摘要:
**基本信息**
聚焦五大基本句型,分层次精准训练,从基础时态到复杂结构,构建清晰巩固路径,提升语言能力与句型分析思维。
**分层设计**
|层次|知识覆盖|设计特色|
|----|----------|----------|
|主谓(SV)|不及物动词及时态|基础时态(一般现在/过去/进行时),如太阳升起、敲门等情境|
|主谓宾(SVO)|及物动词、非谓语|动词搭配(enjoy doing/decide to do),代词宾格运用|
|主系表(SVP)|系动词、表语成分|形容词作表语(-ed/-ing辨析),感官动词用法(taste/sound)|
|主谓双宾(SVoO)|双宾语结构|间接宾语代词宾格(me/her/us),动词固定搭配(buy/send)|
|主谓宾补(SVOC)|宾补成分|非谓语作宾补(make sb do/ask sb to do),形容词表状态(keep open)|
内容正文:
高一英语语法填空专项训练
五大基本句型 · 50 个单句
(适用对象:高一新生 建议用时:35 分钟 满分:50 分,每小题 1 分)
【做题说明】
1. 在下列 50 个单句的空白处填入 1 个适当的单词(无提示词)或括号内单词的正确形式(不超过 3 个单词)。
2. 本练习围绕英语五大基本句型命制:主谓(SV)、主谓宾(SVO)、主系表(SVP)、主谓双宾(SVoO)、主谓宾补(SVOC)。
3. 做题时先判断句型,再确定所填词在句中充当的成分(谓语、宾语、表语或补语),最后考虑词形变化。
【五大基本句型速览】
句型
结构
例句
一 主谓(SV)
主语 + 不及物动词
The sun rises. (太阳升起)
二 主谓宾(SVO)
主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
She reads books. (她读书)
三 主系表(SVP)
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
The milk tastes sour. (牛奶尝起来酸)
四 主谓双宾(SVoO)
主语 + 动词 + 间宾 + 直宾
He gave me a card. (他给我一张卡片)
五 主谓宾补(SVOC)
主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
We made him happy. (我们使他高兴)
句型一 主谓结构(S + V):第 1—10 题
1. The sun ______ (rise) in the east and sets in the west.
2. Listen! Someone ______ (knock) at the door.
3. Look! The children ______ (swim) in the river.
4. My grandfather often ______ (walk) along the river after dinner.
5. In recent years, the small village ______ (change) a lot.
6. Water ______ (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level.
7. The birds ______ (fly) south when autumn comes.
8. Everyone ______ (laugh) loudly when they heard the funny story.
9. An earthquake ______ (happen) in that area last month.
10. The leaves ______ (fall) from the trees in late autumn.
句型二 主谓宾结构(S + V + O):第 11—20 题
11. She ______ (finish) her homework before dinner every day.
12. Last week, our school ______ (organize) a sports meeting.
13. I enjoy ______ (listen) to light music after class.
14. He has decided ______ (study) abroad after graduation.
15. The teacher praised ______ (we) for our excellent performance.
16. They ______ (build) a new library in our school next year.
17. My brother ______ (not finish) his project yet.
18. We ______ (have) an English test tomorrow morning.
19. The little girl is learning ______ (swim) these days.
20. He ______ (lose) his key yesterday, so he had to wait outside.
句型三 主系表结构(S + V + P):第 21—30 题
21. The milk ______ (taste) a little sour. Don't drink it.
22. The film we saw last night was really ______ (excite).
23. After the long walk, all of us felt ______ (tire).
24. In autumn, the leaves on the mountain turn ______ (yellow / yellowly).
25. My dream is ______ (become) a scientist in the future.
26. The music of the movie sounds ______ (beautifully / beautiful).
27. The silk scarf feels soft and ______ (smoothly / smooth).
28. Keeping an English diary is ______ (help) to improve your writing.
29. The problem seems much ______ (hard) than we expected.
30. The children were ______ (excite) about the coming school trip.
句型四 主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO):第 31—40 题
31. Last month, my aunt sent ______ (I) a birthday card from Canada.
32. My father ______ (buy) me a new schoolbag last weekend.
33. Could you please pass ______ (she) the dictionary on the desk?
34. Our school ______ (offer) him a chance to study abroad last year.
35. The waiter brought ______ (we) two cups of hot tea at once.
36. The nurse handed ______ (he) a glass of water just now.
37. Miss Wang taught ______ (our) Chinese last term.
38. Please tell ______ (they) the good news as soon as possible.
39. My classmate lent ______ (I) his dictionary just now.
40. My grandma ______ (cook) us a big dinner every Sunday.
句型五 主谓宾补结构(S + V + O + C):第 41—50 题
41. The exciting news made everyone in the class ______ (happily / happy).
42. The teacher asked us ______ (finish) the exercises before Friday.
43. I saw him ______ (go) into the teachers' office just now.
44. His funny words made all of us ______ (laugh).
45. We found the story really ______ (move).
46. Keep the window ______ (open / opened) so that fresh air can come in.
47. When I walked past the music room, I heard a girl ______ (sing) an English song.
48. In the past, the boss made the workers ______ (work) twelve hours a day.
49. The teacher encouraged us ______ (take) an active part in after-school activities.
50. The warm welcome from the students made the new teacher ______ (feel) at home
参考答案与解析
句型一 主谓结构(S + V)
1. rises —— 主谓结构;一般现在时,主语 the sun 为第三人称单数。
2. is knocking —— 主谓结构;Listen! 提示动作正在进行,用现在进行时。
3. are swimming —— 主谓结构;Look! 提示动作正在进行,主语 the children 为复数。
4. walks —— 主谓结构;often 表经常,用一般现在时,第三人称单数加 -s。
5. has changed —— 主谓结构;in recent years 常与现在完成时连用。
6. boils —— 主谓结构;表述客观真理,用一般现在时。
7. fly —— 主谓结构;when 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时,主语复数。
8. laughed —— 主谓结构;laugh 为不及物动词,just now 提示用一般过去时。
9. happened —— 主谓结构;happen 不及物,last month 提示用一般过去时。
10. fall —— 主谓结构;表述一般事实,用一般现在时。
句型二 主谓宾结构(S + V + O)
11. finishes —— 主谓宾结构;every day 提示用一般现在时,第三人称单数。
12. organized —— 主谓宾结构;a sports meeting 作宾语,last week 提示过去时。
13. listening —— 主谓宾结构;enjoy 后接动名词作宾语。
14. to study —— 主谓宾结构;decide 后接不定式 to do 作宾语。
15. us —— 主谓宾结构;动词后作宾语用代词宾格。
16. will build —— 主谓宾结构;next year 提示用一般将来时。
17. hasn't finished —— 主谓宾结构;yet 与现在完成时连用,not 缩写为 hasn't。
18. will have —— 主谓宾结构;tomorrow 提示将来时(are having 亦可)。
19. to swim —— 主谓宾结构;learn to do sth.,不定式作宾语。
20. lost —— 主谓宾结构;his key 作宾语,yesterday 提示过去时。
句型三 主系表结构(S + V + P)
21. tastes —— 主系表结构;taste 作系动词,一般现在时第三人称单数。
22. exciting —— 主系表结构;-ing 形容词修饰事物,作表语。
23. tired —— 主系表结构;-ed 形容词描述人的感受,作表语。
24. yellow —— 主系表结构;turn 后接形容词作表语,颜色词无副词形式。
25. to become —— 主系表结构;不定式 to become 作表语,说明 dream 的内容。
26. beautiful —— 主系表结构;sound 是系动词,后接形容词作表语。
27. smooth —— 主系表结构;feel 是系动词,后接形容词作表语。
28. helpful —— 主系表结构;is 后需形容词作表语,help 加后缀 -ful。
29. harder —— 主系表结构;than 提示比较级,hard 的比较级为 harder。
30. excited —— 主系表结构;be excited about,描述人的感受。
句型四 主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO)
31. me —— 双宾结构;me 为间接宾语,a birthday card 为直接宾语。
32. bought —— 双宾结构;buy sb. sth.,last weekend 提示过去时。
33. her —— 双宾结构;pass sb. sth.,间接宾语用宾格。
34. offered —— 双宾结构;offer sb. a chance,last year 提示过去时。
35. us —— 双宾结构;bring sb. sth.,间接宾语用宾格。
36. him —— 双宾结构;hand sb. sth.,间接宾语用宾格。
37. us —— 双宾结构;teach sb. sth.,our 需变为宾格 us。
38. them —— 双宾结构;tell sb. sth.,they 需变为宾格 them。
39. me —— 双宾结构;lend sb. sth.,I 需变为宾格 me。
40. cooks —— 双宾结构;cook sb. sth.,every Sunday 提示一般现在时第三人称单数。
句型五 主谓宾补结构(S + V + O + C)
41. happy —— 宾补结构;make sb. + 形容词,作宾语补足语。
42. to finish —— 宾补结构;ask sb. to do sth.,不定式作宾补。
43. go —— 宾补结构;see sb. do sth.,感官动词后接省 to 不定式。
44. laugh —— 宾补结构;make sb. do sth.,省略 to 的不定式作宾补。
45. moving —— 宾补结构;find + 宾语 + 形容词,-ing 形容词修饰事物。
46. open —— 宾补结构;keep + 宾语 + 形容词 open,表状态。
47. singing —— 宾补结构;hear sb. doing,强调动作正在进行。
48. work —— 宾补结构;make sb. do sth.,省略 to。
49. to take —— 宾补结构;encourage sb. to do sth.,不定式作宾补。
50. feel —— 宾补结构;make sb. do sth.,省 to 不定式作宾补。
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