Unit6-7 课堂笔记 知识清单2026-2027学年人教版 七年级英语 上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了新人教版七年级上册Unit 6–7内容，涵盖日常生活与时间表达、生日庆祝与购物交际两大主题，包含重点短语、句型语法、易错辨析三大知识范畴，搭建从词汇积累到语法应用再到情境交际的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“重点标注+对比辨析+记忆技巧”构建知识体系，如Unit 6用“时间介词口诀”助记in/on/at用法，Unit 7以“双宾语动词对比表”区分give与buy搭配，培养语言能力和思维品质。设计“高频动词doing形式列表”“序数词变化规则助记”等工具，如“finish doing sth”“八去t九去e”，学生可高效掌握要点，教师能直接用于课堂讲解或分层练习，提升教学实效。

新人教版七年级上册英语课堂笔记（Unit 6–7） Unit 6 重点短语 1. daily routine 日常生活；school day routine 学校的日常生活 2. make use of 使用……；利用…… make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 3. take a shower 淋浴，洗澡 = have a shower 4. get dressed 穿衣服（表示“穿”的动作） eg. He is too young. He can't get dressed. 他太小，不会穿衣服。 be dressed in 穿着（表示“穿”的状态） eg. He is dressed in black. 他穿着黑色的衣服。（复习：in+颜色，表示穿某种颜色的衣服） 5. brush v.刷（三单形式：brushes） n.刷子，画笔（可数，复数形式：brushes） brush one's teeth 刷牙；tooth n.牙齿（可数，复数：teeth） eg. My mother brushes her teeth at six every morning. 我妈妈每天早晨六点钟刷牙。 I have two brushes. 我有两把刷子。 6. have … for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早/午/晚餐吃…… eg. I have an egg for breakfast. 我早餐吃了一个鸡蛋。（have后加一日三餐，表示“吃早/中/晚饭”） 7. at home 在家 eg. have dinner 吃晚饭 8. do some reading 读书；阅读 补充：do some cleaning 打扫卫生；do some shopping 购物；do some cooking 做饭；do some washing 洗衣服 9. on duty 值日，值班 eg. You are on duty today. 你今天值日/值班。 It's one's duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责。 eg. It's our duty to keep the classroom clean. 保持教室干净是我们的职责。 10. get up 起床；get up early 起得早；get up late 起得晚 go to bed 上床睡觉（复习：wake up 醒来，弄醒） 11. show sb around sp. 带领某人参观某地 eg. I will show you around my school this weekend. 这个周末我将带你参观我的学校。 around the world 世界各地；look around 环顾四周 12. do one's homework 做作业 eg. I always do my homework before dinner. 我总是在晚饭前做作业。 He usually does his homework after dinner. 他通常在晚饭后做作业。 do the housework 做家务 homework n.家庭作业，housework n.家务劳动，二者均为不可数名词，通常用much / a lot of / lots of修饰 eg. I don't have much homework today. 我今天没有太多的家庭作业。 13. as the saying goes 正如谚语所说 saying n.谚语、格言（可数，复数形式：sayings） 14. stay at home 待在家；stay at school 待在学校 stay / keep + adj. 保持…… eg. stay healthy = keep healthy 保持健康 stay up (late) 熬夜(到很晚) 15. school reporter 校园记者 16. play sports 做运动 17. have class 上课 18. make breakfast/lunch/dinner for sb 为某人做早/中/晚餐 eg. He makes breakfast for his family. 他为他的家人做早餐。 19. watch/see a film/movie 看电影 20. for a while 一会儿 eg. Let me rest for a while. 让我休息一会儿。 break n.休息，间断；have/take a break 休息；have/take breaks 休息 v.(使)破碎，损坏 eg. Don't break the cup. 不要弄坏了这个杯子。 21. at weekends 在周末 = on weekends weekend activity 周末活动 22. live in + 地点 住在某地 eg. I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。 live with sb. 和某人住在一起 eg. I live with my parents in Beijing. 我和我的父母住在北京。 23. walk to … = go to … on foot 步行去…… eg. I walk to school. = I go to school on foot. 我步行去上学。 24. finish doing sth. 做完某事 eg. I finish reading the book today. 我今天读完这本书。 25. at night 在夜晚；on Sunday mornings 在周日上午 26. listen to the news 听新闻；listen to music 听音乐 27. for an hour 持续一小时（for + 一段时间，表示“持续……”） 28. prepare sth for … 把某物准备好 eg. My mother prepares nice meals for us. 我妈妈为我们准备好可口的饭菜。 prepare to do sth 准备做某事 = get/be ready to do sth eg. Tom prepares to study hard. = Tom gets ready to study hard. = Tom is ready to study hard. 汤姆准备努力学习。 29. ask sb to do sth. 要求某人去做某事 ask sb. for help. 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb about sth. 询问某人关于某事 30. school day 上学日；on school days 在上学日 重点句子和语法 1. What time do/does sb usually +动词原形 sth? 某人通常几点做某事？ eg. What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床？ What time does he usually have breakfast? 他通常几点吃早饭？ When do/does sb usually +动词原形 sth? 某人通常什么时候做某事？ eg. When do you usually go to school? 你通常什么时候去上学？ When does she usually take a shower? 她通常什么时候洗澡？ 辨析：what time 与 when what time：询问某事发生的具体钟点 when：既可询问某事发生的年份、月份、日期，又可询问具体的时间点（笼统的时间） 询问时刻：What time is it? =What's the time? 几点了？ 答语：It's +时间。 2. 时刻表达法 （1）整点表达：①基数词 + o'clock ②基数词 4:00 It's four o'clock. / It's four. 10:00 It's ten o'clock./It's ten. 8:00 It's eight o'clock./It's eight. （2）非整点表达 ①顺读法：先读小时，再读分钟，都用基数词来读 6:10 It's six ten. 6:30 It's six thirty. 9:40 It's nine forty. 4:50 It's four fifty. ②逆读法 分钟数≤30：分钟数 +past +小时数，几点过几分 助记：先说分，再说点，past放中间 6:10 It's ten past six. 7:20 It's twenty past seven. 5:05 It's five past five. 特殊记忆：当分钟数为30时，用“half past +基数词”来表示，译为“点半” 12:30 It's half past twelve. 3:30 It's half past three. 10:30 It's half past ten. 注意：当分钟数是15或45时，分钟数用quarter表示 8:15 It's a quarter past eight. 3:45 It's a quarter to four. 2:15 It's a quarter past two. 分钟数＞30：(60-分钟数) to 下一个整点，差几分到几点 助记：分用60减，点要加上1，用to连接 10:50 It's ten to eleven. 2:58 It's two to three. 3. Early to bed, early to rise. 早睡早起 4. What time do you get up on a school day? — At +具体时间点. / I get up at +具体时间点. eg. At 6:00./ At 6 o'clock./ I get up at 6:00. 5. How long does Tom stay at school? 汤姆在学校待多久？ 提问时间多长，答语：For +一段时间（表示持续了多久）；也可提问物品长度 6. usually adv.通常地，一般地；usual adj.通常的；unusual adj.不同寻常的 频率副词：位于be动词/助动词/情态动词之后，实义动词之前 频率排序：always（总是）＞usually（通常）＞often（经常）＞sometimes（有时）＞seldom（不常，很少）＞hardly ever（几乎没有）＞never（从不） eg. I usually get up at 6:30 a.m. I am usually at home on Sunday mornings. 7. After breakfast, I walk to school. = I go to school on foot. 我步行去学校。 当地点为home，here，there等地点副词时，则省略介词 eg. I walk home. = I go home on foot. 我步行回家。 8. It's only a 10-minute walk. only ①副词：只，仅，常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前 eg. The girl is only five years old. 这个女孩只有5岁。 He only has a sister. 他只有一个姐姐。 ②形容词：仅有的，唯一的 eg. She is their only daughter. 她是他们唯一的女儿。 “数词-连字符-名词”为复合形容词，译为“……的”，作定语，数词后的名词用单数形式 eg. She is an 8-year-old girl. 她是一个八岁的女孩。 He is a 13-year-old boy. 他是一个十三岁的男孩。 I have a two-month holiday. 我有一个为期两个月的假期。 9. Each lesson is 45 minutes long. 每节课45分钟。 each后跟可数名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。（every用法同上） 10. It's already dark outside. 外面已经黑了。 already adv.已经，早已，多用于肯定句，用于疑问句时，表示惊奇，已经 eg. He is already a middle school student. 他已经是一名中学生了。 outside adj.外面的；adv.在外面；prep.在……外面；反义词：inside 在里面 11. Then I prepare my schoolbag for the next day. 然后我为第二天准备好书包。 12. After that, I read with my parents for an hour. 之后，我和父母读一个小时的书。（for+一段时间，表示持续一段时间；half an hour 半小时） 13. That's an important part of my everyday life. 那是我日常生活的重要部分。（part n.部分，可数；daily life 日常生活） 14. At 9:30, it's time (for me) to go to bed. 9:30就到了我上床睡觉的时间了。 It's time for sth. = It's time (for sb) to do sth. 到做某事的时间了 eg. It's time for dinner. = It's time to have dinner. 到吃晚饭的时间了。 15. police officer 警察；bin worker 垃圾清理工；nurse 护士 get off 下车；离开；get off work 下班 16. To plan time is to save time. 计划时间就是节约时间。 plan v.计划；plan to do sth 计划做某事；n.计划（可数） save v.节约；挽救 17. There's no time for a shower. 没时间洗澡了。 no time for sth 没时间做……，后接名词/动名词 18. 后接doing的高频动词：mind，finish，like，enjoy，practise，以上单词后跟动词，要用v-ing形式 eg. Do you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ He finished reading this book last week. 他上周读完了这本书。 I like playing basketball. 我喜欢打篮球。 She enjoys singing in the shower. 她喜欢在淋浴时唱歌。 We need to practise speaking English every day. 我们需要每天练习说英语。 19. 时间介词in，on，at记忆口诀： in年in月in季节，上午、下午和晚上 on加具体某一天，星期、节日和周末 at要加时间点，中午夜里和黎明 eg. at noon 在正午；at night 在夜晚 若是遇到有修饰，就把介词on放前 eg. on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早上 this/that/each/next/last 等限定词修饰时间名词时，in/on/at 都不填（如 this week, next month, every day 前不加介词） 20. Reading makes a full man. 读书使人充实。 21. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。 22. on the way to +地点，在去某地的路上 eg. on the way to school 在去学校的路上 on the way home 在回家的路上（home为地点副词） 23. check on 检查 patient n.病人（可数）；adj.有耐心的 易错辨析与要点补充 walk to sp. = go to sp. on foot；当地点为 home / here / there 等地点副词时省略介词：walk home = go home on foot。 already 多用于肯定句（He is already a middle school student.）；表示"还（未）"用 yet，多用于否定句/疑问句末尾（I haven't finished yet. / Is he here yet?）。 each / every 后接可数名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数（Each lesson is 45 minutes long.）。 复合形容词"数词-名词"中名词用单数：a 10-minute walk, an 8-year-old girl, a two-month holiday。 get dressed 表"穿"的动作，be dressed in 表"穿"的状态（in+颜色表示穿某颜色的衣服）。 Unit 7 重点短语 1、give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 例句：give his father a birthday cake 2、want sth. 想要某物 3、want to do sth. 想要做某事 4、ask some questions 问一些问题 5、go ahead 去吧，做吧 6、how about … 怎么样（多用于提建议） 7、a surprise party 惊喜派对 8、good idea 好主意 9、buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物 10、have a sale 促销 11、come with 与……一起供给，配套 例句：come with some candles 12、We'll take it. 我们买了。 13、how many kilos 多少千克 14、six yuan a kilo 每千克六元 15、how much 多少；多少钱 16、What's the total? 一共多少钱 17、here you are 给你 18、have a nice day 祝你们今天愉快 19、on the shopping list 在购物清单上 20、make a list of … 列一个……的清单 21、a new pair of shoes 一双新鞋子 22、wish for a long life 祈求长寿 23、be from = come from 来自 24、on 15th July 在7月15日 25、celebrate our own birthdays 庆祝我们自己的生日 26、the birthdays of our family and friends 我们家人和朋友的生日 27、any other special birthdays 任何其他的特殊生日 28、English Language Day 联合国英语日 29、International Nurses Day 国际护士日 30、nation n.国家；national adj.国家的；international adj.国际的 31、celebrate … as … 将……作为……庆祝 32、National Day 国庆节 33、CPC Founding Day 中国共产党建党日 34、PLA Day 解放军日 35、School Founding Day 建校日 36、eat birthday noodles 吃长寿面 37、open birthday gifts 开生日礼物 38、make a wish 许愿 39、take a photo = take photos 拍照 40、have a birthday cake 吃生日蛋糕 41、hear the "Happy Birthday" song 听生日快乐歌 42、a symbol of … ……的象征 43、long life 长寿 44、under the tree 在树下 45、in our village 在我们的村庄 46、help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 47、remember fun times with my family 记住与家人在一起的快乐时光 48、plant a small tree 种一棵小树 49、my 14th birthday 我的第14个生日 50、would like to do 想要做 51、watch it grow with me 看着它和我一起成长 52、have a party with my friends 和我朋友们举办派对 53、make my favourite chocolate cake 做我最喜欢的巧克力蛋糕 54、sing songs 唱歌 55、blow out the candles 吹蜡烛 56、enjoy the cake 享受蛋糕 57、mark my height on the door 在门上标记我的高度 58、look at the marks later 不久后看这些标记 59、next time 下次 60、do something different 做些不同的事 61、give sb. some ideas about 给某人一些关于……的建议 62、read the posts 读帖子 63、an online forum 网上论坛 64、invite sb. 邀请某人 重点句子和语法 1、How do we celebrate birthdays? 我们怎样庆祝生日？ how 如何，怎样，对方式进行提问 celebrate v.庆祝 → celebration n.庆祝，庆祝会 celebrate sth. 庆祝某事 celebrate … with … 用……庆祝 复习：greet … with … 用……问候（Starter Unit 1） 例句：He always greets you with a big smile. 2、What birthday gift can Teng Fei give his father? give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 例句：give his father a birthday cake/gift；give a birthday gift/cake to his father 3、What does Peter want to do for Ms.Cao's birthday? for 属于，为了，即为某个事件或目的 want sth. 想要某物 want to do sth. 想要做某事 = would like to do want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 4、Can I ask you some questions? Sure. Go ahead. ask sb.'s questions 问某人问题 answer sb.'s questions 回答某人问题 go ahead 进行，开始，往下说，你先请，非常灵活的地道表达 5、What do you always get on your birthday? 你生日总能得到什么？ One year older 比之前更年长一岁 older 为old的比较级，表示更旧，更老，更年长 6、It's Ella and Emma's birthday soon. 两个人共同拥有，最后一人加's：Tom and Jack's room 两个人分别拥有，分别加's：Tom's and Jack's rooms soon 不久后 How soon 再过多久，对in+一段时间提问 7、How about a surprise party for them? surprising adj.令人惊讶的 surprised adj.感到惊讶的 to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 How about some yogurt? How about / what about …? 表建议，……怎么样 How about / what about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样？ 其他表建议：Why not / why don't you do sth.? Would you like to do sth.? 8、Let's go and buy something for the party. Let's = let us let sb. do sth. 复习：make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，后接动词原形 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 注意和give的用法区分 例句：buy my father a gift = buy a gift for my father 复合不定代词：something ①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用三单 ②形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词后置，something new 9、How much is this birthday cake? How much are those oranges? How much 对价格提问，单数用is，复数用are How much 对数量提问，后接不可数名词，be动词用is How many 对数量提问，后接可数名词复数，be动词用are 例句：How much water do you need? How many apples are there? 教材原句：How many kilos do you want? 你想要多少千克？ 10、It's 85 yuan, and it comes with some candles. come with 与……一起供给，伴随……发生 11、Good, we'll take it. 我们买了。 I'll take it. 我买了。 12、six yuan a kilo 每千克6元 five yuan a bottle 每瓶5元 13、What's the total? 总共多少钱？ total n.总计，合计；adj.总共的 total number 总数 in total 总共 total → totally adv.完全地，彻底地 反身代词 单数：myself 我自己；yourself 你自己；himself 他自己；herself 她自己；itself 它自己 复数：ourselves 我们自己；yourselves 你们自己；themselves 他们自己 14、Have a nice day! 祝你们今天愉快。 = have a good time 玩得开心，过得愉快 = have fun have fun doing sth. = enjoy oneself enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 15、Why do people eat birthday noodles? To wish for a long life. to do 表目的，即人们吃生日面的目的是祈求长寿 why的回答，既可以用because，也可以用to do不定式来答 16、We celebrate our own birthdays. own v.拥有；adj.自己的 常用短语：sb's own (sth.) 某人自己的(某物) on one's own 独自 17、For example, we celebrate William Shakespeare's birthday, 23rd April, as English Language Day. as 作为 → be famous as 作为……而著名 celebrate … as … 庆祝……作为……，将……当作……来庆祝 for example 例如，作插入成分，用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开，可置于句首，句中，句末 例句：For example, he likes English very much. such as 例如，后接名词或动名词，其后常列举同类人或物中的几个例子，一般置于句中 例句：I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing. 18、It marks the birthday of Florence Nightingale, a famous nurse. mark v.纪念；标记着，给……打分；n.标记，记号，分数 famous adj.著名的 be famous as 作为……而著名 be famous for 因……而著名 19、CPC Founding Day 中国共产党建党纪念日 School Founding Day 建校日 found 创立，建立，过去式为founded find 发现，找到，过去式为found 20、How do you make your birthday meaningful? make + 宾语 + adj. 使……处于某种状态 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 mean v.意思是 → meaning n.意思 → meaningful adj.有意义的；meaningless adj.无意义的 21、Long noodles are a symbol of long life. a symbol of … ……的象征 22、I like taking photos because they help me remember fun times with my family. like doing = like to do 喜欢做…… remember 记得 remember to do 记得去做（未做） remember doing 记得做过（已做） fun times 快乐时光 23、I'd like to watch it grow with me. would like to do = want to do 想要做…… 24、It's a great idea to plant a tree for your birthday. 形式主语，不定式做真正主语 plant a tree 种树 Tree-planting Day 植树节 形式主语常见句型 ① It is+ adj.+(for/of sb.) to do sth. ② It is +n.+ to do sth. 例句：It is my pleasure to work in your group. ③ It takes sb. 时间 to do sth. 25、Everyone sings the "Happy Birthday" song, and then I make a wish and blow out the candles. 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用三单 blow out 吹灭 动词+副词构成的短语，代词放中间，blow it out / blow them out 26、My father marks my height on the door every year. It's fun to look at the marks later. height n.高度；adj. high 高的 later 以后的，后来的；five years later 五年后 late 迟到的；be late for class 上课迟到 27、I want to do something different. 形容词修饰不定代词，形容词后置 28、What does Judy like about Xiaoming's 14th birthday? 序数词变化规则 一、二、三，特殊记 first, second, third th要从4加起 八去t，九去e eighth，ninth f来把ve替 five→fifth；twelve→twelfth y变ie，再加th twenty→twentieth 若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以 thirty-one → thirty-first 序数词表顺序，前面一般加the Grammar — 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头，对陈述句的某一部分进行提问的句子，回答时不用yes或no，而是回答具体内容。 疑问词分类 who 谁 what 什么 which 哪个 whose 谁的 when 什么时候 where 哪里 why 为什么 how 怎样 how many 多少 how much 多少；多少钱 how far 多远 how soon 多久以后 how often 多久一次 how long 多长（时间）；多长（物体） 变为特殊疑问句基本规律：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（划掉被提问部分） 例句：He often plays football with his friends after school. 一般疑问句：Does he often play football with his friends after school? 特殊疑问句：Who does he often play football with after school? 易错辨析与要点补充 双宾语动词：give / show / send / teach 等用 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.；buy 用 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.（注意 buy 用 for，不用 to）。 How much 对价格提问（be 动词随单复数变化：is / are），也可接不可数名词提问数量；How many 接可数名词复数提问数量（be 用 are）。 名词所有格：两者共有，后者加's（Tom and Jack's room）；各自拥有，各加's（Tom's and Jack's rooms）。 复合不定代词（something / anything / everyone 等）作主语时谓语用单数；形容词修饰时后置（something new）。 序数词前一般加 the 表顺序；表示"再/又"可用 a/an（a second time）。 be famous as 作为……而著名（身份）；be famous for 因……而著名（原因）。make + 宾语 + adj. 使……处于某种状态；make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $