Unit 3 Diverse Cultures 一轮复习 导学案 -2027届高考英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了人教版必修三Unit 3的高考核心考点，以“核心词汇-核心短语-核心句型”为架构，覆盖7个高频词（含搭配、派生词及考点分析）、6个核心短语和独立主格结构语法点，通过单句填空、句式转换等任务驱动，引导学生自主构建知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于诊断性自测与进阶式学习设计，如开篇单句填空诊断词汇掌握，独立主格句式转换题培养思维品质，读后续写微技能任务提升语言能力。每个模块配有答案解析与方法指导，帮助学生自主诊断薄弱点，教师可依据学情精准辅导，有效培养学生自主复习能力，支持因材施教。

人教版英语必修三 Unit 3 DIVERSE CULTURES 一轮复习 一、核心知识清单 （一）核心词汇（7个，均为高考高频词） 单词 词性与释义 核心搭配 派生词 高考考点/易错点 fortune n. 财富；运气；命运 make a fortune 发财 seek one's fortune 闯世界 try one's fortune 碰运气 fortunate adj. fortunately adv. misfortune n. fortune表"运气"时不可数；表"财富/大笔钱"时可数。高考常考词性转换：fortune → fortunate → fortunately。 admit vt. & vi. 承认；准许进入 admit doing/having done 承认做过 be admitted to/into 被录取 It is admitted that... 人们公认 admission n. （入场费；准许加入） admit后接动名词，不接不定式；be admitted to 中介词用to/into，不用for。高考高频考点。 occur vi. 发生；被想到 sth occurs to sb 某人想到某事 It occurs to sb that... 某人突然想到 occurrence n. （发生的事情） 过去式/过去分词双写r：occurred。"某人想到"主语是sth/it，不是sb，易混点。 claim vt. 夺去生命；声称；索赔 n. 声称 claim to do/have done 声称做过 claim one's life 夺去生命 make a claim 索赔 claimant n. （索赔者） 一词多义是高考重点："夺去生命"（灾害/事故）、"声称"、"索赔"三个意思都要掌握。 escape vi. & vt. 逃跑；逃脱；被忘掉 escape (doing) sth 逃避 escape from 从……逃脱 have a narrow escape 九死一生 escaped adj. （逃跑了的） escape后接动名词，被动用escape being done；escape one's attention 没被注意到（熟词生义）。 settle vi. & vt. 定居；解决；使平静 settle down 定居；平静下来 settle in/into 适应新环境 settle a problem 解决问题 settler n. 移民 settlement n. 定居点 settle down 多义：定居/安静下来/专心于。with sth to settle（不定式表将来）是语法填空高频考点。 contain vt. 包含；容纳；控制（感情） contain oneself 克制自己 contain 3,000 people 容纳3000人 container n. （容器；货柜） contain强调整体包含全部，include强调包含其中一部分。contain oneself=control oneself，熟词生义。 （二）核心短语 1. seek one's fortune 寻找成功之路；闯世界 2. bring about 导致；引起 3. bring up 抚养；提出 4. bring down 降低；使倒下 5. a series of 一系列的 6. apart from 除了……之外 （三）核心句型：独立主格结构 公式：n. / pron. + doing / done / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. 短语 功能：表时间、原因、条件、伴随，相当于状语从句或并列句，但更简洁书面。 高考一句三译对比（以"夜幕降临，移民们开始准备晚餐"为例）： ① 并列句：Night came, and the immigrants began to prepare dinner. ② 定语从句：Night came, when the immigrants began to prepare dinner. ③ 独立主格：Night coming on, the immigrants began to prepare dinner. 结论：独立主格最紧凑、最书面，是读后续写场景描写的高分句型。 二、语法精讲：独立主格结构 （一）五种常见形式 1. 名词 + 现在分词：表主动/进行：Weather permitting, we will go outing. 2. 名词 + 过去分词：表被动/完成：The work done, we went home. 3. 名词 + 不定式：表将来：Lots of work to do, I can't go out. 4. 名词 + 形容词/副词：表状态：He sat at the table, head down. 5. There + being：表存在：There being no taxi, we had to walk. （二）易错提示 1. 独立主格的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，这是它与分词作状语的根本区别。 2. 独立主格前不能加and/but等连词，否则就成了并列句。 3. with复合结构（with + n. + doing/done）是独立主格的变体，高考常考。 4. 高考中独立主格常出现在语法填空（给动词填正确形式）和读后续写（场景描写）中。 三、创新试题 Ⅰ 单句填空（高考真题改编，10题） 用括号内单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。 1. He was __________ (fortune) enough to escape from the burning building. 2. It suddenly __________ (occur) to me that I had left my passport at the hotel. 3. The man __________ (claim) to be a journalist turned out to be a cheat. 4. She was admitted __________ a famous university after years of hard work. 5. The newly-built hall can __________ (contain) up to 3,000 people. 6. __________ (settle) in a new country, the immigrants found it hard to adapt. 7. The terrible earthquake __________ (claim) over 200 lives in 2008. 8. He narrowly escaped __________ (kill) in the car accident. 9. __________ (fortunate), he passed the driving test at his first attempt. 10. The problem is difficult __________ (settle) without your help. Ⅱ 短语填空（5题） 从本单元核心短语中选择合适的填空，注意形式变化。 1. The Internet has __________ great changes in our daily life. 2. She was __________ by her grandparents after her parents passed away. 3. The government is taking measures to __________ the price of houses. 4. The new policy will __________ a lot of job opportunities for local people. 5. The difficult situation __________ the best qualities in her. Ⅲ 句式转换：独立主格（5题，高考高频考点） 将下列句子改为独立主格结构，每空一词。 1. Because the weather was fine, we went hiking last weekend. → __________ __________ __________, we went hiking last weekend. 2. The boy lay on the grass, and his eyes were fixed on the sky. → The boy lay on the grass, his eyes __________ on the sky. 3. If time permits, we will visit the local museum tomorrow. → __________ __________, we will visit the local museum tomorrow. 4. There was no taxi available, so we had to walk home in the rain. → __________ __________ no taxi available, we had to walk home in the rain. 5. The work was finished, and the workers went home happily. → The work __________, the workers went home happily. Ⅳ 课文语法填空（10空，高考标准格式） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have just come back to San Francisco after 1. __________ (camp) in the Redwood Forest. How 2. __________ (wonder) it is to be back in the city! My hotel is in the Mission District, which is one of the 3. __________ (old) parts of the city. An art movement 4. __________ (call) the "Mission School" started here. I paid a visit to a local museum 5. __________ I saw the historical changes in California. America got California from Mexico in 1848. When gold 6. __________ (discover) near San Francisco, people from all over the world rushed here 7. __________ (seek) their fortune. Many Chinese immigrants settled here, 8. __________ (bring) their culture and traditions. Today, San Francisco is a city 9. __________ diverse cultures, where different ethnic groups live 10. __________ peace. Ⅴ 读后续写微技能：独立主格+情绪描写（5题） 根据汉语提示，用独立主格结构或本单元情绪表达完成句子（均为文化冲突/移民场景）。 1. __________（眼泪顺着脸颊流下）, the immigrant boy sat alone in the classroom after being teased for his accent. 2. __________（心怦怦直跳）, she stepped into the Chinatown, eager to find a taste of home. 3. __________（问题解决了）, the family finally felt at home in the new country. 4. Hearing that she couldn't go back home for Spring Festival, she __________（热泪盈眶）. 5. __________（嘴唇颤抖）, the old grandfather couldn't speak a word of English, relying on his grandson to translate. Ⅵ 应用文写作：告知信（高考必考题型） 假定你是李华，是"中华文化之旅"（Chinese Culture Study Tour）活动中心的志愿者。你校交换生Chris来信询问该活动情况，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 活动安排和内容。 【句式模板】 开头：Learning that you are interested in..., I'm writing to introduce... 目的：With the intention of..., a wide variety of activities are arranged. 内容：As scheduled, we will... Additionally, regarding... 结尾：If interested, please... Looking forward to your participation. 【写作要求】词数80左右，至少使用2个本单元词汇或短语。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、答案与解析 Ⅰ 单句填空 1. fortunate 词性转换：be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事，fortune → fortunate。 2. occurred 时态：It occurred to sb that... 某人突然想到……，描述过去用一般过去时。 3. claiming 现在分词作定语：man 与 claim 为主动关系，相当于 who claimed。 4. to/into 介词搭配：be admitted to/into 被……录取/接收。 5. contain 动词原形：情态动词 can 后接动词原形，contain 容纳。 6. Having settled 现在分词完成式作状语：settle 动作发生在 found 之前，且与主语为主动关系。 7. claimed 时态：claim 在此意为"夺去生命"，描述过去用一般过去时。 8. being killed 非谓语：escape doing sth 逃避做某事，he 与 kill 为被动关系，用 being done。 9. Fortunately 词性转换：副词作状语，修饰整个句子，fortunate → fortunately。 10. to settle 不定式：sth is difficult to do 为固定结构，主动形式表被动含义。 Ⅱ 短语填空 1. brought about bring about 导致；引起，描述已发生的变化用现在完成时。 2. brought up bring up 抚养，被动语态 be brought up by sb 由某人抚养长大。 3. bring down bring down 降低，take measures to do sth 后接动词原形。 4. bring in bring in 引进；带来，will 后接动词原形。 5. brought out bring out 使显现；使表现出，描述过去用一般过去时。 Ⅲ 句式转换：独立主格 1. The weather being fine weather 与 be 为主动关系，用 being，去掉连词 because。 2. fixed eyes 与 fix 为被动关系（be fixed on），用过去分词，去掉 and 和 were。 3. Time permitting time 与 permit 为主动关系，用现在分词，去掉 if。 4. There being There be 句型的独立主格形式，用 there being，去掉 so。 5. finished work 与 finish 为被动关系，用过去分词，去掉 and 和 was。 Ⅳ 课文语法填空 1. camping 非谓语：after 为介词，后接动名词。 2. wonderful 词性转换：how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语，wonder → wonderful。 3. oldest 形容词最高级：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词。 4. called 过去分词作定语：movement 与 call 为被动关系，相当于 which was called。 5. where 定语从句：先行词为 museum（地点），从句缺状语，用 where。 6. was discovered 时态语态：gold 与 discover 为被动关系，描述过去用一般过去时被动。 7. to seek 不定式作目的状语：人们涌来是为了寻金。 8. bringing 现在分词作伴随状语：immigrants 与 bring 为主动关系。 9. of 介词搭配：a city of diverse cultures 一座多元文化的城市。 10. in 介词搭配：live in peace 和平共处。 Ⅴ 读后续写微技能 1. Tears rolling/streaming down her/his cheeks 独立主格：tears 与 roll 为主动关系，用现在分词，表伴随。 2. Her heart pounding/beating wildly 独立主格：heart 与 pound 为主动关系，用现在分词，表伴随。 3. The problem settled/solved 独立主格：problem 与 settle 为被动关系，用过去分词，表原因。 4. was flooded with tears / tears welled up in her eyes 情绪描写：be flooded with tears 热泪盈眶；well up 涌出。 5. His lips trembling 独立主格：lips 与 tremble 为主动关系，用现在分词，表伴随。 Ⅵ 应用文写作（参考范文） Dear Chris, Learning that you are interested in the Chinese Culture Study Tour, I'm writing to introduce some relevant information. With the intention of heightening people's awareness of China's profound history and culture, a wide variety of activities are arranged. As scheduled, we will visit the Hubei Provincial Museum, where you can see ancient relics. Additionally, regarding food culture, we will go to Hubu Alley to taste local snacks. If interested, please fill in the application form and send it to me. Looking forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua 【亮点】使用了 with the intention of / a wide variety of / as scheduled / additionally 等本单元表达，定语从句 where 引导地点状语，符合告知信格式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $