Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 过去分词做表语和状语（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦过去分词作表语和状语，构建“概念-用法-应用”三级训练体系，通过分类讲解与梯度练习提升语法应用能力和逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A考点概览|1模块|分类讲解表语（情感/状态）和状语（时间/条件等）用法，归纳系动词及逻辑主语关系|从定义到系动词/逻辑关系，构建语法概念框架| |B专项突破|高考真题2题+单句填空30题+完成句子10题|结合真题解析作状语时与从句转换技巧，单句强化固定搭配（如be interested in）|从基础用法到句式转换，实现知识迁移| |C综合攻坚|语法填空1篇+阅读理解2篇|在语篇中综合运用语法知识，提升语境分析与逻辑推理能力|从单句到语篇，达成语言能力与思维品质协同发展|

Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 核心语法精练（过去分词做表语和状语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、高考真题 2 二、单句语法填空 3 三、完成句子 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 10 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 13 过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语时，放在系动词 后面，构成“主系表” 结构。 常见的系动词包括： be 动词 (am, is, are, was, were) feel (感觉起来)， look (看起来)， seem (似乎)， appear (显得)， sound (听起来)， get (变得)， become (变成) 等。 常见用法： a) 表示人物的情感或心理状态 这类过去分词已经形容词化，通常翻译为“感到...的”。 be interested in (对...感兴趣) be excited about (对...感到兴奋) be surprised at (对...感到惊讶) be tired of (对...感到厌倦) be worried about (为...担心) be disappointed with (对...感到失望) be frightened of (害怕...) be satisfied with (对...满意) b) 表示事物的状态或状况 这类过去分词说明主语（通常是物）所承受的结果或状态。 The window is broken. （窗户是破的。） The city is polluted. （这座城市被污染了。） The job is finished. （工作完成了。） The door remained locked. （门仍然锁着。） 过去分词作状语 1．意义 过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且过去分词与主语之间为动宾关系。 2．过去分词(短语)作状语的句法功能和位置 (1) 过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。 When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you”．(时间状语) 当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“Thank you”或“It's kind of you”。 Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语)如果再给我一次机会，我会干得更好。 Greatly inspired by what he did，I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做的事情的鼓励下，我也加入了帮助他人的行列。 Visited many times，the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语) 虽然已参观了很多次，这个地方仍值得再来。 He has been preparing his paper all day long，locked in his study.(方式状语) 锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。 The guest walked into the room，greeted by the host.(伴随状语) 客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。 (2)过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，中间用逗号隔开。 Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 He stood there silently，moved to tears. ＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里，感动得热泪盈眶。 3．过去分词(短语)作状语的几种情况 (1)过去分词在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。 Seen from the top of the mountain(＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain)，the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。 Encouraged by the progress he has made(＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made)，he works harder. 由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。 (2)过去分词在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。 The teacher came into the room，followed by two students(＝and was followed by two students)． 后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。 He spent the whole afternoon，locked in his study(＝and was locked in his study)． 他把自己锁在书房里度过了一整个下午。 (3)过去分词作状语可与与之对应的状语从句互换。而从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。 Even if I am invited(＝Even if invited)，I will not take part in the party. 即使被邀请，我也不会参加那个宴会。 Unless you are asked to speak(＝Unless asked to speak)，you should remain silent at the meeting. 除非被要求说话，在会上你应该保持沉默。 (4)过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构。过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。 The test finished，we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假了。 More time given，we could have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。 一、高考真题 1.（2026年全国一卷）____62____ (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands which serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. 62. Drawn 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被街头小吃的香味所吸引，他们在热气腾腾的饺子摊和热汤面摊前排起长队。此处作状语，draw(吸引)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；且位于句首，首字母大写。 2．(2021年北京卷)There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 2．caused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。句中已有谓语动词have been，故空处应填非谓语动词作状语，a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填caused。 二、单句语法填空 1．It’s important to get (prepare) not just for success but also for possible failures. 【答案】prepared 【详解】句意：既要为成功做好准备，也要为可能的失败做好准备，这一点很重要。此处考查固定搭配get prepared for，表示“为……做好准备”，符合语境。 2．The temple fair is (locate) in the center of the old town. 【答案】located 【详解】句意：庙会坐落于老城区的中心地带。固定搭配 be located in 为固定短语，意为“位于；坐落于”，所以此处填 located。 3．She felt (entitle) to express her opinion about the festival arrangements. 【答案】entitled 【详解】句意：她觉得自己有权对节日安排发表意见。本句中felt是系动词feel的过去式，空处作表语。entitle意为“使享有权利”，和主语She之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词entitled。 4．They struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting (fine). 【答案】fined 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他们努力保持恒定的速度，因此更有可能超速，并面临被罚款的风险。逻辑主语they和fine之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作表语，get+过去分词，表被动，故填fined。 5．Compared with male graduates, a relatively small number of female graduates can get (employ) when they go job-hunting. 【答案】employed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：与男性毕业生相比，女性毕业生在求职时能够找到工作的人数相对较少。此处表示“被雇用”应用get employed，过去分词表被动，故填employed。 6．In Glasgow city centre, they were (shock)to find two policemen standing next to it. 【答案】shocked 【详解】考查过去分词作表语。句意：在Glasgow市中心，他们震惊地发现旁边站着两名警察。分析句子成分可知，设空处充当表语，所以要用非谓语动词形式；此处形容人感到震惊，所以要用ed形式的过去分词。故填shocked。 7．My younger brother is studying in a high school which is (attach) to Renmin University of China. 【答案】attached 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我弟弟在中国人民大学附属的一所中学上学。根据固定用法“be attached to连在……上，附属于”可知，该空应填过去分词attached作表语。故填attached。 8．Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get (infect). 【答案】infected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要擦拭，因为这样会擦破水泡，伤口会感染。get+过去分词，表被动。根据句意，故填infected。 9．Everyone welcomes new-comers and you won’t feel (leave) out, I promise. 【答案】left 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每个人都欢迎新人，我保证你不会觉得自己被冷落了。表示“感觉被冷落”短语为feel left out。故填left 。 10．It is common for teenagers to feel (misunderstand). These feelings can be thought of as growing pains. 【答案】misunderstood 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：青少年感到被误解是很常见的。这些感受可以看作是成长的烦恼。分析句子可知misunderstand在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语teenagers 构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作表语。故填misunderstood。 11．Of course, parents should watch over their children and protect them from doing harm to themselves or getting (drown) in the water. 【答案】drowned 【详解】考查过去分词做表语。句意：当然，父母们应该看好自己的孩子，避免他们把自己弄伤或者失足落水。分析句子可知，这里get是系动词，所以其后应跟形容词做表语；固定结构：get + 过去分词，“变成......”表示被动关系,故填drowned。 12．While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 【答案】promoted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在等待着被提拔的机会的时候，Henry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。固定搭配“get+动词的过去分词”， get promoted意为“获得提拔”。故填promoted。 13．The girl was (frighten) when seeing a snake moving towards her. （用所给单词适当形式填空） 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那女孩看到一条蛇向她移动时吓坏了。主语为人，所以表语为形容词frightened意为“害怕的”，故填frightened。 14．Compared with living in the city, country life is (prefer) for me. 【答案】preferred/preferable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与住在城市相比，乡村生活更适合我。此处作系动词is的表语用形容词，故填preferred/preferable. 15．This government is (commit) to extending parental choice in education. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：本届政府承诺扩大父母在教育方面的选择权。be committed to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事，承诺做某事”，用过去分词committed做表语。故填committed。 16． (draw) by the aroma of street food, they line up in front of stands that serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 【答案】Drawn 【详解】句意：被街边小吃的香气吸引，他们在售卖热气腾腾的饺子和热汤面的摊位前排队。本句谓语为line up，空格处作状语；主语they与draw是被动关系，应用过去分词。句首单词，首字母大写。 17．She felt peaceful, (surround) by her favorite books and soft music. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】句意：身边环绕着喜爱的书籍与舒缓的乐曲，她内心十分平静。此处surround与she构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。 18． (lead) by a guide, the travelers managed to get to the lake in the centre of the forest. 【答案】Led 【详解】句意：在向导的带领下，旅行者成功抵达了森林中心的湖边。句子已有谓语managed，空处为非谓语，lead“带领”和the travelers逻辑上是被动关系，因此用lead的过去分词形式led，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。 19． (blame) for the breakdown of the computer, Alice was in low spirits. 【答案】Blamed 【详解】句意：被指责导致电脑故障的爱丽丝心情低落。句子主干成分完整，空处作原因状语，blame“责备，指责”和Alice逻辑上是被动关系，因此用blame的过去分词形式，且句首单词的首字母需大写。 20．Jane got lost in the forest and was almost frozen with cold. She stared at the starry sky, (lose) in thought. 【答案】lost 【详解】句意：简在森林里迷了路，几乎冻僵了。她凝视着星空，陷入了沉思。所给词lose与主语She之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词lost作状语，表明主语当前的状态是陷入沉思中。 21． (regard) initially to be an auspicious mascot symbolizing peace and well-being, the Rabbit God carries profound cultural significance. 【答案】Regarded 【详解】句意：兔爷最初被视作象征平安顺遂的吉祥物，承载着深厚的文化内涵。句子谓语为carries，空格作状语；主语the Rabbit God与regard“认为”是被动关系，本空用过去分词，作状语，句首单词，首字母大写。 22．The old man walked slowly, (support) by his grandson. 【答案】supported 【详解】句意：老人被孙子搀扶着，缓缓地走着。句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的伴随状语，support“支撑”和The old man逻辑上是被动关系，应用support的过去分词形式supported。 23．Deeply (attach) to his hometown, he chose to return home. 【答案】attached 【详解】句意：他深深眷恋故土，于是选择返乡。固定搭配be attached to意为“依恋、留恋”，此处为形容词化的过去分词作原因状语，用attached。 24． (limit) to doing low-paid part-time jobs, he still worked hard and tried his best to support his whole family. 【答案】Limited 【详解】句意：尽管被限制只能做低薪兼职工作，他仍然努力工作，尽最大努力养活全家。空处是非谓语动词，作状语，与逻辑主语he之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词limited，位于句首，首字母应大写。 25． (bury) in the research on ancient poems, she didn’t notice that it was already dark outside. 【答案】Buried 【详解】句意：由于埋头于古诗的研究，她没有注意到外面天已经黑了。空处为非谓语动词作状语，固定搭配be buried in表示“埋头于、专心致志于”，所以此处省掉be动词，用过去分词作原因状语。注意首字母大写。 26．James Barry was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, (dress) as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. 【答案】dressed 【详解】句意：詹姆斯・巴里原名玛格丽特・巴克利，出生于爱尔兰，但她女扮男装后，被爱丁堡大学录取攻读医学。此空考查非谓语动词，逻辑主语she与dress构成逻辑被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作伴随状语。 27． (establish) in 1989, the school has educated thousands of students. 【答案】Established 【详解】句意：这所学校建立于1989年，已教育了数千名学生。本空作状语，主语the school与establish之间为被动关系（学校被建立），用过去分词established，且位于句首首字母须大写。 28． (Surprise) at the news, she couldn’t say a word. 【答案】Surprised 【详解】句意：听到这个消息她很惊讶，一句话也说不出来。be surprised at...表示“对……感到惊讶”，这里用形容词Surprised作状语，首字母大写。 29．He walked into the classroom, (greet) by his classmates’ cheerful “Good morning”. 【答案】greeted 【详解】句意：他走进教室，被同学们欢快的“早上好”问候着。句中已有谓语动词walked，空处用非谓语动词，greet和逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。 30． (accustom) to getting up early, he often takes a walk in the park before starting work. 【答案】Accustomed 【详解】be accustomed to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“习惯做某事”，此处用过去分词短语Accustomed to getting up early作原因状语，首字母大写。 三、完成句子 31．The committee was ________ ________ representatives from both the public and private sectors. 委员会由政府和私人部门两方的代表组成。 【答案】 comprised of 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“由……组成”应用短语be comprised of，此处用过去分词作表语。故填①comprised②of。 32．我们每天对他的健康表示关心。 We ________ ________ ________ his health every day. 【答案】 are concerned about 【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给出的句子，结合汉语提示，可推出是“be concerned about”，对……关心，时间状语every day，应用一般现在时，主语是we，be动词应用复数形式。故答案为are concerned about。 33．沉迷于网络的人在现实生活中通常不活跃。 People who are _________ _________ the Internet often become inactive in real life. 【答案】 addicted to 【详解】考查固定短语。根据汉语提示“沉迷于”可知，句中涉及固定短语“be addicted to…”，意为“沉迷于……”，故空格处应填“addicted to”。故填addicted to。 34．________________, I felt the need to see, hug my brother and make sure he was all right. 我当场被吓呆了，我觉得有必要看看，拥抱我的弟弟，确保他没事。 【答案】Scared and frozen on the spot 【详解】表示“当场被吓呆”可用短语be scared and frozen on the spot，逗号后是一个完整的句子，前后没有连词，所以此处用过去分词作状语，表示主语的状态；句首单词首字母大写，此处应填Scared and frozen on the spot。 35．被最亲密的朋友辜负后，他想放弃他们的友谊。 _____________ by his closest friend, he would like to _____________ their friendship. 【答案】 Let down let go of 【详解】第一空表示“被辜负”为be let down，过去分词作状语；第二空表示“放弃”短语为let go of，且上文为短语would like to do sth.。 36．________________, the earth looks like a blue globe. 从太空看，地球宛如一颗蓝色的球体。 【答案】Seen from the space 【详解】表示“看”应用see，此处为非谓语动词作状语，the earth和see为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式seen，表示“从太空看”应用from the space，句首单词首字母大写。 37．他的腿像灌了铅，被内疚压得重得挪不开步。 His legs felt like lead, too heavy to move, _________________. 【答案】weighed down by guilt 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表示“被内疚压得”，“被某种情绪压得沉重”可用动词短语weigh down，“内疚”可用名词guilt，用介词by引出动作的发出者guilt，weigh down和His legs逻辑上是被动关系，因此用weigh的过去分词形式，作状语。 38．令凯伦惊讶的是，迈克尔沉浸在故事细节中，情不自禁地哭了起来。 To Karen’s surprise, Michael, ___________________________ of the story, began to cry uncontrollably. 【答案】(who was) absorbed in the details 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“沉浸在（故事）细节中”。“沉浸在”常见表达为“be absorbed in” ；此处可以用定语从句来修饰先行词Michael，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，用who引导，从句描述过去的状态，用一般过去时，be动词用was；也可以用非谓语动词形式，Michael和absorb之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语“absorbed in the details”作后置定语。 39．投身于无声喜剧艺术, 卓别林创造出了他标志性的“流浪汉”角色。 ________ ________the art of silent comedy, Charlie Chaplin created his iconic Tramp character. 【答案】 Devoted/Committed to 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“投身于”短语为be devoted/committed to，过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Devoted/Committed to。 40．以一个真实的故事为基础，这部电影很受欢迎。 __________ __________ a true story, the film is very popular. 【答案】 Based on 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“以……为基础”，是固定短语be based on，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，由be based on可知，空格处用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Based；on。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二下·山东东营·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Tanzhesi, Beijing, an ancient town named after the historical Tanzhe Temple, a lively coffee festival was held. A long line of people, especially cyclists, 1 (snake) away from the Snow Peak Cafe's stand, waiting patiently for a taste of their 2 (tailor) offerings — electrolyte Americano (电解质美式咖啡). This scene is showing a quiet revolution 3 modern lifestyle is integrated with rural development in the capital's western suburbs. Last month saw the Tanzhesi Town Coffee Culture Festival 4 (feature) Snow Peak Café, one of several brands that have established 5 (they) in the town in recent years. “This particular product was created specifically for cyclists after intense physical exertion, to help refresh their bodies and energy,” says Zhu Mingbo, owner of the cafe. Its special offerings have earned the cafe widespread 6 (recognize) among the cycling community. “The rise of coffee here was 7 natural effect. At first, it might have just been people bringing their own cups while cycling or sightseeing,” says Zhu. The local administration then picked up on this trend and rolled out 8 (favor) policies to support the local coffee business. The coffee-driven approach is yielding positive results: the town attracted more than 3 million visitors last year. Using coffee as a small 9 powerful point of entry, the festival represents an important step toward building a national-level tourism resort, highlighting the mix of traditional culture and contemporary lifestyles, and strengthening its identity 10 a destination for creative rural development. 【答案】 1．snaked/were snaking/was snaking 2．tailored 3．where 4．featuring 5．themselves 6．recognition 7．a 8．favorable 9．but 10．as 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京潭柘寺镇借咖啡文化节，将特色咖啡业态融入乡村旅游，以“小切口”推动传统与现代融合，助力乡村振兴。 1．考查动词时态。句意：一长队人，尤其是骑行者，从雪峰咖啡的摊位蜿蜒而出，耐心等待着品尝他们量身定制的饮品——电解质美式咖啡。空处为句子的谓语，根据上下文语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事件，应用一般过去时，snake作动词时意为“蜿蜒前行”，其过去式为snaked；或结合下文This scene，可看作本句描述过去正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，主语是A long line of people，看作整体或强调个体，be动词使用were或was均可。 2．考查形容词。句意同上。空处用于名词offerings之前，应用形容词tailored“量身定制的”，作定语。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这一场景正展示着一场静悄悄的革命，在这场革命中，现代生活方式与首都西郊的乡村发展相融合。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为revolution，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：上个月，以雪峰咖啡馆（近年来在该镇落户的品牌之一）为特色的潭柘寺镇咖啡文化节举行。空处为宾语the Tanzhesi Town Coffee Culture Festival的后置定语，feature与festival之间为主动关系，应用现在分词featuring作定语。 5．考查反身代词。句意同上。空处作established的宾语，指代主语several brands，应用反身代词themselves，establish oneself意为“立足，安顿下来”。 6．考查名词。句意：它的特色产品为这家咖啡馆在骑行圈赢得了广泛的认可。空处作earned的宾语，且被形容词widespread修饰，应用名词recognition“认可”，为不可数名词。 7．考查冠词。句意：咖啡在这里的兴起是一个自然而然的结果。空处修饰可数名词单数effect，表泛指，且natural的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 8．考查形容词。句意：随后，当地管理部门捕捉到这一趋势，推出了扶持政策以支持当地咖啡产业。空处用于名词policies之前，应用形容词favorable“有利的，优惠的”作定语。 9．考查连词。句意：使用咖啡作为一个微小却有力的切入点，该文化节是迈向建设国家级旅游度假区的重要一步，突出了传统文化和当代生活方式的融合，并加强了其作为创意农村发展目的地的身份。空处连接形容词small和powerful，两者为转折对比关系，应用连词but连接。 10．考查介词。句意同上。空处表示“作为，以……身份”，应用介词as。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二下·广东湛江·期末）One of the most amazing experiences of our Round-The-World trip was spending a night in the Amazon rainforest. Our adventures started on a sunny morning when we got off from our boat in Santarém after a three and a half day boat trip on the Amazon. Our guide Gil, whom we contacted weeks earlier, was waiting for us in the port. We were worried, as the boat trip took a day more than expected, and we didn’t have any chance to communicate with Gil, but fortunately he was prepared for our late arrival. Gil was brought up in the thick forest, so he knows all secrets of this incredibly rich environment. With no tracks, we had to cut through the jungle to search for a place to spend the night. After a couple of hours, we found a big tree ideal to attach the hammocks (吊床) to. We cleared ground and hung up our hammocks. It was dark when we made fire for dinner. Gil stuck some branches of a tree to pieces of chicken and we cooked them in the fire. It tasted great with special cooking spice. When the fire was out, complete darkness came upon us, and this was the moment when the jungle around woke up. We started to hear louder and louder the noise of crickets, scorpions, small birds and monkeys which were jumping from tree to tree just above our heads. Many times we woke up during the night, when small branches or leaves fell into our hammocks. We could not sleep deeply, but we enjoyed listening to the music of the rainforest, which was an unbelievable experience. We got up at 4 AM to see the sunrise from a very special place. We listened again to the sound of the roaring monkeys, and we were left breathless seeing the sunrise over the jungle. On the way out of the jungle, we saw a deer crossing the road. 1．Why did the author feel worried in the first paragraph? A．They failed to find the port in time. B．Their boat arrived later than planned. C．They lost contact with Gil on the way. D．They met bad weather on the journey. 2．Which of the following best describes Gil? A．Shy and well-organized. B．Experienced and reliable. C．Knowledgeable and smart. D．Adventurous and humorous. 3．What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning “the music of the rainforest” in paragraph 3? A．Their sleepless night. B．The fear of the jungle. C．The noisy environment. D．The unique charm of the jungle. 4．Where does the passage probably come from? A．A news report. B．A travel guide. C．A travel journal. D．A geography textbook. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】文章主要记叙了作者环球旅行期间，在亚马逊雨林过夜的一次奇妙野外冒险经历，详细讲述了行程波折、雨林扎营、夜间见闻与清晨观赏日出的全过程。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“We were worried, as the boat trip took a day more than expected, and we didn’t have any chance to communicate with Gil, but fortunately he was prepared for our late arrival.(我们很担心，因为乘船行程比预期多花了一天，我们没有任何机会和Gil取得联系，但幸运的是，他已经为我们的迟到做好了准备)”可知，作者一行人担忧的原因是船只抵达时间晚于原定计划。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“We were worried, as the boat trip took a day more than expected, and we didn’t have any chance to communicate with Gil, but fortunately he was prepared for our late arrival.(我们很担心，因为乘船行程比预期多花了一天，我们没有任何机会和Gil取得联系，但幸运的是，他已经为我们的迟到做好了准备)”以及第二段“Gil was brought up in the thick forest, so he knows all secrets of this incredibly rich environment.(Gil在茂密的雨林中长大，所以他知晓这片物产极其丰富环境下的所有奥秘)”可知，Gil有经验且值得信赖。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“We could not sleep deeply, but we enjoyed listening to the music of the rainforest, which was an unbelievable experience.(我们无法熟睡，但我们很享受聆听雨林的乐曲，这是一段难以置信的经历)”可知，作者将雨林各类生物的声响比作乐曲，意在凸显雨林独有的魅力与特色。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“One of the most amazing experiences of our Round-The-World trip was spending a night in the Amazon rainforest.(我们环球旅行中最令人惊叹的经历之一，就是在亚马逊雨林过夜)”可知，全文以第一人称亲身视角记录旅途经历、个人感受与游玩细节，属于旅行日记文体。 （25-26高二下·河北衡水·期末）Thirty years ago, travel relied entirely on offline resources and manual arrangements (人工安排). Without smart devices, precise GPS or convenient online booking services, tourists could only plan trips with paper maps and traditional travel agencies, leaving little room for temporary changes or flexible adjustments. Today, rapid technological innovation, especially the booming development of AI and wearable devices, has completely revolutionized the whole travel experience, bringing travelers remarkable practical conveniences as well as some easily overlooked weak points. The latest travel tech breakthrough comes from intelligent wearable translation devices. The 2025 upgraded AirPods, equipped with powerful offline AI translation functions, can serve as instant personal interpreters for global travelers anytime and anywhere. Compared with traditional translation tools that are slow and inaccurate, modern AI-powered devices feature extremely fast response speed and high translation accuracy, effectively breaking down the long-standing language barriers in cross-border travel. Meanwhile, mature VR technology allows tourists to preview hotel facilities and scenic landscapes in advance, greatly reducing travel uncertainty and avoiding unexpected troubles during trips. AI also systematically optimizes (使最优化) the whole travel arrangements and service system. Nearly half of European travelers turn to AI tools to design personalized travel routes, while airlines and hotels flexibly apply AI to adjust services and prices based on real-time demand. Airports adopt 3D scanners and facial recognition systems to simplify security checks, removing liquid and laptop inspection rules and greatly streamlining (精简) travel procedures. However, the rapid tech boom has triggered unavoidable new problems. Viral scenic spots promoted by social media suffer from severe over-tourism, disturbing local residents’ lives and damaging fragile local ecosystems. Besides, excessive dependence on intelligent technology causes widespread tech tiredness and weakens face-to-face human interaction during travel. Online bookings and automatic services make in-person communication increasingly rare. Industry experts note that modern travelers are becoming sensible and selective about tech use. The future of travel tech lies in targeted, purposeful application that improves travel experience rather than distracting travelers. Ultimately, balanced and inclusive tech use will lead the new stage of global travel development. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Modern travel technology brings great convenience to tourists only. B．Traditional travel agencies have disappeared because of online services. C．Travelers nowadays fail to make any flexible changes to their journeys. D．AI and wearable devices have greatly changed people’s way of travelling. 2．What can we infer about VR tech for travelers? A．It limits their options. B．It reduces their doubts. C．It cuts their travel costs. D．It replaces their real trips. 3．What is a positive result of the travel tech boom? A．More human contact. B．Lower tech demands. C．Fewer tourist attractions. D．Faster travel security check process. 4．What is the core idea of future travel tech? A．Selective tech use. B．Full tech coverage. C．Blind tech upgrading. D．Complete tech rejection. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】文章对比了过去与现在旅行方式的变化，重点讨论了智能翻译、VR、AI等技术为旅行带来的便利，同时也指出了过度依赖科技导致的过度旅游、科技疲劳等问题，并提出了未来科技应有针对性地应用的观点。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Thirty years ago, travel relied entirely on offline resources and manual arrangements (人工安排). Without smart devices, precise GPS or convenient online booking services, tourists could only plan trips with paper maps and traditional travel agencies, leaving little room for temporary changes or flexible adjustments. Today, rapid technological innovation, especially the booming development of AI and wearable devices, has completely revolutionized the whole travel experience, bringing travelers remarkable practical conveniences as well as some easily overlooked weak points.(三十年前，旅行完全依赖线下资源和人工安排。没有智能设备、精准的GPS定位或便捷的在线预订服务，游客只能依靠纸质地图和传统旅行社来规划行程，临时变更或灵活调整的空间十分有限。如今，快速的技术创新，尤其是人工智能和可穿戴设备的迅猛发展，彻底改变了整个旅行体验，为旅行者带来了显著的实用便利，同时也暴露了一些容易被忽视的不足之处)”可知，人工智能和可穿戴设备极大地改变了人们的出行方式。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Meanwhile, mature VR technology allows tourists to preview hotel facilities and scenic landscapes in advance, greatly reducing travel uncertainty and avoiding unexpected troubles during trips.(与此同时，成熟的VR技术使游客能够提前预览酒店设施和风景景观，大幅降低旅行不确定性，避免旅途中的意外麻烦)”可知，VR技术减少了旅行的不确定性，即减少了疑虑。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Airports adopt 3D scanners and facial recognition systems to simplify security checks, removing liquid and laptop inspection rules and greatly streamlining (精简) travel procedures.(机场采用3D扫描仪和人脸识别系统来简化安检流程，取消了液体和笔记本电脑的检查规定，大幅精简了出行流程)”可知，旅行科技繁荣的一个积极结果是安检更快了。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The future of travel tech lies in targeted, purposeful application that improves travel experience rather than distracting travelers.(旅行科技的未来在于有针对性的、有目的的应用，以提升旅行体验，而非分散旅客的注意力)”可知，未来旅行科技的核心理念是有选择性地使用科技。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 核心语法精练（过去分词做表语和状语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、高考真题 2 二、单句语法填空 3 三、完成句子 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 10 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 13 过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语时，放在系动词 后面，构成“主系表” 结构。 常见的系动词包括： be 动词 (am, is, are, was, were) feel (感觉起来)， look (看起来)， seem (似乎)， appear (显得)， sound (听起来)， get (变得)， become (变成) 等。 常见用法： a) 表示人物的情感或心理状态 这类过去分词已经形容词化，通常翻译为“感到...的”。 be interested in (对...感兴趣) be excited about (对...感到兴奋) be surprised at (对...感到惊讶) be tired of (对...感到厌倦) be worried about (为...担心) be disappointed with (对...感到失望) be frightened of (害怕...) be satisfied with (对...满意) b) 表示事物的状态或状况 这类过去分词说明主语（通常是物）所承受的结果或状态。 The window is broken. （窗户是破的。） The city is polluted. （这座城市被污染了。） The job is finished. （工作完成了。） The door remained locked. （门仍然锁着。） 过去分词作状语 1．意义 过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且过去分词与主语之间为动宾关系。 2．过去分词(短语)作状语的句法功能和位置 (1) 过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。 When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you”．(时间状语) 当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“Thank you”或“It's kind of you”。 Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语)如果再给我一次机会，我会干得更好。 Greatly inspired by what he did，I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做的事情的鼓励下，我也加入了帮助他人的行列。 Visited many times，the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语) 虽然已参观了很多次，这个地方仍值得再来。 He has been preparing his paper all day long，locked in his study.(方式状语) 锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。 The guest walked into the room，greeted by the host.(伴随状语) 客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。 (2)过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，中间用逗号隔开。 Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 He stood there silently，moved to tears. ＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里，感动得热泪盈眶。 3．过去分词(短语)作状语的几种情况 (1)过去分词在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。 Seen from the top of the mountain(＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain)，the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。 Encouraged by the progress he has made(＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made)，he works harder. 由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。 (2)过去分词在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。 The teacher came into the room，followed by two students(＝and was followed by two students)． 后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。 He spent the whole afternoon，locked in his study(＝and was locked in his study)． 他把自己锁在书房里度过了一整个下午。 (3)过去分词作状语可与与之对应的状语从句互换。而从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。 Even if I am invited(＝Even if invited)，I will not take part in the party. 即使被邀请，我也不会参加那个宴会。 Unless you are asked to speak(＝Unless asked to speak)，you should remain silent at the meeting. 除非被要求说话，在会上你应该保持沉默。 (4)过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构。过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。 The test finished，we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假了。 More time given，we could have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。 一、高考真题 1.（2026年全国一卷）____62____ (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands which serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. 2．(2021年北京卷)There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 二、单句语法填空 1．It’s important to get (prepare) not just for success but also for possible failures. 2．The temple fair is (locate) in the center of the old town. 3．She felt (entitle) to express her opinion about the festival arrangements. 4．They struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting (fine). 5．Compared with male graduates, a relatively small number of female graduates can get (employ) when they go job-hunting. 6．In Glasgow city centre, they were (shock)to find two policemen standing next to it. 7．My younger brother is studying in a high school which is (attach) to Renmin University of China. 8．Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get (infect). 9．Everyone welcomes new-comers and you won’t feel (leave) out, I promise. 10．It is common for teenagers to feel (misunderstand). These feelings can be thought of as growing pains. 11．Of course, parents should watch over their children and protect them from doing harm to themselves or getting (drown) in the water. 12．While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 13．The girl was (frighten) when seeing a snake moving towards her. （用所给单词适当形式填空） 14．Compared with living in the city, country life is (prefer) for me. 15．This government is (commit) to extending parental choice in education. 16． (draw) by the aroma of street food, they line up in front of stands that serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 17．She felt peaceful, (surround) by her favorite books and soft music. 18． (lead) by a guide, the travelers managed to get to the lake in the centre of the forest. 19． (blame) for the breakdown of the computer, Alice was in low spirits. 20．Jane got lost in the forest and was almost frozen with cold. She stared at the starry sky, (lose) in thought. 21． (regard) initially to be an auspicious mascot symbolizing peace and well-being, the Rabbit God carries profound cultural significance. 22．The old man walked slowly, (support) by his grandson. 23．Deeply (attach) to his hometown, he chose to return home. 24． (limit) to doing low-paid part-time jobs, he still worked hard and tried his best to support his whole family. 25． (bury) in the research on ancient poems, she didn’t notice that it was already dark outside. 26．James Barry was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, (dress) as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. 27． (establish) in 1989, the school has educated thousands of students. 28． (Surprise) at the news, she couldn’t say a word. 29．He walked into the classroom, (greet) by his classmates’ cheerful “Good morning”. 30． (accustom) to getting up early, he often takes a walk in the park before starting work. 三、完成句子 31．The committee was ________ ________ representatives from both the public and private sectors. 委员会由政府和私人部门两方的代表组成。 32．我们每天对他的健康表示关心。 We ________ ________ ________ his health every day. 33．沉迷于网络的人在现实生活中通常不活跃。 People who are _________ _________ the Internet often become inactive in real life. 34．________________, I felt the need to see, hug my brother and make sure he was all right. 我当场被吓呆了，我觉得有必要看看，拥抱我的弟弟，确保他没事。 35．被最亲密的朋友辜负后，他想放弃他们的友谊。 _____________ by his closest friend, he would like to _____________ their friendship. 36．________________, the earth looks like a blue globe. 从太空看，地球宛如一颗蓝色的球体。 37．他的腿像灌了铅，被内疚压得重得挪不开步。 His legs felt like lead, too heavy to move, _________________. 38．令凯伦惊讶的是，迈克尔沉浸在故事细节中，情不自禁地哭了起来。 To Karen’s surprise, Michael, ___________________________ of the story, began to cry uncontrollably. 39．投身于无声喜剧艺术, 卓别林创造出了他标志性的“流浪汉”角色。 ________ ________the art of silent comedy, Charlie Chaplin created his iconic Tramp character. 40．以一个真实的故事为基础，这部电影很受欢迎。 __________ __________ a true story, the film is very popular. 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二下·山东东营·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Tanzhesi, Beijing, an ancient town named after the historical Tanzhe Temple, a lively coffee festival was held. A long line of people, especially cyclists, 1 (snake) away from the Snow Peak Cafe's stand, waiting patiently for a taste of their 2 (tailor) offerings — electrolyte Americano (电解质美式咖啡). This scene is showing a quiet revolution 3 modern lifestyle is integrated with rural development in the capital's western suburbs. Last month saw the Tanzhesi Town Coffee Culture Festival 4 (feature) Snow Peak Café, one of several brands that have established 5 (they) in the town in recent years. “This particular product was created specifically for cyclists after intense physical exertion, to help refresh their bodies and energy,” says Zhu Mingbo, owner of the cafe. Its special offerings have earned the cafe widespread 6 (recognize) among the cycling community. “The rise of coffee here was 7 natural effect. At first, it might have just been people bringing their own cups while cycling or sightseeing,” says Zhu. The local administration then picked up on this trend and rolled out 8 (favor) policies to support the local coffee business. The coffee-driven approach is yielding positive results: the town attracted more than 3 million visitors last year. Using coffee as a small 9 powerful point of entry, the festival represents an important step toward building a national-level tourism resort, highlighting the mix of traditional culture and contemporary lifestyles, and strengthening its identity 10 a destination for creative rural development. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二下·广东湛江·期末）One of the most amazing experiences of our Round-The-World trip was spending a night in the Amazon rainforest. Our adventures started on a sunny morning when we got off from our boat in Santarém after a three and a half day boat trip on the Amazon. Our guide Gil, whom we contacted weeks earlier, was waiting for us in the port. We were worried, as the boat trip took a day more than expected, and we didn’t have any chance to communicate with Gil, but fortunately he was prepared for our late arrival. Gil was brought up in the thick forest, so he knows all secrets of this incredibly rich environment. With no tracks, we had to cut through the jungle to search for a place to spend the night. After a couple of hours, we found a big tree ideal to attach the hammocks (吊床) to. We cleared ground and hung up our hammocks. It was dark when we made fire for dinner. Gil stuck some branches of a tree to pieces of chicken and we cooked them in the fire. It tasted great with special cooking spice. When the fire was out, complete darkness came upon us, and this was the moment when the jungle around woke up. We started to hear louder and louder the noise of crickets, scorpions, small birds and monkeys which were jumping from tree to tree just above our heads. Many times we woke up during the night, when small branches or leaves fell into our hammocks. We could not sleep deeply, but we enjoyed listening to the music of the rainforest, which was an unbelievable experience. We got up at 4 AM to see the sunrise from a very special place. We listened again to the sound of the roaring monkeys, and we were left breathless seeing the sunrise over the jungle. On the way out of the jungle, we saw a deer crossing the road. 1．Why did the author feel worried in the first paragraph? A．They failed to find the port in time. B．Their boat arrived later than planned. C．They lost contact with Gil on the way. D．They met bad weather on the journey. 2．Which of the following best describes Gil? A．Shy and well-organized. B．Experienced and reliable. C．Knowledgeable and smart. D．Adventurous and humorous. 3．What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning “the music of the rainforest” in paragraph 3? A．Their sleepless night. B．The fear of the jungle. C．The noisy environment. D．The unique charm of the jungle. 4．Where does the passage probably come from? A．A news report. B．A travel guide. C．A travel journal. D．A geography textbook. （25-26高二下·河北衡水·期末）Thirty years ago, travel relied entirely on offline resources and manual arrangements (人工安排). Without smart devices, precise GPS or convenient online booking services, tourists could only plan trips with paper maps and traditional travel agencies, leaving little room for temporary changes or flexible adjustments. Today, rapid technological innovation, especially the booming development of AI and wearable devices, has completely revolutionized the whole travel experience, bringing travelers remarkable practical conveniences as well as some easily overlooked weak points. The latest travel tech breakthrough comes from intelligent wearable translation devices. The 2025 upgraded AirPods, equipped with powerful offline AI translation functions, can serve as instant personal interpreters for global travelers anytime and anywhere. Compared with traditional translation tools that are slow and inaccurate, modern AI-powered devices feature extremely fast response speed and high translation accuracy, effectively breaking down the long-standing language barriers in cross-border travel. Meanwhile, mature VR technology allows tourists to preview hotel facilities and scenic landscapes in advance, greatly reducing travel uncertainty and avoiding unexpected troubles during trips. AI also systematically optimizes (使最优化) the whole travel arrangements and service system. Nearly half of European travelers turn to AI tools to design personalized travel routes, while airlines and hotels flexibly apply AI to adjust services and prices based on real-time demand. Airports adopt 3D scanners and facial recognition systems to simplify security checks, removing liquid and laptop inspection rules and greatly streamlining (精简) travel procedures. However, the rapid tech boom has triggered unavoidable new problems. Viral scenic spots promoted by social media suffer from severe over-tourism, disturbing local residents’ lives and damaging fragile local ecosystems. Besides, excessive dependence on intelligent technology causes widespread tech tiredness and weakens face-to-face human interaction during travel. Online bookings and automatic services make in-person communication increasingly rare. Industry experts note that modern travelers are becoming sensible and selective about tech use. The future of travel tech lies in targeted, purposeful application that improves travel experience rather than distracting travelers. Ultimately, balanced and inclusive tech use will lead the new stage of global travel development. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Modern travel technology brings great convenience to tourists only. B．Traditional travel agencies have disappeared because of online services. C．Travelers nowadays fail to make any flexible changes to their journeys. D．AI and wearable devices have greatly changed people’s way of travelling. 2．What can we infer about VR tech for travelers? A．It limits their options. B．It reduces their doubts. C．It cuts their travel costs. D．It replaces their real trips. 3．What is a positive result of the travel tech boom? A．More human contact. B．Lower tech demands. C．Fewer tourist attractions. D．Faster travel security check process. 4．What is the core idea of future travel tech? A．Selective tech use. B．Full tech coverage. C．Blind tech upgrading. D．Complete tech rejection. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $