Unit 1 This is me（02语法巩固）（词汇语法复习）2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册

该初中英语单元知识清单聚焦八年级外研版Unit 1“现在完成时”语法巩固，涵盖基本结构、时间状语、动词过去分词构成三大核心语法点，配套单项选择、填空、完成句子等能力提升练习，搭建从基础回顾到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“规则与不规则动词分词分类表”“时间状语应用列表”系统呈现知识体系，如将“since+时间点”“for+时间段”等高频状语单独标注，结合“借自行车”“参观博物馆”等真实语境练习，提升学生语言能力与思维品质。特别设计“易混时态对比题”（如第2题过去时与现在完成时辨析），帮助学生扫清盲区，既便于自主复习，也为教师教学设计提供精准素材。

2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语词单元汇与语法巩固(外研版2024) Unit 1 This is me语法巩固 目录 第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习 第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 要点回顾 现在完成时 (1) 现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在有某种影响;也可以表示到目前为止已经完成的动作。其谓语动词由have/has+动词的过去分词构成。 一、基本结构 肯定句 主语+have/has+ 过去分词+其他 否定句 主语+have/has + not + 过去分词+其他 一般 疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 特殊 疑问句 疑问词+ have/has+主语+过去分词+其他? 二、现在完成时的时间状语 常用的有just, yet, ever, never, already, so far, by now, until now, since+时间点/一般过去时句子,时间段+ago, for+时间段,in the past+时间段,twice, three times等。 三、动词过去分词的构成 规则动词的过去分词 大多数在词尾直接加-ed visit—visited 以e结尾的动词在后面直接加-d live—lived 以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词, 要变y为i, 再加-ed try—tried 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词 AAA型 cut—cut—cut ABB型 make—made—made ABC型 see—saw—seen ◇Part 02 能力提升 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．I ________ my hair short. It feels so cool in summer. A．am cutting B．cut C．will cut D．have cut 2．It was the first time that I ________ my true feelings in front of others. A．show B．showed C．have shown D．had shown 3．—________ you ever  ________ the movie Hi, Mom? —Yes, I ________ it with my parents last Spring Festival. A．Did; see; have seen B．Have; seen; saw C．Did; see; saw D．Have; seen; have seen 4．How long ________ you ________ (study) English? A．do; study B．have; studied C．are; studying D．did; study 5．—How long ________ you ________ the old photo? —Since I was ten years old. A．have; kept B．have; bought C．did; keep D．do; buy 6．The local government ________ many measures to stop sandstorms, and the environment here ________ much better in the past few years. A．took; becomes B．has taken; has become C．takes; became D．will take; will become 7． —Can I borrow your bike? —Sorry, I ________ it to Li Lei. He ________ it for two days. A．lent; has kept B．borrowed; has borrowed C．lent; has borrowed D．borrowed; has kept 8．I ________ the Reading Club since last September. A．joined B．have joined C．have been in D．join 9．—Have you ________ visited the new library?     —Yes, I went there last week. A．already B．ever C．never D．yet 10．—________ you ever ________ to the city science museum? —Yes, I ________ there with my classmates last winter holiday. A．Did; go; went B．Have; been; went C．Have; been; have been D．Did; go; have been 11．—Have you ________ been to the mountain village? —No, ________. I hope I can visit it one day. A．ever; never B．already; ever C．yet; never D．just; yet 12．Great changes ________ in the town since 1988. A．have taken place B．have been taken place C．has taken place D．has been taken place 13．—Hello, Linda, this is Aunt Zhang speaking! Could you tell your mother to come to my birthday party tomorrow evening? —I’m afraid not. She ________Thailand for a trip and she’ll be back on Sunday. A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．goes to 14．—Where is Mr. Wu? I haven’t seen him for several days. —He has ________ America and he ________ from his home since last week. A．been in; has left B．gone to; has left C．gone to; has been away D．been in; has been away 15．He ________ in this farm factory for six years, and he ________ here in 2020. A．worked; came B．has worked; came C．has worked; has come D．works; comes 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 16．My little brother ________ (dream) of becoming an astronaut since he was five. 17．Our hometown ________ (change) a lot since I left here ten years ago. 18．He ________ (leave) his hometown for 5 years. 19．Lei Feng ________ (die) for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. 20．My parents ________ (marry) for 16 years, so they know each other very well. 21．She ________ (borrow) the book from the library for 3 months and it is time to return it. 22．Lots of wild animals ________ (suffer) from pollution over the past ten years. 23．The lives of local people ________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once were. 24．The number of endangered animals ________ (increase) quickly these years. 25．The story ________ (inspire) thousands of teenagers to carry on old arts so far. 26．Jack’s collection of movie posters ________ (grow) bigger and bigger over the years. 27．Their hard work ________ (provide) the world with lots of new information. 28．—________ he ________ (finish) his public welfare work? —Yes, he ________ (finish) it last month. 29．—Where is Li Hua? —He ________ (go) to sell farm products online. He ________ (be) away for four hours. 30．—Where is Mr. Smith these days? I haven’t _________ (see) him for nearly half a month. —Oh, he _________ (be) in Shanghai for a week and he will return to Harbin in three days. 三、完成句子 31．他去过上海两次，但是他爸爸去上海了。 He ________ ________ ________ Shanghai twice, but his father ________ ________ ________ Shanghai. 32．我去过省会三次，每次都会购买当地特色农产品。 I ________ ________ ________ the provincial capital three times, and I bought local special agricultural products every time. 33．自从上初中以来，我在英语方面取得了很大进步。 I ________ ________ great ________ ________ English since I started junior high. 34．自从2010年以来，这个村子的村民已经从新政策中获益良多。 ________ 2010, the villagers in this village ________ ________ a lot ________ the new policy. 35．Cathy和Amy已经两年没有回过家乡了。她们非常想念她们的家乡并且希望明年能回去。 Cathy and Amy ________ ________ ________ to their hometown for two years. They miss their hometown a lot and hope to return to the place next year. 36．历史从未如此接近人们的日常生活。 History has never ________ ________ ________ ________ people’s daily lives. 37．自从三年前搬到这个社区，他就一直在帮需要帮助的老人修理家电。 He has been helping the elderly in need repair household appliances ________ ________ he moved to this neighbourhood three years ago. 38．自唐代以来，醒狮舞就变得非常流行了。 It ________  ________  ________ since the Tang Dynasty. 39．这位青年钢琴家把自己的青春奉献给了古典音乐教育。 The young pianist ________ ________ his youth ________ classical music education. 40．她坚持做志愿服务已有五年，从未间断过。 She ________ ________ ________ voluntary work for five years without any interruption. 41．高速铁路已为所有乘客缩短了旅行时间。 The high-speed railway has already _________ _________ _________ _________ for all passengers. 42．到目前为止，政府已经为贫困儿童提供了许多帮助。 ________ ________, the government ________ ________ lots of help ________ poor children. 43．随着科技的发展，人们的生活条件已经大大改善。 ________ ________ ________ ________ technology, people’s ________ ________ have ________ greatly. 44．在过去的三十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes ________ ________ ________ in my hometown ________ ________ ________ thirty years. 45．——你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ ——是的，我去过。 — ________ you ever ________ ________ a science museum? — Yes, ________ ________. 四、句型转换 46．“Don’t give up,” the teacher said to me.(合并为间接引语) The teacher told me ________ _______ give up. 47．I enjoy painting. It makes me relaxed. (用because合并句子) I enjoy painting ________ ________ ________ me relaxed. 48．Self‑acceptance brings us more confidence in our daily life. (改为一般疑问句) ________ self‑acceptance ________ you more confidence in your daily life? 49．It is time to learn to accept our true selves. (改为否定句) It ________ ________ time to learn to accept our true selves. 50．If we accept ourselves, we will grow into better persons.(改为祈使句) ________ yourself, and you will grow into a better person. 51．The power of self‑confidence is very amazing.(改为感叹句) ________ ________ the power of self‑confidence is! 52．Maddie painted a red rose on her own face. (改为被动语态) A red rose ________ ________ on Maddie’s own face. 53．It is impossible for him to finish the work today.（改为同义句） It is ________ ________ for him to finish the work today. 54．I bought this mirror last month.（改为现在完成时） I ________ ________ this mirror ________ last month. 55．It rained heavily. They still went to the park. (改为复合句) ________ ________ rained heavily, they still went to the park. 56．“I am what I am,” Sally said. (改为间接引语) Sally said that ________ ________ what she ________. 57．Maddie painted a red rose on her face yesterday. (用already改写句子) Maddie ________ ________ a red rose on her face already. 58．Bill has already written an article for the magazine. (改为否定句) Bill ________ ________ an article for the magazine ________ . 59．Could you please tell me how I can search the book online? (改为简单句) Could you please tell me how ________ ________ the book online? 60．They played football an hour ago. (用现在完成时改写) They ________ ________ football ________ an hour. 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people remind us of a rule of life through their actions: Do the right thing, even when no one is 61 (watch). Vince is among them. One morning, Vince was taking a walk when he noticed a wallet on the ground. He picked up the wallet 62 (check) it out. Besides a driving license (驾照), there was a lot of money inside. He 63 (count) the money and it was 3,000 dollars! Since he never considered keeping the money for 64 (him), he headed to the address (地址) on the driving license. The wallet belonged to 65 man named Jason. He never thought he could get his wallet back. So when Vince appeared, Jason was very surprised. He didn’t expect that somebody could be so 66 (truth) nowadays. Jason said, “The wallet is very important to me. I 67 (own) it since 2018. Many thanks for Vince’s help.” Jason offered Vince $500 for his 68 (kind). “I just did what I should do,” refused Vince. “In a time of hardship (困难), what he did is 69 the sunshine which can break the darkness and bring brightness,” Jason said. 70 (actual), Vince came from a poor family. Although life was difficult for him, he still chose to give back the money. 参考答案 一、 1．D 【解析】句意：我把头发剪短了。夏天感觉如此凉爽。 根据后句“It feels so cool in summer.”可知，说明剪头发这个动作已经完成并对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时。 2．D 【解析】句意：这是我第一次在别人面前展示我的真实感受。 固定句型“It was the first time that...”中，当主句是一般过去时was时，从句需用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，had shown是过去完成时，符合题意。 3．B 【解析】句意：——你曾经看过电影《你好，李焕英》吗？——是的，我去年春节和我的父母一起看了。 问句询问“是否看过这部电影”，强调过去动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，结构为“Have/Has+主语+过去分词”，主语是you，助动词用Have，see的过去分词是seen；答句中时间状语“last Spring Festival”表示过去的具体时间，应用一般过去时，see的过去式是saw，B项正确。 4．B 【解析】句意：你学英语多久了？ 考查现在完成时。根据句意可知，本句时态可用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，故选B。 5．A 【解析】句意：——这张老照片你保存多久了？——从我十岁起。   kept保存；bought买；keep保存；buy买。根据答句“Since I was ten years old.”可知，问句询问动作持续的时间，应用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词），排除C和D；且“How long”须与延续性动词连用，keep（保存）是延续性动词，而buy（买）是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，排除B。 6．B 【解析】句意：当地政府已经采取了许多措施来阻止沙尘暴，并且在过去几年里这里的环境已经变得好多了。 根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，结构为have/has done。主语The local government和the environment均为第三人称单数，助动词用has。 7．A 【解析】句意：——我能借你的自行车吗？——对不起，我把它借给李磊了。他已经借了两天了。 lend借出，borrow借入，keep保留。第一空，表示“把车借给李磊”，lend sth to sb表示“把某物借给某人”，lend的过去式是lent；第二空，根据时间状语“for two days”可知，谓语动词需用延续性动词，borrow为瞬间动词，keep为延续性动词，故用has kept。 8．C 【解析】句意：自去年九月以来我一直在阅读俱乐部。 根据“since last September”可知，句子需用现在完成时，且表示动作持续了一段时间，谓语动词需用延续性动词。join是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需转化为have been in。 9．B 【解析】句意：——你曾经去过新图书馆吗？——是的，我上周去了那里。 already已经；ever曾经；never从不；yet还；已经。根据问句“Have you…visited”可知是现在完成时的一般疑问句，旨在询问过去的经历。ever常用于现在完成时的疑问句中，表示“曾经”，置于助动词have与过去分词之间。yet通常置于句末；already多用于肯定句；never表否定含义。 10．B 【解析】句意：——你去过市科技馆吗？——去过，去年寒假我和同学们去了那里。 第一空有ever，是现在完成时标志，主语you搭配Have；have been to为固定搭配，表示去过某地；第三空last winter holiday是过去时间，谓语用一般过去式went。 11．A 【解析】句意：——你曾经去过那个山村吗？——没有，我希望有一天能去参观。 ever曾经；never从未；already已经；yet还；just刚刚。根据“Have you ________ been to the mountain village?”可知，第一空表达“曾经”去过与否，应填ever。此外，根据“No”可知，回答者从未去过，第二空表达“从未”，应填never。 12．A 【解析】句意：自1988年以来，这个小镇发生了巨大的变化。 have taken place现在完成时主动语态；have been taken place现在完成时被动语态；has taken place现在完成时主动语态（第三人称单数）；has been taken place现在完成时被动语态（第三人称单数）。根据时间状语“since 1988”可知，句子时态应为现在完成时；take place意为“发生”，是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，排除B、D项；主语“Great changes”是复数，助动词应用have，排除C项。应填have taken place。 13．B 【解析】句意：——你好，琳达，我是张阿姨！你能告诉你妈妈明晚来参加我的生日聚会吗？——恐怕不行。她已经去泰国旅行了，她星期天将要回来。 have/has gone to表示去了某地未回；have/has been to表示去过某地已回；went to侧重过去发生的动作；goes to侧重经常性动作。根据后句“she’ll be back on Sunday（她周日才回来）”可知，妈妈目前不在家、仍在泰国境内，符合“去了还未返回”的语义，因此选‌has gone to‌。 14．C 【解析】句意：——吴先生在哪里？我好几天没见他了。——他已经去美国了，自从上周以来他就离开家了。 been in在某地；has left离开，短暂性动词；gone to去了某地；has been away离开，延续性短语；been in在某地。第一空，根据问句“吴先生在哪里”可知他不在现场，表示“去了某地未回”应用has gone to；第二空，时间状语“since last week”表示一段时间，谓语动词需用延续性动词，leave是瞬间动词，不能与段时间连用，应转换为has been away表示状态。 15．B 【解析】句意：他在这家农场工厂已经工作六年了，并且他是2020年来这里的。 根据“for six years”可知，第一空表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时has worked；根据“in 2020”可知，第二空表示过去具体时间点发生的动作，时态应用一般过去时came。 二、 16．has dreamed/has dreamt 【解析】句意：我的弟弟从五岁起就一直梦想成为一名宇航员。句中出现了“since he was five”（自从他五岁起）这一典型时间状语，是现在完成时的核心标志之一。句子主语My little brother是第三人称单数，现在完成时的构成为：has/have+动词的过去分词，对应第三人称单数主语要选用助动词has；而动词dream的过去分词为dreamed/dreamt。 17．has changed 【解析】句意：自从我十年前离开这里，我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。句中“since I left here ten years ago”是现在完成时的时间标志，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词。主语Our hometown是单数，助动词用has。 18．has been away from 【解析】句意：他离开家乡已经五年了。句中时间状语“for 5 years”是延续性时间标志，必须使用现在完成时；动词leave是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，要转换成对应的延续性短语be away from；主语He是第三人称单数，现在完成时助动词用has，be的过去分词为been，故填has been away from。 19．has been dead 【解析】句意：雷锋已经去世多年，但他的精神仍在激励着我们。“for+时间段”是现在完成时的标志性词，由于die是非延续性动词，需变成“have/has + been + 形容词”的结构，主语Lei Feng是第三人称单数形式应用has，die的过去分词为dead。 20．have been married 【解析】句意：我父母结婚16年了，所以他们彼此非常了解。marry意为“结婚”，是动词，根据“for 16 years”可知，句子是现在完成时，且谓语动词要用延续性动词，此处用have been married表示结婚的状态持续了16年。 21．has kept 【解析】句意：这本书她从图书馆借了3个月了，该还了。根据时间状语“for 3 months”可知，此动作从3个月前开始，持续到现在，用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语She为单数，助动词用has；borrow“借”，是瞬间性动词，不与表一段时间的状语连用，表示“借某物持续一段时间”，需用延续性动词keep“保留、持有”，其过去分词为kept。故填has kept。 22．have suffered 【解析】句意：在过去的十年里，许多野生动物一直遭受污染之苦。句中“over the past ten years”为现在完成时的标志词，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。主语“Lots of wild animals”为复数，故填have suffered。 23．have improved 【解析】句意：当地居民的生活已经得到了改善。他们如今比过去富裕、幸福得多。后一句“They are much richer and happier than they once were”，强调生活状态从过去到现在的持续变化、且当前结果已经显现，所以此处需要使用现在完成时，对应结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“The lives of local people”是复数概念，因此助动词用have，improve的过去分词是improved，故填have improved。 24．has increased 【解析】句意：这些年濒危动物的数量迅速增加。根据“these years”提示，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”。主语“The number of endangered animals”为“the number of + 名词复数”结构，谓语用单数形式has，increase的过去分词是increased。 25．has inspired 【解析】句意：到目前为止，这个故事已经激励了成千上万的青少年去传承古老的艺术。 so far是现在完成时的标志性时间词，时态结构为have/has+动词过去分词；主语the story是单数，助动词用has；inspire的过去分词是inspired。 26．has grown 【解析】句意：这些年来，杰克的电影海报收藏已经变得越来越多。时间标志over the years（多年来），是现在完成时的典型提示词。主语Jack’s collection是单数，助动词用has；grow的过去分词为grown。 27．has provided 【解析】句意：他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量新信息。provide“提供”，句中强调过去的努力对现在产生的持续影响，主语“Their hard work”是不可数概念，助动词用has，provide的过去分词形式为provided，现在完成时结构“has provided”契合语境。 28． Has finished finished 【解析】句意：——他完成他的公益工作了吗？——是的，他上个月完成了。前两空询问动作是否已经完成并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时。结构为“Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词”。主语是he，助动词用Has（句首首字母大写），finish的过去分词为finished；第三空，根据时间状语last month（上个月）可知，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，finish的过去式为finished。 29． has gone has been 【解析】句意：——李华在哪里？——他去网上卖农产品了。他已经离开四个小时了。问句询问李华在哪里，答语为“去网上卖农产品了”，表示人不在说话地，去了某地还未回来，第一空应使用现在完成时“have/has gone to”结构，主语He是第三人称单数，故填has gone。时间状语“for four hours”是持续性时间，要与延续性动词连用，“be away”是延续性状态，表示从过去离开到现在已经持续四个小时了，第二空应使用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），主语He是第三人称单数，故填has been。 30． seen has been 【解析】句意：——史密斯先生这几天在哪儿？我已经快半个月没见到他了。——哦，他已经在上海待了一个星期了，三天后会返回哈尔滨。① 句中 “haven’t” 是现在完成时的助动词结构，现在完成时的构成为 “have/has + 过去分词”，动词 “see” 的过去分词是 seen，所以填 seen。② 根据 “for a week”和后句 “he will return...” 可知，他从过去开始一直在上海，且现在仍在那里，应用现在完成时；主语是 “he”，助动词用 “has”，be 动词的过去分词是 “been”，所以填 has been。故填seen；has been。 三、 31． has been to has gone to 【解析】原句中“去过（已经回来）”、“去上海了（尚未回来）”是关键词，have been to表示去过某地（人已返回）；have gone to表示去了某地（人还未回来）。主语He和his father均为第三人称单数，助动词用has。因此应填①has；②been；③to；④has；⑤gone；⑥to。 32． have been to 【解析】原句中“去过”是关键词，表示“曾经去过某地（已返回）”的英文结构为“have been to”；本句为现在完成时，主语“I”与“have”搭配；“been”为过去分词；“to”为介词，后接地点“the provincial capital”。 33． have made progress in 【解析】前三空：原句中“取得了很大进步”是关键词，表示“取得进步”的动词短语是make progress。since提示本句描述从过去持续到现在的动作，使用现在完成时，主语I是第一人称，助动词用have，make的过去分词为made。后一空：原句中“在……方面”是关键词，表示“在……方面”的介词是in。 34． Since have benefited from 【解析】原句中“自从”及“从……中获益”是关键词。题干里的“自从2010年以来”是现在完成时的典型时间标志，表示“自从（后接时间点）”的引导词可用since，放在句首首字母大写。“从……获益良多”的固定搭配是benefit a lot from sth.，句子主语villagers是复数，结合前面since引导的时间状语要求使用现在完成时，benefit的过去分词是benefited，故填Since；have；benefited；from。 35． haven’t been back 【解析】根据中文“已经……两年了”及时间状语“for two years”可知，句子应用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在。主语“Cathy and Amy”是复数，因此助动词使用have；“没有回过”表示否定含义，且强调“回来”的状态，“回来”应用短语be back表示。现在完成时的否定结构为“have/has+not+过去分词”，be的过去分词是been。故填haven’t；been；back。 36． been so close to 【解析】原句中“从未如此接近”是关键词，本句时态为现在完成时，结构：have/has+过去分词；“如此接近”对应的英文翻译是be so close to。has后面要接be动词的过去分词been；so表示“如此”用来修饰形容词close；固定搭配be close to意为“靠近、接近”。应填been；so；close；to。 37． ever since 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“自从”。“自从”翻译为ever since，是固定连词短语，用于引导时间状语从句，常与现在完成进行时连用。故填ever；since。 38． has been popular 【解析】根据 “since the Tang Dynasty” 可知，since+时间点意为 “自从……以来”，表示一段时间，因此此处用现在完成时have/has done，并且动词应用延续性动词be popular，主语it为第三人称单数。故填has；been；popular。 39． has devoted to 【解析】原句中“把青春奉献给”是关键词，固定搭配为devote sth. to sth.“把某物奉献给某物”。本句可理解为从过去延续至今的状态，适合用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）；主语the young pianist是单数，助动词用has，devote的过去分词是devoted，搭配介词to。应填has；devoted；to。 40． has kept doing 【解析】原句关键词为“坚持做”和“已有五年”，分别用has kept doing和for five years表示。现在完成时“has kept”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，“keep doing sth.”意为“坚持做某事”。 41． cut the travel time 【解析】原句中“缩短了旅行时间”是关键词，“缩短旅行时间”的英文是cut the travel time；句子使用现在完成时，结构为“has+过去分词”，cut的过去分词仍是cut，因此依次填入的单词为cut；the；travel；time。 42． So far has provided for 【解析】原句中文“到目前为止”常用so far来表示，提示句子为现在完成时，结构为：have/has+过去分词。句子主语“the government”是单数，因此助动词用has。“为某人提供某物”的常用表达为：provide sth. for sb.，provide的过去分词是provided。因此空处分别填So；far；has；provided；for。 43． With the development of living conditions improved 【解析】原句中“随着……的发展”是固定搭配，对应英文 “With the development of ...”，其中“with”表示“随着”，“development”表示“发展”，前面用定冠词 the，后面接介词 of 引出对象“科技”（technology）。“人们的生活条件”译为“people’s living conditions”，“living conditions”是固定词组，表示“生活条件”，这里用复数形式 conditions。“已经大大改善”表示动作已完成，用现在完成时，故谓语动词用have improved（主语是复数 conditions，助动词用 have）。 44． have taken place in the past 【解析】原句中“发生”和“在过去的三十年里”是关键词，表示“发生”的短语是take place，表示“在过去的三十年里”的短语是in the past thirty years；句子时态为现在完成时have/has done，主语是Great changes，助动词应用have，take的过去分词为taken。 45． Have been to I have 【解析】have been to“去过”，疑问句将助动词have提到句首并大写首字母；have开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, sb have.”。故填Have；been；to；I；have。 四、 46． not to 【解析】句意：“不要放弃，”老师对我说。直接引语为否定祈使句，改为间接引语时，要使用tell sb. not to do sth.结构，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，因此填not；to。 47． because it makes 【解析】句意：我喜欢画画，它使我放松。分析句子可知，“I enjoy painting.”是结果，“It makes me relaxed.”是原因；because表示原因，后接从句，从句主语用it，指代动名词painting；主语 it 是第三人称单数，且原句时态为一般现在时，故动词 make 变为 makes。 48． Does bring 【解析】句意：自我接纳会在日常生活中带给你更多自信吗？原句为一般现在时，主语self-acceptance是单数名词，谓语动词brings 为第三人称单数形式，改为一般疑问句时，需在句首添加助动词Does且首字母大写，助动词后的谓语动词要还原为原形bring，原句中的us在问句中相应变为you。故依次填Does；bring。 49． is not 【解析】句意：是时候学会接纳真实的自我了。原句“It is time...”中的谓语动词是be动词“is”。含有be动词的句子变为否定句时，直接在be动词后加not。应填is；not。 50．Accept 【解析】句意：如果我们接纳我们自己，我们将会成长为更好的人。原句是“If”引导的条件句，改为祈使句结构时，去掉“If”，将从句动词变为原形置于句首。祈使句以动词原形开头，原句中的动词是“accept”，因此直接使用原形。所填单词位于句首，首字母必须大写。故填Accept。 51． How amazing 【解析】句意：自信的力量十分惊人。题目要求改为感叹句，根据空格后“the power of self-confidence is”可知使用How型感叹句，结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语！原句形容词为amazing。 52． was painted 【解析】句意：玛迪在自己的脸上画了一朵红玫瑰。原句谓语动词painted是过去式，说明句子时态为一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”。被动句的主语A red rose是单数，be动词选用was。动词paint的过去分词是painted。 53． not possible 【解析】句意：今天对他来说完成这项工作是不可能的。原句中impossible意为“不可能的”，同义转换可以用not possible表达相同含义。句型“It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.”保持不变。故填not；possible。 54． have had since 【解析】句意：我上个月买了这面镜子，一般过去时转换为现在完成时的时候，短暂性动词bought需要替换为延续性动词have（拥有），现在完成时结构为主语+have/has+过去分词，主语是I，助动词用have，buy 对应的延续性动词是 have，现在完成时结构中需使用其过去分词 had，时间状语last month前面要加上since来搭配现在完成时。 55． Although/Though it 【解析】句意：尽管雨下得很大，他们还是去了公园。原句是两个独立的简单句，要合并为复合句，需要用让步状语从句的引导词‌Although/Though‌ 来体现“虽然下雨但仍出行”的转折逻辑，位于句首需大写；后接从句主语it指代天气，构成完整的让步状语从句。 56． she was was 【解析】句意：莎莉说：“我就是我。” 直接引语中的主语“I”指代 Sally，改为间接引语时需变为第三人称单数she；主句谓语动词“said”是一般过去时，根据间接引语时态呼应原则，从句中的一般现在时“am”需变为一般过去时was。 57． has painted 【解析】句意：Maddie昨天在她脸上画了一朵红玫瑰。由“already”可知，改写为现在完成时；主语Maddie是第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词paint的过去分词是painted。 58． hasn’t written yet 【解析】句意：比尔已经为这本杂志写了一篇文章。句子为现在完成时，主语是Bill第三人称，改为否定句需在助动词has后加not，has not缩写为hasn’t，过去分词不变；肯定句中的already在否定句中要替换为yet并放句末。故填hasn’t；written；yet。 59． to search 【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎样在网上搜索这本书吗？原句是宾语从句，改为简单句时，需将宾语从句改为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。故填to；search。 60． have played for 【解析】句意：他们一小时前踢过足球。变为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为“They”，助动词用have；play的过去分词为played；“an hour ago”需改为表示持续时间的for an hour。故填have；played；for。 五、 61．watching 62．to check 63．counted 64．himself 65．a 66．truthful 67．have owned 68．kindness 69．like 70．Actually 【解析】本文讲述了文斯拾金不昧的故事。 【解析】61．句意：即使没有人看着，也要做正确的事。根据“even when no one is...”可知，此处使用动词的现在分词形式，构成现在进行时，watch的现在分词形式为watching。故填watching。 62．句意：他捡起钱包检查了一下。根据“He picked up the wallet...it out.”可知，此处使用动词不定式作目的状语，check的动词不定式形式为to check。故填to check。 63．句意：他数了数钱，是3000美元！根据“it was 3,000 dollars!”可知，此处使用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，count的过去式为counted。故填counted。 64．句意：因为他从未考虑过为自己留下这笔钱，所以他前往驾照上的地址。根据“Since he never considered keeping the money for...”可知，此处使用反身代词himself，表示“为自己留下这笔钱”，for himself“为他自己”。故填himself。 65．句意：这个钱包属于一个名叫杰森的男人。根据“The wallet belonged to...man named Jason.”可知，此处表示泛指，使用不定冠词a或an，man以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。 66．句意：他没想到现在有人会如此诚实。根据“He didn’t expect that somebody could be so...nowadays.”可知，此处使用形容词truthful，作be动词的表语，表示“有人会如此诚实”，truth的形容词形式为truthful。故填truthful。 67．句意：我从2018年就拥有它了。根据“since 2018”可知，此处使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为I，使用have，own的过去分词为owned。故填have owned。 68．句意：杰森为文斯的善良给了他500美元。根据“Jason offered Vince $500 for his...”可知，此处使用名词kindness，作介词for的宾语，表示“为他的善良”，kind的名词形式为kindness。故填kindness。 69．句意：在困难时期，他所做的就像阳光，可以打破黑暗，带来光明。根据“what he did is...the sunshine”可知，此处使用介词like，表示“他所做的就像阳光”，like“像”。故填like。 70．句意：实际上，文斯来自一个贫穷的家庭。根据“...Vince came from a poor family.”可知，此处使用副词actually，修饰整个句子，表示“实际上”，actual的副词形式为actually，句首首字母大写。故填Actually。 ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语词单元汇与语法巩固(外研版2024) Unit 1 This is me语法巩固 目录 第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习 第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 要点回顾 现在完成时 (1) 现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在有某种影响;也可以表示到目前为止已经完成的动作。其谓语动词由have/has+动词的过去分词构成。 一、基本结构 肯定句 主语+have/has+ 过去分词+其他 否定句 主语+have/has + not + 过去分词+其他 一般 疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 特殊 疑问句 疑问词+ have/has+主语+过去分词+其他? 二、现在完成时的时间状语 常用的有just, yet, ever, never, already, so far, by now, until now, since+时间点/一般过去时句子,时间段+ago, for+时间段,in the past+时间段,twice, three times等。 三、动词过去分词的构成 规则动词的过去分词 大多数在词尾直接加-ed visit—visited 以e结尾的动词在后面直接加-d live—lived 以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词, 要变y为i, 再加-ed try—tried 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词 AAA型 cut—cut—cut ABB型 make—made—made ABC型 see—saw—seen ◇Part 02 能力提升 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．I ________ my hair short. It feels so cool in summer. A．am cutting B．cut C．will cut D．have cut 2．It was the first time that I ________ my true feelings in front of others. A．show B．showed C．have shown D．had shown 3．—________ you ever  ________ the movie Hi, Mom? —Yes, I ________ it with my parents last Spring Festival. A．Did; see; have seen B．Have; seen; saw C．Did; see; saw D．Have; seen; have seen 4．How long ________ you ________ (study) English? A．do; study B．have; studied C．are; studying D．did; study 5．—How long ________ you ________ the old photo? —Since I was ten years old. A．have; kept B．have; bought C．did; keep D．do; buy 6．The local government ________ many measures to stop sandstorms, and the environment here ________ much better in the past few years. A．took; becomes B．has taken; has become C．takes; became D．will take; will become 7． —Can I borrow your bike? —Sorry, I ________ it to Li Lei. He ________ it for two days. A．lent; has kept B．borrowed; has borrowed C．lent; has borrowed D．borrowed; has kept 8．I ________ the Reading Club since last September. A．joined B．have joined C．have been in D．join 9．—Have you ________ visited the new library?     —Yes, I went there last week. A．already B．ever C．never D．yet 10．—________ you ever ________ to the city science museum? —Yes, I ________ there with my classmates last winter holiday. A．Did; go; went B．Have; been; went C．Have; been; have been D．Did; go; have been 11．—Have you ________ been to the mountain village? —No, ________. I hope I can visit it one day. A．ever; never B．already; ever C．yet; never D．just; yet 12．Great changes ________ in the town since 1988. A．have taken place B．have been taken place C．has taken place D．has been taken place 13．—Hello, Linda, this is Aunt Zhang speaking! Could you tell your mother to come to my birthday party tomorrow evening? —I’m afraid not. She ________Thailand for a trip and she’ll be back on Sunday. A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．goes to 14．—Where is Mr. Wu? I haven’t seen him for several days. —He has ________ America and he ________ from his home since last week. A．been in; has left B．gone to; has left C．gone to; has been away D．been in; has been away 15．He ________ in this farm factory for six years, and he ________ here in 2020. A．worked; came B．has worked; came C．has worked; has come D．works; comes 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 16．My little brother ________ (dream) of becoming an astronaut since he was five. 17．Our hometown ________ (change) a lot since I left here ten years ago. 18．He ________ (leave) his hometown for 5 years. 19．Lei Feng ________ (die) for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. 20．My parents ________ (marry) for 16 years, so they know each other very well. 21．She ________ (borrow) the book from the library for 3 months and it is time to return it. 22．Lots of wild animals ________ (suffer) from pollution over the past ten years. 23．The lives of local people ________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once were. 24．The number of endangered animals ________ (increase) quickly these years. 25．The story ________ (inspire) thousands of teenagers to carry on old arts so far. 26．Jack’s collection of movie posters ________ (grow) bigger and bigger over the years. 27．Their hard work ________ (provide) the world with lots of new information. 28．—________ he ________ (finish) his public welfare work? —Yes, he ________ (finish) it last month. 29．—Where is Li Hua? —He ________ (go) to sell farm products online. He ________ (be) away for four hours. 30．—Where is Mr. Smith these days? I haven’t _________ (see) him for nearly half a month. —Oh, he _________ (be) in Shanghai for a week and he will return to Harbin in three days. 三、完成句子 31．他去过上海两次，但是他爸爸去上海了。 He ________ ________ ________ Shanghai twice, but his father ________ ________ ________ Shanghai. 32．我去过省会三次，每次都会购买当地特色农产品。 I ________ ________ ________ the provincial capital three times, and I bought local special agricultural products every time. 33．自从上初中以来，我在英语方面取得了很大进步。 I ________ ________ great ________ ________ English since I started junior high. 34．自从2010年以来，这个村子的村民已经从新政策中获益良多。 ________ 2010, the villagers in this village ________ ________ a lot ________ the new policy. 35．Cathy和Amy已经两年没有回过家乡了。她们非常想念她们的家乡并且希望明年能回去。 Cathy and Amy ________ ________ ________ to their hometown for two years. They miss their hometown a lot and hope to return to the place next year. 36．历史从未如此接近人们的日常生活。 History has never ________ ________ ________ ________ people’s daily lives. 37．自从三年前搬到这个社区，他就一直在帮需要帮助的老人修理家电。 He has been helping the elderly in need repair household appliances ________ ________ he moved to this neighbourhood three years ago. 38．自唐代以来，醒狮舞就变得非常流行了。 It ________  ________  ________ since the Tang Dynasty. 39．这位青年钢琴家把自己的青春奉献给了古典音乐教育。 The young pianist ________ ________ his youth ________ classical music education. 40．她坚持做志愿服务已有五年，从未间断过。 She ________ ________ ________ voluntary work for five years without any interruption. 41．高速铁路已为所有乘客缩短了旅行时间。 The high-speed railway has already _________ _________ _________ _________ for all passengers. 42．到目前为止，政府已经为贫困儿童提供了许多帮助。 ________ ________, the government ________ ________ lots of help ________ poor children. 43．随着科技的发展，人们的生活条件已经大大改善。 ________ ________ ________ ________ technology, people’s ________ ________ have ________ greatly. 44．在过去的三十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes ________ ________ ________ in my hometown ________ ________ ________ thirty years. 45．——你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ ——是的，我去过。 — ________ you ever ________ ________ a science museum? — Yes, ________ ________. 四、句型转换 46．“Don’t give up,” the teacher said to me.(合并为间接引语) The teacher told me ________ _______ give up. 47．I enjoy painting. It makes me relaxed. (用because合并句子) I enjoy painting ________ ________ ________ me relaxed. 48．Self‑acceptance brings us more confidence in our daily life. (改为一般疑问句) ________ self‑acceptance ________ you more confidence in your daily life? 49．It is time to learn to accept our true selves. (改为否定句) It ________ ________ time to learn to accept our true selves. 50．If we accept ourselves, we will grow into better persons.(改为祈使句) ________ yourself, and you will grow into a better person. 51．The power of self‑confidence is very amazing.(改为感叹句) ________ ________ the power of self‑confidence is! 52．Maddie painted a red rose on her own face. (改为被动语态) A red rose ________ ________ on Maddie’s own face. 53．It is impossible for him to finish the work today.（改为同义句） It is ________ ________ for him to finish the work today. 54．I bought this mirror last month.（改为现在完成时） I ________ ________ this mirror ________ last month. 55．It rained heavily. They still went to the park. (改为复合句) ________ ________ rained heavily, they still went to the park. 56．“I am what I am,” Sally said. (改为间接引语) Sally said that ________ ________ what she ________. 57．Maddie painted a red rose on her face yesterday. (用already改写句子) Maddie ________ ________ a red rose on her face already. 58．Bill has already written an article for the magazine. (改为否定句) Bill ________ ________ an article for the magazine ________ . 59．Could you please tell me how I can search the book online? (改为简单句) Could you please tell me how ________ ________ the book online? 60．They played football an hour ago. (用现在完成时改写) They ________ ________ football ________ an hour. 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people remind us of a rule of life through their actions: Do the right thing, even when no one is 61 (watch). Vince is among them. One morning, Vince was taking a walk when he noticed a wallet on the ground. He picked up the wallet 62 (check) it out. Besides a driving license (驾照), there was a lot of money inside. He 63 (count) the money and it was 3,000 dollars! Since he never considered keeping the money for 64 (him), he headed to the address (地址) on the driving license. The wallet belonged to 65 man named Jason. He never thought he could get his wallet back. So when Vince appeared, Jason was very surprised. He didn’t expect that somebody could be so 66 (truth) nowadays. Jason said, “The wallet is very important to me. I 67 (own) it since 2018. Many thanks for Vince’s help.” Jason offered Vince $500 for his 68 (kind). “I just did what I should do,” refused Vince. “In a time of hardship (困难), what he did is 69 the sunshine which can break the darkness and bring brightness,” Jason said. 70 (actual), Vince came from a poor family. Although life was difficult for him, he still chose to give back the money. ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $