Unit 4 Journey across a vast land 高考一轮复习讲义-2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦人教版选择性必修二Unit 4，围绕旅行话题整合易混动词、核心短语及句式等高考核心考点，按词汇讲练、句式突破、语法填空、写作专项的逻辑架构展开，通过考点梳理（如易混词表格对比）、方法指导（微写作训练）、分层练习（基础与提升题）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破语法填空和写作难点。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新采用“词形转换链+语境应用”策略，如freeze/frozen的辨析结合读后续写场景描写，not until句式通过强调句与倒装改写训练逻辑思维。设置写作模板与原创题，确保学生在有限时间内掌握高分表达，为教师提供精准复习路径，有效提升学生应考能力和复习效率。

人教版选择性必修二Unit 4 一轮复习讲义 · 词汇句式讲练 + 写作突破 单元知识与高考说明 ▎ 一、单元核心知识 本单元围绕"跨越广袤大地的旅行"展开，核心知识梳理如下： · 核心动词：arise / rise / raise / arouse（易混四词）、bound、freeze、astonish、owe · 核心短语：take one's breath away、contrary to、owing to、be bound to / be bound for · 核心句式：rather than并列结构、not until强调句与倒装、with复合结构、非谓语动词作状语 · 话题语境：旅行见闻、地理风光、跨文化交流 ▎ 二、高考怎么考 1. 语法填空：freeze和astonish的派生词（freezing / frozen / astonished / astonishing / astonishment）是高频考点；contrary to、owing to的介词搭配；非谓语作状语和with复合结构也常考。 2. 写作：旅游推荐类邮件是高频体裁，be bound to、take one's breath away、contrary to用在作文里是加分表达。 3. 读后续写：frozen with astonishment、take one's breath away用来写人物惊呆和风景震撼，比普通的surprised、beautiful得分高。 4. 本单元词汇不单独考完形或阅读大题，但会在阅读语篇中间接出现。掌握熟词生义（passage、plain、polish、highlight等）有助于读懂文章。 一、核心词汇讲练 ▎ 1. arise / rise / raise / arouse 这组词是语法填空和写作的高频易混点，注意及物与不及物、主语是人还是抽象事物。 单词 词性 基本义 过去式/过去分词 常用搭配 注意点 arise vi. 出现；起身 arose / arisen arise from 由……引起 主语多为problem, question, conflict等抽象名词 rise vi. 升起；上升；起身 rose / risen rise to one's feet 站起身 不及物，无被动；主语为日、月、水位等 raise vt. 举起；提高；筹集；抚养 raised / raised raise money/awareness 及物，必须接宾语；常考"筹集""提出"义 arouse vt. 激起；唤醒 aroused / aroused arouse one's interest/curiosity 宾语多为interest, curiosity, anger等抽象名词 基础练 1. When the unexpected storm __________ (arise) without warning, the hikers had to seek shelter in a nearby cave. 2. The local group has managed __________ (raise) enough funds to protect the wetland, which is home to many migratory birds. 3. It was the guide's vivid story that __________ (arouse) our curiosity, making us extend our stay by two days. 4. As the morning mist cleared, the snow-capped peaks __________ (rise) above the clouds, leaving every passenger speechless. 5. Difficulties are bound __________ (arise) when you travel into an unknown area, but they also make the trip worthwhile. 提升练 6. The documentary, which __________ (raise) public awareness of the shrinking glaciers, has sparked heated debate nationwide. 7. Never before had such a serious conflict __________ (arise) between the two tribes, and the elders struggled to settle it peacefully. 8. With the sun __________ (rise) higher and the temperature climbing, the climbers decided to turn back before noon. 9. Education should aim to __________ (arouse) students' intellectual curiosity rather than merely feed them facts. 10. The prices of local handicrafts __________ (rise) sharply over the past decade as more tourists discovered the village. 微写作 11. 听到这个消息，她猛地站起身，眼中满是难以置信。（用rise/arouse） ________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 这部纪录片旨在唤起公众对濒危物种的关注，同时为保护区筹集资金。（一句中用arouse和raise） ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 2. bound bound作形容词，主要考两个搭配：be bound to do（一定会）和be bound for（开往）。 搭配 含义 例句 be bound to do sth 一定会做某事；有义务做 You are bound to succeed if you keep trying. be bound for + 地点 开往……；前往…… The train bound for Lhasa departs at 8 a.m. be bound from…to… 从……开往…… The flight is bound from Beijing to Xi'an. 基础练 1. Now that you have done so much preparation, you are bound __________ (win) the speech contest. 2. The flight had taken off at 8:01, bound __________ San Francisco. 3. Anyone who visits the grassland at dawn __________ (bound) to be impressed by the sea of clouds. 微写作 4. 我相信你一定会被张家界奇特的地貌所打动。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 他将乘坐从上海到桂林的火车，在那儿待一个星期游山玩水。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 3. freeze 注意freezing（极冷的，修饰天气/温度）和frozen（冻僵的/惊呆的，修饰人或食物）的区别。 形式 词性 含义 搭配 freeze v. 结冰；冻僵；呆住 freeze to death 冻死 freezing adj./n. 极冷的；冰点 below freezing 冰点以下 frozen adj. 冷冻的；冻僵的；惊呆的 be frozen with 因……呆住 freezer n. 冰柜 — 基础练 1. It was an extremely cold evening and __________ (freeze) fog hung in the air. 2. When combined with berries, __________ (freeze) bananas make an excellent base for fruit shakes. 3. Without a sleeping bag, you would freeze __________ death out there on the mountainside. 4. On that __________ (freeze) morning, the lake had turned into a vast sheet of ice. 5. The little boy stood there, __________ (freeze) with terror as the wild horse approached. 微写作 6. 看到眼前不可思议的景色，他呆呆地站在原地，仿佛被钉在了地上。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 4. astonish 词形转换链：astonish → astonished（人感到惊讶）/ astonishing（事物令人惊讶）/ astonishment（名词）。 形式 含义 搭配 astonished 感到惊讶的（修饰人） be astonished at/by/to do astonishing 令人惊讶的（修饰事物） an astonishing discovery astonishment 惊讶（名词） to one's astonishment; in astonishment 基础练 1. When he looked at the menu, an __________ (astonish) look quickly appeared on his face. 2. Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is — always leaving us __________ (astonish). 3. To our great __________ (astonish), the remote village now has a fully digitalized tourist center. 4. We were __________ (astonish) to find that the cave contained wall paintings over 2,000 years old. 5. The __________ (astonish) landscape draws millions of tourists from home and abroad every year. 句式改写 6. What astonished us was that the small town had developed so rapidly. ① 用astonished改写：________________________________________________ ② 用astonishment改写：________________________________________________ ▎ 5. owe owe的考法集中在三个结构：owe sth to sb（归功于）、owe it to sb that…（多亏……）、owing to（由于，写作替换because of）。 结构 含义 用法说明 owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；归功于某人 接双宾语或介词to owe it to sb that… 多亏某人/某事才…… it是形式宾语，that从句是真正宾语 owing to = because of 由于，因为 介词短语，后接名词或动名词 基础练 1. The young writer owed it __________ his teacher's encouragement that he achieved success. 2. __________ (owe) to the joint efforts of the government and villagers, the polluted river has been restored. 3. I owe it to my parents __________ I have developed the habit of keeping a travel journal. 4. The town owes its prosperity __________ the discovery of ancient ruins nearby. 5. Owing to the fact that the mountain pass __________ (block) by a landslide, all vehicles had to take a detour. 微写作 6. 多亏了你的详细建议，我的西南之行才得以顺利进行。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 6. 重点短语 短语 含义 用法说明 take one's breath away 令人惊叹 主语多为景色、表演；breathtaking为形容词 (be) contrary to 与……相反 后接名词或what从句；on the contrary 相反地 hold one's breath 屏息 描写紧张、期待时刻 out of breath 上气不接下气 描写运动后状态 基础练 1. When the full view of the canyon was revealed, it simply ________________________, and the audience fell silent. 2. ________________________ what many guides suggest, the best time to visit the desert is early spring, not autumn. 3. After climbing the endless stone steps, we were completely ________________________, but the view made it worthwhile. 4. Contrary __________ the common assumption, the village has full 5G coverage and solar-powered street lamps. 5. The guide warned us not to ________________________ while crossing the narrow rope bridge. 微写作 6. 站在山顶俯瞰山谷，金色的麦田与蜿蜒的河流交织在一起，美得令人窒息。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 二、核心句式讲练 ▎ 1. rather than rather than连接两个并列成分。连接两个主语时，谓语与rather than前面的主语保持一致（就远原则）。 常考句型：prefer to do…rather than do… / would rather do…than do… / would do…rather than do… 注意：rather than位于句首时，后接动名词。 基础练 1. Rather than __________ (rely) on public transport, the researchers decided to rent a vehicle for the expedition. 2. The expedition leader, rather than the team members, __________ (be) held responsible for the failure. 3. I would rather __________ (walk) the remaining distance than __________ (wait) here for a rescue team. 改写与翻译 4. 用rather than合并：The tourists chose the scenic railway. They did not choose the expensive flight. ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 与其在热门景点人挤人，不如去探索那些鲜为人知却同样壮丽的自然风光。（rather than放句首） ________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 改错：The teacher, rather than the students, are to blame for the poor organization. ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 2. not until 强调句与倒装 ① 强调句：It is/was not until + 时间/从句 + that + 主句（that不可省，不可换when） ② 倒装句：Not until + 时间/从句 + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语（从句不倒装，主句倒装） 基础练 1. It was not until the train crossed the final tunnel __________ the vast grassland unfolded before our eyes. 2. Not until the guide explained the geological significance __________ we begin to appreciate the rock formations. 3. It was not until near the end of the journey __________ I realized the most memorable moments were the unexpected encounters. 4. Not until every piece of equipment __________ (check) thoroughly did the team leader give the signal to set off. 一句两改 5. 原句：The travelers did not discover the waterfall until they had followed the stream for over an hour. ① 强调句：________________________________________________________________ ② 倒装句：________________________________________________________________ 微写作 6. 直到登上观景台的那一刻，我才真正理解了为什么无数诗人画家为这片山水倾倒。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 3. with复合结构 with + 宾语 + 宾补（doing/done/to do/adj./adv./介词短语），作状语表伴随、原因等。判断：主动用doing，被动用done，将来用to do。 基础练 1. The train raced across the prairie, with vast fields of flowers __________ (stretch) as far as the eye could see. 2. With all the preparations __________ (make) in advance, the team set off at dawn without a hitch. 3. The old town looked charming at dusk, with red lanterns __________ (hang) along every street. 4. With a lot of difficult problems __________ (settle), the new mayor could barely spare a moment for vacation. 5. She stood at the cliff edge, with her hair __________ (blow) wildly in the wind. 微写作 6. 夕阳西下，金色的阳光洒在湖面上，远处的山峰笼罩在薄雾之中。（用至少两个with复合结构） ________________________________________________________________________________ ▎ 4. 非谓语动词作状语 判断依据：非谓语与句子主语的逻辑关系——主动用doing，被动用done。 基础练 1. __________ (locate) at the foot of the snow mountain, the village has become a popular destination. 2. __________ (delight) by the warmth of the local people, the traveler decided to extend her stay. 3. __________ (walk) through the narrow alleys, you will encounter craftsmen practicing age-old skills. 4. __________ (compare) with coastal cities, inland towns offer a slower pace of life. 5. __________ (not know) which path led to the waterfall, the hikers had to consult the map again. 改写 6. Because the travelers were exhausted after a ten-hour drive, they checked into the first hotel.（用过去分词作状语） ________________________________________________________________________________ 7. When you stand on the deck, you can enjoy a panoramic view of the valley.（用现在分词作状语） ________________________________________________________________________________ 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I took the train bound for Lhasa, eager to experience the legendary Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Rather than 1.__________ (fly), I chose this slow journey, because I knew 2.__________ would offer views no airplane could match. As the train climbed, the air grew thin. Through the window, I spotted herds of wild donkeys wandering across 3.__________ endless grassland. In the distance, snow-capped peaks rose 4.__________ (magic) against the blue sky. One of the highlights came when we passed a cluster of turquoise lakes, 5.__________ beauty took my breath away. Contrary 6.__________ my expectation, the train was comfortable. With oxygen supplied and compartments 7.__________ (heat), passengers could relax and enjoy the scenery. It was not until we approached Lhasa 8.__________ I noticed a mixture of excitement and respect among the travelers. Upon arrival, I was astonished 9.__________ (find) the city a fascinating mix of ancient monasteries and modern malls. I owed it to a local friend that I visited a hidden temple, 10.__________ time seemed to stand still. 四、写作专项：旅游推荐类邮件 ▎ 1. 常用词汇 功能 表达 描述位置 be located/situated in; lie in; nestle in 描述特征 be renowned for; boast; feature; be characterized by 描述美景 breathtaking; spectacular; magnificent; stunning; picturesque 描述活动 go hiking; take a boat ride; explore; wander through; immerse oneself in 表达推荐 a must-see; highly recommend; be well worth visiting; a paradise for 表达感受 be overwhelmed by; be struck by; be bound to; leave a deep impression on ▎ 2. 高分句型 段落 句型 说明 开头 Delighted to know that you are planning a trip to…, I'd like to recommend… 形容词短语作状语 开头 Hearing that you have a passion for…, I am writing to share… 现在分词作状语 主体 Located in…, …is renowned for…, which boasts… 过去分词作状语+定语从句 主体 With…, the scenery is breathtaking, taking every visitor's breath away. with复合结构+分词 主体 Not only can you…, but you can also… not only倒装 结尾 I'm convinced that you are bound to fall in love with… be bound to高级表达 ▎ 3. 读后续写旅途描写句 类型 表达 风景震撼 The view took my breath away / left me speechless. 人物惊呆 He stood there frozen with astonishment, as if rooted to the ground. 日出景象 As the sun rose above the peaks, the valley was bathed in golden light. 寒冷环境 On that freezing morning, frost covered the window and the air bit at our cheeks. 意外发现 To our astonishment, hidden behind the waterfall was a cave with ancient paintings. 转折对比 Contrary to what I had expected, the small town was the highlight of the trip. ▎ 4. 三段式模板 Dear __________, Delighted to know that you are planning a trip to __________, I'd like to recommend a must-see destination — __________. Located in __________, __________ is renowned for its __________, which boasts __________. With __________, the scenery there is simply breathtaking. Not only can you __________, but you can also __________, which allows you to immerse yourself in the local culture. I'm convinced that you are bound to fall in love with this place. Wish you an enjoyable trip! Yours, Li Hua ▎ 5. 原创写作题 题目一 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris计划今年暑假来中国西南地区旅行，发邮件向你咨询推荐一处自然景观。请你回一封邮件，内容包括： ① 推荐景点名称及位置；② 主要特色与可参与的活动；③ 表达祝愿。 注意：词数80左右；可适当增加细节；必须使用本单元至少两个核心词汇或句式。 题目二 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Toby来信说，他认为中国的旅行目的地无非就是长城、故宫等著名景点。请你回一封邮件，内容包括： ① 委婉纠正他的看法（用contrary to）；② 推荐一处他可能不了解但值得去的地方；③ 说明理由并发出邀请。 注意：词数100左右；必须使用not until强调句或rather than中的至少一个。 五、构词法 ▎ 1.构词法 1. The __________ (astonish) transformation of the village has attracted urban planners nationwide. 2. The __________ (freeze) temperatures mean even hardy travelers need thermal gear. 3. The documentary offers a __________ (mass) overview of the country's railway network. 4. Many are drawn to the region by its __________ (mist) mornings and mountain trails. 5. The __________ (photograph) spent a month documenting the herders, producing __________ (breathe) images. 6. The __________ (advertise) campaign has led to a 40% increase in visitors. 7. The guide's __________ (describe) of the local folklore was so vivid. 8. The __________ (highlight) of the journey was the sunrise over the salt lake. 参考答案与解析 ▎ 一、核心词汇讲练 1. arise / rise / raise / arouse 1. arose　【解析】描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；storm作"出现、来临"讲时可用arise。 2. to raise　【解析】manage to do sth固定结构；raise funds筹集资金，及物动词。 3. aroused　【解析】强调句中谓语用过去式；arouse one's curiosity激起好奇心，宾语为抽象名词。 4. rose　【解析】as引导时间状语从句，主语peaks（山峰）自然"高耸/升起"，用rise的过去式rose。 5. to arise　【解析】be bound to do sth一定会做某事；arise（困难出现）不及物。 6. has raised　【解析】定语从句谓语，与主句现在完成时has sparked呼应；raise awareness提高意识。 7. arisen　【解析】过去完成时had + 过去分词；arise的过去分词为arisen。否定词Never前置引起倒装。 8. rising　【解析】with复合结构，sun与rise为主动关系，用现在分词。 9. arouse　【解析】aim to do sth；arouse students' curiosity激起学生好奇心。 10. have risen　【解析】over the past decade是现在完成时标志；prices rise价格上涨，不及物。 11. 参考：Hearing the news, she rose to her feet abruptly, her eyes filled with disbelief.　【解析】rise to one's feet站起身；"眼中满是难以置信"用独立主格her eyes filled with disbelief。若需用arouse，可写：The news aroused such shock that she rose to her feet abruptly. 12. 参考：The documentary aims to arouse public concern about endangered species while raising funds for the reserve.　【解析】arouse concern唤起关注（及物，宾语抽象）；raise funds筹集资金（及物）；while后接现在分词表伴随。 2. bound 1. to win　【解析】be bound to do sth一定会做某事。 2. for　【解析】be bound for + 地点，开往……。 3. is bound　【解析】主语anyone为单数，be bound to do结构。 4. 参考：I'm convinced that you are bound to be struck by the unique landforms of Zhangjiajie.　【解析】be bound to do一定会；be struck by被……打动。 5. 参考：He will take the train bound from Shanghai for Guilin, where he will spend a week sightseeing.　【解析】be bound from…for…从……开往……；where引导非限制性定语从句。 3. freeze 1. freezing　【解析】修饰名词fog用形容词freezing（极冷的）。 2. frozen　【解析】frozen bananas冷冻香蕉，frozen表"冷冻的"。 3. to　【解析】freeze to death冻死，固定搭配。 4. freezing　【解析】修饰名词morning用freezing（极冷的）。 5. frozen　【解析】(be) frozen with terror因恐惧而呆住，frozen为形容词化的过去分词。 6. 参考：Seeing the unbelievable scenery, he stood there frozen with amazement, as if rooted to the ground.　【解析】frozen with amazement因惊讶呆住；as if rooted to the ground仿佛扎根于地，读后续写高频表达。 4. astonish 1. astonished　【解析】an astonished look（人）感到惊讶的表情。注意：修饰人的表情/声音用astonished，修饰事物用astonishing。 2. astonished　【解析】leave sb + adj.使某人处于某种状态；us（人）感到惊讶用astonished。 3. astonishment　【解析】to one's + 名词，to one's astonishment令某人吃惊的是。 4. astonished　【解析】be astonished to do sth，主语we（人）感到惊讶。 5. astonishing　【解析】修饰事物landscape用astonishing（令人惊讶的）。 6. ① We were astonished to find that the small town had developed so rapidly.　【解析】be astonished to do sth。 ② To our astonishment, the small town had developed so rapidly.　【解析】to one's astonishment作状语。 5. owe 1. to　【解析】owe it to sb that…多亏某人……，固定搭配中介词用to。 2. Owing　【解析】owing to由于，介词短语作原因状语，句首大写。 3. that　【解析】owe it to sb that…结构，that引导真正的宾语从句。 4. to　【解析】owe sth to sth把……归功于……，介词to。 5. had been blocked / was blocked　【解析】the mountain pass与block为被动关系；"被堵"发生在"不得不绕行"之前，用过去完成时被动；也可用一般过去时被动was blocked。 6. 参考：Owing to your detailed advice, my trip to the southwest went smoothly. / I owed it to your advice that my trip was a success.　【解析】owing to作原因状语；或owe it to sb that…句型。 6. 重点短语 1. took our breath away / took everyone's breath away　【解析】take one's breath away令人惊叹；描述过去用过去式。 2. Contrary to　【解析】(be) contrary to与……相反，位于句首用形容词短语作状语，首字母大写。 3. out of breath　【解析】out of breath上气不接下气，跑完台阶后的状态。 4. to　【解析】contrary to介词to，后接名词短语。 5. hold our breath　【解析】hold one's breath屏息；过吊桥时屏息会引起晃动，符合语境。 6. 参考：Standing on the mountaintop, the golden wheat fields interwoven with the winding river took my breath away.　【解析】现在分词作状语；take one's breath away令人窒息/惊叹。 ▎ 二、核心句式讲练 1. rather than 1. relying　【解析】rather than位于句首时后接动名词。 2. was　【解析】rather than连接主语时谓语就远一致，主语the expedition leader为单数，过去时用was。 3. walk; wait　【解析】would rather do…than do…结构，均用动词原形。 4. 参考：The tourists chose the scenic railway rather than the expensive flight.　【解析】rather than连接两个名词短语作宾语。 5. 参考：Rather than squeezing through crowds at popular attractions, why not explore lesser-known yet equally magnificent landscapes?　【解析】rather than句首接动名词squeezing；why not do…表建议。 6. are → is　【解析】rather than连接主语，谓语与前面的the teacher保持一致，用单数is。 2. not until 1. that　【解析】It was not until…that…强调句型，that不可省略、不可换when。 2. did　【解析】Not until位于句首，主句部分倒装；一般过去时用助动词did。 3. that　【解析】强调句型that。 4. had been checked / was checked　【解析】Not until从句用陈述语序；equipment与check为被动，"检查完"发生在"出发"之前，用过去完成时被动或一般过去时被动。 5. ① It was not until they had followed the stream for over an hour that the travelers discovered the waterfall.　【解析】强调句，that后用陈述语序。 ② Not until they had followed the stream for over an hour did the travelers discover the waterfall.　【解析】Not until句首，主句倒装did提前。 6. 参考：It was not until I stepped onto the observation deck that I truly understood why countless poets and painters had been captivated by this landscape.　【解析】not until强调句；why引导宾语从句；过去完成时had been captivated表"早已被倾倒"。 3. with复合结构 1. stretching　【解析】fields与stretch为主动关系，用现在分词。 2. made　【解析】preparations与make为被动关系，用过去分词。 3. hanging　【解析】hang表"悬挂"时为不及物动词，lanterns与hang为主动关系，用hanging。 4. to settle　【解析】问题"有待解决"，用不定式to do表将来。 5. blown　【解析】hair与blow为被动关系（被风吹），用过去分词。 6. 参考：As the sun set, with golden light spilling over the lake and the distant peaks shrouded in mist, everything seemed tranquil and magnificent.　【解析】两个with复合结构：light spilling（主动）、peaks shrouded（被动）。 4. 非谓语动词作状语 1. Located　【解析】village与locate为被动关系（be located in），用过去分词作状语。 2. Delighted　【解析】traveler与delight为被动关系（be delighted by），用过去分词作原因状语。 3. Walking　【解析】you与walk为主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语。 4. Compared　【解析】towns与compare为被动关系（be compared with），用过去分词。 5. Not knowing　【解析】hikers与know为主动关系，用现在分词的否定式作原因状语。 6. 参考：Exhausted after a ten-hour drive, the travelers checked into the first hotel they found.　【解析】过去分词exhausted作原因状语，省略because they were。 7. 参考：Standing on the deck, you can enjoy a panoramic view of the valley.　【解析】现在分词standing作时间状语，省略when you are。 ▎ 三、语法填空 1. flying　【解析】rather than后接动名词。 2. it　【解析】knew后接宾语从句，it在从句中作主语，指代前文的this slow journey。 3. the　【解析】冠词，特指火车窗外所见的那片无垠草原。 4. magically　【解析】词形转换，magic的副词形式magically修饰动词rose。 5. whose　【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词lakes，whose beauty = the lakes' beauty，表所属关系。 6. to　【解析】介词，contrary to固定搭配。 7. heated　【解析】with复合结构，compartments与heat为被动关系（被加热），用过去分词。 8. that　【解析】强调句It was not until…that…。 9. to find　【解析】be astonished to do sth固定结构。 10. where　【解析】定语从句，先行词temple在从句中作地点状语，用where。 ▎ 四、写作参考范文 题目一 Dear Chris, Delighted to know that you are planning a trip to southwest China, I'd like to recommend Jiuzhaigou Valley. Located in northern Sichuan, Jiuzhaigou is renowned for its crystal-clear lakes and waterfalls, which boast shades of blue and green that take every visitor's breath away. With snow-capped peaks reflected in the waters, the scenery is simply spectacular. You can hike along the wooden trails and immerse yourself in the local Tibetan culture. I'm convinced that you are bound to fall in love with this natural wonder. Wish you an unforgettable trip! Yours, Li Hua 题目二 Dear Toby, I'm writing to share a different view on traveling in China. Contrary to what you may assume, China offers far more than the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. I highly recommend the ancient town of Lijiang in Yunnan. Nestled at the foot of the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, it boasts cobblestone streets and a Naxi culture dating back a thousand years. Not until you wander through its morning markets will you grasp its charm. Rather than rushing between landmarks, you can simply slow down and enjoy the atmosphere. If you ever visit, I'd be thrilled to show you around. Wish you a great journey! Yours, Li Hua ▎ 五、构词法 1. astonishing　【解析】修饰事物transformation用astonishing（令人惊讶的）。 2. freezing　【解析】修饰名词temperatures用freezing（极冷的）。 3. massive　【解析】mass的形容词形式massive（大规模的），修饰overview。 4. misty　【解析】mist的形容词形式misty（有雾的），修饰mornings。 5. photographer; breathtaking　【解析】第一空指人"摄影师"；第二空修饰images用breathtaking（令人惊叹的）。 6. advertising　【解析】advertising campaign广告宣传活动，advertising作定语。 7. description　【解析】名词所有格guide's后接名词，describe的名词形式description。 8. highlight　【解析】the highlight of……中最精彩的部分，名词单数。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $