必修2 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE-【优化探究】2027年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦必修第二册“自然与环境”主题，覆盖词汇（核心词、熟词生义）、句式（经典结构、特殊句型）、写作（应用文、读后续写）等高考核心考点。依据高考评价体系，通过近五年真题分析明确“词汇辨析”“语法填空”“主题写作”高频考点分布，构建“基础夯实-考点突破-能力培优”的系统复习框架。 课件亮点在于“真题融入+技巧建模+素养提升”，如以2025全国卷“shock”派生词辨析为例，通过“语境填空+微写作”训练语言能力，结合“the+比较级...the+比较级...”句式建模培养思维品质。特设“易错点警示”和“写作语料库”，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此实施精准复习，高效提升备考质量。

教材复习 必修第二册 UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 主题语境　自然与环境 1 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　基础知识夯实 Part 2　核心考点突破 Part 3　基础知识达标 Part 4　写作能力培优 英语词句默写本(一) 英语词句默写本(二) 2 Part 1　基础知识夯实 注：下面单词词义中的铺灰部分表示该词的生义。 Ⅰ.核心单词 1.disaster　　　 n.灾难；灾祸 2.flood n.洪水，水灾 v.涌入 3.wildlife n.野生动植物，野生生物 4.comment n.评论；意见 v.表达意见 ★提示：速记后再做《英语词句默写本》及时巩固 5.crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 6.living adj.活的，活着的 7.soil n.土壤 8.climate n.气候 9.lecture n.讲座，讲课；演讲；训斥 vi.开讲座，讲课 vt.训斥 10.overuse vt.过度使用；滥用 11.million n.百万 12.greenhouse n.温室，暖房 13.title n.题目，标题；冠军；称号 vt.加标题于 14.wave n.海浪；波涛;(活动或感情的)风潮,浪潮 v.挥手，招手 15.escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避，摆脱；被遗忘; (气体、液体等)泄漏 n.逃脱；逃避；漏出 16.float vi.浮；漂 vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划) 17.soul n.灵魂 18.edge n.边缘 19.rescue n.& vt.营救；救援 20.vehicle n.交通工具，车辆 21.trap vt.困住；使陷于危险中 n.陷阱；困境 22.damage n.& vt.伤害，损伤，损害 23.measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 linking v.(尺寸、数量等)量度为 n.措施，办法；尺度 24.overseas adv.在海外，在外国 25.site n.场所，地点 26.process n.过程，进程 vt.加工；处理 27.battle n.较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 28.duty n.职责，义务；责任 29.nearby adv.附近 30.dust n.灰尘；尘埃 31.captain n.上校；队长；组长 32.base n.基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地 33.distant adj.久远的；遥远的；疏远的，冷淡的;远亲的 34.shelter n.避难所；庇护，遮蔽 v.掩蔽，保护；躲避 35.varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的 36.scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的 Ⅱ.拓展单词 1.shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n.震惊；惊愕；猛击；休克；冲击→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 2.poetry n.诗歌；作诗的艺术→poem n.诗；诗歌→poet n.诗人 3.frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten v.使受惊；使惊恐→fright n.惊吓，害怕 4.attempt n.& vt.努力，尝试，企图→attempted adj.未遂的 5.death n.死，死亡→die v.死亡→dying adj.垂死的→dead adj.失去生命的；不能再用的 6.loss n.丧失；灭亡；死亡→lose vt.失去；丢失；错过(机会)→lost adj.丢失的；迷路的 7.suffering n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨；苦难→suffer vi.& vt.遭受(痛苦)→sufferer n.受难者；患者 8.conduct vt.实施；进行；执行；传导vi.& vt.指挥→conductor n.导体；指挥；售票员 9.cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer v.喝彩；欢呼 n.欢呼声 10.prove vt.证明；证实 linking v.证明是，被发现是→proof n.证据 11.disappearance n.消失；消亡→disappear vi.消失；消亡；灭绝→appear vi.出现 linking v.看来；似乎 12.eruption n.爆发→erupt v.爆发；喷出 13.observation n.观察；观察结果→observe v.观察；注意；庆祝，过(节日、生日等);遵守；说话，评论→observer n.观察者，目击者；评论员 14.interrupt vi.& vt.打断讲话→interruption n.打断，打扰；中断时间 15.operation n.行动，活动；手术；操作→operate v.(使)运行,(使)运转；操作，使用；起作用，奏效；动手术；经营，管理→operator n.接线员；操作者 16.protection n.保护；防护→protect v.保护；防护→protective adj.保护的；防护的 17.explorer n.探险者；勘察者→explore v.探险；探索；探究；勘探→exploration n.探险；探索；探究；勘探 18.preparation n.预备，准备→prepare v.准备；预备 19.ecology n.生态；生态学→ecological adj.生态学的；生态的→ecologist n.生态学家 20.survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长；生存，存活；保存下来→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者 21.tidal adj.潮汐的，潮水的→tide n.潮汐，潮水 22.horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horror n.恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→horribly adv.可怕地；极其地→horrify vt.恐吓，使恐惧 23.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲 24.equal adj.相等的；相同的；能胜任的 n.同等的人; 相等物 linking v.与……相等，等于 vt.比得上→equality n.平等；相等→equally adv.相等地；平等地 25.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.(令人)气喘吁吁的;(令人)屏息的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地 26.honesty n.坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj.诚实的→dishonest adj.不诚实的→honestly adv.诚实地 27.sincerity n.真诚，真挚，诚实→sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.诚挚地 28.bravery n.勇气；勇敢的行为→brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地 29.anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地；担忧地→anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的；渴望的→anxiety n.忧虑，焦虑；渴望 30.mystery n.神秘事物，难以理解的事物→mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的 31.ambition n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的 ▶构词法日积月累 1.后缀-ly (1)后缀-ly常常放在形容词后面构成副词，表示“从……角度，以……方式”。形容词变副词的口诀: ①形容词变副词有规律，后缀-ly加上去;②e结尾，要注意，前为元，要去e;③要是结尾le,前为元，也去e,前为辅,e变y;④y结尾不读[aI],先要把y变成i;⑤ic结尾加-ally,public要除开。如basic→basically, equal→equally, gentle→gently, happy→happily, true→truly, whole→wholly。 (2)后缀-ly也可用于构成形容词，意为“具有……性质或特点”。如cowardly, friendly, elderly。 2.形容词后缀-ous/-ate/-ant表示“有……特点的，与……有关的，有……性质的”。如ambition→ambitious, consider→considerate, danger→dangerous, fame→famous, passion →passionate, please→pleasant。 Ⅲ.短语词块 1.turn his back on me他对我置之不理 2.in the direction of the nearest mall 朝着最近的购物中心的方向 3.on the edge of extinction濒临灭绝 4.at great speed高速地 5.be/become curious about its origins对它的起源感到好奇 6.in the end最后 7.pick up (开车)接人；拿起；捡起；营救，搭救 8.breathe in吸气 9.run out用完；耗尽 10.on the way to...在去往……的路上 11.have difficulty with social interactions在社交互动方面有困难 12.break down(机器)停止运转，出故障；使分解;(谈判)失败;(身体)垮掉；消除，破坏(某种感情或态度) 21 Ⅳ.悟经典句式 1.It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.(It takes/took sb. some time to do...) 不到一天的时间，我的头发就由黑变白了。 2.I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(as if 引导方式状语从句) 我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。 3.The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...(the+比较级...,the+比较级...) 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 4.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. (“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构) 他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在滑雪板上。 5.But what if I’m trapped?(What if...?) 但是如果我被困住了怎么办? 23 6.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(全部倒装) 接着极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。 7.The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.[have difficulty (in) doing...] 下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。 24 主 题 词 汇 Natural disasters or natural phenomena 自然灾害或自然现象 earthquake n.地震　mudflow n.泥石流　landslide n.滑坡；塌方　flood n.洪水，水灾　tsunami n.海啸　drought n.旱灾，干旱　hurricane n.飓风　typhoon n.台风　tornado n.龙卷风　the ice storm冰暴　the volcano eruption火山爆发　global warming全球变暖　water/light/noise/soil pollution水/光/噪声/土壤污染 25 主 题 词 汇 Causes or consequences 起因或后果 the destruction of jungles对丛林的破坏　overuse water过度用水　harmful chemicals有害的化学物质　millions of homeless people数百万无家可归的人　endangered species濒危物种　greenhouse effect温室效应　cause death and other loss and damage造成死亡和其他损失和损害　wildlife extinction野生动植物灭绝　under threat受到威胁　upset the natural balance破坏了自然平衡　extreme weather conditions极端天气状况 主 题 词 汇 Prevention and self-protection 防范与自我保护 prevent vt.防止，阻止　protect vt.& vi.保护　encourage vt.鼓励　in advance/ahead of time提前　take measures to do...采取措施做……　take action采取行动　live in harmony with...与……和谐相处　pay more attention to更加注意　raise/heighten people’s awareness of...加强/提高人们对……的意识 主 题 词 汇 Adventure and rescue 探险及救援 exploration n.探险；探索　struggle vi.挣扎　survive v.幸存　put up a tent near a lake在湖边搭起一顶帐篷　attempt to rescue the vehicle trapped in the ruins试图营救被困在废墟中的车辆　a very challenging process一个非常具有挑战性的过程　travel to a distant village去一个遥远的村庄旅行　a strong shelter nearby附近一个坚固的避难所　in a scary situation在可怕的情况下　a rescue team救援队　be short of缺少 主 题 佳 句 1.My elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoe-storm!” The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. 我哥哥把嘴凑到我耳边，大喊:“莫斯科风暴!”我一听到这个词，就非常害怕。 2.As long as we never lose hope, everything will return to normal after the disasters. 只要我们从不失去希望，灾难过后一切都会恢复正常。 主 题 佳 句 3.Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we live in harmony with nature and save ourselves. 只有通过改变我们对待环境的方式，我们才能与自然和谐相处，拯救我们自己。 英语词句默写本(一) Ⅰ.回忆单词汉语意思，在不认识的词汇前面做出标记 □drought　□hurricane　□landslide　□volcanic　□landscape　□weed　□deer □insect　□whale　□dolphin　□shark　□kangaroo　□eagle　□fox　□jungle　□whirlpool　□file　□descent　□barrel　□extent　□tube　□lamp　□sledge　□ski　□polar　□continent　□tent　□brochure　□aftershock　□metal　□skiing　□originality Ⅱ.重点单词 1. ____________ n.灾难；灾祸 2. ____________ n.洪水，水灾v.涌入 3. ____________ n.野生动植物，野生生物 4. ____________ n.评论；意见v.表达意见 5. ____________ adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 6. ____________ adj.活的，活着的 7. ____________ n.土壤 disaster flood wildlife comment crowded living soil 8. ____________ n.气候 9. ____________ n.讲座，讲课；演讲；训斥vi.开讲座，讲课 vt.训斥 10. ____________ vt.过度使用；滥用 11. ____________ n.百万 12. ____________ n.温室，暖房 13. ____________ vi.& vt.逃离；逃避，摆脱；被遗忘;(气体、液体等)泄漏n.逃脱；逃避；漏出 climate lecture overuse million greenhouse escape 14. ____________ vi.浮；漂vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划) 15. ____________ n.灵魂 16. ____________ n.边缘 17. ____________ n.& vt.营救；救援 18. ____________ n.交通工具，车辆 19. ____________ vt.困住；使陷于危险中n.陷阱；困境 20. ____________ n.题目，标题；冠军；称号vt.加标题于 float soul edge rescue vehicle trap title Ⅲ.拓展单词 1. ____________ n.诗歌；作诗的艺术→____________ n.诗；诗歌→____________ n.诗人 2. ____________ n.丧失；死亡→____________ vt.失去；丢失；错过(机会)→____________ adj.丢失的；迷路的 3. ____________ vt.实施；进行；执行；传导vi.& vt.指挥→____________ n.导体；指挥；售票员 4. ____________ adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→____________ v.使高兴；欢呼 n.欢呼声 poetry poem poet loss lose lost conduct conductor cheerful cheer 5. ____________ vt.证明；证实linking v.证明是，被发现是 →____________ n.证据 6. ____________ n.行动，活动；手术；操作→____________ v.(使)运行,(使)运转；操作，使用；起作用，奏效；动手术；经营，管理→____________ n.接线员；操作者 prove proof operation operate operator Ⅳ.构词法——后缀-ly及形容词后缀-ous/-ate/-ant 1.写出加黑词的词性和词义 ①(2025·全国一卷)Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter.____________ ②The storm hit with deadly speed, the first wave crashing over the deck before anyone could shout a warning.____________ ③Her deadly wisdom in the debate left opponents scrambling for words—quick, sharp, and full of charm that won over even the toughest judges._______________________ adj.友好的 adj.致命的 adj.极度的，十足的 2.(2025·全国二卷)The River Severn has a ____________ (significance) turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. 3.Let me give you some ____________ (father) advice and I hope you can achieve your ambition. 4.(2025·全国一卷)Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were ____________ (complete) redesigned around the needs of the motor car. significant fatherly completely 5.These new crops must also be more ____________ (resist) to drought, heat and pests. 6.(2025·全国一卷)This eye-catching column, I’m firmly convinced, won’t fail to grant the whole class a ____________ (harmony) atmosphere. 7.After circling the crowded parking lot twice and growing increasingly anxious about missing the start of the concert, we were ____________ (fortune) to find a small but perfectly sized parking spot just a few steps from the main entrance. resistant harmonious fortunate Ⅴ.核心短语 1. _______________________ 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管  2. ___________________ 朝……方向  3. ______________ 在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)  4. ______________ 高速地  5. _______________________ 对……感到好奇  turn one’s back (on sb./sth.) in the direction of on the edge of at great speed be/become curious about Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.The volcano ____________ on Wednesday and a huge cloud of gas and dust from the ____________ covered the whole sky, which obviously alarmed all the citizens. (erupt) 2.He was ____________ at the ____________ news, for I could see his ____________ look on his face. (shock) 3.Many animals have indeed ____________ in the past decades, but it ____________ that people don’t care about the ____________ of these species. (appear) erupted eruption shocked shocking shocked disappeared appears disappearance 4.As an animal ____________ after many years of ____________, he has ____________ that lions have their unique way to communicate. (observe) 5.The old man went through a lot of ____________ in the old days. What’s worse, he ____________ from a heart attack when he was in his eighties. (suffer) 6.We must ___________ wildlife from extinction—their ___________ needs collective effort. ____________ measures, like setting up reserves, matter. (protect) observer observation observed sufferings suffered protect protection Protective 7.We were having a meeting when a man ____________ it and it was beyond argument that everyone was annoyed at the sudden ____________. (interrupt) 8.The ____________ captain looked at his ____________ soldiers and said, “When we ____________ for the people, which is heavier than Mount Tai, it is a worthy ____________.”(die) 9.The ____________ scene ____________ my son and I hugged my ____________ boy tightly, comforting him. (frighten) 10.The ____________ boy looked at the box ____________ and then he opened it out of ____________. (curious) interrupted interruption dying dead die death frightening frightened frightened curious curiously curiosity Ⅱ.微写作——应用文(根据提示及语境补全语篇) 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 1.我们邀请史密斯教授的原因是他是一位英国环境专家(The reason why...is/was that...) Dear fellow students, 　　We are greatly honored to have Professor Smith here for the special lecture ①____________ (title)“Living in Harmony with Nature”. Now let’s give a warm welcome to Professor Smith. 　　1._________________________________________ __________________________________ who has been engaged in environmental research for more than 30 years. titled The reason why we invite Professor Smith is that he is a British environmental expert 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 2.然后是第三个方面(全部倒装) 3.你在理解教授所讲内容时遇到困难[have difficulty (in) doing...] Today’s lecture will focus on three aspects. The first two are the development and change of man and nature and the destruction of nature by human activities. 2.___________ __________________—the strategies of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. If 3._____________ ______________________________________________, you can turn ②____________ the professor after the speech. 　　Now let’s welcome Professor Smith and here comes our eco-friendly journey. Then comes the third aspect you have difficulty (in) understanding what the professor says to 英语词句默写本(二) Ⅰ.重点单词 1. ____________ n.& vt.伤害，损伤，损害 2. ____________ vt.估量，衡量；测量linking v.(尺寸、数量等)量度为n.措施，办法；尺度 3. ____________ adv.在海外，在外国 4. ____________ n.场所，地点 5. ____________ n.过程，进程vt.加工；处理 6. ____________ n.较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 damage measure overseas site process battle 7. ____________ n.职责，义务；责任 8. ____________ adj.久远的；遥远的；疏远的，冷淡的；远亲的 9. ____________ adv.附近 10. ____________ n.灰尘；尘埃 11. ____________ n.上校；队长；组长 12. ____________ n.庇护，掩蔽；避难所v.掩蔽，保护；躲避 13. ____________ adj.各种各样的，形形色色的 14. ____________ adj.可怕的，恐怖的 15. ____________ adj.无害的  duty distant nearby dust captain shelter varied scary harmless Ⅱ.拓展单词 1. ____________ n.生态；生态学→____________ adj.生态学的；生态的→____________ n.生态学家 2. ____________ adj.潮汐的，潮水的→____________ n.潮汐，潮水 3. ____________ adj.好奇的→____________ adv.好奇地 →____________ n.好奇心；求知欲 ecology ecological ecologist tidal tide curious curiously curiosity 4. ____________ adj.相等的；相同的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物linking v.与……相等，等于 vt.比得上→____________ n.平等； 相等→____________ adv.相等地；平等地 5. ____________ n.神秘事物，难以理解的事物→____________ adj.神秘的；不可思议的 equal equality equally mystery mysterious Ⅲ.核心短语 1. ____________ 去接(某人);拿起；捡起；营救，搭救  2. ____________ 吸气  3. ____________ 用完；耗尽  4. ________________ 在去往……的路上  5. ______________ 停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉；消除，破坏  pick up breathe in run out on the way to... break down Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.These ____________ were busy ____________ the distant region and their ______________ would have a great impact. (explore) 2.In my opinion, if you interact with others ____________, they will be struck by your ____________ sooner or later. (sincere) 3.Our team members have made full ____________ for the experiment and at present everything is well ____________. (prepare) explorers exploring exploration(s) sincerely sincerity preparations prepared 4.He was an ____________ boy and his ____________ was to become a film star. (ambitious) 5.My father tells me to be an ____________ person and as far as he is concerned, ____________ is the best policy. (honest) 6.The ____________ man jumped into the river ____________ to save the drowning girl, and we all praised him for his ____________. (brave) ambitious ambition honest honesty brave bravely bravery 7.Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to ____________ the fresh air. Although I became ____________ when I was on the top, the ____________ of fresh air was worth it. (breath) 8.Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of ____________. Last week, thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friends succeeded in ____________ the terrible flood and they were the only two ____________. (survive) breathe breathless breath survival surviving survivors Ⅱ.微写作——读后续写(根据提示及语境补全语篇) 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 1.感觉他好像要死了(as if 引导状语从句) One day, when Bob risked ①____________(go) to the islands and got more fish, he met with a horrible storm. Unfortunately, he fell into the sea and was pushed in the direction of the whirlpool, 1._________________ ______________. going feeling as if he were going to die 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 2.越靠近旋涡的边缘，他就越平静(the+比较级...,the+比较级...) 3.他花了大约半个小时才到达一个安全的地方。(It takes/took sb. some time to do...) But unexpectedly, 2._______________________ __________________________________. After a while, he observed carefully and strived desperately to survive. ②___________ (base) on what he had observed, he tied himself to a barrel, which helped him to survive. 3._____________ ______________________________________ the closer he got to the edge of the whirlpool, the calmer he became Based It took him about half an hour to reach a safe place. Part 2　核心考点突破 1 shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信(surprise,amaze,astonish) n.震惊；休克；冲击→____________ adj.震惊的；震撼的→____________ adj.令人震惊的 (1)in shock震惊地；休克 be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 to one’s shock令某人震惊的是 (2)be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do...因做……而震惊 shocked shocking ①(外研必修三)A ____________ (shock)Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet. ②(2025·浙江1月卷)He asked Kevin to describe the man in detail and then revealed that the man was indeed his younger brother, who had come to retrieve a watch their father had left behind. Kevin’s eyes widened ____________ shock. shocked in 60 ③我震惊于我的搭档住院的消息。与此同时，我震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。(困境描写) I ___________________________ that my partner was admitted to hospital.  Meanwhile, I _______________________ I had no option but to finish our project on my own.  [名师指津]　表示“惊讶”的形容词还有:astonishing令人惊讶的, astonished 感到惊讶的, amazing 令人吃惊的, amazed 感到吃惊的, surprising令人惊讶的,surprised感到惊讶的。 was shocked by/at the news was shocked to find that 61 survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来 survive on靠……存活下来 A survive B by+时间　A比B活得长…… 2 survive vi. & vt.活下来；幸存；存活vt.比……活得久 →____________ n.幸存；残存物→____________ n.幸存者 survival survivor 62 ①The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that ___________ (survive) China’s long history.  ②All the ____________ (survive) have been rescued from the horrible landslide and sent to a nearby shelter.(新闻报道) ③After we survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right. →_________________________, we were confident that everything else would be all right.(分词短语作状语)  has survived survivors Having survived that night 63 (1)be frightened to do sth.不敢去做某事 be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事 (2)frighten sb.into doing sth.吓唬某人做某事 frighten sb.out of doing sth.使某人吓得不敢做某事 3 frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的(scared,alarmed)→____________ vt.使惊吓，使惊恐→____________ adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的；骇人的→____________ n.惊骇，恐怖，惊吓 frighten frightening fright 64 ①I’m more frightened ____________ the buffalo than any other creature in Africa. ②The wind howled through the broken window, carrying a ____________ (fright) creak that sounded like a hand dragging across the floor. ③(外研必修三)我吓得呆住了。 ________________________________(so...that...)  of frightening I was so frightened that I just froze. 65 (1)be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth.极想做某事 (2)out of curiosity出于好奇 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心 4 curious adj.好奇的→____________ adv.好奇地→____________ n.好奇心 curiously curiosity 66 ①(外研选必一)I don’t want to put you on the spot, but I’m really curious ____________ how you know Tim.  ②I was curious to know more about it, so I went to the library to consult books. →___________________________, I went to the library to consult books.(形容词短语作状语)  使你处于尴尬或难受的境地 about Curious to know more about it 67 ③(2023·浙江1月卷)我们很想了解周围的植物，因此，为了满足好奇心，我们好奇地探索了高中校园。 We _________________________________________ and as a result, _________________________, we explored the senior high campus ____________________.  were curious to learn about the plants around us to meet/satisfy our curiosity curiously/with curiosity (1)be equal to (doing) sth.等于/胜任(做)某事 equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过某人/物 (2)be without equal无与伦比 5 equal adj.相等的；相同的；能胜任的 n.同等的人；相等物linking v.等于 vt.等于；比得上→____________ adv.相等地；同样地 →____________ n.平等；相等 equally equality 69 ①The person I respect most is my head teacher who attaches great importance to honesty, sincerity, bravery and ____________, so he treats each of us students ____________.(equal) (人物描写) ②首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样吸引人的是，我的沟通技巧无与伦比。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(申请信) Firstly, nobody can _____________________. ________________ is that I am ______________ in communication skills. So I hold the firm belief that ____________________ as a volunteer for the fair.  [名师指津]　表示“胜任……”的其他表达还有:be up to, be qualified for。 equality equally equal me in oral English Equally attractive without equal I am equal to the job 70 (1)attempt to do sth.尝试/努力做某事 (2)make an attempt at (doing)/to do sth.尝试/努力做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth.试图做某事 6 attempt n.& vt.努力，尝试(try),企图→____________ adj.未遂的，企图的 attempted 71 ①(2024·全国甲卷)The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt ____________ (improve) the situation.  ②She was as proud as a peacock when she passed her driving test ____________ the first attempt.(情绪描写) ③我建议你进行健康饮食，并坚持有规律的锻炼来尝试减肥。(建议信) I suggest that you should go on a healthy diet and keep exercising regularly _____________________________.  to improve at in an attempt to lose weight 72 (1)measure...by...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in...用……来计算/衡量 (2)take measures (to do sth.)采取措施(做某事) make...to one’s measure按某人的尺寸定做…… 7 measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 n.措施(step);尺度，程度 →_______________ n.尺寸；测量 measurement 73 ①(北师大选必二)According to the scientific ____________ (measure) of time, I deduce the time is probably a quarter past three. ②In that distant continent, trees are extremely tall, some ___________ (measure) over 90 meters in height. ③It’s high time that we should take ____________ (measure) to prevent air from being polluted. →It’s high time that _________________________________________ _______________.(被动语态)  measurement measuring measures measures should be taken to prevent air from being polluted 74 (1)breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 (2)in one breath一口气；同时 hold one’s breath屏息；屏气 take/draw a deep breath深呼吸 out of breath喘不过气 8 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸，呼出→____________ n.呼吸；呼吸的空气→____________ adj.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的 breath breathless 75 ①About 2 hours later, we all reached the top of the hill.____________ ___________________________ (尽管上气不接下气), we were rewarded with the beautiful scenery. (活动介绍)  ②我深吸一口气，跳入水中，救了那个溺水的女孩。在进行急救后，我屏住呼吸，等待她恢复意识。看到她正常呼吸之后，我松了一口气。(动作描写) I _______________________, dived into the water and saved the drowning girl. After conducting first aid, I _______________, waiting for her to become conscious. After observing her ____________ normally, I _________________________.  Though (we were) out of breath/breathless took/drew a deep breath held my breath breathe breathed a sigh of relief 76 (1)be anxious about sth./for sb.为……担忧 be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)…… (2)with anxiety=anxiously焦急地 9 anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地(uneasily);担忧地→____________ adj.焦急的；忧虑的，担心的；渴望的→____________ n.忧虑，焦虑，担心；渴望 anxious anxiety 77 ①(2025·全国二卷)Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the ____________ (anxious). ②他焦虑地等待着结果，如坐针毡。(心理描写) ______________________________________________ as if he had been on pins and needles.  anxiety He was waiting for the results anxiously/with anxiety 78 ③大卫渴望参加越野赛。但是他害怕别人嘲笑他，他是如此不安，以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。 →David ______________________________________ the cross- country run. But he was scared of being laughed at by others. He was ______________________________ rolled down his cheeks.(be anxious to do;so...that...)  →David ___________________________________________ the cross-country run. But he was scared of being laughed at by others. _________________________________ rolled down his cheeks.(be anxious that...;倒装句)  was anxious to participate in/take part in so anxious that tears of anxiety was anxious that he could participate in/take part in So anxious was he that tears of anxiety 79 observe sb./sth. doing/do sth.看到某人/某物正在做/做了某事 observe sb./sth.done看到某人/物被…… 10 observe v.庆祝；观察；注意；遵守→____________ n.观察者；旁听者→____________ n.观察；评述，评论 observer observation 80 ①(译林必修三)We’ve made environmental policies for businesses ____________ (observe), like strict clean-up requirements.  ②The suspicious man was observed ____________ (enter) the bank by the police.  ③在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从地平线上升起。 →On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly _____________________ _____________ from the horizon.(宾语从句)  →On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly _____________________ from the horizon.(observe+宾语+doing)  [特别提醒]　observe sb.do sth.结构如果改成被动语态，应补上省略的to,即sb.be observed to do sth.。 to observe to enter observed that the sun was rising observed the sun rising 81 turn up 出现；到场；调高 turn out 结果是；证明是 turn down 关小，调低；拒绝 turn to 转向；求助于 turn in 上交；呈递 turn into转变成 11 turn one’s back (on sb./sth.)对……置之不理，对……撒手不管 82 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)The last one standing has just been turned ____________ a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves, and return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. ②Furthermore, when you meet with some puzzling questions, ___________________________ (要毫不犹豫地向我求助).  into don’t hesitate to turn to me 83 ③我永远不会忘记那个下雨的晚上，当我最需要他的帮助时，他对我撒手不管——我的车坏了，在空荡荡的高速公路上，电话信号消失了，他开车经过，看都没看我一眼。 I’ll never forget the way ________________________ that rainy evening when I needed his help the most—my car had broken down on the empty highway, phone signal gone, as he drove past without so much as a second glance.  he turned his back on me run out of用完；耗尽(主语为人) run across偶然遇见 run after追捕；跟踪；追求 run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for竞选；匆匆去取 12 run out用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态) 85 ①Learning that you are running ____________ the position of chairman of the Student Council, I am writing to inform you of some do’s and don’ts.(建议信) ②He spares no effort to run ____________ his dream, although he has a serious disease. for after 86 ③我的钱已经花完了，因此我买不起这本书。 →I ______________________ my money, so I can’t afford the book.  →My money ______________________________________, so I can’t afford the book.  [特别提醒]　表示“用完；耗尽”的其他表达还有:use up用完；耗尽(及物动词短语);give out用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)。 have run out of/used up has run out/has given out/has been used up break up 结束;(使)破碎;(使)散开 break in破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等) break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态) break away from脱离；挣脱 13 break down停止运转，出故障，损坏;(谈判、希望、计划等)失败；破裂;(化学)分解;(身体)垮掉；失控；消除 88 写出下列句中break down的含义 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached._________ ②If Tom carries on working like this, he will break down sooner or later. ______________ ③The truck my dad drove often broke down on the way, which made my dad in trouble. ____________ ④It will take plastics more than 100 years to break down in the air. ____________ ⑤If you want to break down the misunderstanding, you should apologise to her face to face.____________ 失败 (身体)垮掉 出故障 分解 消除 89 1 escape v.逃脱，逃跑；被忘记，被忽视;(气体、液体等)泄漏 ①The prisoner escaped through a narrow tunnel dug under the prison wall, leaving only a worn blanket behind. ______________ ②He was my father’s old friend, a tall man with a weathered face and a laugh that boomed like distant thunder—his name, frustratingly, escaped me for the moment, no matter how hard I strained to recall it. ____________ ③The old pipe is cracked slightly, and gas has been escaping slowly for hours. We must call a repairman immediately._____________________ 逃脱，逃跑 被忘记 (气体、液体等)泄漏 90 2 lecture v.斥责；开讲座 n.演讲；讲座，讲课；冗长的训斥，说教 ①(2025·全国二卷)Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates.____________ ②My dad gave me a long lecture about staying out too late last night, even though I’d called to say I’d be delayed._____________________ ③The teacher lectured the whole class for ten minutes after someone was caught cheating in the quiz. ____________ ④She lectures on modern poetry at university and is loved by her students for her lively style. ____________ n.讲座，讲课 n.冗长的训斥，说教 v.斥责 v.开讲座 91 3 conduct vt.引导；指挥；传导(热或电等能量);实施，执行；表现，举止n.行为，举止；实施 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.________________ ②The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. ___________________ ③The guide, a local with a voice as sweet as the birds flying in the sky, conducted us slowly around the ruins of the ancient city.___________ vt.实施，执行 vt.表现，举止 vt.引导 92 ④Most metals, from common ones like copper and aluminum to more specialized ones such as silver and gold, can conduct electricity with remarkable efficiency. _____________________________ ⑤Dennis has recently begun a successful career conducting opera, stepping onto the grand stage of the national theater.____________ ⑥Her calm conduct during the emergency helped everyone stay focused and safe. ____________________ vt.传导(热或电等能量) vt.指挥 n.行为，举止 93 4 observe v. 观察；庆祝；遵守；评论，说话 ①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe traditional customs. ____________ ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening...” ____________ ③He observed at the celebration dinner that the team’s success was due not just to skill, but to their strong teamwork. ______________ ④Can you say something about how the Chinese observe the Mid-Autumn Festival? ____________ 遵守 观察 评论，说话 庆祝 94 5 float vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)vi.漂，浮;(价格、利率等的)浮动n.彩车 ①“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,”says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”____________ ②A few fallen leaves floated on the surface of the lake, rippling slightly with the current. ____________ vt.提出 vi.漂，浮 95 ③The festival parade featured a huge float decorated with flowers and ribbons, carrying local musicians. ____________ ④In this market, exchange rates float daily based on global economic trends. _________________________________ n.彩车 vi.(价格、利率等的)浮动 96 请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思 6 The hard-working athlete won the Olympic title① in Paris and in her spare time, she often reads a book titled② Who’s Who in the World and watches a movie with the title③ of Forrest Gump. It is because of her great efforts that she is awarded the title④ of “Star Athlete of the Week”. ①____________　②_______________　③_______________　 ④____________ n.冠军 vt.加标题于 n.题目，标题 n.称号 97 7 I couldn’t exactly measure① how big the room was, so I measured② the room using my newly-bought tool and it turned out that the room measured③ ten meters across. Then I returned to the company, where my colleagues were talking about what measures④ should be taken to improve the image of the company. ①_______________　②____________　③_______________ ④_______________ vt.估量，衡量 vt.测量 linking v.量度为  n.措施，办法 98 8 My diligent cousin operated① a restaurant and he bought a new computer which was easy to operate②. His measures to promote his restaurant operated③ at once and many diners had meals every day. To make his restaurant operate④ smoothly, he worked day and night. Unluckily, he fell ill and had to be operated⑤ on. ①_______________　②_______________　③_______________　 ④_______________　⑤____________ vt.经营，管理 vt.操作，使用 vi.起作用，奏效 vi.运行，运转 vi.动手术 99 9 On my first run① abroad, I came across my favorite magazine, which ran② an article titled Benefits of Run③ Last Long. In the US, I ④ran for the chairman of a running⑤ club, which ran⑥ short of funds then. I took active measures to run⑦ the club and it has been running⑧ smoothly since then. ①____________　②____________　③____________　 ④____________　⑤____________　⑥____________　 ⑦____________　⑧____________ n. 旅程 vt.刊登 n.跑步 vi.参加竞选 n. 跑步 vi.变得 vt.管理 vi.运转 1 “have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 [教材原句]　He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. 他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在滑雪板上。 101 (1)句中的 had teams of dogs pulling 为“have +宾语+宾语补足语”结构。此处是现在分词作宾语补足语，意为“让/使……保持某种状态；让……一直做某事”。 (2)“have+宾语+宾语补足语”有三种结构: ①have sb.do...让某人做……(sb.与 do 之间是主谓关系) ②have sth.done...让某事被做……(sth.与 do 之间是动宾关系) ③ have sb./sth.doing...让……一直做某事 (sb./sth.与 do 之间是主谓关系) (3)won’t/can’t have sb./sth.doing...不能容忍/允许……做某事 102 ①Because we wanted to create a lively atmosphere, we had the band ____________ (play) different genres of music throughout the event. ②I have a lot of reading _______________ (complete) before the end of this term—dozens of academic papers on environmental science, three thick novels for the literature course, and a handful of historical essays that the professor insists are essential for our final exam.(状况描写)  playing to complete ③You should take the chance to deepen your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture. →You should take the chance to _______________________________ _______________________.(“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构)  have your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture deepened [教材原句]　The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell... 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 2 the+比较级...,the+比较级... 105 (1)“the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”意为“越……,就越……”。 (2)“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”,表示本身程度的变化。 (3)“the more...,the less...”意为“越……,越不……”。 106 ①The more careful you are, the ____________ (few) mistakes you will make. ②If you devote more time to practising your spoken English, it will become more fluent. →________________ you devote to practising your spoken English, _____________________________.(the more..., the more...)  fewer The more time the more fluent it will become 107 ③(外研必修一)我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大。 The more we know about this lovely creature, ____________________ ______________.  [特别提醒]　“the+比较级(...),the+比较级(...)”结构中，第一个“the+比较级”相当于表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，用一般现在时表示将来。 the greater the chance it will survive Part 3　基础知识达标 Ⅰ.语境填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1. __________ my shock, such an attack could happen in that country. 2.He once had ____________ narrow escape from the adventurous sport, so he doesn’t dare to try it now. 3.(2025·全国二卷)As I spoke, I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates, their eyes reflecting ____________ (curious) and respect. 4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)“____________ (ecology) design” is the name John gives to what he does. To 竟然 a curiosity Ecological 5.(2024·九省联考)Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of ____________ (survive) from attacks by predators. 6.According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually ____________ the edge of being fat. 7.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed ____________ (explore) of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. survival on exploration 8.In my opinion, the young man is equal ____________ the job on account of his creativity. 9.(2025·全国二卷)Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned ____________ excellent cuisine. 10.To my amazement, our first attempt ____________ (develop) new software was a great success.  to into to develop Ⅱ.完成句子 1.使他们如释重负的是，在父亲的指导下，他们成功地准备好了早饭。(细节描写) To their relief, with the guidance of their father, they successfully _________________________.(have复合结构)  2.(2025·浙江1月卷)那人愣了一下，但当他看到那个瘦骨嶙峋的男孩时，他松了一口气。 _________________________, but when he saw the skinny boy he ____________________.  had the breakfast prepared The man froze for a second breathed a sigh of relief 3.(2025·浙江1月卷)就在那一刻，警车的声音在空中回响。那人惊慌地站了起来，然后穿过房子跑向窗户，跳了出去。(动作描写) At that moment, the sounds of a police car echoed in the air._________ ___________________, then ran through the house toward the window and jumped out.  4.她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。(心理描写) ___________________________, _________________________, her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly.  The man stood up in a panic The more she thought about it the more frightened she felt 5.有人告诫她说，如果不想受到伤害就离约翰远一点儿。 →She was warned to ______________________ John if she didn’t want to get hurt.(keep one’s distance from)  →She was warned to _______________________ if she didn’t want to get hurt.(keep sb. at a distance)  keep her distance from keep John at a distance Part 4　写作能力培优 培优1　应用文增分练——保护濒危动物 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　Yesterday I ①_________________ (参加了一个讲座) whose title was “Wildlife in Danger”. The professor said that human beings were to blame ②_______________ (在很大程度上). As we all know, we ③______________________ (正在过度使用化石燃料), which leads to the greenhouse effect. Besides, we are occupying more lands, so attended a lecture to a great extent are overusing fossil fuels millions of living creatures have to ④____________________________ (逃离其原始栖息地). Some of them are even ⑤____________________ (处于灭绝的边缘). In addition, chemicals pollute soil, rivers and oceans.⑥_________________________________________________ __________ (看到死鱼漂浮在水面上是令人震惊的;it作形式主语). The lecture ⑦_______________________ (深深地触动了我们的心 灵). Afterwards, we ⑧______________________________________ ____________ (对这次讲座发表了积极的评论), and decided to do our part for wildlife protection.   escape from their original habitats on the edge of extinction It is shocking to see dead fishes floating on the surface of the river touched our soul deeply made positive comments /observations on this lecture 教材语料整合 培优2　读后续写提能练 亮词 [人物描写]　ambition; honesty; sincerity; bravery [情感描写]　shock; frightened; horrible; curious; anxiously; cheerful 美句 1.All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm.(环境描写) 2.I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(比喻句) 3.So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat. Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.(动作描写) 4.Then the sky was clear, the wind calmer, and the moon was shining.(环境描写) 一次突如其来的变故让我陷入了深深的恐惧，那一刻，恐惧如潮水般涌来，让我极度害怕。正当我被绝望笼罩，心中那份对未知世界的一丝好奇悄然燃起，它像一束光，穿透黑暗，照亮了我前行的路。 教材语料运用　【一次变故中的心理变化与成长】 ①__________________________ ____________________, and at that moment, fear came flooding in, ②_________________________ (现在分词短语作状语). Just as despair enveloped me, ③__________________ ___________________________________________, like a beam of light piercing through the darkness and illuminating my path forward. A sudden change had me fall into deep terror leaving me utterly frightened a spark of curiosity about the unknown world lit silently within me 我深吸一口气，鼓足勇气，决定不再逃避。经过不懈的努力，终于迎来了转机。那一刻，我笑了，心中充满了前所未有的喜悦。 ④___________________, gathered up all my courage, and ⑤___________________ __________. Through tireless efforts, ⑥___________________________. At that moment, I smiled, my heart filled with an unprecedented joy. I took a deep breath resolved not to escape anymore a turning point finally emerged 这次经历教会了我，无论困难有多大，只要我们坚持梦想、勇敢面对，就没有克服不了的障碍。而那份对未知的好奇，正是推动我们不断前行的动力。 This experience taught me that no matter how great the difficulties may be, ⑦______________________________ and ⑧________________, there is no obstacle we cannot overcome. And that curiosity for the unknown is precisely the driving force that pushes us forward.  as long as we hold onto our dreams face them bravely $