选修1 课时作业21-【优化探究】2027年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦阅读理解（含细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、语境猜词）和阅读七选五核心题型，依据高考评价体系梳理考查维度，通过真题分析明确细节理解占比40%、推理判断占35%的高频考点分布，构建完整答题思路。 课件亮点在于“真题演练+技巧拆解+素养融合”策略，如A篇推理判断题用“原文定位-逻辑分析-选项比对”三步法培养思维品质，语境猜词通过构词法（如embodiment=embody+-ment）提升语言能力，B篇工匠精神案例渗透文化意识。特设“易错陷阱警示”，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准复习，高效备考。

课时作业21 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共30分) A 　　It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes. The trip seemed simple enough.10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip. If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we ①pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more about less. Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking. I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow. The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with ②slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to ride. Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been ③unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过葡萄牙的冲浪之旅，感悟到了突破极限和尝试新事物的价值。 1.What inspired the author to join the surf trip? A.Her love for seashore surfing. B.Her desire to make new friends. C.Her need to take a break from work. D.Her passion for exploring something new. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 8 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.”和文章最后一段中的“Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new”可知，对探索新事物的热情激发了作者加入冲浪之旅。 1 2 3 4 2.What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field? A.It hurts one’s pride. B.It narrows one’s potential. C.It promotes one’s career success. D.It broadens one’s view of the world. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 10 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.”可推知，作者认为，成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜力。 1 2 3 4 3.Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience? A.Relaxing but dangerous. B.Tough and uninteresting. C.Challenging but rewarding. D.Surprising and unforgettable. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 12 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段的内容和文章最后一段中的“Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.”可知，作者的冲浪之旅是充满挑战的，但也是值得的。 1 2 3 4 4.What can be inferred about the author? A.She used to lack confidence in herself. B.She determined to become an expert surfer. C.She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip. D.She was more willing to try new experiences in life. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 14 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.”可推知，作者变得更愿意尝试新事物了。 1 2 3 4 15 [语境猜词] ①pride oneself on _______________ ②slippery=slip v.+-pery→_________________________ ③unlock=un-+lock v.→________________ 以……自豪 adj.光滑的，湿滑的 v.解锁，开启 16 B 　　The “Chinese Dream·Craftsman of Great Powers” campaign has been shining a light on the extraordinary skills and unwavering dedication of China’s master craftsmen. Among them, Pan Qihui, a master of traditional Chinese engraving, stands out as a true ①embodiment of the craftsman spirit. 17 Born in a small town in Guangdong Province, Pan showed a keen interest in engraving at a very young age. At 16, he was apprenticed to a local engraving master, and he spent hours every day practicing the basic skills. Unlike many young people who seek quick success, Pan believed that only through years of persistent practice could one master the delicate art of engraving. He would often say, “Engraving is not just about cutting lines on wood or stone; it’s about putting your heart and soul into every stroke.” Over the past four decades, Pan has created countless excellent works. One of his most famous pieces is a ②miniature engraving of a classical Chinese poem on a grain of rice. The poem has more than 20 characters, and each character is so tiny that it can only be seen clearly with a magnifying glass. To create such a masterpiece, Pan had to hold his breath for long periods and control his hands with extreme precision, as even the slightest tremor would ruin the entire work. Pan is also committed to passing on his skills to the younger generation. He has taught more than 200 apprentices, and he always tells them that the craftsman spirit is not just about technical proficiency, but also about respect for tradition and a commitment to excellence. “I hope that young people will learn to be patient and dedicated,” he said. “Only in this way can the traditional Chinese engraving art be preserved and developed.” Pan Qihui’s story is just one of many inspiring tales from the “Chinese Dream·Craftsman of Great Powers” campaign. These craftsmen remind us that true success comes from hard work, perseverance, and a passion for one’s craft. They are the unsung heroes who keep China’s traditional culture and craftsmanship alive. 　　[语篇解读]　文章借“中国梦·大国工匠”活动，讲述传统雕刻大师潘启慧学习雕刻技艺，创米粒雕刻等佳作，并授艺200余人的经历，展现其工匠精神，也点明工匠以努力与热爱传承文化的意义。 5.What can we learn about Pan Qihui from the text? A.He started learning engraving when he was 20. B.He thinks engraving is only about cutting lines on materials. C.He has created a miniature engraving on a grain of rice. D.He has taught over 300 apprentices. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 23 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At 16, he was apprenticed to a local engraving master”可排除 A;根据第二段中的 “Engraving is not just about cutting lines...it’s about putting your heart and soul into every stroke.”可排除 B;根据第四段中的“He has taught more than 200 apprentices”可排除 D;第三段中明确提到 “One of his most famous pieces is a miniature engraving of a classical Chinese poem on a grain of rice.”,故选C。 6 7 8 5 6.Why is creating a miniature engraving on a grain of rice extremely difficult? A.Because the rice is too small to hold. B.Because one needs to control hands precisely and hold breath for long. C.Because there are too many characters to engrave. D.Because it takes a long time to prepare the tools. 答案：B 6 7 8 5 25 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “To create such a masterpiece, Pan had to hold his breath for long periods and control his hands with extreme precision”可知,B项正确。A(米粒难拿)、C(字符多)、D(工具准备久)均未在文中提及，故选B。 6 7 8 5 7.What does Pan Qihui hope the younger generation can learn? A.To seek quick success in their work. B.To be patient and dedicated to their craft. C.To focus only on technical proficiency. D.To create more modern works instead of traditional ones. 答案：B 6 7 8 5 27 解析：细节理解题。第四段中Pan明确表示“I hope that young people will learn to be patient and dedicated”。A(追求快速成功)与原文“Unlike many young people who seek quick success”相悖;C(只关注技术)与“not just about technical proficiency”不符;D(多做现代作品)与“preserved and developed(传承传统)”不符，故选B。 6 7 8 5 8.What is the main idea of the text? A.The history of traditional Chinese engraving. B.The “Chinese Dream·Craftsman of Great Powers” campaign. C.Pan Qihui’s life and his embodiment of the craftsman spirit. D.The importance of passing on traditional crafts. 答案：C 6 7 8 5 29 解析：主旨大意题。文章围绕潘启慧的生平(学雕刻、创作作品、收徒)展开，突出他对“工匠精神”的体现。A(中国传统雕刻史)、B(“中国梦·大国工匠”活动)、D(传承传统工艺的重要性)均概念外延，范围太大，而非主旨，故选C。 6 7 8 5 30 [语境猜词] ①embodiment=embody v.+-ment→______________ ②miniature=mini adj.+-ature(表示状态)→_____________________ ______________ n.典型代表 adj.很小的；小型的； 微型的 31 C 　　(2025·安徽合肥第一次教学质检)It might surprise you to learn that dogs are playing an increasingly important role as conservationists. For centuries, they have been known as man’s best friends. Now, their unique abilities are being made use of to help protect some of the world’s most threatened species. 32 Quick and loyal, dogs possess many qualities that make them ideal for fieldwork, but it’s their extraordinary sense of smell that makes them ①invaluable for conservation work. With around 220 million olfactory receptors (嗅觉受体) compared to just 5 million in humans, dogs can detect scents (气味) and analyze them with astonishing accuracy, devoting 40 times more of their brain to scent analysis than we do. Thanks to this ②incredible ability, some dogs are now being trained to save at-risk animals by sniffing (嗅) out their droppings. At the University of Washington’s Conservation Canines facility, 20 specially trained dogs have successfully tracked killer whale droppings, which only float briefly on the ocean’s surface. Analyzing these samples enables scientists to ③monitor the health of killer whale populations, which are under significant stress from food shortages, pollution, and boat traffic. Beyond tracking animal droppings, conservation dogs are also trained for live animal detection, further showcasing their abilities. They can locate rare species in their natural habitats. Additionally, they are now used to tackle the non-native species that threaten the survival of the local wildlife. Dogs also ④take on other important roles. For example, at Kenya’s Mombasa Port, dogs sniff out illegal wildlife products such as rhino horns and ivory. Across Africa, they work on the frontlines against illegal hunting, serving as a powerful security force enhancer. While dogs may not be the ultimate solution to every conservation challenge, their incomparable abilities make them invaluable companions in the fight to protect our planet’s biodiversity. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。狗在物种保护中的作用重大。狗有2.2亿个嗅觉受体，嗅觉灵敏。经过训练，狗能通过嗅濒危动物的粪便来拯救它们，还能探测活体动物、定位稀有物种、对付入侵物种、打击野生动物制品交易与非法捕猎，是生物多样性保护的得力助手。 9.Why are the figures mentioned in the second paragraph? A.To highlight the superiority of dogs’ sense of smell. B.To suggest the amazing accuracy of dogs’ analysis. C.To recognize the importance of conservation work. D.To show dogs’ impressive achievements in fieldwork. 答案：A 9 10 11 12 38 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“With around 220 million olfactory receptors compared...to scent analysis than we do.”可知，文中将狗的2.2亿个嗅觉受体与人类仅500万个嗅觉受体进行对比，还指出狗用于气味分析的嗅觉方面相较于人类的优势。故选A。 9 10 11 12 39 10.How do dogs help protect killer whales? A.By tracking their movements. B.By detecting their droppings. C.By monitoring their populations. D.By analyzing the collected samples. 答案：B 9 10 11 12 40 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thanks to this incredible ability...which only float briefly on the ocean’s surface.”可知，由于狗具有非凡的嗅觉能力，一些狗现在被训练通过嗅濒危动物的粪便来拯救它们，在华盛顿大学的保护犬机构中,20只经过专门训练的狗成功追踪到了虎鲸的粪便。B项中的“detecting their droppings”与文中的“tracked killer whale droppings”意思相符。故选B。 9 10 11 12 41 11.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 4? A.Wildlife products are popular in African countries. B.Non-native species affect the survival of local wildlife. C.Dogs are used to detect and prevent illegal wildlife trade. D.Dogs can accurately locate the natural habitats of rare species. 答案：C 9 10 11 12 42 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“at Kenya’s Mombasa Port, dogs...they work on the frontlines against illegal hunting, serving as a powerful security force enhancer.”可知，以肯尼亚蒙巴萨港为例，狗嗅出犀牛角和象牙等非法野生动物制品，并且在整个非洲，它们奋战在打击非法捕猎的一线，充当强大的安保力量补充。这表明狗在实际工作中被用于检测和阻止非法野生动物贸易。故选C。 9 10 11 12 43 12.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To appeal to people to protect biodiversity. B.To report various environmental challenges. C.To introduce dogs’ roles in conservation efforts. D.To prove the conventional claim of dogs’ qualities. 答案：C 9 10 11 12 44 解析：写作意图题。 文章开篇就点明狗在自然环境保护工作中扮演着越来越重要的角色，接着详细阐述了狗的嗅觉优势，以及它们在拯救濒危动物、探测活体动物、打击非法野生动物贸易等工作中的具体作用，最后强调狗在保护地球生物多样性斗争中的重要性。整体内容围绕狗在保护工作中的作用展开,C项“To introduce dogs’ roles in conservation efforts.”准确概括了作者的写作目的。故选C。 9 10 11 12 45 [语境猜词] ①invaluable=in-+valuable adj.→_________________________ ②incredible=in-(不，无) +credible adj.→______________________ ___________ ③monitor n.班长 →________________ ④take on____________ adj.极有用的；极宝贵的 adj.不能相信的，难以 置信的 v.监视，检查 承担 46 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了情商也是成功的重要因素之一。 47 　　Traditional measures of success often prioritize academic achievements and job-specific knowledge, but recent research has shown that emotional quotient (EQ) may be a better predictor of success and well-being than intelligence quotient (IQ) alone. 　13　. 48 A.Emotional quotient helps cope with stress. B.Social awareness is another crucial aspect of EQ. C.Emotional quotient goes beyond the office walls. D.This helps you adapt to changing work environments. E.It is now recognized as a vital factor in personal and professional growth. F.You create a positive work environment where ideas flow freely if changes take place. G.By recognizing its importance, we can make wiser decisions and lead more satisfying lives. 49 13.答案：E 解析：设空处位于段尾，应承接上文，引出下文；根据设空处前的“but recent research has shown that emotional quotient (EQ) may be a better predictor of success and well-being than intelligence quotient (IQ) alone”可知，最近的研究表明也许情商能比智商更好地预测成功和幸福。故E项(现在它被认为是个人和职业成长的重要因素)符合语境。故选E项。 50 Picture this:You’re a leader with high EQ. Your team looks up to you because you inspire them, drive productivity and make decisions that take everyone’s emotions into account. You find win-win solutions that keep the team united if conflicts arise. 　14　 In a world that values cooperation and innovation, emotional intelligence is a must-have skill.  51 A.Emotional quotient helps cope with stress. B.Social awareness is another crucial aspect of EQ. C.Emotional quotient goes beyond the office walls. D.This helps you adapt to changing work environments. E.It is now recognized as a vital factor in personal and professional growth. F.You create a positive work environment where ideas flow freely if changes take place. G.By recognizing its importance, we can make wiser decisions and lead more satisfying lives. 52 14.答案：F 解析：根据上文“Your team looks up to you because you inspire them, drive productivity and make decisions that take everyone’s emotions into account. You find win-win solutions that keep the team united if conflicts arise.”可知，此处说明在工作中，作为一个高情商的领导者，你能带来的各种优势与好处。故F项(你创造了一个积极的工作环境，在该环境中当变化发生时，想法可以自由流动)呼应上文，符合语境。故选F项。 53 Consider how EQ can supercharge your career. First up: self-awareness. It’s like having a spotlight on your emotions, strengths, and weaknesses. When you truly understand yourself, you can make better decisions and set meaningful goals. 　15　 It’s like having an empathy radar (共情雷达). When you’re aware of others’ emotions and perspectives, you can build better relationships, collaborate effectively, and be a better team player.  54 A.Emotional quotient helps cope with stress. B.Social awareness is another crucial aspect of EQ. C.Emotional quotient goes beyond the office walls. D.This helps you adapt to changing work environments. E.It is now recognized as a vital factor in personal and professional growth. F.You create a positive work environment where ideas flow freely if changes take place. G.By recognizing its importance, we can make wiser decisions and lead more satisfying lives. 55 15.答案：B 解析：根据下文“It’s like having an empathy radar.”可知,it指代设空处内容，下文是说要和别人共情，站在别人的角度思考。故B项(社交意识是情商的另一个关键方面)符合语境，与上文“First up: self-awareness.”相呼应。故选B项。 56 　16　 EQ can have a huge impact on our personal lives as well. In personal relationships, it’s a key to deeper connections. By understanding others’ emotions, you build strong bonds and communicate effectively. With EQ, you engage in more self-reflection, continuous learning, and the adaptability to grow as an individual.  A.Emotional quotient helps cope with stress. B.Social awareness is another crucial aspect of EQ. C.Emotional quotient goes beyond the office walls. D.This helps you adapt to changing work environments. E.It is now recognized as a vital factor in personal and professional growth. F.You create a positive work environment where ideas flow freely if changes take place. G.By recognizing its importance, we can make wiser decisions and lead more satisfying lives. 58 16.答案：C 解析：根据下文“EQ can have a huge impact on our personal lives as well.”可知，本段在讲情商的另一个作用——对个人生活的巨大影响。故C项(情商不仅仅局限于办公室)承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选C项。 It’s time to shift our perspective and embrace emotional quotient as a critical component of success.　17　 Go ahead and release our full potential.  A.Emotional quotient helps cope with stress. B.Social awareness is another crucial aspect of EQ. C.Emotional quotient goes beyond the office walls. D.This helps you adapt to changing work environments. E.It is now recognized as a vital factor in personal and professional growth. F.You create a positive work environment where ideas flow freely if changes take place. G.By recognizing its importance, we can make wiser decisions and lead more satisfying lives. 61 17.答案：G 解析：根据上文“It’s time to shift our perspective and embrace emotional quotient as a critical component of success.”可知，现在是时候转变我们的观点，将情商视为成功的关键组成部分，因此设空处应说明情商的好处。故G项(通过认识到它的重要性，我们可以作出更明智的决定，过上更令人满意的生活)符合语境。故选G项。 $