整座城市。will 后接动词原形；cover 意为 “盖；覆盖”。故填 cover。 19.Earth is a p________ with water and living things. 【答案】planet 【详解】句意：地球是一颗拥有水和生物的行星。planet 意为 “行星”，a 后接单数名词。故填 planet。 20.You can see a w________ lake behind the house. 【答案】wide 【详解】句意：你可以看见房子后面一片宽阔的湖泊。形容词修饰名词 lake；wide 意为 “宽的；宽阔的”。故填 wide。 二、根据中文意思补全英文句子。（每空一词） 1._______________ _______________ _______________ _______________（据我们所知），there are many kinds of animals on Earth. 【答案】As far as we know 【详解】固定短语 as far as we know “据我们所知”，句首首字母大写。故填 As far as we know。 2.Our earth _______________ _______________ _______________（被…… 覆盖）lots of water. 【答案】is covered by 【详解】be covered by“被…… 覆盖”；主语 our earth 是单数，一般现在时 be 动词用 is。故填 is covered by。 3.The sun is the centre of the _______________ _______________（太阳系）. 【答案】solar system 【详解】solar system “太阳系”，固定词组。故填 solar system。 4.You can read the _______________ _______________（事实档案）to get more facts about Mars. 【答案】fact file 【详解】fact file “事实档案”。故填 fact file。 5.That high mountain is more than 9000 metres above _______________ _______________（海平面）. 【答案】sea level 【详解】sea level “海平面”；above sea level 海拔。故填 sea level。 6._______________ _______________（更重要的是），plants can make fresh air for us. 【答案】What’s more 【详解】what’s more“更重要的是；此外”，放句首首字母大写。故填 What’s more。 7.Nature can _______________ people _______________ food and water.（为…… 提供……） 【答案】provide；with 【详解】provide … with …“为…… 提供……”；情态动词 can 后用动词原形。故填 provide；with。 8.We should _______________ _______________ _______________（照顾；照料）our planet. 【答案】take care of 【详解】take care of“照顾；照料”；情态动词 should 后接动词原形。故填 take care of。 一、语法选择 阅读下面短，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 It’s very important for all of us to recycle (回收利用). In nature, everything is reused (重新使用). For example, when 1 animal dies, it becomes other animals’ food. Nothing is wasted. But humans make 2 difficult for nature to reuse, like plastic. It can last for a long time in nature. Our rubbish is not only 3 for animals but also pollutes water and land. If we keep 4 too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. We must recycle the rubbish, 5 nature can’t reuse it. For example, we can try our best 6 materials (材料) such as paper and plastic again. What’s more, recycling is 7 the right thing to save natural materials. As far as we know, the Earth is rich in natural materials such as water and trees, but there are not endless materials. We use our natural materials faster than the Earth makes 8 again. For example, each year we cut down more than 6,000 square miles of forest. But it 9 several years for a new tree to grow. So, we should make good use 10 these natural materials. Recycling can help us save the Earth, so let’s take action right now. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 3．A．harm B．harmful C．harmfully D．harmfulness 4．A．make B．made C．making D．to make 5．A．because B．unless C．so D．though 6．A．use B．to use C．using D．used 7．A．too B．also C．either D．neither 8．A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 9．A．take B．takes C．took D．is taking 10．A．in B．off C．for D．of 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了回收利用的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：例如，当一只动物死亡时，它就成为其他动物的食物。 a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词；the这个，表特指；/指不填。根据“when...animal dies”可知，空处表泛指，需不定冠词，animal是以元音音素开头的单词，需冠词an。故选B。 2．句意：但人类让一些事情变得困难，让大自然难以再重新利用，比如塑料。 nothing没有什么；anything任何事情；something一些事情；everything每件事情。根据“But humans make...difficult for nature to reuse, like plastic.”可知，空处指人类让“一些事情”变困难。故选C。 3．句意：我们的垃圾不仅对动物有害，还会污染水和土地。 harm伤害，动词；harmful有害的，形容词；harmfully有害地，副词；harmfulness伤害，名词。be harmful to表示“对……有害”，固定搭配。故选B。 4．句意：如果我们持续制造太多垃圾，问题只会变得更糟。 make使，动词原形；made动词过去式或过去分词；making现在分词或动名词；to make动词不定式。keep doing sth.表示“保持做某事”，固定搭配。故空处需动名词making。故选C。 5．句意：我们必须回收垃圾，因为大自然无法再利用它。 because因为；unless除非；so因此；though虽然。根据空前后关系可知，空处表原因，前果后因，需连词because。故选A。 6．句意：例如，我们可以尽量再次用像纸和塑料的材料。 use使用，动词原形；to use动词不定式；using现在分词或动名词；used动词过去式或过去分词。try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大力做某事”，固定搭配，故空处需动词不定式。故选B。 7．句意：而且，循环使用也是节省自然材料的最合适的事情。 too也，放句末，用于肯定句；also也，放句中；either也，放句末，用于否定句；neither两者都不。根据“recycling is...the right thing to save natural materials.”可知，循环使用也是节省自然材料的最合适的事情。空处是肯定句，且设空处位于句中，需also。故选B。 8．句意：我们使用天然材料的速度比地球再次制造的速度还要快。 they它们，主格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词；them它们，宾格；themselves它们自己。根据“...the Earth makes...again.”可知，空处需指代“天然材料”，动词makes后跟宾格，故选C。 9．句意：但一棵新树要长成需要数年时间。 take花费，动词原形；takes单三形式；took动词过去式；is taking用于现在进行时。因描述的是事实，故时态为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词需单三形式。故选B。 10．句意：所以，我们应该好好利用这些天然材料。 in在……里；off下来；for为了；of……的。make good use of sth.表示“好好利用……”，固定搭配。故选D。 二、从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 groundwater, harmful, chemical, pollution, protect, planet, energy, cut down, provide, ocean 1．The Earth is our home . 2．Factories use a lot of dangerous farm to grow crops. 3．People burn oil and gas to make for daily use. 4．There are fewer and fewer fish in the because of overfishing. 5． gases from factories make the air dirty. 6．Farmers use too many chemicals, so there is less clean . 7．People too many trees, so forest land is becoming smaller. 8．The Earth us with food, water and air. 9．Water is a big problem in many rivers and lakes. 10．We should take action to our beautiful planet. 【答案】 1．planet 2．chemicals 3．energy 4．ocean 5．Harmful 6．groundwater 7．cut down 8．provides 9．pollution 10．protect 【详解】 1．句意：地球是我们的家园星球。地球是我们的“行星”家园，直接对应“planet”。 1．句意：工厂使用大量危险的农用化学品种植作物。a lot of后接可数名词复数，故chemical变为chemicals。 1．句意：人们燃烧石油和天然气制造日常所需的能源。make energy意为“制造能源”，energy为不可数名词，无需变形。 1．句意：由于过度捕捞，海洋里的鱼越来越少。鱼生活在海洋中，填ocean。 1．句意：工厂产生的有害气体使空气变脏。修饰名词gases需用形容词harmful，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 1．句意：农民使用太多化学品，所以清洁的地下水变少了。化学品容易污染水源，groundwater（地下水）符合语境，为不可数名词。 1．句意：人们砍伐太多树木，所以林地变得更小。cut down trees意为“砍树”，主语People为复数，一般现在时动词用原形。 1．句意：地球为我们提供食物、水和空气。固定搭配provide sb with sth，主语The Earth是第三人称单数，动词provide需加s。 1．句意：水污染是许多河流和湖泊的大问题。Water pollution意为“水污染”，名词作主语。 1．句意：我们应该采取行动保护我们美丽的星球。take action to do sth意为“采取行动做某事”，不定式符号to后接动词原形protect。 一、完形填空 The Earth is a beautiful planet with forests, rivers and oceans. It is our home, and it gives us 1 we need to live. However, human beings hurt the planet in many ways. Many people cut down trees for money. Forests become smaller, and some animals lose their living 2 . Water pollution is getting worse. People throw rubbish into water, and factories make the water 3 . As a result, more water animals are dying every year. Air pollution is also 4 . Harmful gases make the sky grey and bring bad weather. Now, more and more people start to realize the 5 of protecting nature. Volunteers organize different kinds of cleaning activities. On sunny weekends, they go to the beach to 6 rubbish. Students learn to save energy at school. They turn off lights when classrooms are 7 . Saving the Earth is not only a task for scientists, 8 for every common person. We do not need to do big difficult things. Even 9 smallest action can help our planet. Never forget: we have only one Earth. Let’s work together and make a big 10 to our home. 1．A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything 2．A．places B．pets C．food D．energy 3．A．clean B．fresh C．dirty D．cold 4．A．simple B．serious C．peaceful D．boring 5．A．importance B．difficulty C．generation D．chemical 6．A．blow away B．pick up C．cut down D．give up 7．A．full B．busy C．empty D．noisy 8．A．but B．so C．or D．and 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．mistake B．difference C．problem D．noise 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述地球是人类家园，但面临污染破坏。人们意识到保护自然的重要性，并通过实际行动共同守护地球。 【详解】 1．句意：它是我们的家园，给了我们生存所需的一切。 根据“Earth... gives us... we need to live'，可知地球提供生存所需的所有资源。everything表示“一切”，符合语境。nothing否定意义不符；something范围太小；anything常用于否定或疑问句。 2．句意：森林变小，一些动物失去了它们的生存之地。 根据“cut down trees... Forests become smaller”，可知树木砍伐导致动物失去栖息地。living places意为“生存之地”，符合逻辑。pets与野生动物不符；food和energy此处强调栖息地丧失。 3．句意：人们把垃圾扔进水里，工厂使水变脏。 根据“Water pollution is getting worse... throw rubbish”，可知污染导致水变脏。dirty符合污染语境。clean和fresh与污染相反；cold与污染无直接逻辑关系。 4．句意：空气污染也很严重。 根据“Harmful gases make the sky grey and bring bad weather”，可知空气污染后果严重。serious表示“严重的”，符合语境。simple、peaceful、boring均无法描述污染的危害性。 5．句意：现在，越来越多的人开始意识到保护自然的重要性。 根据“Volunteers organize... cleaning activities”，可知人们行动是因为意识到了重要性。importance表示“重要性”，符合语境。difficulty与积极行动不符；generation和chemical语意不通。 6．句意：在阳光明媚的周末，他们去海滩捡垃圾。 根据“cleaning activities... rubbish”，可知清洁活动是捡垃圾。pick up意为“捡起”，符合语境。blow away、cut down、give up均不符合清洁垃圾的动作。 7．句意：当教室空无一人时，他们关灯。 根据“save energy... turn off lights”，可知没人时才关灯省电。empty 表示“空的”，符合逻辑。full、busy、noisy时通常需要开灯。 8．句意：拯救地球不仅是科学家的任务，也是每个普通人的任务。 根据“not only...for every common person”，可知考查固定搭配not only... but (also)...。but在此处连接并列成分，表示递进。so、or、and不与not only搭配构成此结构。 9．句意：即使是最微小的行动也能帮助我们的星球。 根据“smallest”，可知形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。the用于最高级前表示特指。a/an用于泛指；零冠词均不符合最高级规则。故选 C。 10．句意：让我们一起努力，为我们的家园带来大的改变/影响。 根据“make a big... to our home”，可知考查固定短语make a difference。make a difference意为“起作用/产生影响”，符合语境。mistake、problem、noise均为负面或不符合搭配。 二、阅读理解 A In the rainforests and mountains of Colombia, there’s a woman. You may never see her, but she’s there all the time. She wears a dress and she uses grass to make it. She has no shoes on her feet and she wears a ring of wild flowers on her head. Her name is Mother Mountain. Her job is to look after nature. The animals of the rainforests and mountains love her. One morning, a man comes into the forest. He sees a rabbit and begins to catch (捕捉) it. At this time, Mother Mountain comes and catches his left hand. “Why do you come into the forest?” she asks. “To get something for my children to eat,” the man says. “You can’t catch any animals,” Mother Mountain says. Her green eyes turn red and she says, “Nature is important for you and me! Get to sleep now. Then wake up (醒来) and see!” The man falls to the grass in a deep sleep. The rabbit touches (触碰) Mother Mountain with its head to show thanks. The man sleeps from 10:00 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Then he wakes up from his deep sleep and looks around. He doesn’t see Mother Mountain. She isn’t there. He only sees how beautiful the forest and its animals are. He walks home and tells himself not to catch an animal again. 1．What is Mother Mountain’s dress made of? A．Vegetables. B．Paper. C．Flowers. D．Grass. 2．How do you understand “Her green eyes turn red” in Paragraph 3? A．Mother Mountain becomes angry (生气的). B．Mother Mountain’s eyes have two colors. C．It’s too cold in the rainforests and mountains. D．The temperature makes Mother Mountain hot. 3．The man comes to the forest to ________. A．find an animal to play with B．look for something to eat C．visit Mother Mountain D．have a deep sleep 4．How long does the man sleep? A．For two hours. B．For two and a half hours. C．For three hours. D．For three and a half hours. 5．What does this text want to tell us? A．Rabbits are our friends. B．We shouldn’t do things alone (独自). C．We should protect (保护) nature. D．We should sleep well at night. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主题是Mother Mountain作为自然守护者，通过让男人沉睡并醒来后看到森林之美，使他意识到不该捕猎动物，传递了保护自然的核心信息。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据原文“She wears a dress and she uses grass to make it.”可知，Mother Mountain的裙子是用草编织而成的。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据原文“Nature is important for you and me!”可知，Mother Mountain说自然对你我都很重要，之前，眼睛从绿色变红。这表示她情绪激动，结合上下文，她正在阻止男人捕猎动物，强调保护自然的重要性，因此“眼睛变红”象征愤怒。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据原文“To get something for my children to eat”可知，男子正在捕捉兔子，目的是给自己的孩子找些食物。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据原文“The man sleeps from 10:00 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.”可知，男子从上午10点睡到下午1:30，共3小时30分钟。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，主题是Mother Mountain作为自然守护者，通过让男人沉睡并醒来后看到森林之美，使他意识到不该捕猎动物，传递了保护自然的核心信息。故选C。 B A study found that most species (物种) of birds in the USA have shrunk (缩小) in size in the past 38 years. Scientists say this is because of climate change. This shrinking in size follows Bergmann’s Rule (伯格曼法则). The rule says that animals in cooler areas are usually large, because larger animals are able to keep warmer. As global (全球的) warming influences (影响) the Earth, animals now have to make changes to face rising temperatures. Some of them shrink in size. Scientists studied over 70,000 specimens of birds. They found that some birds in North America were shrinking in size. Studies on other animals also show the same. What does this mean to these species? First, global warming is happening faster than ever before. So animals may not be able to change fast enough. Besides, when a species shrinks, other things will get influenced. When an animal’s body shrinks, it may not be able to give birth to as many young as before, this may influence the size of the species’ population (总量). Maybe scientists haven’t understood how changes in size may influence the ability (能力) of animals to survive (生存). This shows the bigger problem with climate change: we aren’t always able to predict what will happen when the Earth’s temperature keeps rising. And that is the real danger. 1．What happened to some birds in the USA according to the study? A．They moved to cooler areas. B．They became smaller in size. C．They died from climate change. D．They didn’t have enough food. 2．Why are animals in cold areas larger? A．Because larger animals are able to keep warmer. B．Because animals in cold areas can eat more food. C．Because larger animals love living in cold areas. D．Because animals in cold areas can grow faster. 3．What may happen if the body of a species gets smaller? A．The species may move to cold areas. B．The Earth may become warmer quickly. C．The species’ population may be smaller. D．The species may lose their ability to survive. 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A．Animals now have to make changes to face global warming. B．Some other animals were shrinking in size, too. C．When a species shrinks, it may not be able to give birth to the young. D．The shrinking in size follows Bergmann’s Rule. 5．What does the writer want to tell us by writing this passage? A．Scientists have fully understood how animals will change. B．Climate change is a serious problem with uncertain dangers. C．The Earth’s temperature will stop rising soon. D．Birds are the only animals affected by global warming. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍研究发现美国多数鸟类体型缩小是因气候变化，这符合伯格曼法则，且动物体型变化还会带来种群等方面的未知影响，凸显气候变化的危害。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“A study found that most species of birds in the USA have shrunk in size in the past 38 years.”可知，研究发现美国的大多数鸟类在过去38年里体型都缩小了，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The rule says that animals in cooler areas are usually large, because larger animals are able to keep warmer.”可知，寒冷地区的动物体型更大是因为体型大的动物能更好地保暖，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“When an animal’s body shrinks, it may not be able to give birth to as many young as before, this may influence the size of the species’ population.”可知，动物体型缩小后繁殖的后代会减少，这可能会导致该物种的种群数量变少，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“When an animal’s body shrinks, it may not be able to give birth to as many young as before”可知，动物体型缩小是不能生下和以前一样多的后代，而非不能生育后代，C项表述错误，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“This shows the bigger problem with climate change: we aren’t always able to predict what will happen when the Earth’s temperature keeps rising. And that is the real danger.”可知，作者想告诉我们气候变化是个严峻的问题，其带来的危险具有不可预测性，故选B。 三、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，完成1至5小题。 Every winter, Zhanqiao Pier in Qingdao is full of seagulls. They fly around happily. It is the city’s warm and lovely sight (风景) in winter. The story began in 1994. Back at that time, only about 100 seagulls came here. But today, more than 100,000 seagulls get here each winter. Qingdao turns “seagulls flying over blue seas” into a special symbol of the city. 32 years ago, people started to protect (保护) the seagulls with a simple kind act. Now, this act becomes a daily habit of people in this city. It shows Qingdao’s idea of living together with nature. The great growth in the seagull number shows Qingdao’s good work in protecting nature. Many years ago, seagulls only stayed near Zhanqiao Pier. Now, they also live in Tangdao Bay (湾) and Jiaozhou Bay. Some birds like black-headed gulls even choose to live here. This comes from the city’s work to care for (关爱) nature. Birds rest in some places in their long travel. Qingdao turns these places into their nice homes. It shows that Qingdao cares a lot about nature while building the city. Feeding the seagulls becomes an activity people love. The beautiful sight of living together between the city and nature is the result (结果) of years of hard work. 1．What does “it” refer to (指代) in Para.1? ________________________________________________________ 2．What is the special symbol of Qingdao? ________________________________________________________ 3．What shows Qingdao’s good work in protecting nature? ________________________________________________________ 4．Where can people see seagulls in Qingdao besides (除了) Zhanqiao Pier? ________________________________________________________ 5．Do you like seagulls? Why? ________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．It refers to the sight that seagulls fly around happily at Zhanqiao Pier in Qingdao every winter. 2．Seagulls flying over blue seas. 3．The great growth in the seagull number. 4．Tangdao Bay and Jiaozhou Bay. 5．Yes, I do. Because they are lovely. 【导语】本文讲述了青岛对海鸥的保护措施得当，吸引了众多海鸥，这显示了人们可以与自然环境和谐共存。 【详解】 1．第一段提到：“They fly around happily. It is the city’s warm and lovely sight in winter.”，“it”指的是每年冬天青岛栈桥上海鸥欢快飞翔的景象。根据原文信息作答即可。 2．第二段明确提到：“Qingdao turns ‘seagulls flying over blue seas’ into a special symbol of the city.”，青岛的特殊象征是“海鸥飞越蓝色海洋”，答案是原文直接信息。 3．第二段指出：“The great growth in the seagull number shows Qingdao’s good work in protecting nature.”，海鸥数量的大幅增长体现了青岛保护自然的成效，答案是原文直接信息。 4．第二段末句：“Now, they also live in Tangdao Bay and Jiaozhou Bay.”，除了栈桥，海鸥还出现在唐岛湾和胶州湾，答案是原文直接信息。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。可结合文中“seagulls are beautiful”或“they show harmony with nature”等理由作答，或提出个人合理观点。 一、完形填空 （2026·甘肃·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。 The Journey of a Plastic Bottle I am a plastic (塑料的) bottle. A week ago, I was 1 a supermarket shelf. I had a normal life, the same as all my brothers and sisters — other bottles full of water. I felt really happy. Then a tall woman 2 me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the fridge. It was cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. 3 , only a few hours later, she took me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a dustbin. I had never felt so empty and 4 in my life. Early the next morning, a man took me out of the dustbin. He threw me and other rubbish into the back of a truck. There were so many horrible smells. Then I was pushed together with the rest of the rubbish. Soon I was completely 5 . I could not believe how thin I became. I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found 6 in a terrible place. Everything around me was 7 and had horrible smells. I felt afraid. I kept hoping that I would be moved somewhere else. Then several huge trucks came and covered us with a layer of 8 . I asked another bottle what would happen to us. He said we would have to stay here for thousands of years. “Why can’t they reuse or 9 us?” I cried. “I wish someone would save me and give me a 10 life. But who and when?” I asked. 1．A．in B．on C．for D．to 2．A．picked B．threw C．hid D．broke 3．A．Unless B．If C．Therefore D．However 4．A．asleep B．alone C．alive D．awake 5．A．flat B．empty C．clean D．light 6．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．itself 7．A．ugly B．beautiful C．noisy D．clean 8．A．mud B．soil C．water D．sand 9．A．recycle B．reborn C．rethink D．reduce 10．A．first B．second C．third D．last 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文以塑料瓶的第一人称视角，讲述其从超市到垃圾填埋场的经历，揭示塑料污染现状，呼吁人们重视环保与回收。 【详解】 1．句意：一周前，我在超市货架上。 根据“supermarket shelf”，在货架上习惯用介词on。固定搭配on the shelf，表示物体放置在架子表面，符合商品陈列场景。in指物体内部；for表目的；to表方向，均无法搭配货架。 2．句意：然后一个高个女人把我拿起来放进她的篮子里。 根据“put me in her basket”，顾客购物是拿起商品，pick up为固定搭配。其他选项动作不符合购物场景。 3．句意：然而，仅几小时后，她就把我拿出来喝掉了水。 根据前文“交了朋友”与后文“被拿走”，前后语意转折。However表示然而，用于句首表转折关系。 4．句意：我从未感到如此空虚和孤独。 根据“thrown me into a dustbin”，瓶子被喝空后扔进垃圾桶，孤身无依靠。alone意为孤单的，贴合被丢弃后的落寞情绪。asleep睡着的、alive活着的，无法体现孤独感。 5．句意：不久我完全变扁了。 根据“how thin I became”，垃圾车压缩垃圾使其变薄变扁。flat意为扁平的，对应塑料瓶受挤压变形的形态。empty空的、light轻的，不能描述挤压后的外形变化。 6．句意：当我醒来，我发现自己在一个糟糕的地方。 句子主语为I，需匹配第一人称反身代词。myself表示我自己，和主语人称保持一致。 7．句意：周围一切都很丑陋且有难闻气味。 根据“terrible place”和“horrible smells”，说明环境恶劣。 ugly意为丑陋、难看的，符合脏乱垃圾场环境。beautiful、clean语义与恶劣环境相反；noisy文中无噪音线索。 8．句意：几辆大卡车来用一层土覆盖我们。 垃圾填埋场处理垃圾的常识。soil意为土壤，是填埋垃圾的标准覆盖物。 9．句意：为什么他们不能重复使用或回收我们？ 全文环保主题，and并列两个处理塑料瓶的动词。 recycle意为回收利用，属于塑料废品处理方式，为动词可与reuse并列。 10．句意：我希望有人救我并给我第二次生命。 塑料瓶已度过一生，希望被回收再利用即获得新生。second life指第二次生命，对应回收重生的含义。first第一次、last最后的，不符合循环利用主题。 二、阅读理解 （2026·湖北武汉·中考真题） The ocean covers most of our planet, yet we know very little about it. Our ocean is as mysterious as it is beautiful. In fact, we have better maps of Mars than we do of the ocean floor. Why? Exploring (探索) the ocean is a really hard job. There’s a lot of ocean—about 1.4 billion trillion litres (升). That’s 1,400,000,000,000,000,000,000! ★ . One of their most important goals is to learn about coral reefs (珊瑚礁), which are home to lots of sea plants and animals. Do you know that coral is an animal, not a plant? Tiny animals called polyps (珊瑚虫) build the hard part of the coral as a home to live in. They are called “architects” in the ocean. However, many coral reefs around the world are in danger. That’s where a clever method called “coral gardening” comes in—giving reefs a second chance. Here’s how it works in four steps: First, scientists collect small pieces of coral from coral reefs. Then they break them into even smaller ones—tiny pieces grow faster. After that, they place the pieces in lab-controlled or underwater nurseries (苗圃), where tiny pieces are taken good care of. Finally, once strong enough, they are planted onto rock or man-made reefs so that they can grow on their own. A typical example is the L-shaped Reef. Since 1982, scientists have placed old subway cars into the sea. These strange “homes” have created a huge man-made reef. Now, polyps and fish are moving in! To know more about the ocean, a volunteer, Paul Green started the Big Bag Project in 2025. It calls on beach visitors to help collect information on plastics and water temperature through a bag which is connected with an app. Next time you go to the beach, take a bag, pick up some rubbish, and have a closer connection with the ocean. 1．What does the number in paragraph 1 tell us about the ocean? A．How much salt there is. B．How cold the deep ocean is. C．How large the ocean is. D．How many sea plants there are. 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Some sea animals are making a comeback B．The ocean is full of wonders to be discovered C．But many scientists are taking on this challenge D．So protecting the ocean is everyone’s responsibility 3．What does the underlined word “architects” mean? A．People who build houses. B．Machines that carry things. C．Workers who collect coral. D．Animals that live in the sea. 4．In the picture CORAL GARDENING, what is the third step? A．Breaking. B．Nursing. C．Planting. D．Collecting. 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce the Big Bag Project. B．To show the hidden beauty of the ocean. C．To teach us how to become an ocean biologist. D．To encourage more people to explore the ocean. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海洋的神秘性和探索难度，以及科学家通过“珊瑚园艺”和公众参与的“Big Bag Project”来研究保护海洋的方法。 【详解】 1．文章第一段指出“There’s a lot of ocean—about 1.4 billion trillion litres.”，直接说明这个数字告诉我们海洋有多大。 2．文章第一段提到探索海洋是一项艰难的工作，第二段指出“One of their most important goals is to learn about coral reefs”，科学家们的重要目标是了解珊瑚礁。由此推断，空白处应填入“但是许多科学家正在接受这一挑战”来承上启下。 3．文章第四段指出“Tiny animals called polyps build the hard part of the coral as a home to live in. They are called ‘architects’ in the ocean.”，珊瑚虫建造珊瑚的坚硬部分作为居住的家，就像人类建造房屋一样。由此推断，“architects”意为“建造房屋的人”。 4．文章第五段介绍了珊瑚园艺的四个步骤，并结合图片，可知步骤为：收集→破碎→育苗→种植。第三步是“place the pieces in lab-controlled or underwater nurseries, where tiny pieces are taken good care of”，即育苗（nursing）。 5．文章介绍了探索海洋的困难、科学家的努力以及普通人通过Big Bag Project参与保护海洋的方式。由此推断，作者的主要目的是鼓励更多人探索海洋。 三、阅读还原 （2026·山西·中考真题）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Imagine you have just cleaned your classroom. Then a strict teacher in school walks in, looks around, and gives you a big smile. 1 But this time the testers are birds. In recent years, groups of rare (稀有的) birds like black storks and egrets have been seen along the Fenhe River. 2 These birds are very picky: they only live near clean water. Their arrival makes the river full of life. Things were quite different in the past. There were few rare birds. 3 Because the river was polluted seriously. Then the government started a plan to bring the river back to life. Workers spared no effort to turn dirty water into clean water. 4 These wetlands helped clean the water. The water quality has improved a lot. 5 There are more plants growing in the wetlands. More and more birds choose the Fenhe River as their winter home. When people take care of nature, nature gives back. The balance between humans and nature has become a reality in Shanxi. A．Why was that? B．They rest along the river banks playing happily. C．The results of people’s hard work are easy to see. D．The Fenhe River is the mother river of Shanxi Province. E．That is exactly what is happening along the Fenhe River. F．What’s more, they cleaned and added wetlands along the river. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述汾河曾遭受严重污染，珍稀鸟类稀少；政府大力治理河水、修建湿地改善水质，如今河水变洁净，黑鹳、白鹭等珍稀鸟类前来栖息，印证人类善待自然就能获得自然回馈。 【详解】 1．根据前文“Imagine you have just cleaned your classroom. Then a strict teacher...gives you a big smile.”，前文描述老师看到干净教室后露出笑容的场景，后文说“But this time the testers are birds.”，由此可知，空处需要将“老师检查教室”与“鸟类检测河流”进行类比，说明同样的事情也发生在汾河。E项“That is exactly what is happening along the Fenhe River.”起到承上启下、类比引入的作用。 2．根据前文“In recent years, groups of rare birds like black storks and egrets have been seen along the Fenhe River.”，前文说稀有鸟类出现在汾河沿岸，后文说“These birds are very picky: they only live near clean water.”，由此可知，空处需要描述这些鸟类在河边的活动状态。B项“They rest along the river banks playing happily.”起到承接前文、具体描述鸟类状态的作用。 3．根据前文“There were few rare birds.”，前文说过去稀有鸟类很少，后文说“Because the river was polluted seriously.”，由此可知，空处需要询问过去稀有鸟类很少的原因。A项“Why was that?”起到承上启下、引出原因的作用。 4．根据前文“Workers spared no effort to turn dirty water into clean water.”，前文说工人尽力将污水变干净，后文说“These wetlands helped clean the water.”，由此可知，空处需要说明工人们除了净化水质外，还做了其他工作，即清理和增加湿地。F项“What’s more, they cleaned and added wetlands along the river.”起到递进补充、引出下文湿地作用的效果。 5．根据前文“The water quality has improved a lot.”，前文说水质大幅改善，后文说“There are more plants growing in the wetlands. More and more birds choose the Fenhe River as their winter home.”，由此可知，空处需要总结人们努力的成果已经显而易见。C项“The results of people’s hard work are easy to see.”起到承上启下、总结成果并引出具体表现的作用。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $