2026-2027学年高一上学期 英语五大基本句型语法填空练习50题

2026-09-05
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摘要:

**基本信息** 聚焦五大基本句型,分层次精准训练,从基础时态到复杂结构,构建清晰巩固路径,提升语言能力与句型分析思维。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |主谓(SV)|不及物动词及时态|基础时态(一般现在/过去/进行时),如太阳升起、敲门等情境| |主谓宾(SVO)|及物动词、非谓语|动词搭配(enjoy doing/decide to do),代词宾格运用| |主系表(SVP)|系动词、表语成分|形容词作表语(-ed/-ing辨析),感官动词用法(taste/sound)| |主谓双宾(SVoO)|双宾语结构|间接宾语代词宾格(me/her/us),动词固定搭配(buy/send)| |主谓宾补(SVOC)|宾补成分|非谓语作宾补(make sb do/ask sb to do),形容词表状态(keep open)|

内容正文:

高一英语语法填空专项训练 五大基本句型 · 50 个单句 (适用对象:高一新生  建议用时:35 分钟  满分:50 分,每小题 1 分) 【做题说明】 1. 在下列 50 个单句的空白处填入 1 个适当的单词(无提示词)或括号内单词的正确形式(不超过 3 个单词)。 2. 本练习围绕英语五大基本句型命制:主谓(SV)、主谓宾(SVO)、主系表(SVP)、主谓双宾(SVoO)、主谓宾补(SVOC)。 3. 做题时先判断句型,再确定所填词在句中充当的成分(谓语、宾语、表语或补语),最后考虑词形变化。 【五大基本句型速览】 句型 结构 例句 一 主谓(SV) 主语 + 不及物动词 The sun rises. (太阳升起) 二 主谓宾(SVO) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 She reads books. (她读书) 三 主系表(SVP) 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 The milk tastes sour. (牛奶尝起来酸) 四 主谓双宾(SVoO) 主语 + 动词 + 间宾 + 直宾 He gave me a card. (他给我一张卡片) 五 主谓宾补(SVOC) 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 We made him happy. (我们使他高兴) 句型一 主谓结构(S + V):第 1—10 题 1. The sun ______ (rise) in the east and sets in the west. 2. Listen! Someone ______ (knock) at the door. 3. Look! The children ______ (swim) in the river. 4. My grandfather often ______ (walk) along the river after dinner. 5. In recent years, the small village ______ (change) a lot. 6. Water ______ (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level. 7. The birds ______ (fly) south when autumn comes. 8. Everyone ______ (laugh) loudly when they heard the funny story. 9. An earthquake ______ (happen) in that area last month. 10. The leaves ______ (fall) from the trees in late autumn. 句型二 主谓宾结构(S + V + O):第 11—20 题 11. She ______ (finish) her homework before dinner every day. 12. Last week, our school ______ (organize) a sports meeting. 13. I enjoy ______ (listen) to light music after class. 14. He has decided ______ (study) abroad after graduation. 15. The teacher praised ______ (we) for our excellent performance. 16. They ______ (build) a new library in our school next year. 17. My brother ______ (not finish) his project yet. 18. We ______ (have) an English test tomorrow morning. 19. The little girl is learning ______ (swim) these days. 20. He ______ (lose) his key yesterday, so he had to wait outside. 句型三 主系表结构(S + V + P):第 21—30 题 21. The milk ______ (taste) a little sour. Don't drink it. 22. The film we saw last night was really ______ (excite). 23. After the long walk, all of us felt ______ (tire). 24. In autumn, the leaves on the mountain turn ______ (yellow / yellowly). 25. My dream is ______ (become) a scientist in the future. 26. The music of the movie sounds ______ (beautifully / beautiful). 27. The silk scarf feels soft and ______ (smoothly / smooth). 28. Keeping an English diary is ______ (help) to improve your writing. 29. The problem seems much ______ (hard) than we expected. 30. The children were ______ (excite) about the coming school trip. 句型四 主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO):第 31—40 题 31. Last month, my aunt sent ______ (I) a birthday card from Canada. 32. My father ______ (buy) me a new schoolbag last weekend. 33. Could you please pass ______ (she) the dictionary on the desk? 34. Our school ______ (offer) him a chance to study abroad last year. 35. The waiter brought ______ (we) two cups of hot tea at once. 36. The nurse handed ______ (he) a glass of water just now. 37. Miss Wang taught ______ (our) Chinese last term. 38. Please tell ______ (they) the good news as soon as possible. 39. My classmate lent ______ (I) his dictionary just now. 40. My grandma ______ (cook) us a big dinner every Sunday. 句型五 主谓宾补结构(S + V + O + C):第 41—50 题 41. The exciting news made everyone in the class ______ (happily / happy). 42. The teacher asked us ______ (finish) the exercises before Friday. 43. I saw him ______ (go) into the teachers' office just now. 44. His funny words made all of us ______ (laugh). 45. We found the story really ______ (move). 46. Keep the window ______ (open / opened) so that fresh air can come in. 47. When I walked past the music room, I heard a girl ______ (sing) an English song. 48. In the past, the boss made the workers ______ (work) twelve hours a day. 49. The teacher encouraged us ______ (take) an active part in after-school activities. 50. The warm welcome from the students made the new teacher ______ (feel) at home 参考答案与解析 句型一 主谓结构(S + V) 1. rises —— 主谓结构;一般现在时,主语 the sun 为第三人称单数。 2. is knocking —— 主谓结构;Listen! 提示动作正在进行,用现在进行时。 3. are swimming —— 主谓结构;Look! 提示动作正在进行,主语 the children 为复数。 4. walks —— 主谓结构;often 表经常,用一般现在时,第三人称单数加 -s。 5. has changed —— 主谓结构;in recent years 常与现在完成时连用。 6. boils —— 主谓结构;表述客观真理,用一般现在时。 7. fly —— 主谓结构;when 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时,主语复数。 8. laughed —— 主谓结构;laugh 为不及物动词,just now 提示用一般过去时。 9. happened —— 主谓结构;happen 不及物,last month 提示用一般过去时。 10. fall —— 主谓结构;表述一般事实,用一般现在时。 句型二 主谓宾结构(S + V + O) 11. finishes —— 主谓宾结构;every day 提示用一般现在时,第三人称单数。 12. organized —— 主谓宾结构;a sports meeting 作宾语,last week 提示过去时。 13. listening —— 主谓宾结构;enjoy 后接动名词作宾语。 14. to study —— 主谓宾结构;decide 后接不定式 to do 作宾语。 15. us —— 主谓宾结构;动词后作宾语用代词宾格。 16. will build —— 主谓宾结构;next year 提示用一般将来时。 17. hasn't finished —— 主谓宾结构;yet 与现在完成时连用,not 缩写为 hasn't。 18. will have —— 主谓宾结构;tomorrow 提示将来时(are having 亦可)。 19. to swim —— 主谓宾结构;learn to do sth.,不定式作宾语。 20. lost —— 主谓宾结构;his key 作宾语,yesterday 提示过去时。 句型三 主系表结构(S + V + P) 21. tastes —— 主系表结构;taste 作系动词,一般现在时第三人称单数。 22. exciting —— 主系表结构;-ing 形容词修饰事物,作表语。 23. tired —— 主系表结构;-ed 形容词描述人的感受,作表语。 24. yellow —— 主系表结构;turn 后接形容词作表语,颜色词无副词形式。 25. to become —— 主系表结构;不定式 to become 作表语,说明 dream 的内容。 26. beautiful —— 主系表结构;sound 是系动词,后接形容词作表语。 27. smooth —— 主系表结构;feel 是系动词,后接形容词作表语。 28. helpful —— 主系表结构;is 后需形容词作表语,help 加后缀 -ful。 29. harder —— 主系表结构;than 提示比较级,hard 的比较级为 harder。 30. excited —— 主系表结构;be excited about,描述人的感受。 句型四 主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO) 31. me —— 双宾结构;me 为间接宾语,a birthday card 为直接宾语。 32. bought —— 双宾结构;buy sb. sth.,last weekend 提示过去时。 33. her —— 双宾结构;pass sb. sth.,间接宾语用宾格。 34. offered —— 双宾结构;offer sb. a chance,last year 提示过去时。 35. us —— 双宾结构;bring sb. sth.,间接宾语用宾格。 36. him —— 双宾结构;hand sb. sth.,间接宾语用宾格。 37. us —— 双宾结构;teach sb. sth.,our 需变为宾格 us。 38. them —— 双宾结构;tell sb. sth.,they 需变为宾格 them。 39. me —— 双宾结构;lend sb. sth.,I 需变为宾格 me。 40. cooks —— 双宾结构;cook sb. sth.,every Sunday 提示一般现在时第三人称单数。 句型五 主谓宾补结构(S + V + O + C) 41. happy —— 宾补结构;make sb. + 形容词,作宾语补足语。 42. to finish —— 宾补结构;ask sb. to do sth.,不定式作宾补。 43. go —— 宾补结构;see sb. do sth.,感官动词后接省 to 不定式。 44. laugh —— 宾补结构;make sb. do sth.,省略 to 的不定式作宾补。 45. moving —— 宾补结构;find + 宾语 + 形容词,-ing 形容词修饰事物。 46. open —— 宾补结构;keep + 宾语 + 形容词 open,表状态。 47. singing —— 宾补结构;hear sb. doing,强调动作正在进行。 48. work —— 宾补结构;make sb. do sth.,省略 to。 49. to take —— 宾补结构;encourage sb. to do sth.,不定式作宾补。 50. feel —— 宾补结构;make sb. do sth.,省 to 不定式作宾补。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026-2027学年高一上学期 英语五大基本句型语法填空练习50题
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2026-2027学年高一上学期 英语五大基本句型语法填空练习50题
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