精品解析：天津市新华中学2026-2027学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷

2026—2027学年度第一学期高二年级 开学收心小练习 英语学科 2026年9月 1. The old man _________ we visited in the countryside is a famous artist. A. when B. whom C. which D. whose 2. — I’m sorry I’m late for the meeting. — _________. We have just begun our meeting. A. You are welcome to come. B. It is very kind of you. C. It doesn’t matter at all. D. I am glad to see you here. 3. Many young people today hope to live independently and support themselves ________. A. in their own right B. by accident C. in broad daylight D. on purpose 4. Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong is_____ for his paintings using oils and the more traditional Chinese method of ink. His goal is_____ Western principles of art with Chinese spirit. A. to know; to combine B. to know; combining C. known; combined D. known; to combine 5. He finally _________ himself for the mistakes he had made before. A. forgave B. was forgiven C. forgives D. will forgive 6. If you cut your finger, you must clean it at once, or it may cause a(n) _________. A. confirmation B. perseverance C. embarrassment D. infection 7. —I have been considering canceling the project because it seems hard to go farther. —But it’s too early to ________ now. There’s still much hope. A. brave the elements B. throw in the towel C. do the trick D. crack a smile 8. — I heard that you are going to study abroad next year. Is it true? — Well, _________. I haven’t decided yet. A. it’s a piece of cake B. it’s up in the air C. it’s a waste of time D. it’s all right 9. This is _________ I disagree with you completely — you always ignore the feelings of others. A. where B. what C. that D. which 10. The government _________ effective measures to protect the endangered animals every year. A. has adopted B. adopts C. is adopting D. adopted 11. Some people are more ________ to criticism than others and feel upset quickly. A. incredible B. sensitive C. remote D. severe 12. The truth is ________ has made him so determined to achieve his goal against all difficulties. A. that B. what C. which D. why 13. Miss Li ________ gets angry, always smiling and talking softly to all students. A. rarely B. regularly C. usually D. frequently 14. The research team, ________ by several famous companies, has made great achievements in medical technology. A. sponsoring B. sponsored C. to sponsor D. to be sponsored 15. We talked about the people and things _________ we remembered in our middle school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 16. The price of the houses has risen ________ in the past decade, causing panic among investors. A. apparently B. occasionally C. rarely D. dramatically 17. He was so nervous that he couldn’t ________ what he really wanted to say. A. help out B. take a breath C. rise to his feet D. get across 18. The problem is ________ will take charge of the project when the manager is absent. A. that B. whom C. whose D. who 19. Jeffery, a natural science communicator, can artfully explain a(n) ________ topic and get it across to his audience. A. essential B. complicated C. permanent D. primitive 20. She won’t give up learning English ________ she finds it difficult sometimes. A. unless B. though C. because D. if 21. — I’ve tried hundreds of times but still can’t work out the physics problem. — Don’t lose heart. _________. You’ll surely make it sooner or later. A. Keep your chin up B. Fight fire with fire C. Cut the story short D. It serves you right 22. I’m writing to express my gratitude for your ________ in solving the problem together with the colleagues. A. rejection B. dilemma C. cooperation D. affection 23. He _________ his previous job because he wanted to pursue a more challenging career. A. quit B. will quit C. quits D. was quitting 24. This is the student ________ handwriting is the most beautiful in our class. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 25. New measures have been adopted to ______ local industry. A. approve B. compete C. occupy D. promote 26. The first prize _________ she won in the competition made her parents very proud. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 27. The President is really _________ of the good working environment that Chairman Helms has created on foreign policy issues. A. worthy B. appropriate C. cruel D. appreciative 28. Lily was determined to become a teacher and finally her perseverance ________. A. paid off B. got off C. called off D. took off 29. After the teacher ________ each student a specific topic for the research paper, she reminded everyone to finish the first draft by next Friday. A. assigned B. composed C. examined D. entertained 30. Besides athletic achievements, he also made great ______ progress in his major subjects. A. intellectual B. precious C. academic D. classic 31. In spite of years of receiving ________ from editors, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a published writer. A. preference B. intention C. arrangement D. rejection 32. While listening, remember that it is _____ to listen only with your ears; you must listen with your brain as well. A. permanent B. insufficient C. essential D. complicated 33. —Hey! I got a text saying I won a free round-trip ticket to Tokyo. —Be careful ! It’s a scam. Many a person _________ by such tricks before. A. is being cheated B. were cheated C. has been cheated D. have been cheated 34. If you fail to ________ a proper way to balance study and rest, you will easily suffer from heavy pressure and low learning efficiency. A. turn to B. pass away C. figure out D. cheer up 35. In order to ________ her business skills in the field, Catherine is taking a related course. A. deepen B. sharpen C. identify D. broaden 36. By entering high school, you your journey to a perfect self. A. set in motion B. throw light on C. give one hint to D. fall behind 37. The actor used an _________ tone of voice to make the play more interesting. A. flexible B. accurate C. magnificent D. exaggerated 38. According to the data, the number of students who have registered for hiking ________ over the past five years. A. are increasing B. is increasing C. have been increasing D. has been increasing 39. Ms. Johnson will be ________ organizing the annual company conference this year. A. in charge of B. in terms of C. in favour of D. in control of 40. By the time the concert kicked off, all the instruments________ perfectly. A. have adjusted B. had adjusted C. have been adjusted D. had been adjusted 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026—2027学年度第一学期高二年级 开学收心小练习 英语学科 2026年9月 1. The old man _________ we visited in the countryside is a famous artist. A. when B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们在乡下拜访的那位老人是一位著名的艺术家。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The old man，指人，在定语从句中，及物动词visited后缺少宾语，因此需要使用指代人的关系代词whom来引导该从句，并在从句中充当宾语。 2. — I’m sorry I’m late for the meeting. — _________. We have just begun our meeting. A. You are welcome to come. B. It is very kind of you. C. It doesn’t matter at all. D. I am glad to see you here. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——很抱歉我开会迟到了。——没关系。我们才刚刚开始开会。A. You are welcome to come.欢迎你来；B. It is very kind of you.你真是太好了；C. It doesn’t matter at all.一点也没关系；D. I am glad to see you here.很高兴在这儿见到你。根据“I’m sorry I’m late for the meeting.”可知，对方为迟到表达歉意，且会议刚刚开始，此处应回应道歉，表示没关系。 3. Many young people today hope to live independently and support themselves ________. A. in their own right B. by accident C. in broad daylight D. on purpose 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今许多年轻人希望独立生活，并凭自己的能力养活自己。A. in their own right凭自己的能力；B. by accident偶然；C. in broad daylight在光天化日之下；D. on purpose故意地。由语意可知，in their own right表示凭借自身的能力，与live independently and support themselves“独立生活并养活自己”相呼应，符合语境。 4. Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong is_____ for his paintings using oils and the more traditional Chinese method of ink. His goal is_____ Western principles of art with Chinese spirit. A. to know; to combine B. to know; combining C. known; combined D. known; to combine 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态、非谓语动词。句意：中国艺术家吴冠中因其使用油画颜料和更为传统的中国水墨画方法而闻名。他的目标是将西方艺术原则与中国精神相结合。第一个空，know“知道”与主语Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong为被动关系，本空用过去分词known，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。be known for是固定短语，意为“因……而闻名”，第一个空应填known。第二个空作表语，combine表示“使结合”，需用不定式，说明目标的具体内容，第二个空填to combine。故选D。 5. He finally _________ himself for the mistakes he had made before. A. forgave B. was forgiven C. forgives D. will forgive 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他最终原谅了自己以前犯下的错误。所填词在主句中作谓语，主语He与谓语动词之间为主动关系，要使用主动语态。he had made before是省略that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the mistakes，从句谓语用了过去完成时had made，可知“犯错误”这个动作发生在“过去的过去”，即发生在主句谓语之前；由此可推知，主句谓语发生在过去，应用一般过去时，forgave符合要求。 6. If you cut your finger, you must clean it at once, or it may cause a(n) _________. A. confirmation B. perseverance C. embarrassment D. infection 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你割破了手指，你必须立刻清洗，否则可能会引起感染。A. confirmation确认；B. perseverance毅力；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. infection感染。根据“cut your finger”及“clean it at once”可知，割破手指不及时清洗会导致感染。 7. —I have been considering canceling the project because it seems hard to go farther. —But it’s too early to ________ now. There’s still much hope. A. brave the elements B. throw in the towel C. do the trick D. crack a smile 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为它似乎很难再推进下去了。——但现在轻言放弃还为时过早，事情还有很大的希望。A. brave the elements不顾恶劣天气；B. throw in the towel半途而废，放弃；C. do the trick奏效，达到预期效果；D. crack a smile笑了起来。根据下文“There’s still much hope”可知，现在轻言放弃还为时过早。故选B。 8. — I heard that you are going to study abroad next year. Is it true? — Well, _________. I haven’t decided yet. A. it’s a piece of cake B. it’s up in the air C. it’s a waste of time D. it’s all right 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我听说你明年打算出国留学。是真的吗？——嗯，悬而未决。我还没决定呢。A. a piece of cake小菜一碟；B. up in the air悬而未决；C. a waste of time浪费时间；D. all right没关系。根据后文“I haven’t decided yet.(我还没决定呢)”可知，出国留学这件事还没有确定，处于悬而未决状态。 9. This is _________ I disagree with you completely — you always ignore the feelings of others. A. where B. what C. that D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：这就是我完全不同意你的地方——你总是忽略别人的感受。空处引导名词性从句作is的表语，结合“I disagree with you completely”可知，从句中缺少地点状语，空处需表达“……的地方/方面”，应用连接副词where作引导词。 10. The government _________ effective measures to protect the endangered animals every year. A. has adopted B. adopts C. is adopting D. adopted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：政府每年都采取有效措施来保护濒危动物。根据时间状语“every year”可知，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词应用一般现在时。 11. Some people are more ________ to criticism than others and feel upset quickly. A. incredible B. sensitive C. remote D. severe 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：一些人比其他人对批评更敏感，并且很快就会感到难过。A. incredible难以置信的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. remote冷漠的；D. severe严厉的。根据“feel upset quickly”可知，“很快就会感到难过”的人群应该是对批评更“敏感”，短语be sensitive to...意为“对……敏感”。 12. The truth is ________ has made him so determined to achieve his goal against all difficulties. A. that B. what C. which D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：正是这个事实，让他下定决心冲破重重困难，去实现自己的目标。分析句子结构可知，is后面为表语从句。在表语从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事情”，需用连接代词what来引导。 13. Miss Li ________ gets angry, always smiling and talking softly to all students. A. rarely B. regularly C. usually D. frequently 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：李老师很少发脾气，总是面带微笑，轻声与所有学生交谈。A. rarely很少；B. regularly定期地；C. usually通常；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文“always smiling and talking softly to all students”可知，李老师很少发脾气，总是面带微笑，轻声与所有学生交谈。故选A。 14. The research team, ________ by several famous companies, has made great achievements in medical technology. A. sponsoring B. sponsored C. to sponsor D. to be sponsored 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：由几家著名公司赞助的这个研究团队在医疗技术方面取得了巨大成就。句子已有谓语has made，空处应填入非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰主语，动词sponsor“赞助”与被修饰词The research team逻辑上是被动关系，结合“has made great achievements”可知，“赞助”的动作已经发生，故使用过去分词形式。 15. We talked about the people and things _________ we remembered in our middle school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们谈论了我们在中学时记得的人和事。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the people and things，关系词在从句中作动词remembered的宾语，且先行词既包含人又包含物，此时关系代词只能使用that。 16. The price of the houses has risen ________ in the past decade, causing panic among investors. A. apparently B. occasionally C. rarely D. dramatically 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十年里，房价急剧上涨，在投资者中引起了恐慌。A. apparently显然地；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. rarely很少地；D. dramatically急剧地，显著地。根据后文“causing panic among investors”可知，房价急剧上涨才会在投资者中引起了恐慌。故选D。 17. He was so nervous that he couldn’t ________ what he really wanted to say. A. help out B. take a breath C. rise to his feet D. get across 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他太紧张了，没能把自己真正想说的话表达清楚。A. help out帮忙；B. take a breath深呼吸；C. rise to his feet站起身；D. get across（想法、话语）讲清楚，使人理解。根据语境和“what he really wanted to say”可知，此处指没能表达清楚想说的内容，get across符合句意。 18. The problem is ________ will take charge of the project when the manager is absent. A. that B. whom C. whose D. who 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：问题是当经理不在时，谁将负责这个项目。is后面为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“谁”，指代人，应用who引导。 19. Jeffery, a natural science communicator, can artfully explain a(n) ________ topic and get it across to his audience. A. essential B. complicated C. permanent D. primitive 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jeffery是一名自然科学传播者，他能巧妙地解释一个复杂话题，并让听众理解。A. essential基本的；B. complicated复杂的；C. permanent永久的；D. primitive原始的。分析句意，由“自然科学传播者”“巧妙地解释”“让听众理解”的描述可知，这里指的是复杂的话题需要技巧性讲解，所以用complicated。故选B项。 20. She won’t give up learning English ________ she finds it difficult sometimes. A. unless B. though C. because D. if 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：她不会放弃学习英语，尽管有时她觉得它很难。A. unless除非；B. though尽管；C. because因为；D. if如果。句中前半句“她不会放弃学习英语”与后半句“有时她觉得它很难”之间构成逻辑上的让步关系，需要使用表示“尽管”的连词though来引导让步状语从句。 21. — I’ve tried hundreds of times but still can’t work out the physics problem. — Don’t lose heart. _________. You’ll surely make it sooner or later. A. Keep your chin up B. Fight fire with fire C. Cut the story short D. It serves you right 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我已经尝试了数百次，但仍然解不出这道物理题。——别灰心。振作起来。你迟早一定会成功的。A. Keep your chin up振作起来；B. Fight fire with fire以毒攻毒；C. Cut the story short长话短说；D. It serves you right你活该。根据“Don’t lose heart.”和“You’ll surely make it sooner or later.”可知，此处是在鼓励对方不要气馁，振作起来。 22. I’m writing to express my gratitude for your ________ in solving the problem together with the colleagues. A. rejection B. dilemma C. cooperation D. affection 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我写这封信是为了感谢你与同事们一同解决问题时给予的配合。A. rejection拒绝；B. dilemma困境；C. cooperation合作；D. affection喜爱。根据后文“solving the problem together with the colleagues”可知，多人共同处理问题依靠合作。 23. He _________ his previous job because he wanted to pursue a more challenging career. A. quit B. will quit C. quits D. was quitting 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他辞去了以前的工作，因为他想追求一份更具挑战性的职业。根据原因状语从句中的谓语动词wanted可知，事情发生在过去，主句表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词quit的过去式为quit。 24. This is the student ________ handwriting is the most beautiful in our class. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这就是我们班字迹最漂亮的那个学生。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the student，且关系词在从句中作名词handwriting的定语，表示“这个学生的”，两者之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose。 25. New measures have been adopted to ______ local industry. A. approve B. compete C. occupy D. promote 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地已采取新措施来促进地方工业。A. approve赞成；B. compete竞争；C. occupy占领；D. promote促进。由语意可知，新措施用于促进当地工业。故选D。 26. The first prize _________ she won in the competition made her parents very proud. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：她在比赛中获得的一等奖让她的父母非常自豪。“______ she won in the competition”为定语从句，先行词是prize，指物，且先行词被序数词first修饰，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词只能用that。 27. The President is really _________ of the good working environment that Chairman Helms has created on foreign policy issues. A. worthy B. appropriate C. cruel D. appreciative 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总统非常欣赏Helms主席在外交政策问题上创造的良好工作环境。A. worthy值得的；B. appropriate合适的；C. cruel残忍的；D. appreciative感激的，欣赏的。根据句意可知，此处意为“欣赏”，表达为be appreciative of，故应用形容词appreciative，故选D。 28. Lily was determined to become a teacher and finally her perseverance ________. A. paid off B. got off C. called off D. took off 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lily决心成为一名教师，她的坚持最终得到回报。A. paid off还清，（某行动）取得成功，奏效，带来好结果；B. get off下车；C. called off取消；D. took off脱下，起飞，突然成功。结合语境可知，此处指她的坚持最终奏效了，成为一名教师。故选A项。 29. After the teacher ________ each student a specific topic for the research paper, she reminded everyone to finish the first draft by next Friday. A. assigned B. composed C. examined D. entertained 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在老师给每位学生分配了相应的研究论文主题之后，她再次提醒大家要在下周五之前完成初稿。A. assigned分配；B. composed组成；C. examined检查；D. entertained娱乐。根据后文“each student a specific topic for the research paper”指老师给每位学生分配了相应的研究论文主题。故选A。 30. Besides athletic achievements, he also made great ______ progress in his major subjects. A. intellectual B. precious C. academic D. classic 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：除了体育成就，他在主修科目上也取得了很大的学业进步。 A. intellectual智力的；脑力的；B. precious珍贵的；宝贵的；C. academic学术的；学业的；D. classic经典的；典型的。 根据in his major subjects可知，他在主修科目上也取得了很大的学业进步。故选C。 31. In spite of years of receiving ________ from editors, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a published writer. A. preference B. intention C. arrangement D. rejection 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管多年来一直遭到编辑的拒绝，但她仍坚持不懈地努力，试图成为一名有作品发表的作家。A. preference偏爱；B. intention目的，打算；C. arrangement安排；D. rejection拒绝。由she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a published writer可知，此处表示“遭到编辑的拒绝”，空格处意为“拒绝”，故选D。 32. While listening, remember that it is _____ to listen only with your ears; you must listen with your brain as well. A. permanent B. insufficient C. essential D. complicated 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：倾听时，要记住，仅仅用耳朵倾听是不够的；你也必须用你的大脑倾听。A. permanent永久的；B. insufficient不够的；C. essential必不可少的；D. complicated复杂的。由listen only with your ears; you must listen with your brain as well可知，只是用耳朵听是不够的，空格处意为“不够的”，故选B。 33. —Hey! I got a text saying I won a free round-trip ticket to Tokyo. —Be careful ! It’s a scam. Many a person _________ by such tricks before. A. is being cheated B. were cheated C. has been cheated D. have been cheated 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态与主谓一致。句意：——嘿！我收到短信说我中了一张去东京的免费往返机票。——当心！这是骗局。以前很多人都被这种伎俩骗过。many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；before常与现在完成时连用，且主语与cheat之间为被动关系，所以谓语动词为has been cheated。故选C项。 34. If you fail to ________ a proper way to balance study and rest, you will easily suffer from heavy pressure and low learning efficiency. A. turn to B. pass away C. figure out D. cheer up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你没能想出一个平衡学习和休息的合适方法，你很容易就会承受巨大压力，学习效率也会低下。A. turn to求助于；B. pass away去世；C. figure out想出、弄明白；D. cheer up振作起来。结合a proper way to balance study and rest可知，空格处应表达“想出”，用figure out。 35. In order to ________ her business skills in the field, Catherine is taking a related course. A. deepen B. sharpen C. identify D. broaden 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了提升她在这一领域的商业技能，凯瑟琳正在学习一门相关课程。A. deepen加深，使深刻；B. sharpen使锋利，使提高（技能、能力等）；C. identify识别，认出；D. broaden拓宽，扩大。根据“Catherine is taking a related course”可知，凯瑟琳学习相关课程是为了提升自己的商业技能，“sharpen”有“使提高（技能、能力等）”的意思，符合语境，故选B。 36. By entering high school, you your journey to a perfect self. A. set in motion B. throw light on C. give one hint to D. fall behind 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：进入高中，你就开启了通往完美自我的旅程。A. set in motion启动，开启；B. throw light on阐明，使……清楚；C. give one hint to给……暗示；D. fall behind落后。根据“your journey to a perfect self”（通往完美自我的旅程）的语境，此处表达“开启”旅程，set in motion符合句意。故选A项。 37. The actor used an _________ tone of voice to make the play more interesting. A. flexible B. accurate C. magnificent D. exaggerated 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位演员使用夸张的语调，让这部戏剧更加有趣。A. flexible灵活的；B. accurate准确的；C. magnificent宏伟的；D. exaggerated夸张的。空格处修饰tone of voice，且修饰make the play more interesting，表达“夸张的”，用exaggerated。 38. According to the data, the number of students who have registered for hiking ________ over the past five years. A. are increasing B. is increasing C. have been increasing D. has been increasing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：根据数据，在过去的五年里，报名参加徒步旅行的学生人数一直在增加。根据时间状语over the past five years可知，谓语动词需用现在完成进行时，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在并可能继续下去；the number of + 可数名词复数，作主语时，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词需用单数形式，所以此处助动词需用has。 39. Ms. Johnson will be ________ organizing the annual company conference this year. A. in charge of B. in terms of C. in favour of D. in control of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Johnson女士将负责组织今年的公司年会。A. in charge of负责，管理；B. in terms of就……而言，在……方面；C. in favour of支持，赞同；D. in control of控制。由语意可知，此处表示Johnson女士将承担组织年会的责任，in charge of强调对某项任务或活动的“负责”，符合语境。in control of虽也有“掌管”之意，但更侧重对局面或机构的支配权，不如in charge of与organizing搭配自然。故选A项。 40. By the time the concert kicked off, all the instruments________ perfectly. A. have adjusted B. had adjusted C. have been adjusted D. had been adjusted 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：到音乐会开始的时候，所有乐器都已调试好。By the time引导时间状语从句，从句the concert kicked off是一般过去时，主句动作adjust the instruments发生在“音乐会开始”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，且主语all the instruments和adjust之间是被动关系，使用被动语态。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $