湖南省衡阳市第八中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学英语试题

**基本信息** 试卷以科技前沿（如NeuralGCM天气模型）、社会热点（鸟类种群减少）和人文关怀（医疗教育奉献者）为情境，通过多样化题型考查语言理解与表达能力，适配高三开学检测需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15题/37.5分|细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测|D篇结合机器学习与传统技术，考查信息整合与科学思维| |七选五|5题/12.5分|逻辑衔接、段落主旨|聚焦同伴公正，引导分析职场关系，体现思维品质| |完形填空|15题/15分|词汇辨析、语境理解|以患者无私奉献为线索，渗透人文素养与社会责任感| |语法填空|10题/15分|语法规则、词汇运用|通过英国学生体验中国潮玩文化，考查跨文化语境表达| |写作|2题/40分|应用写作、故事续写|应用文聚焦校园美化，续写传递善意价值，提升语言输出与创新能力|

衡阳市八中2026年高三年级入学检测 英 语 试 题 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Combining bikes and trains is a great way to explore nature, which mixes the ease of train travel with the freedom of cycling, giving you a special experience. Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail It’s an 87-mile pathway from Cleveland to Bolivar in Northeast Ohio. The Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad (CVSR) stretches out separately along the trail from Akron to Thornburg Station, a 31-mile stretch which goes through Cuyahoga Valley National Park. The trail hugs the outline of the original Ohio and Erie Canal, passing many landmarks like bridges, museums and villages. Danube Cycle Path It’s a path which follows the Danube River for about 745 miles, from Donaueschingen, Germany to Budapest, Hungary. The path is the most popular in Austria featuring 245 scenic miles serviced by local and long-distance trains. Most cyclists choose to ride from west to east with the flow of the river to take advantage of the natural slope (斜坡) of bicycle traffic. Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail It extends for 25 miles through woodlands next to the Lehigh River. A historic tourist railway called the Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway follows the trail, allowing cyclists to enjoy a one-way ride instead of backtracking. The rail trail is mostly flat and passes through the Lehigh Gorge State Park. While the train operates most days, the bike service is only offered one weekend a month from May to November. Cinder Track It’s a 21-mile broken-stone pathway along the coast of Yorkshire, England. The towns of Scarborough and Whitby, where the trail begins and ends, both have train stations near the trail. The train journey is not a direct pathway between them. Actually, the tracks of the original direct pathway were removed to create the trail. Meanwhile, the trail hugs the Yorkshire coast, with views of seaside cliffs and fishing villages. 1．Which aspect makes the Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail special? A．It gives cyclists a view of the sea. B．It shares most of its trail with CVSR. C．It provides a chance to visit museums. D．It goes through many cities and villages. 2．What is the disadvantage of the Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail for cyclists? A．The extremely rough path. B．The large number of sharp slopes. C．The connection with a local railway. D．The limited availability of cycling service. 3．What do Danube Cycle Path and Cinder Track have in common? A．They provide natural scenic views. B．They are famous for their physical features. C．They have local and long-distance train services. D．They are popular for their historical significance. B Billions fewer birds are flying through North American skies than decades ago and their numbers are shrinking (减少) ever faster, mostly due to the combination of intensive agriculture and warming temperatures, a new study finds. Nearly half of the 261 species studied showed losses important enough to be statistically significant, and more than half of those in decline have seen losses accelerate (加快) since 1987, according to a study published on Feb. 26 in the journal Science. “Not only are we losing birds, we are losing them faster and faster from year to year,” said study coauthor Marta Jarzyna, an ecologist at Ohio State University. The only consolation (安慰) is that the birds shrinking fastest in numbers are species that aren’t yet at risk of going extinct, said study lead author Francois Leroy, also an Ohio State ecologist. Geography proved important when Leroy and Jarzyna looked for reasons why so many bird species are shrinking ever faster. When it came to population declines-not the acceleration-the scientists noticed bigger losses farther south. “In regions where temperatures increase the most, we are seeing strongest declines in populations,” Jarzyna said. “However, the acceleration of those declines is mostly driven by agricultural practices.” The scientists found statistical connections between accelerating decline and high fertilizer and pesticide use and the amount of cropland, Leroy said. He said they couldn’t say any of those caused the acceleration of losses, but it indicated agriculture in general is a factor. “The stronger the agriculture, the faster we will lose birds,” Leroy said. Jarzyna said there is a “strong interaction” between climate change and agriculture in their effect on bird populations. “We found that agricultural intensification causes stronger accelerations of decline in regions where climate warmed the most,” Jarzyna said. “The paper shows that people need to change the way they live to reduce human-caused warming, agricultural intensity and broad application of chemicals,” said Cornell University ornithologist Andrew Farnsworth, who wasn’t part of the study. 4．What do we know about the birds declining fastest? A．They are all migratory species. B．They are currently not endangered. C．They have poor adaptability. D．They face a severe food shortage. 5．What accelerates the bird population decline most? A．Natural disasters. B．Warm temperatures. C．Agricultural activities. D．Geographic locations. 6．How did the scientists carry out their research? A．By doing lab experiments. B．By turning to the locals. C．By conducting online surveys. D．By studying statistical links. 7．Why does the author write the text? A．To present some ways to protect birds. B．To report the decline of bird populations. C．To discuss bird migration patterns. D．To explain the necessity of agricultural reform. C Cognitive (认知的) offloading, the act of delegating mental work to external tools, should concern anyone who values their own intelligence. When given the choice between thinking through a problem or letting technology handle it, will we choose the tool, even when we’re perfectly capable of succeeding on our own? Sam Gilbert noticed in his experiments something he calls “reminder bias.” This is the tendency to use external memory aids even when your own memory would serve you better. Participants chose to set digital reminders for tasks they could easily remember unaided. Even when offered money to encourage people to rely on their own memory, they still couldn’t overcome it. The root reason seems to be that people underestimate their own cognitive abilities. They think they’ll forget, so they set a reminder. They think they can’t solve the problem, so they ask AI. Over time, by consistently choosing the external tool, they never exercise the internal capability. If the problem were limited to memory, it might not matter much. After all, what’s the problem with setting a reminder on your phone? But research suggests the cognitive costs extend far beyond remembering appointments. Nathaniel Barr claimed that individuals who score lower on the Cognitive Reflection Test show greater smartphone dependence when obtaining information. These are people who, when faced with a problem, instinctively (本能地) reach for the quickest solution. AI hasn’t created this tendency. Humans have often preferred mental shortcuts. But AI has removed nearly all difficulties. You don’t have to go to a library or even type a search question. You just ask, and the answer appears, exactly as you need it. My concern is that people may begin using AI in ways that prevent the development of analytical skills. For a college student who consistently uses AI to work through problems, I question whether they’re building the neural infrastructure (神经基础结构) to handle similar problems independently later in life. 8．What does the underlined word “delegating” most probably mean? A．Assigning. B．Comparing. C．Applying. D．Linking. 9．Why did participants in Gilbert’s experiment set unnecessary digital reminders? A．They lacked confidence in their own memory. B．They were not offered enough money. C．They were poor in cognitive abilities. D．They never exercised their internal capability. 10．The author mentions the Cognitive Reflection Test to show ______. A．people rely too much on smartphones B．AI works better than human memory C．reminder bias causes harm to more than just memory D．smartphones are the quickest solution to many problems 11．What is the best title of the article? A．Cognitive Offloading: The Cause of AI Reliance B．How External Aids Like AI Enhance Reminder Bias C．External Tools or Internal Tool,Which Causes More Harm D．Over-reliance on External AI Tools May Weaken Cognitive Abilities D Researchers from Google have built a new weather prediction model that combines machine learning with conventional techniques, potentially yielding more accurate forecasts. The model, called NeuralGCM and described in a paper in Nature today, bridges a divide that’s grown among weather prediction experts in the last several years. The conventional models, which have dominated weather prediction for the last 50 years, use complex equations (方程) to model changes in the atmosphere and give forecasts, but they are extremely slow and expensive to run. Experts are divided on which tool will be most reliable going forward. But the new model from Google instead attempts to combine the two. “It’s not sort of physics vs. AI. It’s really physics and AI together, ” says Stephan Hoyer, an AI researcher at Google Research and a co-author of the paper. “NeuralGCM shows that when we combine AI with the conventional physics-based models, we can dramatically improve the accuracy and speed of atmospheric climate simulations (模拟),” said Stephan Hoyer. The paper said NeuralGCM proved faster, more accurate and used less computing power in tests against a traditional forecasting model based on atmospheric physics tools called X-SHiELD． In one test, NeuralGCM identified almost the same number of tropical storms as conventional extreme weather trackers did, and twice the number of X-SHiELD．In another test based on temperature and humidity (湿度) levels during 2020, the error rate was between 15 and 50 percent less. Peter Dueben, another co-author of the latest paper, said AI-only models were “often viewed dubiously” by experts because they were not based on mathematical equations devised (设计) from physics. However, the combination of the physics-based model with the deep learning model “seems to get the best of both worlds”, he said, adding that the approach was a “big step towards climate modelling with machine learning”. “The appetite is there for AI, ” Peter says. “But I think a lot of people still are waiting to see what happens. ” 12．According to the passage, NeuralGCM is helpful in ________. A．broadcasting weather forecast B．preventing further climate changes C．bridging the gap between researchers D．building accurate climate models 13．What does the author want to do by mentioning the two tests? A．To analyze NeuralGCM’s working process. B．To highlight the efficiency of NeuralGCM. C．To compare NeuralGCM with other models. D．To reveal problems of conventional trackers. 14．What does the underlined word “dubiously” mean in paragraph 5? A．Skeptically. B．Strictly. C．Precisely. D．Curiously. 15．What’s Peter Dueben’s attitude to the deep learning model? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Anxious. D．Uncertain. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the realm of organizational psychology, the focus has often been on the relationship between employees and their managers. We routinely ask questions like, “Is the boss fair?” and “Does the supervisor listen?” 16 As modern workplaces evolve to become flatter and more collaborative, a new form of fairness is emerging as a critical driver of success: peer justice. 17 Peer justice refers to the perceived fairness of the treatment that employees receive from their coworkers, rather than from formal authorities. While traditional organizational justice focuses on supervisors and hierarchical relationships, peer justice emphasizes the horizontal connections that shape our daily work experiences. Peer justice manifests in several key dimensions. 18 Research indicates that peer justice is highly dynamic; it is not a static “vibe” but fluctuates based on daily interactions. In fact, one study found that about 70% of the variance in peer justice perceptions occurs within the same individual from day to day . You might assume that as long as the boss is fair, the team will thrive. 19 Peer justice has a unique impact on performance that even the best manager cannot replicate. When peer justice is lacking, the consequences can be detrimental to an organization. 20 Creating a culture of peer fairness requires more than just policies; it necessitates a fundamental shift in leadership and team dynamics. The fairness that exists between peers may be the most crucial factor in your organization’s success. A．This emphasizes the importance of cultivating a positive workplace environment where fairness is consistently practiced. B．However, this focus on the boss-employee relationship is no longer sufficient. C．So what exactly is peer justice, and why does it matter for modern workplaces? D．These include respect, equal support, and fair distribution of work among teammates. E．Yet peer justice is often overlooked when evaluating team performance and organizational health. F．However, peer justice plays a more important role in team success than many people realize. G．How can organizations foster peer justice to unlock their teams’ full potential? 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Why would you do something like this?” I asked as the woman put her blouse back on. She looked at me, 21 . “I mean, I’m very grateful,” I added, “But it can’t be nice having dozens of medical students 22 you.” She shook her head and replied peacefully, “It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life. I 23 them.” I looked at her medical history in my notebook. Fifteen years ago, she was 24 of breast cancer. The tumor (肿瘤) was removed, and then she received 25 . Seven years later, the cancer 26 , and she underwent an operation to remove a breast. It was hard to imagine that someone suffering so much would willingly 27 themselves to the shame for baring her body to others. Yet she just wanted to repay the staff by 28 to be a patient for medical school finals, without expecting anything in return. 29 , I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people. Behind every successful doctor stand a number of 30 — those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them, and those who share their 31 . What they went through is often tiring or uncomfortable, yet they receive little 32 . These unsung heroes make medical education 33 . Their contributions are rarely acknowledged. However, without them, young doctors couldn’t 34 their skills. While doctors might help people, they wouldn’t be in a(n) 35 to do so if people hadn’t helped them first. 21．A．surprised B．annoyed C．pleased D．disappointed 22．A．helping B．detecting C．monitoring D．surrounding 23．A．adore B．owe C．praise D．treasure 24．A．persuaded B．suspected C．informed D．reminded 25．A．surgery B．encouragement C．advice D．treatment 26．A．remained B．returned C．responded D．recovered 27．A．subject B．attach C．apply D．devote 28．A．arranging B．pretending C．volunteering D．struggling 29．A．Looking back B．Holding on C．Turning around D．Setting out 30．A．nurses B．heroes C．assistants D．citizens 31．A．experiences B．adventures C．discoveries D．responsibilities 32．A．confirmation B．payment C．recognition D．approval 33．A．identical B．precious C．special D．possible 34．A．show B．prove C．enhance D．employ 35．A．attempt B．mood C．mission D．position 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On a warm mid-April afternoon, the pastel-colored castle of Pop Mart’s Pop Land rose like a “magic kingdom” in Beijing’s Chaoyang Park. Inside, a group of young British visitors laughed, took photos, 36 discovered the stories behind the vinyl figures they had long collected back home. Invited were all student union representatives from multiple UK universities, including the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, Imperial College London, the London School of Economics and Political Science, and the University of Leeds, 37 came to Chaoyang district to experience Chinese culture, explore cutting-edge technology and build 38 (bridge) of understanding. “I had no idea that all these different characters were under Pop Mart,” said Maximilian Camara from the University of Leeds. He 39 (buy) a Crybaby blind box at a London mall, only 40 (discover) later that the quirky (古怪的) figurine had taken British social media 41 storm. “The process of opening the box is full of fun and surprises,” he added. For Otitochukwu Molokwu, a graduate student from the London School of Economics and Political Science, the visit brought 42 unexpected delight. Leaving Pop Mart, Molokwu remained 43 (complete) immersed in the beauty of Chaoyang Park. “I didn’t know what to expect, but the nature here is 44 (stun),” she said. “The trees, the water — it really feels like being in a magical kingdom.” According to the trip’s organizers, the student delegation showed interest in Chaoyang as it 45 (be) home to nearly all of the foreign embassies in Beijing, 80 percent of international organizations, more than 60 percent of multinational regional headquarters, and half of the capital city’s international talent. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46．你校英文报正在开展“Make Our Campus More Beautiful”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．说明你发现的问题； 2．提出改进建议。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Make Our Campus More Beautiful _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex was already under a heavy burden, but fate suddenly took an unexpected turn. This man from Detroit was facing a financial problem and was planning to pawn (典当) his wedding ring. Just then, he met someone who seemed to be also in need of help. What happened next changed his life forever. On his way to American Jewelry and Loan, Alex noticed a man who seemed to be blind and struggling. “Excuse me, sir,” a voice called out weakly. “Could you help me stand up?” Alex looked down to see the man sitting on the kerb (路缘), dark sunglasses covering his eyes, appearing to struggle with mobility. Without hesitation, Alex extended his hand. “I’m more than glad to lend you my hand,” he said warmly, helping the stranger to his feet. “Thank you, brother,” said the man, adjusting his voice. “I hate to ask, but...could you spare some money? I haven’t eaten today.” Alex’s heart sank. He was about to pawn his most precious possession, yet faced with someone in even greater need. Alex hesitated for a moment. He knew he didn’t have much to spare, but looking at the man’s desperate situation, he couldn’t bring himself to say no. “I’ll have money after pawning my wedding ring. I’ll give you a few dollars,” he promised, even though his own stomach hurt with worry. The man’s expression transformed suddenly, his sunglasses coming off to reveal bright, grateful eyes. “My name is James,” he said, extending his hand. “I create content about kindness for social media. But more importantly, I’m going to help you.” Alex was shocked. He realized that James wasn’t blind at all. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before Alex could say anything, James explained to him what he was doing. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Alex opened the envelope hesitantly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 答 案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C D A B C D B A A C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D D B A B B C D F G 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A D B C D B A C A B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A C D C D 36．and 37．who 38．bridges 39．had bought 40．to discover 41．by 42．an 43．completely 44．stunning 45．is 46．范文 Make Our Campus More Beautiful Recently, I have noticed that littering is a serious problem on our campus, with waste often scattered on the playground and in the corridors. This not only ruins the beautiful scenery but also has a negative impact on our learning environment. To address this, I suggest that more trash cans should be placed in public areas. Additionally, it is high time that we raised students’ awareness of environmental protection. Let’s take action immediately to make our campus a better place. 47．参考范文： Before Alex could say anything, James explained to him what he was doing. He had been filming a social experiment to encourage people’s kindness in difficult situations. Alex’s selfless act had deeply moved him. “Your act of kindness today has inspired me. I’ve seen a lot of people in need, but your willingness to help someone else, even when you were in such a difficult situation, is truly remarkable. I’m going to share your story,” said James. “And I’ve also prepared something for you.” He handed Alex an envelope, saying it contained a surprise. Alex stared at the envelope, stunned by the sudden twist. Alex opened the envelope hesitantly. Inside was a check for $10,000 and a note saying “Kindness deserves reward.” Tears welled up in his eyes as he read the words. “I... I don’t know what to say,” Alex stammered. James put a hand on Alex’s shoulder. “Just keep being the kind person you are. Your act has shown me that there is still so much good in this world.” From that day on, Alex’s life took a positive turn. He used the money to get back on his feet financially. He also started to volunteer in his community, paying forward the kindness he had received. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $衡阳市八中2026年高三年级入学检测 英语试题 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Y Combining bikes and trains is a great way to explore nature,which mixes the ease of train travel with the freedom of cycling,giving you a special experience. Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail It's an 87-mile pathway from Cleveland to Bolivar in Northeast Ohio.The Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad(CVSR) stretches out separately along the trail from Akron to Thornburg Station,a 31-mile stretch which goes through Cuyahoga Valley National Park.The trail hugs the outline of the original Ohio and Erie Canal,passing many landmarks like bridges, museums and villages. Danube Cycle Path It's a path which follows the Danube River for about 745 miles,from Donaueschingen,Germany to Budapest,Hungary The path is the most popular in Austria featuring 245 scenic miles serviced by local and long-distance trains.Most cyclists choose to ride from west to east with the flow of the river to take advantage of the natural slope()of bicycle traffic. Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail It extends for 25 miles through woodlands next to the Lehigh River.A historic tourist railway called the Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway follows the trail,allowing cyclists to enjoy a one-way ride instead of backtracking.The rail trail is mostly flat and passes through the Lehigh Gorge State Park.While the train operates most days,the bike service is only offered one weekend a month from May to November. Cinder Track It's a 21-mile broken-stone pathway along the coast of Yorkshire,England.The towns of Scarborough and Whitby, where the trail begins and ends,both have train stations near the trail.The train journey is not a direct pathway between them.Actually,the tracks of the original direct pathway were removed to create the trail.Meanwhile,the trail hugs the Yorkshire coast,with views of seaside cliffs and fishing villages. 1.Which aspect makes the Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail special? 试卷第1页（共10页） A.It gives cyclists a view of the sea. B.It shares most of its trail with CVSR. C.It provides a chance to visit museums. D.It goes through many cities and villages. 2.What is the disadvantage of the Lehigh Gorge Rail Trail for cyclists? A.The extremely rough path B.The large number of sharp slopes. C.The connection with a local railway. D.The limited availability of cycling service. 3.What do Danube Cycle Path and Cinder Track have in common? A.They provide natural scenic views. B.They are famous for their physical features. C.They have local and long-distance train services. D.They are popular for their historical significance. B Billions fewer birds are fly ing through North American skies than decades ago and their numbers are shrinking ( ever faster,mostly due to the combination of intensive agriculture and warming temperatures,a new study finds. Nearly half of the 261 species studied showed losses important enough to be statistically significant,and more than half of those in decline have seen losses accelerate (since 1987,according to a study published on Feb.26 in the journal Science. "Not only are we losing birds,we are losing them faster and faster from year to year,"said study coauthor Marta Jarzyna,an ecologist at Ohio State University.The only consolation (is that the birds shrinking fastest in numbers are species that aren't yet at risk of going extinct,said study lead author Francois Leroy,also an Ohio State ecologist. Geography proved important when Leroy and Jarzyna looked for reasons why so many bird species are shrinking ever faster.When it came to population declines-not the acceleration-the scientists noticed bigger losses farther south."In regions where temperatures increase the most,we are seeing strongest declines in populations,"Jarzyna said."However,the acceleration of those declines is mostly driven by agricultural practices." The scientists found statistical connections between accelerating decline and high fertilizer and pesticide use and the amount of cropland,Leroy said.He said they couldn't say any of those caused the acceleration of losses,but it indicated agriculture in general is a factor."The stronger the agriculture,the faster we will lose birds,"Leroy said.Jarzyna said there 试卷第2页（共10页） is a "strong interaction"between climate change and agriculture in their effect on bird populations."We found that agricultural intensification causes stronger accelerations of decline in regions where climate warmed the most,"Jarzyna said. "The paper shows that people need to change the way they live to reduce human-caused warming,agricultural intensity and broad application of chemicals,"said Cornell University ornithologist Andrew Farnsworth,who wasn't part of the study 4.What do we know about the birds declining fastest? A.They are all migratory species. B.They are currently not endangered. C.They have poor adaptability. D.They face a severe food shortage. 5.What accelerates the bird population decline most? A.Natural disasters. B.Warm temperatures. C.Agricultural activities. D.Geographic locations. 6.How did the scientists carry out their research? A.By doing lab experiments B.By turning to the locals. C.By conducting online surveys. D.By studying statistical links. 7.Why does the author write the text? A.To present some ways to protect birds. B.To report the decline of bird populations. C.To discuss bird migration patterns. D.To explain the necessity of agricultural reform. C Cognitive (offloading,the act of delegating mental work to external tools,should concern anyone who values their own intelligence.When given the choice between thinking through a problem or letting technology handle it, will we choose the tool,even when we're perfectly capable of succeeding on our own? Sam Gilbert noticed in his experiments something he calls"reminder bias."This is the tendency to use external memory aids even when your own memory would serve you better.Participants chose to set digital reminders for tasks they could easily remember unaided.Even when offered money to encourage people to rely on their own memory,they still couldn't overcome it. The root reason seems to be that people underestimate their own cognitive abilities.They think they'll forget,so they set a reminder.They think they can't solve the problem,so they ask AI.Over time,by consistently choosing the external tool,they never exercise the internal capability. If the problem were limited to memory,it might not matter much.After all,what's the problem with setting a 试卷第3页（共10页) reminder on your phone?But research suggests the cognitive costs extend far beyond remembering appointments. Nathaniel Bar claimed that individuals who score lower on the Cognitive Reflection Test show greater smartphone dependence when obtaining information.These are people who,when faced with a problem,instinctively (reach for the quickest solution. AI hasn't created this tendency.Humans have often preferred mental shortcuts.But AI has removed nearly all difficulties.You don't have to go to a library or even type a search question.You just ask,and the answer appears,exactly as you need it. My concern is that people may begin using al in ways that prevent the development of analytical skills.For a college student who consistently uses AI to work through problems,I question whether they're building the neural infrastructure( 经基础结构)to handle similar problems independently later in life. 8.What does the underlined word"delegating"most probably mean? A.Assigning. B.Comparing. C.Applying. D.Linking. 9.Why did participants in Gilbert's experiment set unnecessary digital reminders? A.They lacked confidence in their own memory. B.They were not offered enough money. C.They were poor in cognitive abilities. D.They never exercised their internal capability. 10.The author mentions the Cognitive Reflection Test to show A.people rely too much on smartphones B.AI works better than human memory C.reminder bias causes harm to more than just memory D.smartphones are the quickest solution to many problems 11.What is the best title of the article? A.Cognitive Offloading:The Cause of AI Reliance B.How External Aids Like AI Enhance Reminder Bias C.External Tools or Internal Tool,Which Causes More Harm D.Over-reliance on External AI Tools May Weaken Cognitive Abilities D Researchers from Google have built a new weather prediction model that combines machine learning with conventional techniques,potentially yielding more accurate forecasts.The model,called NeuralGCM and described in a 试卷第4页（共10页） paper in Nature today,bridges a divide that's grown among weather prediction experts in the last several years. The conventional models,which have dominated weather prediction for the last 50 years,use complex equations to model changes in the atmosphere and give forecasts,but they are extremely slow and expensive to run.Experts are divided on which tool will be most reliable going forward.But the new model from Google instead attempts to combine the two."It's not sort of physics vs.AI.It's really physics and AI together,"says Stephan Hoyer,an AI researcher at Google Research and a co-author of the paper. "NeuralGCM shows that when we combine AI with the conventional physics-based models,we can dramatically improve the accuracy and speed of atmospheric climate simulations (),said Stephan Hoyer.The paper said NeuralGCM proved faster,more accurate and used less computing power in tests against a traditional forecasting model based on atmospheric physics tools called X-SHiELD. In one test,NeuralGCM identified almost the same number of tropical storms as conventional extreme weather trackers did,and twice the number of X-SHiELD.In another test based on temperature and humidity (levels during 2020,the error rate was between 15 and 50 percent less. Peter Dueben,another co-author of the latest paper,said AI-only models were"often viewed dubiously"by experts because they were not based on mathematical equations devised (from physics.However,the combination of the physics-based model with the deep learning model"seems to get the best of both worlds',he said,adding that the approach was a"big step towards climate modelling with machine learning"."The appetite is there for AI,Peter says."But I think a lot of people still are waiting to see what happens." 12.According to the passage,NeuralGCM is helpful in A.broadcasting weather forecast B.preventing further climate changes C.bridging the gap between researchers D.building accurate climate models 13.What does the author want to do by mentioning the two tests? A.To analyze NeuralGCM's working process.B.To highlight the efficiency of NeuralGCM. C.To compare NeuralGCM with other models.D.To reveal problems of conventional trackers. 14.What does the underlined word"dubiously"mean in paragraph 5? A.Skeptically. B.Strictly C.Precisely. D.Curiously. 15.What's Peter Dueben's attitude to the deep learning model? A.Disapproving.B.Favorable. C.Anxious. D.Uncertain. 试卷第5页（共10页） 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the realm of organizational psychology,the focus has often been on the relationship between employees and their managers.We routinely ask questions like,"Is the boss fair?"and"Does the supervisor listen?"16 As modern workplaces evolve to become flatter and more collaborative,a new form of fairness is emerging as a critical driver of success:peer justice. 17 Peer justice refers to the perceived fairness of the treatment that employees receive from their coworkers, rather than from formal authorities.While traditional organizational justice focuses on supervisors and hierarchical relationships,peer justice emphasizes the horizontal connections that shape our daily work experiences. Peer justice manifests in several key dimensions.18 Research indicates that peer justice is highly dynamic;it is not a static "vibe"but fluctuates based on daily interactions.In fact,one study found that about 70%of the variance in peer justice perceptions occurs within the same individual from day to day. You might assume that as long as the boss is fair,the team will thrive.19 Peer justice has a unique impact on performance that even the best manager cannot replicate.When peer justice is lacking,the consequences can be detrimental to an organization 20 Creating a culture of peer fairness requires more than just policies;it necessitates a fundamental shift in leadership and team dynamics.The fairness that exists between peers may be the most crucial factor in your organization's success. A.This emphasizes the importance of cultivating a positive workplace environment where fairness is consistently practiced. B.However,this focus on the boss-employee relationship is no longer sufficient. C.So what exactly is peer justice,and why does it matter for modern workplaces? D.These include respect,equal support,and fair distribution of work among teammates. E.Yet peer justice is often overlooked when evaluating team performance and organizational health. F.However,peer justice plays a more important role in team success than many people realize. G.How can organizations foster peer justice to unlock their teams'full potential? 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Why would you do something like this?I asked as the woman put her blouse back on.She looked at me, 试卷第6页（共10页) 21 "I mean,I'm very grateful,"I added,"But it can't be nice having dozens of medical students 22 you." She shook her head and replied peacefully,"It's my way of saying thank you.This hospital saved my life.I 23 them.” I looked at her medical history in my notebook.Fifteen years ago,she was24 of breast cancer.The tumor (was removed,and then she received 25 Seven years later,the cancer 26,and she underwent an operation to remove a breast.It was hard to imagine that someone suffering so much would willingly 27 themselves to the shame for baring her body to others.Yet she just wanted to repay the staff by 28 to be a patient for medical school finals,without expecting anything in return. 29 I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people.Behind every successful doctor stand a number of30-those who donate their bodies for dissection ()those who allow students to examine them,and those who share their 31.What they went through is often tiring or uncomfortable,yet they receive little 32- These unsung heroes make medical education 33 Their contributions are rarely acknowledged.However, without them,young doctors couldn't 34 their skills.While doctors might help people,they wouldn't be in a(n) 35 to do so if people hadn't helped them first. 21.A.surprised B.annoyed C.pleased D.disappointed 22.A.helping B.detecting C.monitoring D.surrounding 23.A.adore B.owe C.praise D.treasure 24.A.persuaded B.suspected C.informed D.reminded 25.A.surgery B.encouragement C.advice D.treatment 26.A.remained B.returned C.responded D.recovered 27.A.subject B.attach C.apply D.devote 28.A.arranging B.pretending C.volunteering D.struggling 29.A.Looking back B.Holding on C.Turning around D.Setting out 30.A.nurses B.heroes C.assistants D.citizens 31.A.experiences B.adventures C.discoveries D.responsibilities 32.A.confirmation B.payment C.recognition D.approval 33.A.identical B.precious C.special D.possible 34.A.show B.prove C.enhance D.employ 35.A.attempt B.mood C.mission D.position 试卷第7页（共10页） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On a warm mid-April afternoon,the pastel-colored castle of Pop Mart's Pop Land rose like a"magic kingdom"in Beijing's Chaoyang Park.Inside,a group of young British visitors laughed,took photos,36 discovered the stories behind the vinyl figures they had long collected back home. Invited were all student union representatives from multiple UK universities,including the University of Oxford,the University of Cambridge,Imperial College London,the London School of Economics and Political Science,and the University of Leeds,37 came to Chaoyang district to experience Chinese culture,explore cutting-edge technology and build38(bridge)of understanding. "I had no idea that all these different characters were under Pop Mart,"said Maximilian Camara from the University of Leeds.He 39 (buy)a Crybaby blind box at a London mall,only 40 (discover)later that the quirky figurine had taken British social media 41 storm."The process of opening the box is full of fun and surprises,”he added. For Otitochukwu Molokwu,a graduate student from the London School of Economics and Political Science,the visit brought 42 unexpected delight. Leaving Pop Mart,Molokwu remained 43 (complete)immersed in the beauty of Chaoyang Park."I didn't know what to expect,but the nature here is 44(stun),she said."The trees,the water-it really feels like being in a magical kingdom.” According to the trip's organizers,the student delegation showed interest in Chaoyang as it 45(be)home to nearly all of the foreign embassies in Beijing,80 percent of international organizations,more than 60 percent of multinational regional headquarters,and half of the capital city's international talent. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46.你校英文报正在开展Make Our Campus More Beautiful''的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.说明你发现的问题； 2.提出改进建议。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 试卷第8页（共10页） Make Our Campus More Beautiful 第二节（满分25分） 47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex was already under a heavy burden,but fate suddenly took an unexpected turn.This man from Detroit was facing a financial problem and was planning to pawn (his wedding ring.Just then,he met someone who seemed to be also in need of help.What happened next changed his life forever. On his way to American Jewelry and Loan,Alex noticed a man who seemed to be blind and struggling. "Excuse me,sir,"a voice called out weakly."Could you help me stand up? Alex looked down to see the man sitting on the kerb ()dark sunglasses covering his eyes,appearing to struggle with mobility.Without hesitation,Alex extended his hand."I'm more than glad to lend you my hand,"he said warmly, helping the stranger to his feet. "Thank you,brother,"said the man,adjusting his voice."I hate to ask,but...could you spare some money?I haven't eaten today.” Alex's heart sank.He was about to pawn his most precious possession,yet faced with someone in even greater need. Alex hesitated for a moment.He knew he didn't have much to spare,but looking at the man's desperate situation,he couldn't bring himself to say no. "I'll have money after pawning my wedding ring.I'll give you a few dollars,"he promised,even though his own stomach hurt with worry. The man's expression transformed suddenly,his sunglasses coming off to reveal bright,grateful eyes."My name is James,"he said,extending his hand."I create content about kindness for social media.But more importantly,I'm going to help you..” Alex was shocked.He realized that James wasn't blind at all. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before Alex could say anything,James explained to him what he was doing. 试卷第9页（共10页） Alex opened the envelope hesitantly. 试卷第10页（共10页）