Unit 3 Great people（讲义）-2026-2027学年译林版（三起）英语六年级上册

该小学英语Unit3 Great people复习讲义通过表格系统梳理单词、词组和重点句型，按“基础词汇-核心词组-功能句型”递进排列，知识点讲解分模块整合stop用法、可数不可数名词等11个语法点，语法部分以“be动词/助动词did引导的一般过去时特殊疑问句”为核心构建知识框架，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，如“stop doing/stop to do”辨析题通过口诀“doing停旧事，to do做新事”降低理解难度，职业名词变化规则结合词根词缀法培养学习能力，语法专项练习含选词填空、句型转换等题型，基础题巩固知识，拓展题提升思维品质，参考答案助力学生自主核对，教师可据此实施精准分层教学。

Unit3 Great people 一、单词 1、hero 崇拜的对象 2、famous 著名的，出名的 3、scientist 科学家 4、inventor 发明家，发明者 5、dream 梦想，愿望 6、cool 凉快，凉爽 7、study 研究，调查 8、call 称呼，把······叫作 9、farming 务农 10、age 年龄，年纪 11、difficult 困难的 12、develop 开发，研制 13、bamboo 竹，竹子 14、silk 丝绸 15、dear 昂贵的，价格高的 16、paper 纸，纸张 二、词组 1、stop trying 停止努力 2、make life better for all 让所有人的生活更美好 3、work hard 努力工作；辛勤劳作 4、find the answers to problems 解答难题 5、great fun 很有趣 6、help people 帮助人们 7、do the shopping for sb. 为某人购物 8、our heroes 我们的英雄 9、write about 写关于…… 10、do great things 做伟大的事情 11、thanks for doing sth. 感谢做某事 12、take sb. to the park 带某人去公园 13、be happy to help 乐意帮助 14、have a good idea 有一个好主意 15、give light 发光；带来光明 16、two dreams 两个梦想 17、enjoy the cool under tall rice plants 在高高的稻穗下乘凉 18、 all over the world 全世界；世界各地 19、be born 出生，诞生 20、pass away 去世；逝世 21、 do studies on rice 对水稻进行研究 22、the father of hybrid rice 杂交水稻之父 23、come true 实现，成为现实 24、at an early age 在幼年；在小时候 25、grow up 长大；成人 26、work on 从事，致力于 27、give up 放弃 28、stay in the fields 坚守田间 29、develop hybrid rice 研制杂交水稻 30、feed people 养活人们 31、at that time 在那个年代 32、write on bamboo or silk 写在竹子或丝绸上 33、make paper 造纸 34、at first 起初；一开始 35、keep thinking and trying 不断思考和尝试 36、help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 三、重点句型 1、I want to do the shopping for Mrs Pig. 我想给猪太太买东西。 2、How was school today? 今天在学校怎么样？ 3、Mrs Fox asked us to write about our heroes. 福克斯老师让我们写一写自己心中的英雄。 4、A famous scientist or inventor. 一位著名的科学家或发明家。 5、They work hard and do great things. 他们努力工作，做伟大的事情。 6、Thanks for taking my baby to the park yesterday. 谢谢你昨天带我家宝宝去公园。 7、Because I have a good idea for my homework! 因为我对我的作业有了一个好主意！ 8、You’re my hero. Now I know everyone can be great. 你是我的英雄。现在我知道每个人都可以很了不起。 9、Who was Yuan Longping? 谁是袁隆平？ 10、I have two dreams. I want to enjoy the cool under tall rice plants. 我有两个梦想。我想在高高的稻禾下乘凉。 11、I also want to see hybrid rice grow all over the world. 我还想看到杂交水稻在世界各地生长。 12、Yuan Longping was a Chinese rice scientist. 袁隆平是一位中国水稻科学家。 13、He was born in 1930 in Beijing. 他1930年出生于北京。 14、He passed away in 2021 in Changsha. 他2021年在长沙逝世。 15、He did a lot of studies on rice. 他对水稻做了大量研究。 16、People call him the father of hybrid rice. 人们称他为杂交水稻之父。 17、Yuan liked farming at an early age. 袁隆平从小就喜欢农事。 18、When he grew up, he studied farming. 长大后，他学习农学 19、It was very difficult, but he never gave up. 过程非常艰难，但他从未放弃。 20、He worked hard and always stayed in the fields. 他勤恳付出，始终坚守田间。 21、Now hybrid rice grows in China and many other countries. 如今杂交水稻在中国和其他许多国家种植。 22、How did his dreams come true? 他的梦想是如何实现的？ 23、Cai Lun was a great Chinese inventor. 蔡伦是一位伟大的中国发明家。 24、He lived in the Han Dynasty. 他生活在汉朝。 25、At that time, people often wrote on bamboo or silk. 那时候，人们通常写在竹子或丝绸上。 26、But bamboo was heavy and silk was dear. 但是竹子很重，丝绸又很贵。 27、Cai Lun wanted to use cheap things to make paper. 蔡伦想用便宜的东西来造纸。 28、Finally, he made cheap but good paper. 最后，他造出了既便宜又好用的纸。 29、Cai Lun’s paper helped more people read and write. 蔡伦造的纸帮助了更多人阅读和书写。 30、It was very important. 这非常重要。 四、语音 字母组合ar的发音：/ɑː/ star, hard, dark, car, park, far, farm, arm 五、知识点讲解 1、stop的用法 stop意为“停止”，过去式：stopped，本单元核心用法： stop doing 停止正在做的事 例: stop trying 停止尝试 【拓展】 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事； stop to do sth 停下手中事，去做另一件事。 例: ①He stopped working. 他停止工作了。（停止正在工作这个动作） ②He stopped to work.他停下手里的活，开始工作。（停下原有动作，去做工作这件新事） ★注：doing 停旧事，to do 做新事 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.The old scientist didn't ______ working all his life. A. stop B. stop to C. stopped ( )2.They walked for a long time and ______ have a rest. A. stopped B. stopped doing C. stopped to 二、用所给动词正确形式填空。 1. The workers stopped ________ (work) and had lunch. 2. Yuan Longping never ________ (stop) his research on rice. 3. When she saw the baby, she stopped ________ (look) after it. 2、可数名词和不可数名词的用法 可数名词 可数名词有复数形式，前面可以直接用数词修饰，也可以用some, many, a lot of/lots of等词汇来修饰。如： our heroes 我们的英雄 a lot of studies 许多研究 【复习】可数名词变复数规则： ①一般情况下直接加 -s 例: dream-dreams book-books pen-pens dog-dogs ②以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾，加 -es 例: bus-buses box-boxes watch-watches brush-brushes ③以辅音字母+ y 结尾：变y为i加-es；元音字母+y，直接加s 例: baby-babies study-studies city-cities family-families ④以o结尾，有生命加es，无生命加s 例: hero-heroes potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes 口诀：英雄爱土豆番茄和芒果 ⑤以o结尾，无生命加s 例: radio-radios zoo-zoos photo-photos ⑥以f/fe结尾：变 f/fe 为v加-es（了解） 例: knife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-wolves ⑦不规则复数（必背） 例: man-men woman-women child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth sheep-sheep ox—oxen people-people mouse-mice 不可数名词 （1）不可数名词指不能直接用数字来计数的名词，通常表示物质、液体、抽象概念等。 它们的特点：①没有复数形式，词尾不能加-s/-es ②前面不能直接加a/an ③作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 （2）不可数名词的关键用法 ①表示数量：用 “ some / much / a lot of +不可数名词” 例:There is some milk in the fridge.冰箱里有一些牛奶。 例句：We have a lot of homework today.我们今天有很多作业。 ②询问数量：用 “How much +不可数名词” 例：How much water do you drink every day?你每天喝多少水？ ③表示“一份/一杯/一片”等：用 “量词+ of +不可数名词” 例:I’d like a cup of tea, please.请给我一杯茶。 例句：She ate two pieces of bread this morning.她今天早上吃了两片面包。 ④易错点：谓语动词用单数 例:The rice is very nice.这米饭很好吃。 例句：There is some bread on the table.桌子上有一些面包。 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.The teacher often asks us ______ hard. A. study B. to study C. studying ( )2.Would you like some ______? A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos ( )3.There ______ some rice in the bowl. A. is B. are C. am ( )4. —______ juice do you want? —A glass, please. A. How many B. How much C. How old ( )5. I’d like ______ bread for breakfast. A. a B. an C. some ( )6. He has ______ homework to do today. A. many B. much C. a lot ( )7. There ______ a cup of tea on the desk. A. is B. are C. be ( )8. There are three ______ in the room. A. child B. childs C. children 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. How many ______ (mango) can you see? 2. I have a lot of ______ (homework) to do. 3. How much water ______(be) there in the bottle? 4. There are three ______ (glass) of ______ (milk) on the table. 3、职业名词的用法 （1）单元核心职业名词 ①scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ n. 科学家 词根变化：science 名词，科学→ scientist 名词，科学家 例: He wants to be a famous scientist. 他想成为一名著名的科学家。 ②inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 词根变化：invent 动词，发明→ inventor 名词，发明家 例: The inventor made many useful things. 这位发明家发明了很多有用的东西。 （2）职业名词变化规则（仅限已接触过的） 英语职业名词主要有词根+后缀构成，不同后缀对应不同规则，同时存在拼写变化、性别却分和不规则词汇。 ①一般动词直接加er 适用范围最广，多表示动作执行者 例: farm-farmer teach-teacher sing-singer work-worker 以e结尾的动词直接加r 例: write-writer drive-driver dance-dancer ②动词加-or（本单元重点：inventor） 多表示发明家、演员、医生等特殊职业 例: invent-inventor act-actor visit-visitor doctor ③名词后面加-ist 侧重表示领域专家、从业者，多用于学科、艺术领域 例: science-scientist art-artist piano-pianist 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.He wants to be a ______. He likes science. A. science B. scientist C. artist ( )2.Thomas Edison was a great ______. He invented many things. A. invent B. invention C. inventor ( )3.My uncle is a ______. He works in a hospital. A. doctor B. docter C. doctors ( )4. He ______ a farmer when he was young. A. is B. was C. are ( )5. —Who’s your ______? —Yuan Longping. He’s a great rice scientist. A. hero B. heroes C. farmer 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Yuan Longping was a great ________ (science). 2. Edison was an ________ (invent). He ________ (invent) many things. 3. My grandpa is a ________ (farm). He likes ________ (farm). 4. I want to be a ________ (write) when I grow up. 5. There are many ________ (hero) in history. 6. That ________ (sing) is very famous all over the world. 三、按要求改写句子。 1. Yuan Longping was a great scientist.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________________ 2. They are famous heroes.（改为单数句） ________________________________________________________ 3. The inventor worked on new machines.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________________ 4、thanks for的用法 （1）thank sb. for doing sth. 含义：因做某事感谢某人 规则：thank 后接人称代词必须用宾格（me/you/him/her/us/them） 结构：动词thank +宾语(宾格) + for +动词-ing形式 例: Thank him for helping me. 感谢他帮助了我。 （2）thanks for doing sth. 含义：感谢做某事（不指明感谢的对象，日常口语常用） 例: Thanks for cooking dinner for me. 谢谢你为我做晚饭。 ★注：Thanks for后面也可以跟名词，thanks for your help，所以做题时要结合语境判断。 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Thank ______ for ______ my books. A. her; taking B. she; taking C. hers; take ( )2. Thanks for ______ me with my English. A. help B. helping C. helps ( )3. Thank ______ for ______ the windows. A. they; clean B. them; cleaning C. their; cleaned ( )4. —Thanks for your _______. —You’re welcome. A. helps B. helping C. help 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Thank you for ________ (do) the shopping for me. 2. Thank ______ (we) for ______ (share) the toys. 3. Thanks for _________(water) the flowers. 5、see的用法 see 动词v. 表示看见，强调看到的结果，核心用法： ①see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事（全过程、经常做、已经做完） 动词用原形。 ②see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行、片段） 动词用ing形式。 例: I see him go into the room. 我看见他走进了房间。（全过程） We often see her dance in the park. 我们经常看见她在公园里跳舞。（经常性） I see him doing homework at home. 我看见他正在家里写作业。（正在进行） ★注：看见全过程用do，看见正在用doing。 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.I see him ______ on the street now. A. walk B. walking C. walks ( )2.We often see her ______ English in the morning. A. read B. reading C. reads ( )3.I saw a bird ______ in the tree just now. A. sing B. singing C. sings 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I see some children ________(play) football. 2. They often see the boy ________(draw) pictures. 3. She saw him ________(close) the door. 三、连词成句。 1. see, I, them, playing, basketball _____________________________________________________________ 2. saw, she, many, heroes, in, the book (.) . _____________________________________________________________ 6、be born和pass away的用法。 （1）be born 出生（只用过去式：was / were born，没有am/is/are born） 用法区别（必背） ① be born in +大地点/年份/月份/季节 in 1990（年份）、in May（月份）、in Beijing（地点）、in summer（季节） ②be born on + 具体日期/星期几 on May 1st、on Monday、on June 10, 2010 例: I was born in Nanjing.我出生在南京。 He was born in 2012.他出生于2012年。 （2）pass away 去世；逝世（委婉礼貌说法） 过去式：passed away 同义词： die 去世（普通说法） lose one’s life 牺牲；失去生命 例: His grandma passed away in 2021. 他的奶奶在2021年去世了。 The great man died at the age of 92. 这位伟人在92岁时去世。 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.My father was born ______ 1985. A. in B. on C. at ( )2.She was born ______ September 1st. A. in B. on C. at ( )3.His grandma ______ last month. He was very sad. A. pass away B. passed away C. passes away ( )4.Yuan Longping was born ______ Beijing. A. in B. on C. at ( )5.The old man ______ in 2021. A. die B. died C. dies 二、用所给词适当形式填空。 1. I ______ (be) born in 2012. 2. He ______ (pass) away last winter. 3. They ______ (be) born in Shanghai. 7、study的用法 study在本单元中主要有两种词性的变化，动词和名词，课本原文： He did a lot of studies on rice. 他对大米做了很多研究。 When he grew up, he studied farming. 当他长大后，他研究农业。 （1）study作动词，意为“学习，研究”，过去式：studied，三单：studies 常用搭配： ① study +学科 study Chinese 学语文 ② study hard 努力学习 ③ study …with sb 和某人一起学习 ④study to be… 学习成为…… 例: He studies to be a scientist. 他学习想成为一名科学家。 ⑤study sth. 研究某物（单元伟人话题） 例: Scientists study rice. 科学家研究水稻。 【辨析】study和learn learn：侧重 “学会、学到” 结果 learn English 学会英语 study：侧重长时间 “学习、钻研、研究” 过程 study science 钻研科学 （2）study作名词，意为“书房；研究” ①书房 This is my study. 这是我的书房。 ②学习；研究 do a lot of studies 做许多研究 【练一练】 一、用所给词适当形式填空。 1. He ________ (study) science every day. 2. My grandpa ________ (study) farming when he was young. 3. Look! They ________ (study) hard in the classroom. 4. I want ________ (study) to be an inventor. 5. There are many books in my ________ (study). 二、单项选择。 ( )1. Yuan Longping ______ rice all his life. A. study B. studies C. studied ( )2. My brother ______ hard every day. A. studies B. study C. studying ( )3. I like to ______ new things. A. learning B. study C. studies ( )4. This room is my ______. I read books here. A. study B. student C. studies 三、连词成句 1. studied, hard, he, young, was, when, he (.) ___________________________________________________________ 2. scientists, many, rice, study (.) ___________________________________________________________ 3. want, I, to, study, science (.) ___________________________________________________________ 8、farm的用法 （1）farm 名词n. 农场；动词v. 务农，种田 （2）词性变化 farmer n. 农民；农场主 farming n. 农业；务农 （3）核心词组与用法 ① on the farm 在农场（固定搭配，介词用on） 例：He works on the farm.他在农场工作。 ② study farming 学习农业 例：She likes studying farming.她喜欢学习农业。 ③a farmer 一位农民 例：My uncle is a farmer.我的叔叔是一位农民。 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1. My grandpa works ______ a farm. A. on B. in C. at ( )2. He likes _______. He wants to be a ______. A. farm; farming B. farming; farmers C. farming; farmer 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. He likes _______ (farm) very much. 2. My grandfather is a good _______ (farm). 3. He ________(begin) to study ________(farm) at an early age. 4. There are many ________ (farmer) on the farm. 5. They ________ (farm) rice every year. 9、grow的用法 grow 动词v. 种植；长大，成长 过去式：grew 核心用法： （1）grow+农作物 种植某物 例：He grew some vegetables last week. 他上周种植了一些蔬菜。 （2）grow up 长大；成长 例：①I want to be a teacher when I grow up. 我长大后想当一名老师。 ②She grew up in a small town.她在一个小镇长大。 （3）grow up to be… 长大成为…… 例：He grew up to be a great scientist. 他长大成为了一位伟大的科学家。 ★注：使用grow up时要注意其时态，很多情况下需要用其过去式。 【练一练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.I want to be a doctor when I ______. A. grow up B. grows up C. grew up ( )2.He ______ in Beijing when he was young. A. grow up B. grows up C. grew up 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. He ______ (grow) up in Nanjing. 2. I want ________ (be) a scientist when I ______ (grow) up. 3. She ________ (grow) up to be a doctor. 4. Plants _______(grow) fast in summer. 三、根据中文完成句子。 1.当你长大后想成为什么人？ ________ do you want ______ _______ when you _______ ________? 2.我长大后想成为一名发明家。 I want ______ ______ ______ ______ when I ______ ______. 10、give up的用法 give up 放弃 过去式：gave up （1）核心用法 ① give up可单独使用，意为“放弃” don’t give up 不要放弃 ② give up+名词/代词 放弃某事/某物 ★注：代词放中间 give it/them up（不能说give up it） ③ give up + doing sth. 放弃做某事（up是介词，后面动词用ing形式，高频易错） （2）反义词组（必背） keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 never give up 绝不放弃 例：①Don’t give up your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。 ②He never gives up learning English. 他从不放弃学习英语。 ③You should keep on trying. 你应该坚持努力。 【练一练】 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. We should never give up ________ (learn). 2. Don’t _______ (give) up. 3. He _______ (give) up last week. 4. You can’t give _______(they) up easily. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. We shouldn’t give up ______. A. study B. studying C. studied ( )2. Don’t give ______. You can do it. A. in B. on C. up ( )4. Give up ______ is not a good idea. A. try B. trying C. tries 三、按要求完成句子。 1. He gives up working hard.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________ 2. Don’t give up your dream.（同义句） Don’t _______ your dream _______. 11、其他知识点 （1）do the shopping do the shopping 购物、买东西；必须加the 同义短语：go shopping 去购物 do some shopping 买些东西 例：My grandma does the shopping every morning. （2）idea idea 名词n. 主意；想法；看法 ①基础搭配 a good idea 好主意 a bad idea 坏主意 have an idea 有想法；有主意 Good idea! 好主意！（口语常用答语） ②本单元重点搭配 have a good idea for sth. 对于某事/某物有一个好主意；想到解决某事的好办法 用法解析：介词for后接名词/名词短语，用来指明“主意针对的对象”。 例: He has a good idea for our class party. 他为我们的班级派对想到了一个好主意 （3）dream dream 名词n. 梦想；梦 复数：dreams 动词v. 做梦 常用搭配：have a dream 有一个梦想 have two dreams 有两个梦想 例: His dream is to be a scientist. 他的梦想是成为一名科学家。 ★注：梦想实现用短语come true （4）enjoy enjoy 动词v. 享受；喜爱 常用搭配： ①enjoy sth. 享受某物 ②enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事（易错点） 例：I enjoy music. 我喜欢音乐。 She enjoys reading books. 她喜欢看书。 （5）call call 动词 v. 称呼；叫作；打电话；喊 过去式：called 本单元用法： call +人+名字 → 称呼某人……(人称代词用宾格） 例：We call our teacher Ms Li.我们称呼我们的老师李老师。 【拓展】 ①call sb. 给某人打电话 例：She called me yesterday.她昨天给我打电话了。 ②call sb. for help 向某人求助/喊某人帮忙 例：You can call him for help.你可以向他求助。 （6）develop develop 动词v. 研制；开发；发展；培养 过去式：developed 核心用法： ①表示研制、研发（多用于物品、技术、产品） 例：Scientists develop new machines every year. 科学家们每年都会研制新机器。 ②表示发展；壮大 例：Our school develops very fast.我们的学校发展得很快。 ③表示培养（爱好、习惯） 例：I want to develop a new hobby.我想培养一个新爱好。 【拓展】 development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ 名词n. 发展；开发 例：The development of our country is great. 我们国家的发展日新月异。 （7）feed feed 动词v. 喂养；饲养；养活 过去式：fed /fed/ 核心用法： ①feed sb./sth. 喂养某人/某物 例：She feeds her cat every morning.她每天早上喂她的小猫。 ②feed ... with ... 用……喂食…… 例：We feed the birds with rice. 我们用米饭喂小鸟。 【练一练】 一、用所给词的适当形式或根据中文提示填空。 1. Do you have ______ (一个 ) idea about this story? 2. I have two ______ (梦想). 3. He enjoys _________ (swim) in summer. 4. Please call ______ (she) this afternoon. 5. The workers _________ (develop) many new tools three years ago. 6. He often _______ (feed) his pet cat. 7. I _________ (feed) the chickens ten minutes ago. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. My mother ____ the chickens every day. A. feed B. feeds C. fed ( )2. I ____ the fish yesterday afternoon. A. feed B. feeds C. fed ( )3. That is ______ good idea. A. a B. an C. the ( )4. I have a good idea ______ our school trip. A. to B. for C. with ( )5. — Let's fly kites together. — ______ A. Thank you B. Good idea C. Sorry ( )6. I want ______ the shopping for Mrs Pig yesterday. A. to do B. do C. did ( )7. My father ______ the shopping on Sundays. A. do B. does C. is do ( )8. He likes ______ under the tree. A. enjoy the cool B. enjoys the cool C. enjoying the cool ( )9. My sister enjoys ______ cartoons. A. watch B. watches C. watching ( )10. They ______ a new kind of fruit last year. A. develop B. developed C. develops ( )11. My mother ____ me last night. A. call B. calls C. called ( )12.We should ______ good learning habits. A. develop B. developed C. developing ( )13.The ______ of science changes our life. A. develop B. develops C. development 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1. 我为这次绘画比赛想到了一个好主意。 I ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the drawing competition. 2. 你想要和我一起去购物吗？ ______ you like ______ ______ ______ with me? 3. 你可以向警察求助。 You can ______ ______ officers ______ ______ . Unit3 Great people 语法精讲精练 语法：一般过去时的特殊疑问句 本单元的核心是一般过去时的特殊疑问句，分为两类：be动词过去式引导和助动词did引导，用于询问过去发生的事情。 一、句中含be动词（was / were） 1. 结构：特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+其他? 2. 用法 ①Who was...? 询问“是谁/是什么”（过去的身份/状态） 例：—Who was Yuan Longping? 袁隆平是谁？ —He was a great Chinese scientist. 他是一位伟大的中国科学家。 ②How was...? 询问“过去怎么样” 例：—How was school today? 今天学校怎么样？ —It was fun. 很有趣。 二、句中含助动词did 1. 结构：特殊疑问词+ did +主语+动词原形+其他? ★注：did 是助动词，本身无实义，只表示过去时,后面的动词必须用原形！ 2. 用法 ①询问“过去如何发生/实现” 例：—How did her dreams come true? 他的梦想是如何实现的？ —He worked hard and never gave up. 他努力工作，从不放弃。 ②询问过去的行为方式 例：—How did Cai Lun make paper? 蔡伦是如何造纸的？ —He used cheap things to make paper. 他用便宜的材料造纸。 【拓展】 1. 含有行为动词的一般过去时，改为特殊疑问句的方法 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? 即：特殊疑问词+ did +主语+动词原形...? 例：Jack played football after school yesterday.（对划线部分提问） →改为特殊疑问句：What did Jack play after school yesterday?（play为动词原形） 2. 常见特殊疑问词 （1）特殊疑问词可分为疑问代词（what, who, whom, whose, which）、疑问副词（where, why, when, how）及特殊疑问词组。 （2）常见特殊疑问词（组） when 什么时候 what time 什么时候 what 什么 how much 多少钱 who 谁 whose 谁的 where 在哪里 what colour 什么颜色 how 怎么样 how many 多少 why 为什么 how old 几岁 补充：常见不规则动词过去式表 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 be (am/is) was be (are) were go went do/does did have/has had see saw come came get got say said tell told eat ate drink drank run ran sing sang begin began swim swam give gave take took buy bought think thought make made teach taught grow grew take took know knew read read put put cut cut · 专项练习 一、选词填空。 What How Who When Where 1.—________ did you go last Sunday? —I went to Suzhou. 2.—________ took this photo of the moon? —My dad did. 3.—________ did you arrive at the party? —I arrived at six o’ clock in the evening. 4.—________ did you go to London? —I went to London by plane. 5.—________ did you see on the mountain? —I saw a panda. It was eating. 二、单项选择。 ( )1.—______ did you go last weekend? — I went to the park. A. What B. Where C. When ( )2. —______ was your school trip? — It was great. A. How B. What C. Who ( )3. —______ did she do yesterday? — She cleaned her room. A. Where B. What C. Why ( )4. —______ were you late for school this morning? — Because I missed the bus. A. What B. How C. Why ( )5. —______ books did you buy yesterday? — I bought three books. A.How many B. How much C. How old ( )6. —What did they do? —________ A.I had a picnic. B. They go to the park. C. They went swimming in the sea. ( )7. —________ played with Mike yesterday? —Tiantian did. A. Who's B. Whose C. Who ( )8. —What did your mother ________ for you? —She ________a T- shirt with a cute cat. A. bought; buy B. buy; buy C. buy; bought ( )9. —________ was Mike in 2020? —He was eight years old. A. How many B. How old C. How 三、句型转换。 1. They visited the Summer Palace last month.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ last month? 2. We went to Beijing by plane.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ to Beijing? 3. The fashion show was exciting.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ the fashion show? 4. I wanted to give him a nice gift.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ to give him? 5. Tom was late for school because he got up late.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ Tom late for school? 6. They went to Xinjiang last summer holiday.（对画线部分提问） _______ ________ they ________ last summer holiday? 7. Sam ate the ice cream yesterday. _______ _______ the ice cream yesterday? 四、句子匹配。A. By car. B. No, I’m not. C. At six in the afternoon. D. We mustn’t talk loudly. E. For two weeks. F. I brushed my teeth. ( )1. What did you do just now? ( )2. What must we not do in the library? ( )3. How will you go to Oxford? ( )4. Are you going to watch TV this evening? ( )5. When will the party begin? ( )6. How long will you stay in Beijing? 参考答案 知识点讲解 知识点1 一、AC 二、1.working 2.stops 3.to look 知识点2 一、1-4 BBAB 5-8 CBAC 二、1.mangoes 2.homework 3.is 4.glasses; milk 知识点3 一、BCABA 二、1.scientist 2.inventor; invented 3.farmer; farming 4.writer 5.heroes 6.singer 三、1.Was Yuan Longping a great scientist? 2.He is a famous hero. 3.The inventor didn’t work on new machines. 知识点4 一、ABBC 二、1.doing 2.us; sharing 3.watering 知识点5 一、BAB 二、1.playing 2.draw 3.close 三、1.I see them playing basketball. 2.She saw many heroes in the book. 知识点6 一、ABBAB 二、1.was 2.passed 3.were 知识点7 一、1.studies 2.studied 3.are studying 4.to study 5.study 二、CABA 三、1.He studied hard when he was young. 2.Many scientists study rice. 3.I want to study science. 知识点8 一、AC 二、1.farming 2.farmer 3.began; farming 4.farmers 5.farm 知识点9 一、AC 二、1.grew 2.to be; grow 3.grew 4.grow 三、1.What; to be; grow up 2.to be an inventor; grow up 知识点10 一、1.learning 2.give 3.gave 4.them 二、BCB 三、1.He doesn’t give up working hard. 2.give; up 知识点11 一、1.an 2.dreams 3.swimming 4.her 5.developed 6.feeds 7.fed 二、1-5 BCABB 6-10 ABCCB 11-13 CAC 三、1.have a good idea for 2.Would; to go shopping 3.call police; for help 语法精讲精练 · 专项练习 一、1.Where 2.Who 3.When 4.How 5.What 二、1-5 BABCA 6-9 CCCB 三、1.What did; do 2.How did; go 3.How was 4.What did; want 5.Why was 6.Where did; go 7.Who ate 四、1.F 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.E 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $