Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点知识与巩固练习2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教版八年级上册Unit 2 Home Sweet Home的核心内容，涵盖重点词汇、居家活动短语、核心语法（礼貌请求与征求许可）及易错搭配，通过分类梳理搭建从基础积累到语法应用再到综合实践的递进式学习支架。 清单以“词汇-短语-语法-易错点”分类呈现知识体系，突出完整性与条理性。语法部分对比Can/Could用法并标注语气差异，易错搭配明确代词位置规则（如“hang it up”不可写作“hang up it”），体现实用性设计。练习包含情境问答、邮件写作等任务，培养语言能力与思维品质，既方便学生自主巩固，也为教师设计分层教学提供支持。

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点知识与巩固练习 2026—2027学年 人教版八年级英语上册 一 重点词汇 1. bathroom n. 浴室；洗手间 bedroom n. 卧室 balcony n. 阳台 2. community n. 社区 journey n. 旅行；行程 treasure n. 珍宝 3. rubbish n. 垃圾 plate n. 盘子 luggage n. 行李 4. sweep v. 打扫；清扫 feed v. 喂养 invite v. 邀请 5. nod v. 点头 decorate v. 装饰 familiar adj. 熟悉的 二 家务与居家活动 pack up one’s things 收拾物品；sort ... into boxes 把……分类装进箱子；clean up the bathroom 打扫浴室；sweep the floor 扫地；take out the rubbish 倒垃圾。 feed the fish 喂鱼；water the plants 给植物浇水；hang up photos 挂照片；set the table 摆餐具；do the dishes 洗餐具；do the laundry 洗衣服；fold clothes 叠衣服。 invite friends over 邀请朋友到家里来；give sb a lift 让某人搭便车；borrow a chess set 借一副国际象棋；prepare for 为……做准备；feel at home 感到自在。 三 核心语法：礼貌请求与征求许可 1. 请对方做事：Can / Could you (please) + 动词原形 ...? Could you please move this chair? 请你搬一下这把椅子好吗？ 同意：Sure. / No problem. 拒绝时可先说 Sorry，再说明原因。 2. 问自己能否做事：Can / Could I + 动词原形 ...? Could I use this box for my books? 我能用这个盒子装书吗？ 许可：Yes, you can. / Of course. 不许可：Sorry, you can’t. 可接具体理由。 3. 此处 could 让语气更委婉，不表示动作发生在过去。Can / Could 后都用动词原形；问句不再加 do / does。回答许可时常用 can，不必机械照搬 could。 四 易错搭配 1. hang up / pack up / take out 的宾语是代词时，代词放中间：hang it up；pack them up；take it out。不能写 hang up it。 2. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事：We invite our cousin to stay with us. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事：Dad helps me (to) clean the room. 3. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；be happy to do sth 很高兴做某事。 Mum is busy cooking. 妈妈正忙着做饭。I’m happy to help. 我很乐意帮忙。 一 根据中文补全短语 每空一词。 1. 收拾行李：pack ________ the luggage 倒垃圾：take ________ the rubbish 2. 扫地：________ the floor 喂鱼：________ the fish 3. 感到自在：feel ________ home 摆餐具：________ the table 二 区分请求与许可 请求他人做事写 R；询问自己是否可以做某事写 P。 4. ( ) Could I keep my books in this box? 5. ( ) Can you move the chair for me, please? 6. ( ) Could you please help us put up the photo? 三 按情境补全问答 第 7—9 题每空一词；第 10 题从括号中选词。 7. 你提着一个大箱子，请妹妹开门。 Could ________ please ________ the door for me? 8. 你想用爸爸的电脑，先征求许可。 ________ ________ use your computer, Dad? 9. 照片准备好了，请同伴帮忙挂起来。 Here is the photo. Please help me hang ________ ________. 10. —Could I go out now? —________. Please finish your housework first. （Sure / Sorry） 四 用所给词的适当形式填空 11. Could you ________ (bring) some brushes? I want ________ (paint) the room. 12. Thank you for ________ (help) me. I’m happy ________ (work) with you. 五 阅读家庭准备活动 My aunt and uncle are coming to stay with us this weekend. We want to make the small bedroom comfortable for them. Mum washes the sheets（床单）, and Dad moves a reading chair near the window. I put two cups on the table. “Could I put these flowers here too?” I ask. “Yes, of course,” Mum says. My little brother wants to help. I ask him to bring a clean plate for some fruit. He brings two plates and says, “One for the fruit and one for Aunt’s biscuits!” We all laugh. The room is ready, and we are happy to welcome them. 根据短文，用英文回答第 13—16 题；第 17 题选择正确答案。 13. Who is coming to stay with the family? ______________________________________________________ 14. Where does Dad put the reading chair? ______________________________________________________ 15. What does the writer ask Mum for permission to do? ______________________________________________________ 16. Why does the little brother bring two plates? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 17. ( ) What makes the room ready for the guests? A. Only the writer’s work. B. The family’s work together. C. The aunt and uncle’s help. 六 写出合适的请求或答语 18. 邻居愿意帮忙，你请他明天给阳台上的花浇水。用 Could you please 开头写一句话。提示：on the balcony ______________________________________________________ 19. 同伴问 “Could I borrow your chess set?”。你同意，但请对方小心使用。用 Yes 和 Please 写两句话。 ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 七 写邀请帮忙的邮件 20. 你想把卧室墙壁刷成浅蓝色，并挂上两张新照片。给好友 Sam 写一封 40—55 词的邮件：说明计划；邀请他周六上午来家里；请他带刷子并帮忙挂照片。至少用一个礼貌请求句。称呼与落款不计入词数。 ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 参考答案与简析 一 根据中文补全短语 1. up；out 2. sweep；feed 3. at；set 二 区分请求与许可 4. P。I 是提出请求的人，问自己能否使用这个盒子。 5. R。请对方移动椅子。 6. R。请对方帮忙挂照片。 三 按情境补全问答 7. you；open 8. Could；I 或 Can；I。两种都能询问许可。 9. it；up。photo 是单数，用 it；代词放在 hang 与 up 之间。 10. Sorry。后文要求先完成家务，因此此处不是直接同意。 四 用所给词的适当形式填空 11. bring；to paint 12. helping；to work 五 阅读家庭准备活动 13. The writer’s aunt and uncle. 14. Near the window. 15. To put the flowers on the table. / The writer asks to put the flowers on the table. 16. One is for the fruit and the other is for Aunt’s biscuits. / To put fruit on one plate and Aunt’s biscuits on the other. 17. B。妈妈洗床单，爸爸搬椅子，孩子们准备杯子、花和盘子。 六 写出合适的请求或答语 18. Could you please water the flowers on the balcony tomorrow? 19. Yes, of course. Please be careful with it. / Yes, you can. Please use it carefully. 七 写邀请帮忙的邮件 20. 参考答案： Dear Sam, I want to paint my bedroom walls light blue and hang two new photos. Can you come to my home on Saturday morning? Could you please bring some brushes and help me hang the photos? We can work together. Thank you for your help. Li Ming 正文 44 词。应包含颜色、两张照片、到访时间地点、带刷子和帮忙挂照片。 — — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $