Unit1强化单元测试题2026-2027学年人教版九年级上册英语

**基本信息** 本单元卷以乡村发展与生态保护为主题，通过完形填空（治沙故事）、阅读理解（乡村旅游/环境改善）等真实情境，考查语言能力与思维品质，适配初中英语单元复习。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|15题|动词/形容词辨析、上下文逻辑|以治沙故事渗透生态意识，考查语境理解| |阅读理解|3篇15题|细节查找、推理判断、主旨归纳|选取乡村旅游（巴查村）、环境改善（余村）等时代素材，培养文化意识| |短文填空|10题|时态（现在完成时）、介词、比较级|塞罕坝植树案例，融合语法与生态教育| |任务型阅读|5题+6空|信息提取、图表概括|交通灯/筷子历史，体现文化传承与思维逻辑性|

U1综合测试 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文（记叙文），从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On my first day at Grandma’s village in 2019, a sudden sandstorm hit us. The wind 1 over the bare hills, and the cornfields looked half-buried (半埋的). “Things keep getting worse,” Grandma said with a 2 look. Most young people had left the village, and few believed this place could be saved. Then I met Mr. He, an old farmer planting small 3 on the hill every day. His back was bent (佝偻的), but his eyes were 4 . “Roots are like nets,” he told me. “They hold the sand 5 .” I decided to help him. Carrying young trees up the hill was far more 6 than I thought. After one week, my hands hurt so much that I wanted to 7 . Mr. He said nothing. He only pointed at a plant that had 8 the whole winter alone. Its leaves were tiny but full of 9 . I felt ashamed (羞愧的) and went on working. Word spread quietly. The next spring, the 10 sent machines to the village, and more families came to 11 us. Even some young people returned, bringing new 12 about selling green products online. Last summer, I came back with my schoolmates. Five years of work had turned the sandy hills into 13 . A cool wind blew through the rows of bushes, and birds sang in the trees. Mr. He walked slowly ahead, smiling 14 . Standing there, I understood his simple words: “Every small plant is a 15 of hope. Keep planting, and nature will keep answering.” 1．A．rang B．blew C．shouted D．flashed 2．A．proud B．angry C．worried D．curious 3．A．corn B．flowers C．vegetables D．bushes 4．A．closed B．blind C．sad D．bright 5．A．apart B．together C．down D．up 6．A．tiring B．boring C．relaxing D．interesting 7．A．cheer up B．stay up C．give up D．wake up 8．A．survived B．missed C．followed D．studied 9．A．noise B．doubt C．water D．power 10．A．school B．government C．hospital D．library 11．A．join B．protect C．teach D．thank 12．A．news B．photos C．ideas D．gifts 13．A．deserts B．gardens C．farms D．forests 14．A．loudly B．quietly C．rudely D．suddenly 15．A．sign B．seed C．secret D．symbol 二、阅读理解 Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is one of them. The people there have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业). You Mingfen, a 57-year-old local woman, opened a hotel in her own two-floor house. Her family also has a fishing boat. Her husband can use it to get the fresh fish. They offer the fish to the guests from all over China and make the fish skin (皮) and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors. “The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October. It can bring us more than 50,000 yuan a year,” she said. “In winter, we can stay in a warm room and enjoy the free time. It was impossible before. At that time, we almost depended on fishing for a living.” Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly (迅速地). The tourism industry in Bacha brings earnings (收入) for the villagers. Last year, more than 60,000 visitors came here, and the income (收入) for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan. Now, the roads are wider, the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable. Thanks to the good policies (政策) of the government, villagers get more ways to make money. Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown. They can not only care for their families but also build their hometown. 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 16．The development of ________ makes people in Bacha Village become rich. A．tourism B．farming C．fishing 17．Which of the following about You Mingfen is TRUE? A．She is busier in winter. B．She has a one-floor house. C．Her gifts are well-liked by visitors. 18．Which isn’t a change of the village mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．The air is cleaner. B．The roads are wider. C．People are richer. 19．What has encouraged young people to return to Bacha Village? A．The rise in housing prices. B．The development of tourism. C．The lack of job opportunities in big cities. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fishing for a Living B．The Project of Beautiful Villages C．Great Changes in Bacha Chen Zhe comes from Anji county (县) in Huzhou city, Zhejiang Province. When he was young, he enjoyed watching cartoons . During summer and winter holidays, he often sat on a small chair in front of the TV and waited for the cartoons to start. “That was the happiest time of my childhood,” said the 36-year-old. He never imagined that one day he would return to his hometown and start a business that makes use of classic cartoon characters from the films produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio (上海美术电影制片厂). Chen runs a cafe called Mei@Yucun. He opened it in March 2023 in Anji’s Yucun village. The cafe also sells around 100 cultural and creative things like notebooks with cartoon characters on them. Now, Yucun is popular with visitors. But it wasn’t always as it is today. Mei@Yucun, now a modern building, was a factory in the past. In 2003, to improve the environment of the village, Zhejiang started environment-friendly programmes. As its environment improved, lots of visitors came to visit the village. In 2021, the United Nations World Tourism Organization named Yucun one of the “Best Tourism Villages”. One year later, the village ran around 50 projects to encourage young people to participate in village life. Chen’s cafe was one of them. Chen said, “I wanted to bring coffee and cartoon characters to the village to add colour to the countryside.” He plans to cover the outside walls of the building with cartoon characters, to make the countryside more beautiful and creative. 21．What can we know about Chen from the text? ①How old Chen is.                        ②Where Chen is from. ③What Chen’s favourite cartoon is. ④What Chen’s favourite cartoon character is. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ 22．How does the writer show that Yucun wasn’t always as it is today? A．By using a picture. B．By telling a joke. C．By showing a fact. 23．Which of the following is the right order (顺序)? a. Chen opened Mei@Yucun. b. Yucun ran around 50 projects. c. Yucun became one of the “Best Tourism Villages”. d. Zhejiang started environment-friendly programmes. A．a-b-c-d B．b-c-d-a C．d-c-b-a 24．What do the underlined words “participate in” probably mean? A．Talk about. B．Take part in. C．Look forward to. 25．What is the best title for the text? A．The Happiest Time of Chen’s Childhood B．Environment-Friendly Programmes in Yucun C．Cartoon Characters Make the Countryside Beautiful People in our village lived by planting fruit trees when I was very young. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because of the shortage of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (水渠) and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly after, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 26．What troubled the villagers most? A．They had too much work. B．They could only grow fruit trees. C．It was not convenient to go up the hill. D．There wasn’t enough water in the orchard. 27．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to”? A．Prepared much for. B．Gave money to. C．Put much effort into. D．Looked forward to. 28．What is the right order of the things that happened according to the passage? ①The writer moved to the city for his junior high school. ②The villagers had to carry water from the river to water the trees. ③With the people’s efforts, the countryside changed a lot in many ways. ④In order to solve the shortage of water, people started to build the water conservation project. A．②①④③ B．②④①③ C．①③④② D．①④③② 29．What can we infer from the passage? A．The grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city. B．The village is a place of interest for tourists now. C．There will be more fruit production in the village. D．More people like to work in the countryside nowadays. 30．What can be the best title for the passage? A．How is a village improved? B．Who are the good men? C．Why do people come back? D．What does a hometown mean? 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Saihanba, which means “a beautiful high mountain” in Mongolian, lies in northern Hebei Province. Sixty years ago, it was nothing but bare sand. Wang Shanghai 31 (move) to this sandy land with his family in 1962. He 32 (lead) a team of 369 young workers to plant trees there. Life was hard. There were few trees 33 (hold) the soil together. In winter, temperatures fell far 34 zero, and strong winds buried their small houses in sand. Some workers lost their lives in the early years, but nobody left the forest. For the next sixty years, the rangers kept 35 planting, tree after tree, year after year. Their dream has finally come true. Today, Saihanba 36 (become) the world’s largest man-made forest. Since 2010, millions of tourists 37 (visit) this “green miracle”, and local people now live a much 38 (good) life than before. Wang has been gone for years, but the trees he planted stand high. “Green hills are gold hills,” his team often says 39 (proud). For the rangers, hard work 40 (bring) about the miracle so far. The sound of the leaves is the answer the green hills give to the world. 四、任务型阅读 The history of traffic lights can date back to the 19th century in Britain. London was a busy city with horse-drawn carriages (马车). They often caused many accidents. At the same time, there was a fashion rule in London—women in red showed that they were married and green for unmarried. This gave people the idea for using red and green as traffic signs later. On December 10th, 1868, British mechanic (机械师) De Hart designed the world’s first traffic light with only red and green. A policeman had to pull a belt to change the lights: red meant “stop”, and green meant “go”. At first, it worked well and reduced accidents. However, this traffic light exploded (爆炸) after 23 days. The light was turned off, but the idea stayed alive. In 1914, electric traffic lights were first used in America. Red and green still did their jobs. Then they were safer and easier to see. In 1927, a Chinese student named Hu Ruding was studying in the US. He noticed drivers sometimes rushed when the light changed. “What if there’s a middle color to slow people down?”he thought. That was how the yellow light was born, meaning “get ready to stop”. Around the same time, an American policeman named William Potts created the first three-color traffic lights for all directions. They made crossroads much safer. These colors were not chosen by chance. Red is easy to see, like a fire alarm, so it means “Danger—stop!” Yellow is a warning, like a sign that says “Be careful—slow down!” Green, like a forest, tells us “Safe to go!” Together, they form a common language that keeps safe every day. Whether traffic lights or something else, noticing and thinking “what if” can change the world! 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 41．When did the world’s first traffic light with only red and green appear? 42．Who suggested adding a yellow light to traffic signs? 43．What was William Potts? 44．What can we learn from the last paragraph? (不超过15 个词) 45．Write an ending sentence for the passage. (不超过15 个词) 根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。每空不超过三个词。 Researchers found the earliest known chopsticks at the Yin Ruins in Henan province, dating back to around 1200 BC during the Shang Dynasty. According to the research, these bronze (青铜的) chopsticks were not used for eating at that time. They were long, reaching 26 cm, and people used them to reach deep into pots to stir and mix food. However, around 2,000 years ago, during the Han Dynasty, a great change took place. As the Han Dynasty developed, people from the south began eating more rice, which is easy to pick up with two sticks. In the north, wheat became more common, leading to noodles and dumplings, which are easier to eat with chopsticks. The ideas of some thinkers, such as Confucius, also helped promote (促进) the use of chopsticks as eating tools. In their opinion, using knives at the dinner table would remind people of killing, while chopsticks would not. By around 500 AD, chopsticks had spread (传播) from China to Korea, Japan, and other Asian countries. In each new place, chopsticks changed a lot. For example, in Japan, people lived near the sea, and fish was their main food. Therefore, they made their chopsticks shorter and pointed (尖锐的) at the ends, which were perfect for eating fish. Actually, the Chinese name of chopsticks also changed over time. At first, people called them “zhu”, which was a homophone (同音异形词) of the Chinese character that means “stop”— a bad sign for boatmen. Later, they began to call the chopsticks “kuai” (meaning “fast”), hoping for a safe and fast journey. From a simple tool to a symbol of culture, the chopstick’s journey shows how one small object can change and grow, connecting people across time and distance. The Changes of Chopsticks Changes in 46 :* Around 1200 BC during the Shang Dynasty, chopsticks are long, and people considered them as 47 . * During the Han Dynasty, people used them to eat because of changes in their eating 48 and the 49 of some thinkers’ ideas. Changes in different countries: * By around 500 AD, chopsticks had spread to different Asian countries, and they changed a lot in each new place. For example, in Japan, people changed chopsticks’ 50 to fit local needs. Changes in name: * At first, chopsticks were called “zhu”, but because its 51 was linked to “stop”—a bad sign for boatmen, people later changed the name to “kuai”. 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案解析 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文讲述作者2019年在奶奶村庄遇沙尘暴后，助何先生种树治沙，最终带动众人将沙丘变森林的感人故事。 【详解】1．句意：大风刮过光秃秃的山丘，玉米地看起来半被沙土掩埋。 前文提到沙尘暴来袭，blew意为“吹”，用来描述风吹过山丘，贴合句意。rang意为“响铃”；shouted意为“大喊”；flashed意为“闪光”，代入句子不符合沙尘暴场景。 2．句意：“情况越来越糟了”，奶奶面露担忧地说。 环境持续恶化，奶奶内心充满忧虑，worried意为“担忧的”，贴合句意。proud意为“骄傲的”；angry意为“生气的”；curious意为“好奇的”，代入句子语义不通。 3．句意：然后我遇见何先生，一位老农，他每天都在山上种植小灌木。 文章末尾提及一排排灌木，bushes意为“灌木”，这类植物适合用来固沙治沙，贴合句意。corn意为“玉米”；flowers意为“花”；vegetables意为“蔬菜”，不适合在荒山用来治理沙土。 4．句意：他的脊背佝偻，但是他的眼睛明亮。 句中but体现转折关系，虽身形苍老，但眼神充满希望，bright意为“明亮的”，贴合句意。closed意为“闭上的”；blind意为“失明的”；sad意为“悲伤的”，代入句子不符合人物形象。 5．句意：根就像网，它们把沙子聚拢在一起。 根系的作用是聚拢沙土防止流失，together意为“一起”，hold…together表示把……聚拢在一起，贴合句意。apart意为“分开”；down意为“向下”；up意为“向上”，代入句子语义不通。 6．句意：把小树苗扛上山，远比我想象的要累得多。 扛树苗上山属于繁重体力活，tiring意为“令人疲惫的”，贴合句意。boring意为“无聊的”；relaxing意为“令人放松的”；interesting意为“有趣的”，代入句子不符合语境。 7．句意：一周之后，我的手疼得厉害，我想要放弃。 手部疼痛难忍，让作者产生停下劳作的想法，give up意为“放弃”，贴合句意。cheer up意为“振作起来”；stay up意为“熬夜”；wake up意为“醒来”，代入句子语义不通。 8．句意：他只是指着一株独自熬过整个冬天存活下来的植物。 这株植物熬过寒冬依然存活，survived意为“存活，幸存”，贴合句意。missed意为“错过，想念”；followed意为“跟随”；studied意为“学习，研究”，代入句子语义不通。 9．句意：它的叶子很小，但是充满力量。 渺小的植物顽强越冬，蕴含生命的力量，power意为“力量”，贴合句意。noise意为“噪音”；doubt意为“怀疑”；water意为“水”，代入句子语义不通。 10．句意：消息悄悄传开。第二年春天，政府给村庄派送机器，更多家庭来加入我们。 能够调拨机器支援乡村生态治理的主体是政府，government意为“政府”，贴合句意。school意为“学校”；hospital意为“医院”；library意为“图书馆”，代入句子语义不通。 11．句意：第二年春天，政府给村庄派送机器，更多家庭来加入我们。 越来越多家庭前来参与治沙这项工作，join意为“加入”，贴合句意。protect意为“保护”；teach意为“教”；thank意为“感谢”，代入句子语义不通。 12．句意：甚至一些年轻人回来了，带来网上销售绿色农产品的新想法。 线上售卖农产品属于全新思路，ideas意为“想法，主意”，贴合句意。news意为“新闻”；photos意为“照片”；gifts意为“礼物”，代入句子语义不通。 13．句意：五年的劳作，把沙地变成了森林。 后文提到灌木丛、林中飞鸟，说明沙地已经变为林地，forests意为“森林”，贴合句意。deserts意为“沙漠”；gardens意为“花园”；farms意为“农场”，代入句子不符合语境。 14．句意：何先生慢慢走在前面，安静地微笑。 老人看到环境改善，从容欣慰地静静微笑，quietly意为“安静地”，贴合句意。loudly意为“大声地”；rudely意为“粗鲁地”；suddenly意为“突然地”，代入句子语义不通。 15．句意：每一株小小的植物都是一颗希望的种子。不断栽种，大自然就会不断回应。 此处运用比喻，植物种子代表希望，seed意为“种子”，贴合句意。sign意为“标志”；secret意为“秘密”；symbol意为“象征”，代入句子不如seed契合种树、播种希望的文章主旨。 16．A 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了过去十年中国乡村发生巨变，以黑龙江省巴查村为例，介绍其通过发展旅游业使村民致富、生活条件改善以及年轻人返乡建设家乡的情况。 【详解】16．根据文章第1段“The people there have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业).”可知巴查村人们致富是因为旅游业的发展。 17．根据文章第2段“They offer the fish to the guests from all over China and make the fish skin (皮) and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors.”可知她制作的礼物很受游客欢迎。 18．根据文章第4段“the income (收入) for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan. Now, the roads are wider, the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable.”可知文中提到了人们更富裕和道路更宽，未提及空气更清洁。 19．根据文章第4段和第5段“Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly... Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown.”可知旅游业的发展鼓励了年轻人返乡。 20．根据文章第1段“Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is one of them.”可知文章主要讲述巴查村的巨大变化。 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了36 岁的陈喆受童年动画影响，回到家乡余村开设融合卡通元素的咖啡馆，介绍了余村环境改善、获得荣誉及吸引青年参与乡村建设的过程。 【详解】21．第一段指出“Chen Zhe comes from Anji county in Huzhou city, Zhejiang Province.”以及第二段指出“said the 36-year-old”，说明我们知道他的家乡和年龄，对应①②。文中未提及他最喜欢的动画片或动画角色，③④无法确定。 22．第三段通过陈述事实“Mei@Yucun, now a modern building was a factory in the past.”来说明余村过去的状况，即通过事实来展示变化。 23．根据时间顺序：2003年浙江启动环保项目（d）；2021年余村入选“最佳旅游乡村”（c）；2022年余村启动约50个项目（b）；2023年3月陈喆开设咖啡馆（a），因此正确顺序为d-c-b-a。 24．划线词所在句“to encourage young people to participate in village life”意为“鼓励年轻人______乡村生活”，结合上下文可知是“参与”，与“Take part in”同义。 25．全文围绕陈喆将经典动画角色引入乡村咖啡馆，为乡村增添色彩和创意，因此“Cartoon Characters Make the Countryside Beautiful”最能概括文章主旨。 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文讲述作者的家乡曾因缺水导致水果产量低，政府人员前来修建水利工程后村庄发生巨大改变，作者由此感慨不应忘记自己的故乡。 【详解】26．第一段指出问题：“the production level of fruit was still low because of the shortage of water there”，这直接说明果园缺水是困扰村民最大的问题。 27．根据最后一段“Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside.”可知，这些人为农村的发展付出了大量努力；结合前文他们带领工人修建水渠和水利工程可知，“devoted themselves to”意为“投入大量精力于……”。 28．根据文章可知，最开始“they had to carry water from the river”，②首先发生；后来“canals and other projects began to be built”，④发生；之后作者“moved to another city for my junior high school”，①发生；最后回到家乡时发现“everything had changed”，③发生。因此正确顺序为②④①③。 29．根据第四段“a policy was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river”可知，水利工程完成后，政府出台政策鼓励村民增加水果产量，因此可以推测村里的水果产量还会进一步增加。 30．全文讲述村庄因为修建水利工程，缺水问题得到解决，乡村面貌得到改善，因此最佳标题是“How is a village improved?”。 31．moved 32．led 33．to hold 34．below 35．on 36．has become 37．have visited 38．better 39．proudly 40．has brought 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍塞罕坝六十年前是荒沙地，三代护林人坚持植树，终成世界最大人工林，实现“绿水青山就是金山银山”。 【详解】31．句意：王尚海于1962年和他的家人搬到了这片沙土地上。时间状语是“in 1962”，明确表示过去的时间，因此谓语动词需要用一般过去时，move的过去式为moved。 32．句意：他带领一支由369名年轻工人组成的队伍去那里种树。整段叙述的是过去的事情（1962年），时态应与前后文一致，用一般过去时。lead的过去式是不规则变化led。 33．句意：几乎没有树来固定土壤。空处需要用不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词trees，意为“固定土壤的树”。故填to hold。 34．句意：冬天，气温远降至零度以下，强风把他们的小屋埋在了沙子里。提到“In winter, temperatures fell”（温度）和“zero”，这里需要填一个介词，表示“低于”零度，below意为“在……以下”，“below zero”是固定搭配，表示“零度以下”。故填below。 35．句意：在接下来的六十年里，护林员们坚持种树，一棵接一棵，一年又一年。此处为固定搭配“keep on doing”，意为“坚持做某事、继续做某事”，“keep on planting”表示“坚持种树”，强调持续不断的动作。故填on。 36．句意：如今，塞罕坝已成为世界上最大的人工林。时间状语是Today（如今），表示从过去到现在的变化结果，强调对现在的影响，主语是第三人称单数Saihanba，因此用现在完成时has become。 37．句意：自2010年以来，数百万游客已经参观了这个“绿色奇迹”，当地人们现在生活得比以前好得多。时间状语是“Since 2010”（自2010年以来），表示从过去某一时间点持续到现在的动作，因此用现在完成时，主语是“millions of tourists”（复数），助动词用have。故填have visited。 38．句意：当地人们现在生活得比以前好得多。good是形容词，修饰名词life，位于much之后，需使用good的比较级better。 39．句意：“绿水青山就是金山银山，”他的团队经常自豪地说。空处需使用形容词proud的副词形式proudly，修饰前面的动词says。 40．句意：对于护林员们来说，辛勤工作至今已带来了这一奇迹。时间状语是“so far”（至今、到目前为止），这是现在完成时的标志词，主语是hard work”（不可数），助动词用has，bring的过去分词为brought。 41．On December 10th, 1868. 42．A Chinese student named Hu Ruding. 43．An American policeman. 44．We should notice everyday things and think “what if”. 45．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Traffic lights help us live a safer life. 【导语】本文主要介绍了交通信号灯的发展历史，包括最早的红绿灯、黄灯的由来以及三色信号灯的出现，解释了信号灯颜色的含义，并告诉我们留意日常事物并思考可以改变世界。 【详解】41．第二段明确给出“On December 10th, 1868, British mechanic De Hart designed the world’s first traffic light with only red and green.”，这是原文的具体时间信息，直接提取。 42．第四段提到“In 1927, a Chinese student named Hu Ruding was studying in the US. He noticed drivers sometimes rushed when the light changed. ‘What if there’s a middle color to slow people down?’ he thought. That was how the yellow light was born”，由此可知是胡汝鼎提议增加黄灯。 43．第四段原文“Around the same time, an American policeman named William Potts created the first three‑color traffic lights for all directions.”直接交代了William Potts的身份。 44．最后一段“Whether traffic lights or something else, noticing and thinking ‘what if’ can change the world!”点明了段落主旨。 45．本题为开放性结尾句，需要贴合文章主题。示例答案：Traffic lights help us live a safer life. 46．use/uses 47．cooking tools/tools for cooking 48．habits 49． influence 50．length and shape 51．pronunciation/sound 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了筷子从古至今的发展变化，包括用途、不同国家的演变以及名称的由来。 【详解】46．根据全文标题“The Changes of Chopsticks”以及表格内部分类“Changes in...”可知，下文介绍筷子在使用上的变化，故填use/uses。 47．根据第一段“these bronze chopsticks were not used for eating at that time…people used them to reach deep into pots to stir and mix food.”可知，商朝青铜筷子被当作烹饪工具，故填cooking tools/tools for cooking。 48．根据第二段“As the Han Dynasty developed, people from the south began eating more rice…leading to noodles and dumplings, which are easier to eat with chopsticks”可知，饮食习惯的改变推动筷子成为进食工具，故填habits。 49．根据第二段“The ideas of some thinkers, such as Confucius, also helped promote the use of chopsticks as eating tools”可知，思想家想法的影响也推动了筷子的普及，故填influence。 50．根据第三段“Therefore, they made their chopsticks shorter and pointed at the ends”可知，日本人改变了筷子的长度与外形来适配当地饮食，故填length and shape。 51．根据第四段“At first, people called them ‘zhu’, which was a homophone of the Chinese character that means ‘stop’”可知，最初的叫法“zhu”的发音，与中文里表示“停止”含义的汉字发音相同，对船夫而言是不吉利的象征，因此人们将其改名为“kuai”，故填pronunciation/sound。 答案第1页（共2页） 答案第1页（共2页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $