选修1 课时作业21 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND-【优化探究】2027年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦阅读理解专题，依据高考评价体系覆盖细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、段落大意等核心考点，结合2025年山东济南三模、潍坊一模等真题实例，分析各题型权重，归纳常考设题角度，体现备考的针对性和实用性。 课件亮点在于“真题解析+技巧提炼+素养培育”，如通过语境猜词模块的构词法（unmet=un-+met）指导词义猜测题突破，结合推理判断题的信息整合方法培养思维品质，助力学生掌握答题逻辑，教师可依托此课件精准实施考点突破，提升复习效率。

课时作业21 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共30分) A (2025·山东济南三模)Esther Kimani, a 29-year-old pioneer in agritech, is changing the lives of smallholder farmers across Africa. As the founder of Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT), she has applied artificial intelligence (AI) to fight against crop pests (害虫) and diseases, significantly reducing losses for rural farmers. Kimani’s journey began in a small Kenyan village on the Aberdare Mountains. Witnessing firsthand the severe impact of pests and diseases on their crops—and consequently, their income—she understood early how agricultural losses could mean ①unmet basic needs like school fees and healthcare. Despite these challenges, Kimani became the first girl from her village to attend university, studying computer science. It was there that she recognized the potential of technology to solve rural farmers’ struggles, and that’s how FLT was born. In Kenya alone，7.5 million smallholder farmers lose up to 50% of their yield (产量) to pests and diseases annually—losses that could feed millions. Traditional solutions like hiring agricultural consultants or using drones (无人机) are prohibitively expensive. To solve this critical issue, she developed an AI-powered camera, which is set up on farms at no upfront cost. It scans crops continuously and warns farmers through Short Message Service (SMS) for $3 per month when pests or diseases are detected. A key focus for Kimani is supporting women farmers, who make up 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing nations, but who often lack access to technology. “Men in rural communities tend to have smartphones, while women rely on basic feature phones，” she notes. “Through SMS, we ensure women aren’t left behind.” Kimani’s innovation has already impacted thousands of farmers, 78% of whom have reported a yield increase of over 36%. Her team aims to reach 200 thousand farms across the country within five years. For Kimani, success in 2030 means seeing 200 thousand smallholder farmers living with dignity—affording education, healthcare, and financial stability through improved yields. Kimani is not just building a company; she’s reshaping the future of African agriculture. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了29岁的农业技术先驱Esther Kimani通过创立Farmer Lifeline Technologies (FLT)，利用人工智能技术帮助非洲小农户对抗作物病虫害，显著减少损失并改善农民生活的故事。 1 2 3 1.Why did Kimani found FLT? A.To ②fund rural farmers. B.To transform farming. C.To expand AI industry. D.To research crop types. 答案：B 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It was there that she recognized the potential of technology to solve rural farmers’ struggles, and that’s how FLT was born.”可知，Kimani创立FLT的初衷是通过技术解决农民的困境，即改造农业。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 2.How does the AI-powered camera help farmers? A.By sending them timely warnings. B.By connecting them to consultants. C.By controlling drones to scan crops. D.By driving pests away automatically. 答案：A 4 1 2 3 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It scans crops continuously and warns farmers through Short Message Service (SMS) for $3 per month when pests or diseases are detected.”可知，AI驱动的摄像头通过向农民发送及时警告来帮助他们。故选A项。 4 1 2 3 3.What is an advantage of Kimani’s innovation? A.Equal access. B.Tailored service. C.Large storage. D.Easy maintenance. 答案：A 4 1 2 3 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“A key focus for Kimani is supporting women farmers, who make up 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing nations, but...‘Through SMS, we ensure women aren’t left behind. ’”可知，Kimani的创新确保了女性农民也能被纳入技术帮助的范围，即体现了平等获取技术帮助的优势。故选A项。 4 4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Financial policies affect agriculture. B.African agriculture will take the lead. C.Kimani will pursue further education. D.Kimani’s innovation powers a bright future. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段前三句“Kimani’s innovation has already impacted thousands of farmers, 78% of whom have reported a yield increase of over 36%. Her team aims to reach 200 thousand farms across the country within five years. For Kimani, success in 2030 means seeing 200 thousand smallholder farmers living with dignity—affording education, healthcare, and financial stability through improved yields.”可知，Kimani的创新已经取得了显著成效，并且她的团队有着明确的目标和愿景，即改善更多农民的生活。由此可推知，Kimani的创新将推动农业走向光明前景。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 [语境猜词] ①unmet＝un-＋ met (meet v.的过去分词)→______________ ②fund (熟义：n.资金，现款) 文章义：__________________ adj.未满足的 v.为……提供资金 B Precision agriculture is one of the most significant trends in modern farming. One particularly promising application involves the use of real-time imaging to visualize how tiny drops of liquid are forming on plant surfaces. Unlike conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and ①uniform application of pesticides (杀虫剂) across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs. This development originated from the work of Vishnu Jayaprakash, who had some family exposure to the process of spraying crops and recognized that the main challenge in that process is how to make water-based sprays interact effectively with surfaces of plants. Several factors influence this process, including the pressure, flow and nozzle (喷嘴) design of the application device, and the temperature, sunlight intensity, wind and other conditions at the time of spraying. To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system that can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the sprayed solution on the target plants to determine necessary adjustments for the best degree of coverage with appropriately sized tiny drops. The system can be used to make on-the-go adjustments in order to get the spray coverage “just right”. This allows farmers to use only 20%-30% of the product per acre (英亩) while maintaining key functions like pest control, fertilization, and growth regulation. The advancement in precision agriculture is helping farmers reduce costs while maintaining crop protection. Susan Scheufele, an extension researcher at the University of Massachusetts, has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops. In trials for cotton leaf ②removal, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum recommended application rate on the product label. The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings. Despite the fact that this technology still has a long way to go, its adoption ensures that chemical residues in crops are well below harmful levels, safeguarding ecosystems and food safety. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了精准农业中的一项新技术——通过实时成像技术优化农药喷洒效果，从而提高农业生产效率并减少化学物质的使用。 5 6 7 8 5.What can be learned about precision agriculture in paragraph 1? A.It visualizes plants more clearly. B.It uses pesticides more accurately. C.It continuously monitors plant growth. D.It estimates the need of the entire field. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unlike conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and uniform application of pesticides across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs.”可知，精准农业更准确地使用杀虫剂。故选B项。 5 6 7 8 6.How does Jayaprakash’s two-camera system work? A.By guiding spraying equipment to target plant surfaces. B.By calculating the precise amount of pesticide required. C.By making real-time adjustments to enhance spray coverage. D.By using imaging to closely monitor plant growth and health. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system that can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the sprayed solution on the target plants to determine necessary adjustments for the best degree of coverage with appropriately sized tiny drops.”可知，双摄像头系统通过进行实时调整，提高喷雾覆盖范围来工作。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 7.Why does the author mention Susan Scheufele’s field trials? A.To analyze the responses of different crops. B.To compare the application rates across crops. C.To illustrate the effectiveness of the technology. D.To highlight the limitations of traditional farming. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“In trials for cotton leaf removal, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum recommended application rate on the product label. (在棉花叶片去除试验中，即使使用产品标签上最低推荐用量的50%，也显示出积极的效果)”可知，作者提及Susan Scheufele的田间试验是为了证明技术的有效性。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 8.What is the author’s attitude toward precision agriculture? A.Intolerant. 　　　　　　 B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Approving. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings. Despite the fact that this technology still has a long way to go, its adoption ensures that chemical residues in crops are well below harmful levels, safeguarding ecosystems and food safety.”可知，作者对精准农业的态度是支持的。故选D项。 5 6 7 8 [语境猜词] ①uniform (熟义：n.校服，制服) 文章义：_____________ ②removal＝remove v.＋-al→________________ adj.统一的 n.去除，除去 C (2025·山东潍坊一模)Imagine a world where food security relies on just a few crops.This is not fiction but our current path.Agricultural biodiversity—the lifeblood of our ecosystems—is collapsing due to climate change, habitat destruction, and industrial farming.Over 75% of plant genetic diversity has disappeared in a century, with just nine species now dominating global crop production.Such ①reliance on a narrow set of crops leaves food systems open to pests, diseases, and climate extremes. Genetic diversity acts as a natural barrier against environmental changes. Different crop varieties respond differently to stressors, providing farmers with options to manage risks.When one crop fails, others can compensate, helping to safeguard harvests and ②livelihoods. However, as the diversity on our farms drops, farmers have fewer tools to adapt to the growing challenge ③brought on by environmental change. The fall brings numerous consequences, and human health suffers as well.Global diets now center on energy-rich but nutrient-poor food, resulting in diet-related deaths.And reduced access to diverse fruits and vegetables worsens malnutrition (营养不良) globally. Turning the trend around requires a multi-aspect approach that combines conservation, sustainable farming practices, and scientific innovation.Central to these efforts is the conservation of genetic resources—the seeds, genes, and living organisms that sustain our food systems.The global genebank network developed by CGIAR conserves over 700，000 accessions of more than 3，000 locally important and less well-known plant species.Sending samples out to thousands of requesters worldwide every year, it brings diversity back into communities, fields, and landscapes.We ourselves also need to bring biodiversity back into our fields.Agroecological practices, such as intercropping and agroforestry, capitalize on the power of biodiversity to enhance soil health, control pests, and improve water use efficiency. Biodiversity is our ④insurance against environmental ⑤uncertainty. But like any insurance, it only works if we maintain it.Today’s choices determine tomorrow’s food recovery capacity.By boosting conservation and innovation, we can ⑥safeguard the genetic foundation of our survival.The seeds of the future are in our hands—let them thrive. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当前全球粮食系统对少数作物的过度依赖及其风险，并提出了保护与恢复生物多样性的方案。 9 10 11 12 9.What is discussed regarding global agriculture? A.The decline of agricultural biodiversity. B.The mismatch between food supplies and demand. C.The lack of advanced agricultural technology. D.The overuse of chemical fertilizers in farming. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Agricultural biodiversity—the lifeblood of our ecosystems—is collapsing due to climate change, habitat destruction, and industrial farming.Over 75% of plant genetic diversity has disappeared in a century, with just nine species now dominating global crop production.(农业生物多样性是我们的生态系统的命脉，由于气候变化、栖息地破坏和工业化农业，它正在崩溃。一个世纪以来，超过75%的植物遗传多样性已经消失，目前只有9种作物主导着全球作物生产)”可知，文章讨论的是农业生物多样性的下降。故选A。 9 10 11 12 10.What does the underlined word “compensate” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Suffer from the risk. B.Speed up the recovery. C.Make up for the loss. D.Increase the diversity. 答案：C 9 10 11 12 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Genetic diversity acts as a natural barrier against environmental changes.Different crop varieties respond differently to stressors, providing farmers with options to manage risks.(遗传多样性是抵御环境变化的天然屏障。不同的作物品种对压力源的反应不同，为农民提供了管理风险的选择)”可知，不同的农作物对压力的抵抗有差异，为农民提供保障。画线词所在句表明当一种作物歉收时，其他作物可以compensate，从而保障收成和生计。结合上文不同作物抗压的差异可以推出，它们形成了互补关系。由此推断，画线词的意思是“弥补，补偿”。故选C。 9 10 11 12 11.What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A.The role of CGIAR. B.Impacts of farming practices. C.Measures to increase biodiversity. D.The importance of genetic diversity. 答案：C 9 10 11 12 解析：段落大意题。第四段首句“Turning the trend around requires a multi-aspect approach that combines conservation, sustainable farming practices, and scientific innovation.”表明扭转农业生物多样性下降的趋势需要多方面的方法，将保护、可持续农业实践和科学创新结合起来。下文具体介绍了全球基因库网络以及农业生态实践。因此，第四段主要介绍了增加生物多样性的措施。故选C。 9 10 11 12 9 10 11 12 12.What does the author agree with? A.Immediate human action is vital. B.The future global food supply is assured. C.Buying insurance for crops is a must. D.Traditional genetic seeds are hard to survive. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Today’s choices determine tomorrow’s food recovery capacity.”以及“The seeds of the future are in our hands—let them thrive.”可知，作者认为当下的选择十分重要并发出了行动号召。因此，作者会认同人类立即采取行动至关重要的观点。故选A。 9 10 11 12 [语境猜词] ①reliance＝rely v.＋-ance→_______________ ②livelihood＝lively adj.＋-hood →__________ ③bring on_____________ ④insurance n.(熟义：保险)文章义：____________________ ⑤uncertainty＝un-(不，无) ＋certain adj.＋-ty→___________ ⑥safeguard＝safe adj.＋guard v.→_________ n.依赖，依靠 n.生计 引起；导致 保障措施，安全保证 n.不确定性 v.保护 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水果蔬菜上面贴的PLU(价格查询代码)标签的用途、由来，以及随着技术的发展，它可能会被标记水果和蔬菜代码的激光代替。 Whenever you pick up an apple and prepare to eat it, you may notice a small sticker attached to the fruit with a row of four or five numbers on it. That string of numbers is something called a Price Look-Up (PLU) code. 13 It’s designed to help supermarkets get to know their inventory (库存) of fruits and vegetables, and to make it easy for checkout clerks to know what to charge for a particular item. Thus, you can get through the line and out of the door more quickly. A.The function is fairly simple. B.PLU codes have a long history. C.You probably think organic food is healthier. D.The appearance of PLUs helped solve this problem. E.Besides, it shows where the fruit or vegetable comes from. F.The future of fruit and vegetable stickers is still uncertain. G.You can use the PLU search app to know what a particular one means. 13.答案：A 解析：下文“It’s designed to help supermarkets get to know their inventory of fruits and vegetables, and to make it easy for checkout clerks to know what to charge for a particular item.”说明发明PLU代码的用途。空处引出下文，A项“功能相当简单”符合语境。故选A。 From the code, you can also know what specific variety of a particular fruit or vegetable you’re going to enjoy—whether it’s a Honeycrisp apple or a Shamouti orange. And it may tell you the size of the fruit or vegetable. 14 You may know whether it was grown conventionally (常规地) or on an organic farm. A.The function is fairly simple. B.PLU codes have a long history. C.You probably think organic food is healthier. D.The appearance of PLUs helped solve this problem. E.Besides, it shows where the fruit or vegetable comes from. F.The future of fruit and vegetable stickers is still uncertain. G.You can use the PLU search app to know what a particular one means. 14.答案：E 解析：上文“And it may tell you the size of the fruit or vegetable.”说明从PLU标签中可以知道水果或蔬菜的尺寸。空处和上文为递进关系，同时说明能够从PLU代码中获取什么信息。E项中的it指代上文中的code，说明除了水果或蔬菜的大小，它还可以让人们知道蔬菜或水果来自哪里。E选项“此外，它还显示了水果或蔬菜的来源”符合语境。故选E。 A volunteer committee developed PLUs in 1988.One important reason why PLUs were invented was to enable supermarkets to tell the difference between conventionally grown fruits and vegetables and higher-priced organic food. As organic produce was being introduced then, cashiers often wrongly sold it at the conventional price. 15 There are now more than 1，500 different PLUs in use around the globe. 16 Just type in the code from a sticker on a piece of fruit, and it will tell you that 3114, for example, refers to an extra large green mango，belonging to the Keitt or Francis varieties of that fruit. A.The function is fairly simple. B.PLU codes have a long history. C.You probably think organic food is healthier. D.The appearance of PLUs helped solve this problem. E.Besides, it shows where the fruit or vegetable comes from. F.The future of fruit and vegetable stickers is still uncertain. G.You can use the PLU search app to know what a particular one means. 15.答案：D 解析：上文“As organic produce was being introduced then, cashiers often wrongly sold it at the conventional price.”说明收银员经常错误地将有机农产品以传统产品的价格出售。空处给出解决此问题的办法。D项中的“this problem”指代上文中的“cashiers often wrongly sold it at the conventional price”，因此D项“PLU的出现帮助解决了这个问题”符合语境。故选D。 16.答案：G 解析：下文“Just type in the code from a sticker on a piece of fruit, and it will tell you that 3114, for example, refers to an extra large green mango，belonging to the Keitt or Francis varieties of that fruit.”说明输入水果贴纸上的代码会获得什么样的信息。空处承上启下。G项中的“what a particular one means”和上文中的“more than 1，500 different PLUs in use”相呼应，“the PLU search app”和下文中的“type in the code”相呼应，说明G项“你可以使用PLU搜索应用程序来了解某个特定代码的含义”符合语境。故选G。 17 The produce industry has been trying to develop biodegradable (可生物降解的) PLU stickers, but it’s difficult to do that. Eventually, PLU stickers may be replaced altogether by lasers that mark the codes on fruits and vegetables. A.The function is fairly simple. B.PLU codes have a long history. C.You probably think organic food is healthier. D.The appearance of PLUs helped solve this problem. E.Besides, it shows where the fruit or vegetable comes from. F.The future of fruit and vegetable stickers is still uncertain. G.You can use the PLU search app to know what a particular one means. 17.答案：F 解析：下文“The produce industry has been trying to develop biodegradable PLU stickers, but it’s difficult to do that. Eventually, PLU stickers may be replaced altogether by lasers that mark the codes on fruits and vegetables.”说明PLU标签在未来可能会被标记水果和蔬菜代码的激光完全取代。F项“水果和蔬菜标签的未来仍不确定”适合作为本段的主旨句，统领本段。故选F。 $