Unit 4 The Earth 人与自然：保护地球（单元阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“地球与环保”主题，整合多样题型与真实语篇，系统培养语言能力与环保意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇阅读理解（说明文）|聚焦环保现象（圣诞浪费、光污染），考查细节理解与主旨归纳|以“问题—影响”为逻辑链，渗透环境问题认知，积累环保词汇与说明文体裁特征| |实战演练|6篇（完形/阅读/还原/任务型）|涵盖记叙文（植树活动）、说明文（塑料污染/气候变暖），综合考查语境理解与信息整合|以“问题—措施—行动”为逻辑链，衔接环保实践与语言应用，提升分析解决问题的思维品质|

Unit 4 The Earth 地球 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时 文 阅 读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 205 本文介绍英国圣诞节的各类浪费现象，并给出建议，倡导过环保有意义的绿色圣诞节。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 228 本文主要介绍光污染给自然界带来的种种危害。 实 战 演 练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 182 本文讲述Scott在地球日邀请同学植树，希望人们重视环境的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 309 本文介绍塑料的用途与过度使用的危害，给出三条减少塑料污染的解决措施。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 308 本文讲述美国一所中学的校园种植项目，该活动帮助学生学习技能、懂得劳动价值与保护地球的意义。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 263 本文指出地球是唯一孕育生命的星球，介绍地球面临的三大危机，呼吁大家行动保护地球。 Passage5 阅读还原 说明文 225 本文列举保护地球的简易做法，呼吁人们不必等到地球日，在日常生活中守护地球。 Passage6 任务型阅读 说明文 242 本文介绍全球气候变暖的现状、成因与影响，呼吁人们用实际行动保护环境。 Passage1 A Greener Christmas Christmas is a wonderful time of year, but it can also be very wasteful. In the UK, people use about 3,000 kilometers of wrapping paper every year. That’s enough to go around the world several times! They also waste millions of turkeys. Many families buy more food than they need and throw away the leftovers. In addition, nearly 8 million Christmas trees are cut down each year. Most of them end up in landfills after the holiday. However, there are ways to celebrate Christmas in a more environmentally friendly way. Instead of using wrapping paper, you can wrap gifts in old newspapers or reusable cloth bags. Instead of buying a real tree, you can use a potted plant or make a tree from recycled materials. Some people even draw a tree on the wall! Reducing waste doesn’t mean you have to give up the fun. You can still enjoy delicious food, but try to plan meals carefully so you don’t make too much. And if you have leftovers, share them with others or freeze them for later. A “green Christmas” is not only good for the planet, but it can also be more creative and meaningful. Let’s start new traditions that care for our environment. 更环保的圣诞节 圣诞节是一年中美好的时光，但它也可能非常浪费。在英国，人们每年大约使用约 3000 千米的包装纸。这足够绕地球好几圈！他们还会浪费数百万只火鸡。许多家庭买的食物超过了实际需要，然后把剩余的食物扔掉。此外，每年有近 800 万棵圣诞树被砍伐。假期结束后，其中大多数最终被送往垃圾填埋场。 然而，有一些方法可以用更环保的方式庆祝圣诞节。你可以用旧报纸或可重复使用的布袋包装礼物，而不是使用包装纸。你可以使用盆栽植物或用回收材料制作一棵树，而不是买真树。有些人甚至在墙上画一棵树！ 减少浪费并不意味着你必须放弃乐趣。你仍然可以享受美味的食物，但要尽量仔细计划用餐，避免做得太多。如果有剩余食物，可以与他人分享，或者冷冻起来以后食用。 “绿色圣诞节” 不仅对地球有益，也可能更有创意、更有意义。让我们开启关心环境的新传统。 1．How much wrapping paper do people in the UK use every year? A．About 3,000 kilometers. B．About 8,000 kilometers. C．About 1,000 kilometers. D．About 5,000 kilometers. 2．What happens to most Christmas trees after the holiday? A．They are replanted. B．They are recycled. C．They end up in landfills. D．They are donated. 3．What is suggested instead of using wrapping paper? A．Using plastic bags. B．Using old newspapers. C．Buying new paper. D．Using plastic wrap. 4．What does the author say about food waste? A．People should buy more food. B．People should plan meals carefully. C．People should throw away leftovers. D．People should not eat turkey. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Christmas is too expensive. B．We can celebrate Christmas in greener ways. C．People should stop celebrating Christmas. D．Christmas traditions are not important. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国圣诞节期间产生的大量浪费现象，如包装纸、食物和圣诞树的浪费，并提出了通过重复利用材料、精心计划饮食等方式来庆祝一个更环保、更有意义的“绿色圣诞节”的建议。 【详解】 1．第一段明确指出：“In the UK, people use about 3,000 kilometers of wrapping paper every year”，说明英国人每年使用约3000公里的包装纸。 2．第一段末尾明确指出：“Most of them end up in landfills after the holiday”，说明大多数圣诞树在节后最终被送入垃圾填埋场。 3．第二段明确指出：“Instead of using wrapping paper, you can wrap gifts in old newspapers or reusable cloth bags”，说明建议用旧报纸或可重复使用的布袋代替包装纸。 4．第三段明确指出：“try to plan meals carefully so you don’t make too much”，说明作者建议人们仔细计划餐食以减少食物浪费。 5．全文围绕如何减少圣诞节期间的浪费、通过环保方式庆祝节日展开，因此文章主旨是“We can celebrate Christmas in greener ways”。 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单词 wasteful 浪费的 wrapping 包装 turkey 火鸡 leftover 剩菜，剩余物 landfill 垃圾填埋场 environmentally‑friendly 环保的 reusable 可重复使用的 potted 盆栽的 recycled 回收利用的 give 给予 freeze 冷冻 creative 有创意的 meaningful 有意义的 tradition 传统 短语 wrapping paper 包装纸 cut down 砍倒 end up 最终处于 instead of 代替；而不是 recycled materials 回收材料 give up 放弃 plan meals carefully 仔细规划餐食 share…with… 与…… 分享…… be good for 对…… 有益 care for 爱护；关心 【长难句分析】 1.Instead of using wrapping paper, you can wrap gifts in old newspapers or reusable cloth bags. 译文：你可以用旧报纸或可重复使用的布袋包装礼物，而不是使用包装纸。 句型结构：Instead of doing…, sb. can do… 2.A “green Christmas” is not only good for the planet, but it can also be more creative and meaningful. 译文：一场 “绿色圣诞节” 不仅对地球有益，还可以更富有创意、更有意义。 核心句型：not only … but (also)…；不仅…… 而且……，用来连接两个并列成分。 本句连接两个分句： ① A “green Christmas” is good for the planet ② it can also be more creative and meaningful Passage2 How many stars can you see in the night sky? If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are “just a few” or “none” because of light pollution. Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms (伤害) nature and people. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals. These kinds of animals sleep in the day and are busy at night. Animal scientist Christopher Kyba said man-made light is “the biggest change” humans have brought to these animals. Small animals use darkness to hide (隐藏) and protect themselves. But, he said, cloudy skies near cities are now “hundreds of times” brighter at night. This means that, for example, cats can catch and eat more rats. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all, and this leads to the death of cats. Baby sea turtles (海龟) are born on beaches in the nighttime. They find the water by the light of the sea. Man-made lights lead them away from the sea. In Florida alone, “So many sea turtles die this way every year,” said the US-based International Dark-Sky Association. Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in the wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings. 你在夜空中能看见多少颗星星？如果你住在大城市，大多数时候你的答案是 “只有寥寥几颗” 或者 “一颗都看不到”，这都是光污染造成的。 当过多的人造光伤害到大自然与人类时，光污染就产生了。科学家发现，它对夜行动物的伤害尤其大。 这类动物白天睡觉，夜间活动。动物科学家克里斯托弗・基巴表示，人造光是人类带给这些动物 “最大的改变”。 小型动物借助黑暗来躲藏、保护自己。但他说，如今城市附近多云的夜空在夜晚会 “亮上数百倍”。举例来说，这就意味着猫可以捕捉吃掉更多老鼠。之后，猫的数量会变得过多，没有足够的老鼠来养活全部的猫，这就会造成猫的死亡。 小海龟在夜间出生在海滩上。它们依靠海面的光亮找到大海。人造光会误导它们，使它们远离大海。总部位于美国的国际暗夜协会表示：“仅仅在佛罗里达州，每年就有非常多海龟以这种方式死去。” 此外，在夜间迁徙或者捕猎的鸟类需要月光与星光。人造光会将它们引向错误的方向。每年，有数百万只鸟类因为撞上灯火通明的建筑物而死亡。 1．If you live in a big city with light pollution, how often can you see stars in the sky? A．Always. B．Usually. C．Often. D．Seldom. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about light pollution? A．It does no harm to people. B．It does little harm to animals. C．It is a kind of light which comes from nature. D．It happens when people make too much light. 3．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” probably mean? A．busy at night B．busy in the daytime C．small D．strange 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Baby sea turtles are often born during the day. B．Mountains of birds die because of man-made light. C．Cloudy skies near urban areas are now much darker at night. D．Small animals dislike darkness because they don’t need to hide. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Seeing the stars B．Protecting birds C．A bright city kills D．Light is harmful 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了光污染带来的影响。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are ‘just a few’ or ‘none’ because of light pollution.”可知，如果住在大城市，因为光污染很少能看到星星，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms (伤害) nature and people”可知，当过多的人造光伤害自然和人类时，就会产生光污染，所以当人们发出过多的光时就会发生光污染，故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“These kinds of animals sleep in the day and are busy at night”可知，划线部分单词指在晚上忙碌的动物，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in the wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings”可知，大量的鸟类因人造光而死亡，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了光污染带来的影响，所以C选项符合本文标题，故选C。 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 单词 / 短语 中文释义 lead…away from… 把…… 引离…… light pollution 光污染 lead…in the wrong direction 把…… 引向错误方向 manmade adj. 人造的 millions of 数百万的 harm v./n. 伤害；损害 fly into 撞上；飞进 nocturnal adj. 夜间活动的 brightlylit adj. 灯火通明的 hide v. 隐藏，躲藏 none pron. 一个也没有 protect oneself 保护自己 lead to 导致 【长难句分析】 1.If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are “just a few” or “none” because of light pollution. 翻译：如果你住在大城市，大多数时候你的答案是 “只有寥寥几颗” 或者 “一颗都看不到”，这都是光污染造成的。 句子结构：If引导条件状语从句 + 主句；because of + 名词短语表原因（后接名词，不能接句子） 从句：If you live in big cities 如果你住在大城市 主句：most of the time your answers are “just a few” or “none” 大多数时候你的答案是 “只有寥寥几颗” 或者 “一颗都看不到” 原因状语：because of light pollution 由于光污染 2. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all, and this leads to the death of cats. 翻译：之后，猫的数量会变得过多，没有足够的老鼠来养活全部的猫，这就会造成猫的死亡。 句子结构：there be句型 + 并列句，and连接两个并列分句 too many +可数名词复数：太多…… enough +名词 + to do：足够…… 去做某事 lead to +名词：导致……（to 是介词，后面接名词 / 代词，不接动词原形） Passage 1 Scott and his family are in a planting club. Scott plants trees 1 his parents on Earth Day every year. This year, Scott wants some of his classmates to 2 his family to plant trees on Earth Day. So he tells them about this. Tomorrow is Earth Day. Scott asks his classmates, “What trees do you 3 plant?” “Well, all trees. They are good for the 4 .” Lily says. Then a(n) 5 suddenly hits Scott. He says, “We can make some nice 6 and stick (粘贴) them on the trees to let people know the importance of environment.” “Great! Let’s do it!” Scott’s classmates 7 some words on the cards. They are very 8 . Because they can protect the environment by planting trees. On Earth Day, Scott goes to the park with his parents and his classmates. Scott and his parents teach them to plant trees. And finally, they stick the cards on the trees. They want more people to plant trees like them. And they 9 want people to know the importance of environment and protect the environment. What a 10 activity! 1．A．with B．around C．for D．without 2．A．join B．finish C．arrive D．carry 3．A．stop to B．want to C．turn to D．agree to 4．A．health B．pollution C．environment D．buildings 5．A．idea B．question C．story D．problem 6．A．gifts B．cards C．calls D．friends 7．A．think B．write C．lose D．speak 8．A．excited B．clever C．busy D．nervous 9．A．still B．also C．nearly D．only 10．A．fantastic B．boring C．scary D．serious 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述Scott邀请了他的一些同学在地球日这天参与植树活动，想要更多的人明白环境的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：每年的地球日Scott都和他的父母一起植树。 with和；around大约；for为了；without没有。根据“Scott plants trees ... his parents on Earth Day every year.”可知，Scott和他的父母一起植树，用with表示“和”。故选A。 2．句意：今年，Scott想让他的一些同学在地球日那天加入他的家人一起植树。 join加入；finish完成；arrive到达；carry携带。根据“Scott wants some of his classmates to ... his family to plant trees”可知，他想让一些同学加入他的家人一起植树。故选A。 3．句意：你们想种什么树？ stop to停下来去；want to想要去；turn to转向；agree to同意去。根据“Well, all trees.”可知，他问同学“你们想种什么树”。故选B。 4．句意：它们对环境有好处。 health健康；pollution污染；environment环境；buildings建筑物。根据“They are good for the ..”可知，树对环境有好处。故选C。 5．句意：这时，Scott突然有了一个主意。 idea主意；question问题；story故事；problem问题。根据“We can make some nice ... and stick (粘贴) them on the trees to let people know the importance of environment.”可知，这是他想出来的主意。故选A。 6．句意：我们可以做一些漂亮的卡片，把它们贴在树上，让人们知道环境的重要性。 gifts礼物；cards卡片；calls电话；friends朋友。根据“Scott’s classmates ... some words on the cards.”可知，他们做了些漂亮的卡片。故选B。 7．句意：Scott的同学在卡片上写了一些字。 think认为；write写；lose失去；speak说。根据“Scott’s classmates ... some words on the cards.”可知，他们在卡片上写了一些字。故选B。 8．句意：他们非常兴奋。 excited兴奋的；clever聪明的；busy忙碌的；nervous紧张的。根据“They are very ... Because they can protect the environment by planting trees.”可知， 他们可以通过植树来保护环境，可以推断他们很兴奋。故选A。 9．句意：他们也想让人们知道环境的重要性，来保护环境。 still仍然；also也；nearly几乎；only仅仅。根据“They want more people to plant trees like them. And they ... want people to know the importance of environment and protect the environment.”可知，他们想让更多的人像他们一样植树，他们也想让人们知道环境的重要性，来保护环境。故选B。 10．句意：多么棒的活动啊！ fantastic极好的；boring无聊的；scary可怕的；serious严肃的。根据What a ... activity!“可知，这是一个很棒的活动。故选A。 Passage 2 When people started using plastic in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter, and protect against illness. But we find something bad after overusing it. Plastic is hard to break down (分解). Poisonous things in it pollute the water and soil. They are making environmental (环境的) problems. A whale died (死) in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Tiny pieces of plastic are almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use (一次性的) plastic we do not need. Don’t use plastic straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without plastic straws. Second, we can use other things to take the place of plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our Earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Also, planting bamboo is good for land and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and needs less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 1．According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help find out many new things A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 2．Why does using too much plastic make environmental problems? A．Because animals like eating plastic things. B．Because plastic is hard to break down in nature. C．Because sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. D．Because plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph refer to? A．Sea birds. B．Plastic things. C．Animals. D．Chicks. 4．Which of the following is good for the environment? A．Throw away the single-use plastic. B．Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C．Drink with a plastic straw while in the restaurant. D．Use bamboo to take the place of single-use plastic. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Buy What You Really Need B．Different Uses of Plastic C．Plastic, Dangerous or Useful D．Turn the Waste into Money 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍塑料的用途、过度使用带来的环境与健康危害，并提出减少塑料使用、以竹代塑、回收塑料三条解决办法。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段第二句“It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter, and protect against illness.”可知，①②③项内容均符合文意，④项文中未提及。 2．根据文章第二段前两句“Plastic is hard to break down (分解). Poisonous things in it pollute the water and soil. They are making environmental (环境的) problems.”可知，塑料难以分解是导致环境问题的主要原因。 3．根据文章第二段第六句“Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them.”和第七句“Many animals like these died because of them.”可知，动物死亡是因为误食了塑料，因此“them”指代的是前文中提到的“little plastic things”。 4．根据文章第六段第一句“Second, we can use other things to take the place of plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our Earth.”可知，用竹子代替一次性塑料对环境有益。A、B、C 项均涉及使用或丢弃塑料，不符合文中减少塑料使用的建议。 5．文章第一段介绍了塑料带来的便利（useful），第二段和第三段讲述了塑料过度使用带来的环境和健康危害（dangerous），后半部分提出了减少塑料使用的建议。全文围绕塑料的利弊展开，因此“Plastic, Dangerous or Useful”最能概括文章主旨。 Passage 3 ① At Tradewinds Middle School in the USA, you can see an excellent school garden. Green vegetables, strawberries and other plants grow out of plastic bottles hanging along a fence. ② In order to encourage students to take part in the Green Schools Recognition Programme and create a better environment, the school asks the sixth, seventh and eighth graders to grow some kinds of plants in their classrooms. Then they will move the plants to the campus (校园). At the same time, students are asked to collect and analyze data (分析数据) of the plants. To the school’s surprise, they were very happy to do the job. ③ Lauren Butcher, the Green Schools Recognition Programme organizer, says students learn more than just the skills of gardening. They discover that they can have an influence on the world around them. “Students see that their learning matters and their action counts,” Butcher adds. “And it’s just not that they will help one day, but they are helping the world right now.” ④ At Tradewinds, students who work in the school garden enjoy eating mulberries (桑葚) right off the bushes. Meanwhile, they learn a bigger-picture lesson. “When you go to the store, you say, ‘Oh, buy this.’ But you don’t really understand where it comes from,” says the seventh grader Sabrina Swayne, 13. “But when you grow it yourself, you get satisfaction from your work. You’re eating, saying, ‘Wow! We did lots of work for it, so we can eat this!’ ” ⑤ What’s more, while working through the careful process of growing plants, students can learn about how human activities influence ecosystems (生态系统). It makes them realize the importance of protecting the Earth. The science teacher Melissa Atkins says that gardening is more than just planting vegetables. It gives teenagers much more inspiration (灵感) to do something useful for the world. 1．What are the students asked to do in the programme? A．Grow plants at home. B．Write books about plants. C．Record plants’ growth. D．Sell plants in the store. 2．What does the underlined word “influence” mean in Paragraph 3? A．区别 B．收益 C．证明 D．影响 3．How does the writer show how Sabrina feels about growing vegetables by herself in Paragraph 4? A．By using Sabrina’s words. B．By introducing Sabrina’s fruit. C．By giving Sabrina’s advice. D．By showing Sabrina’s job. 4．What does Melissa Atkins think of gardening? A．She is against it. B．She can’t stand it. C．She doesn’t mind it. D．She thinks it’s important. 5．The structure (结构) of the passage is ________. A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国一所中学开展校园种植项目，让学生亲手培育植物、记录数据。这项活动不仅教会学生园艺技能，也让他们体会劳动价值、明白自身行动能改变环境，懂得保护地球的意义。 【详解】 1．根据第二段中“students are asked to collect and analyze data (分析数据) of the plants”可知，学生被要求收集和分析植物数据，即记录植物的生长情况。选项A提到“at home”与文中“in their classrooms”不符；选项 B 和 D 文中未提及。 2．根据第三段上下文“They discover that they can have an influence on the world around them…their action counts…helping the world right now”可知，学生发现他们能对周围世界产生作用或改变。结合常识及语境，“influence”意为“影响”。 3．根据第四段中“says the seventh grader Sabrina Swayne…‘But when you grow it yourself…’ ”可知，作者通过直接引用 Sabrina 的原话（words）来展示她对种植蔬菜的感受。 4．根据最后一段Melissa Atkins的话“gardening is more than just planting vegetables. It gives teenagers much more inspiration…to do something useful for the world”可知，她认为园艺能给学生灵感去做有用的事，持肯定和重视的态度。 5．分析文章结构：第一段①介绍学校花园的存在（现象）；第二段②介绍具体的种植项目和学生任务（行动）；第三段③、第四段④和第五段⑤分别通过组织者、学生和老师的视角阐述了该项目的意义和影响（意义/总结）。因此，③④⑤段内容紧密相关，应归为一部分。结构划分为①/②/③④⑤最为合理。 Passage 4 Protecting Our Amazing Home The Earth is the only planet we know that can support life. It gives us clean air, fresh water, rich soil and all the resources we need to live. However, human activities are putting our planet in great danger. Climate change is one of the biggest problems. The Earth’s temperature is rising because of too much carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air. This comes from burning fossil fuels (like coal, oil and gas) for cars, factories and electricity. Rising temperatures cause glaciers to melt, sea levels to rise, and more extreme weather, such as heavy rains, droughts and heatwaves. Pollution is another serious problem. Plastic waste is filling our oceans, killing sea animals and polluting our food chain. Air pollution from cars and factories makes people sick, especially children and the elderly. Water pollution from chemicals and waste makes rivers and lakes unsafe to drink from. Deforestation is also a big threat. People cut down millions of trees every year to make space for farms, buildings and roads. Trees absorb CO₂ and produce oxygen, so losing them makes climate change worse. It also destroys the homes of millions of animals, pushing many species to the edge of extinction. The good news is that everyone can help protect the Earth. We can reduce our use of plastic, save water and electricity, walk or bike instead of driving, and plant more trees. Small actions from every person can add up to big changes. Let’s work together to take care of our amazing home, so that future generations can also enjoy a healthy and beautiful planet. 1．What is the main problem caused by rising temperatures according to the passage? A．More plastic waste in oceans. B．Melting glaciers and rising sea levels. C．Less oxygen from trees. D．More trees are being cut down. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of pollution? A．Burning fossil fuels for cars. B．Plastic waste in oceans. C．Chemicals in water. D．Planting too many trees. 3．What does the underlined word “deforestation” probably mean in Chinese? A．森林火灾 B．森林砍伐 C．森林保护 D．森林恢复 4．Why are trees important to the Earth according to the passage? A．They can absorb CO₂ and produce oxygen. B．They can stop all extreme weather. C．They can make sea levels lower. D．They can clean all plastic waste. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce the causes of climate change. B．To show the beauty of the Earth. C．To call on people to protect the Earth. D．To explain the dangers of plastic pollution. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，点明地球是唯一可供生命生存的星球，并依次介绍气候变化、各类污染、森林砍伐三大地球危机，最后呼吁每个人行动起来共同保护地球。 【详解】 1．原文第二段“Rising temperatures cause glaciers to melt, sea levels to rise, and more extreme weather, such as heavy rains, droughts and heatwaves.”，气温升高会造成冰川融化、海平面上升。 2．原文第三段“Plastic waste is filling our oceans,...waste makes rivers and lakes unsafe to drink from”，塑料废物（B）、汽车排放导致的空气污染（A）、水中的化学物质（C）均被提及为污染原因。种植树木是第五段提到的保护措施，而非污染原因。 3．原文第四段“People cut down millions of trees every year to make space for farms, buildings and roads.”，该句解释 deforestation 指砍伐树木，中文含义为森林砍伐。 4．原文第四段“Trees absorb CO₂ and produce oxygen, so losing them makes climate change worse.”，树木的重要作用是吸收二氧化碳、产生氧气。 5．全文先讲述地球面临的多重危机，末尾号召大家从小事做起守护地球，写作目的是呼吁人们保护地球。 Passage 5 The Earth is very important to us. Most of us don’t want to pollute it, but sometimes we harm the Earth by using its resources the wrong way. 1 Choose ideas from the following or think of a few of your own. Plant flowers, grass, or trees. 2 Also, more trees and plants can make the air clean. Whenever you visit a park or a beach, take all your rubbish with you. Keep it in a bag until you find a dustbin to throw it away. Turn off the tap (水龙头) when you brush your teeth. 3 Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup. Stop putting dirty water into rivers or lakes. 4 Ask your friends to do the same to help protect the Earth. You don’t have to wait for Earth Day to do these things. 5 If everyone does something good to protect the Earth, it will become much more beautiful. A．Make every day Earth Day. B．In this way, you can protect plants and animals in the rivers or lakes. C．Plants can make the environment around you become beautiful. D．You can save some water by not letting it run all the time. E．Here are some easy things that you can do to protect the environment and the Earth. F．Don’t throw away rubbish everywhere. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了种植花草树木、带走垃圾、节约用水、不排放脏水等保护地球的简单方法，呼吁人们不必等待地球日，日常践行这些行为让地球更美丽。 【详解】 1．根据“The Earth is very important to us. Most of us don’t want to pollute it, but sometimes we harm the Earth by using its resources the wrong way.”可知，前文指出地球的重要性及人类对地球的不当使用，此处需要引出保护地球的具体方法，选项E“这里有一些你可以做的简单事情来保护环境和地球”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Plant flowers, grass, or trees.”和“Also, more trees and plants can make the air clean.”可知，此处围绕种植植物的好处展开，前文提出种植花草树木，后文补充其净化空气的作用，中间应说明植物的另一个益处，选项C“植物可以让你周围的环境变得美丽”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth.”可知，此处建议刷牙时关掉水龙头，核心是节约用水，选项D“你可以通过不让水一直流来节约一些水”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“Stop putting dirty water into rivers or lakes.”可知，此处建议不要向河流或湖泊排放脏水，其目的是保护河湖中的生物，选项B“这样，你可以保护河流或湖泊中的植物和动物”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“You don’t have to wait for Earth Day to do these things.”可知，前文指出不必等到地球日才做这些保护地球的事，此处应强调每天都可以践行保护地球的行为，选项A“让每一天都成为地球日”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 6 Scientists have some important news. The year 2025 was one of the warmest years ever recorded! A climate (气候) centre in China discovered this after studying weather data (数据) from all over the world for many years. The data clearly shows our earth is getting hotter and hotter, and this trend (趋势) is not slowing down. A key reason for this warming is the very warm Arctic. Temperatures at the North and South poles keep breaking records every year. When the ice there melts (融化), it not only makes sea levels rise but also changes the weather: Some places may become too hot to live in comfortably, some areas may get too dry and have not enough water for farming, and others may face very big storms. This news makes all of us focus on environmental problems. We need to protect our planet right now, and everyone can play a part. We can help by saving energy — like turning off lights when we leave a room, planting more trees to take in carbon dioxide, and using fewer plastic (塑料) bags and bottles because plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Even small things, such as walking or riding bikes instead of taking cars for short trips, matter a lot. Every small action is important for our earth’s future, and if we work together, we can make the planet a cooler and healthier home for everyone. 1．What did the Chinese climate centre discover? 2．Why is the earth getting warmer? 3．What problems does melting polar ice bring? 4．How can we help protect the planet? 5．What small action will you take to protect the earth, and why? (Your answer should be different from the ones in the text.) 【答案】1．2025 was one of the warmest years ever recorded. 2．A key reason is the very warm Arctic. 3．It makes sea levels rise and changes the weather. 4．We can save energy, plant trees, use less plastic, and choose to walk or bike for short trips. 5．I will use both sides of my paper because it can help save trees. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了全球气候变暖的现状、原因、影响，并呼吁人们采取实际行动来保护地球环境。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“The year 2025 was one of the warmest years ever recorded! A climate centre in China discovered this ...”可知，中国气候中心发现2025年是有记录以来最热的年份之一，答案是原文关键信息的直接提取。 2．根据第二段“A key reason for this warming is the very warm Arctic. Temperatures at the North and South poles keep breaking records every year.”可知，地球变暖的一个关键原因是北极地区异常温暖，极地气温不断打破纪录，答案是原文成因的直接概括。 3．根据第二段“When the ice there melts, it not only makes sea levels rise but also changes the weather: Some places may become too hot to live in comfortably, some areas may get too dry and have not enough water for farming, and others may face very big storms.”可知，极地冰川融化会导致海平面上升，并引发全球天气模式改变，带来高温、干旱、风暴等问题，答案是原文影响的直接提炼。 4．根据第三段“We can help by saving energy ... planting more trees ... and using less plastic bags and bottles ... walking or riding bikes instead of taking cars for short trips ...”可知，我们可以通过节约能源、植树造林、减少塑料使用、短途选择步行或骑行等方式保护地球，答案是原文环保措施的整合概括。 5．本题为开放性问题，要求提出一个文中未提及的保护地球的小行动并说明原因，言之有理即可。示例：I will use both sides of my paper because it can help save trees.。 $ Unit 4 The Earth 地球 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时 文 阅 读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 205 本文介绍英国圣诞节的各类浪费现象，并给出建议，倡导过环保有意义的绿色圣诞节。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 228 本文主要介绍光污染给自然界带来的种种危害。 实 战 演 练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 182 本文讲述Scott在地球日邀请同学植树，希望人们重视环境的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 309 本文介绍塑料的用途与过度使用的危害，给出三条减少塑料污染的解决措施。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 308 本文讲述美国一所中学的校园种植项目，该活动帮助学生学习技能、懂得劳动价值与保护地球的意义。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 263 本文指出地球是唯一孕育生命的星球，介绍地球面临的三大危机，呼吁大家行动保护地球。 Passage5 阅读还原 说明文 225 本文列举保护地球的简易做法，呼吁人们不必等到地球日，在日常生活中守护地球。 Passage6 任务型阅读 说明文 242 本文介绍全球气候变暖的现状、成因与影响，呼吁人们用实际行动保护环境。 Passage1 A Greener Christmas Christmas is a wonderful time of year, but it can also be very wasteful. In the UK, people use about 3,000 kilometers of wrapping paper every year. That’s enough to go around the world several times! They also waste millions of turkeys. Many families buy more food than they need and throw away the leftovers. In addition, nearly 8 million Christmas trees are cut down each year. Most of them end up in landfills after the holiday. However, there are ways to celebrate Christmas in a more environmentally friendly way. Instead of using wrapping paper, you can wrap gifts in old newspapers or reusable cloth bags. Instead of buying a real tree, you can use a potted plant or make a tree from recycled materials. Some people even draw a tree on the wall! Reducing waste doesn’t mean you have to give up the fun. You can still enjoy delicious food, but try to plan meals carefully so you don’t make too much. And if you have leftovers, share them with others or freeze them for later. A “green Christmas” is not only good for the planet, but it can also be more creative and meaningful. Let’s start new traditions that care for our environment. 更环保的圣诞节 圣诞节是一年中美好的时光，但它也可能非常浪费。在英国，人们每年大约使用约 3000 千米的包装纸。这足够绕地球好几圈！他们还会浪费数百万只火鸡。许多家庭买的食物超过了实际需要，然后把剩余的食物扔掉。此外，每年有近 800 万棵圣诞树被砍伐。假期结束后，其中大多数最终被送往垃圾填埋场。 然而，有一些方法可以用更环保的方式庆祝圣诞节。你可以用旧报纸或可重复使用的布袋包装礼物，而不是使用包装纸。你可以使用盆栽植物或用回收材料制作一棵树，而不是买真树。有些人甚至在墙上画一棵树！ 减少浪费并不意味着你必须放弃乐趣。你仍然可以享受美味的食物，但要尽量仔细计划用餐，避免做得太多。如果有剩余食物，可以与他人分享，或者冷冻起来以后食用。 “绿色圣诞节” 不仅对地球有益，也可能更有创意、更有意义。让我们开启关心环境的新传统。 1．How much wrapping paper do people in the UK use every year? A．About 3,000 kilometers. B．About 8,000 kilometers. C．About 1,000 kilometers. D．About 5,000 kilometers. 2．What happens to most Christmas trees after the holiday? A．They are replanted. B．They are recycled. C．They end up in landfills. D．They are donated. 3．What is suggested instead of using wrapping paper? A．Using plastic bags. B．Using old newspapers. C．Buying new paper. D．Using plastic wrap. 4．What does the author say about food waste? A．People should buy more food. B．People should plan meals carefully. C．People should throw away leftovers. D．People should not eat turkey. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Christmas is too expensive. B．We can celebrate Christmas in greener ways. C．People should stop celebrating Christmas. D．Christmas traditions are not important. 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单词 wasteful 浪费的 wrapping 包装 turkey 火鸡 leftover 剩菜，剩余物 landfill 垃圾填埋场 environmentally‑friendly 环保的 reusable 可重复使用的 potted 盆栽的 recycled 回收利用的 give 给予 freeze 冷冻 creative 有创意的 meaningful 有意义的 tradition 传统 短语 wrapping paper 包装纸 cut down 砍倒 end up 最终处于 instead of 代替；而不是 recycled materials 回收材料 give up 放弃 plan meals carefully 仔细规划餐食 share…with… 与…… 分享…… be good for 对…… 有益 care for 爱护；关心 【长难句分析】 1.Instead of using wrapping paper, you can wrap gifts in old newspapers or reusable cloth bags. 译文：你可以用旧报纸或可重复使用的布袋包装礼物，而不是使用包装纸。 句型结构：Instead of doing…, sb. can do… 2.A “green Christmas” is not only good for the planet, but it can also be more creative and meaningful. 译文：一场 “绿色圣诞节” 不仅对地球有益，还可以更富有创意、更有意义。 核心句型：not only … but (also)…；不仅…… 而且……，用来连接两个并列成分。 本句连接两个分句： ① A “green Christmas” is good for the planet ② it can also be more creative and meaningful Passage2 How many stars can you see in the night sky? If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are “just a few” or “none” because of light pollution. Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms (伤害) nature and people. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals. These kinds of animals sleep in the day and are busy at night. Animal scientist Christopher Kyba said man-made light is “the biggest change” humans have brought to these animals. Small animals use darkness to hide (隐藏) and protect themselves. But, he said, cloudy skies near cities are now “hundreds of times” brighter at night. This means that, for example, cats can catch and eat more rats. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all, and this leads to the death of cats. Baby sea turtles (海龟) are born on beaches in the nighttime. They find the water by the light of the sea. Man-made lights lead them away from the sea. In Florida alone, “So many sea turtles die this way every year,” said the US-based International Dark-Sky Association. Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in the wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings. 你在夜空中能看见多少颗星星？如果你住在大城市，大多数时候你的答案是 “只有寥寥几颗” 或者 “一颗都看不到”，这都是光污染造成的。 当过多的人造光伤害到大自然与人类时，光污染就产生了。科学家发现，它对夜行动物的伤害尤其大。 这类动物白天睡觉，夜间活动。动物科学家克里斯托弗・基巴表示，人造光是人类带给这些动物 “最大的改变”。 小型动物借助黑暗来躲藏、保护自己。但他说，如今城市附近多云的夜空在夜晚会 “亮上数百倍”。举例来说，这就意味着猫可以捕捉吃掉更多老鼠。之后，猫的数量会变得过多，没有足够的老鼠来养活全部的猫，这就会造成猫的死亡。 小海龟在夜间出生在海滩上。它们依靠海面的光亮找到大海。人造光会误导它们，使它们远离大海。总部位于美国的国际暗夜协会表示：“仅仅在佛罗里达州，每年就有非常多海龟以这种方式死去。” 此外，在夜间迁徙或者捕猎的鸟类需要月光与星光。人造光会将它们引向错误的方向。每年，有数百万只鸟类因为撞上灯火通明的建筑物而死亡。 1．If you live in a big city with light pollution, how often can you see stars in the sky? A．Always. B．Usually. C．Often. D．Seldom. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about light pollution? A．It does no harm to people. B．It does little harm to animals. C．It is a kind of light which comes from nature. D．It happens when people make too much light. 3．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” probably mean? A．busy at night B．busy in the daytime C．small D．strange 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Baby sea turtles are often born during the day. B．Mountains of birds die because of man-made light. C．Cloudy skies near urban areas are now much darker at night. D．Small animals dislike darkness because they don’t need to hide. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Seeing the stars B．Protecting birds C．A bright city kills D．Light is harmful 【重难词汇、短语梳理】 单词 / 短语 中文释义 lead…away from… 把…… 引离…… light pollution 光污染 lead…in the wrong direction 把…… 引向错误方向 manmade adj. 人造的 millions of 数百万的 harm v./n. 伤害；损害 fly into 撞上；飞进 nocturnal adj. 夜间活动的 brightlylit adj. 灯火通明的 hide v. 隐藏，躲藏 none pron. 一个也没有 protect oneself 保护自己 lead to 导致 【长难句分析】 1.If you live in big cities, most of the time your answers are “just a few” or “none” because of light pollution. 翻译：如果你住在大城市，大多数时候你的答案是 “只有寥寥几颗” 或者 “一颗都看不到”，这都是光污染造成的。 句子结构：If引导条件状语从句 + 主句；because of + 名词短语表原因（后接名词，不能接句子） 从句：If you live in big cities 如果你住在大城市 主句：most of the time your answers are “just a few” or “none” 大多数时候你的答案是 “只有寥寥几颗” 或者 “一颗都看不到” 原因状语：because of light pollution 由于光污染 2. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all, and this leads to the death of cats. 翻译：之后，猫的数量会变得过多，没有足够的老鼠来养活全部的猫，这就会造成猫的死亡。 句子结构：there be句型 + 并列句，and连接两个并列分句 too many +可数名词复数：太多…… enough +名词 + to do：足够…… 去做某事 lead to +名词：导致……（to 是介词，后面接名词 / 代词，不接动词原形） Passage 1 Scott and his family are in a planting club. Scott plants trees 1 his parents on Earth Day every year. This year, Scott wants some of his classmates to 2 his family to plant trees on Earth Day. So he tells them about this. Tomorrow is Earth Day. Scott asks his classmates, “What trees do you 3 plant?” “Well, all trees. They are good for the 4 .” Lily says. Then a(n) 5 suddenly hits Scott. He says, “We can make some nice 6 and stick (粘贴) them on the trees to let people know the importance of environment.” “Great! Let’s do it!” Scott’s classmates 7 some words on the cards. They are very 8 . Because they can protect the environment by planting trees. On Earth Day, Scott goes to the park with his parents and his classmates. Scott and his parents teach them to plant trees. And finally, they stick the cards on the trees. They want more people to plant trees like them. And they 9 want people to know the importance of environment and protect the environment. What a 10 activity! 1．A．with B．around C．for D．without 2．A．join B．finish C．arrive D．carry 3．A．stop to B．want to C．turn to D．agree to 4．A．health B．pollution C．environment D．buildings 5．A．idea B．question C．story D．problem 6．A．gifts B．cards C．calls D．friends 7．A．think B．write C．lose D．speak 8．A．excited B．clever C．busy D．nervous 9．A．still B．also C．nearly D．only 10．A．fantastic B．boring C．scary D．serious Passage 2 When people started using plastic in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter, and protect against illness. But we find something bad after overusing it. Plastic is hard to break down (分解). Poisonous things in it pollute the water and soil. They are making environmental (环境的) problems. A whale died (死) in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Tiny pieces of plastic are almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use (一次性的) plastic we do not need. Don’t use plastic straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without plastic straws. Second, we can use other things to take the place of plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our Earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Also, planting bamboo is good for land and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and needs less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 1．According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help find out many new things A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 2．Why does using too much plastic make environmental problems? A．Because animals like eating plastic things. B．Because plastic is hard to break down in nature. C．Because sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. D．Because plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph refer to? A．Sea birds. B．Plastic things. C．Animals. D．Chicks. 4．Which of the following is good for the environment? A．Throw away the single-use plastic. B．Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C．Drink with a plastic straw while in the restaurant. D．Use bamboo to take the place of single-use plastic. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Buy What You Really Need B．Different Uses of Plastic C．Plastic, Dangerous or Useful D．Turn the Waste into Money Passage 3 ① At Tradewinds Middle School in the USA, you can see an excellent school garden. Green vegetables, strawberries and other plants grow out of plastic bottles hanging along a fence. ② In order to encourage students to take part in the Green Schools Recognition Programme and create a better environment, the school asks the sixth, seventh and eighth graders to grow some kinds of plants in their classrooms. Then they will move the plants to the campus (校园). At the same time, students are asked to collect and analyze data (分析数据) of the plants. To the school’s surprise, they were very happy to do the job. ③ Lauren Butcher, the Green Schools Recognition Programme organizer, says students learn more than just the skills of gardening. They discover that they can have an influence on the world around them. “Students see that their learning matters and their action counts,” Butcher adds. “And it’s just not that they will help one day, but they are helping the world right now.” ④ At Tradewinds, students who work in the school garden enjoy eating mulberries (桑葚) right off the bushes. Meanwhile, they learn a bigger-picture lesson. “When you go to the store, you say, ‘Oh, buy this.’ But you don’t really understand where it comes from,” says the seventh grader Sabrina Swayne, 13. “But when you grow it yourself, you get satisfaction from your work. You’re eating, saying, ‘Wow! We did lots of work for it, so we can eat this!’ ” ⑤ What’s more, while working through the careful process of growing plants, students can learn about how human activities influence ecosystems (生态系统). It makes them realize the importance of protecting the Earth. The science teacher Melissa Atkins says that gardening is more than just planting vegetables. It gives teenagers much more inspiration (灵感) to do something useful for the world. 1．What are the students asked to do in the programme? A．Grow plants at home. B．Write books about plants. C．Record plants’ growth. D．Sell plants in the store. 2．What does the underlined word “influence” mean in Paragraph 3? A．区别 B．收益 C．证明 D．影响 3．How does the writer show how Sabrina feels about growing vegetables by herself in Paragraph 4? A．By using Sabrina’s words. B．By introducing Sabrina’s fruit. C．By giving Sabrina’s advice. D．By showing Sabrina’s job. 4．What does Melissa Atkins think of gardening? A．She is against it. B．She can’t stand it. C．She doesn’t mind it. D．She thinks it’s important. 5．The structure (结构) of the passage is ________. A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ Passage 4 Protecting Our Amazing Home The Earth is the only planet we know that can support life. It gives us clean air, fresh water, rich soil and all the resources we need to live. However, human activities are putting our planet in great danger. Climate change is one of the biggest problems. The Earth’s temperature is rising because of too much carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air. This comes from burning fossil fuels (like coal, oil and gas) for cars, factories and electricity. Rising temperatures cause glaciers to melt, sea levels to rise, and more extreme weather, such as heavy rains, droughts and heatwaves. Pollution is another serious problem. Plastic waste is filling our oceans, killing sea animals and polluting our food chain. Air pollution from cars and factories makes people sick, especially children and the elderly. Water pollution from chemicals and waste makes rivers and lakes unsafe to drink from. Deforestation is also a big threat. People cut down millions of trees every year to make space for farms, buildings and roads. Trees absorb CO₂ and produce oxygen, so losing them makes climate change worse. It also destroys the homes of millions of animals, pushing many species to the edge of extinction. The good news is that everyone can help protect the Earth. We can reduce our use of plastic, save water and electricity, walk or bike instead of driving, and plant more trees. Small actions from every person can add up to big changes. Let’s work together to take care of our amazing home, so that future generations can also enjoy a healthy and beautiful planet. 1．What is the main problem caused by rising temperatures according to the passage? A．More plastic waste in oceans. B．Melting glaciers and rising sea levels. C．Less oxygen from trees. D．More trees are being cut down. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of pollution? A．Burning fossil fuels for cars. B．Plastic waste in oceans. C．Chemicals in water. D．Planting too many trees. 3．What does the underlined word “deforestation” probably mean in Chinese? A．森林火灾 B．森林砍伐 C．森林保护 D．森林恢复 4．Why are trees important to the Earth according to the passage? A．They can absorb CO₂ and produce oxygen. B．They can stop all extreme weather. C．They can make sea levels lower. D．They can clean all plastic waste. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce the causes of climate change. B．To show the beauty of the Earth. C．To call on people to protect the Earth. D．To explain the dangers of plastic pollution. Passage 5 The Earth is very important to us. Most of us don’t want to pollute it, but sometimes we harm the Earth by using its resources the wrong way. 1 Choose ideas from the following or think of a few of your own. Plant flowers, grass, or trees. 2 Also, more trees and plants can make the air clean. Whenever you visit a park or a beach, take all your rubbish with you. Keep it in a bag until you find a dustbin to throw it away. Turn off the tap (水龙头) when you brush your teeth. 3 Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup. Stop putting dirty water into rivers or lakes. 4 Ask your friends to do the same to help protect the Earth. You don’t have to wait for Earth Day to do these things. 5 If everyone does something good to protect the Earth, it will become much more beautiful. A．Make every day Earth Day. B．In this way, you can protect plants and animals in the rivers or lakes. C．Plants can make the environment around you become beautiful. D．You can save some water by not letting it run all the time. E．Here are some easy things that you can do to protect the environment and the Earth. F．Don’t throw away rubbish everywhere. Passage 6 Scientists have some important news. The year 2025 was one of the warmest years ever recorded! A climate (气候) centre in China discovered this after studying weather data (数据) from all over the world for many years. The data clearly shows our earth is getting hotter and hotter, and this trend (趋势) is not slowing down. A key reason for this warming is the very warm Arctic. Temperatures at the North and South poles keep breaking records every year. When the ice there melts (融化), it not only makes sea levels rise but also changes the weather: Some places may become too hot to live in comfortably, some areas may get too dry and have not enough water for farming, and others may face very big storms. This news makes all of us focus on environmental problems. We need to protect our planet right now, and everyone can play a part. We can help by saving energy — like turning off lights when we leave a room, planting more trees to take in carbon dioxide, and using fewer plastic (塑料) bags and bottles because plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Even small things, such as walking or riding bikes instead of taking cars for short trips, matter a lot. Every small action is important for our earth’s future, and if we work together, we can make the planet a cooler and healthier home for everyone. 1．What did the Chinese climate centre discover? 2．Why is the earth getting warmer? 3．What problems does melting polar ice bring? 4．How can we help protect the planet? 5．What small action will you take to protect the earth, and why? (Your answer should be different from the ones in the text.) $