Unit 1 The Changing World Section B (2a-3d) 讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

本讲义聚焦合成词构词法、be known as/be different from用法及今昔变化写作，构建“合成词拆分学习→词汇语境运用→塞罕坝短文阅读→used to与now对比写作”的连贯学习支架，具体涵盖railway等合成词、塞罕坝“绿色奇迹”语篇分析及“First/Second/Third+不变收尾”写作结构。 资料以核心素养为导向，语言能力上通过2b词汇填空（如用wide描述道路变化）提升语境运用能力，文化意识上借塞罕坝短文渗透环保精神，思维品质上通过对比结构培养逻辑分析能力。课中助教师高效授课，课后随堂练习（如be known as单选）帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识掌握。

Unit 1 The Changing World Section B (2a–3d) 词汇运用与变化写作 (讲义 学生用) 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 1 The Changing World Section B(2a–3d) 课型 词汇 阅读 写作综合课(词汇运用与今昔变化表达) 年级 九年级上册 课时 第 6 课时(对应教材 Section B 2a–3d) 教材 人教版(2024)九年级上册 Unit 1 The Changing World Section B(2a–3d),课本第 8–10 页 主题 合成词与词汇填空;塞罕坝“绿色奇迹”;used to 与今昔变化写作 教学重难点 重点 掌握合成词构词法(green+house greenhouse 等)与 2b/2c 词汇在语境中的正确形式; 读懂塞罕坝短文,掌握 be known as(作为……闻名)与 be different from(与……不同); 运用 used to do 与 now 对比结构写“我的生活变化”,并以“one thing stays the same”收尾。 难点 be known as 与 be known for 易混(as 接身份/称号,for 接原因); be different from 是固定搭配,不用 different with;the same as 为其反义; 3d 写作易只罗列“变化”而缺“不变的事”与情感升华,导致结构不完整。 突破策略 突破策略 ① 合成词公式:名词 + 名词 = 新义(rail+road railway;sand+storm sandstorm;high+way highway;farm+land farmland;green+house greenhouse)。 突破策略 ② be known as(作为…闻名,接身份/称号) be known for(因…闻名,接原因)。 突破策略 ③ 对比句型:used to + 动词原形 / used to be + 状态 Now / My life is different from 突破策略 ④ 3d 写作支架:First, used to but now Second, Third, One thing stays the same: the love from my family. (一)Warm-up:你的生活有变化吗?(课本 p.8) 看图思考并回答:你喜欢现在的生活吗?和过去相比,你的生活有哪些变化?(课本 p.8 导入) 图 1 导入:Do you like your life? Are there any changes in your life?(课本 p.8) A: Are there any changes in your life? — Yes. I used to live in a small flat, but now we have a bigger one. B: One thing stays the same — my family's love for me never changes. 【过渡语】用 used to but now 谈生活变化,自然进入 2a–3d 的词汇运用与变化写作。 (二)核心新词(课本 p.8–9) 熟读下列新词,注意音标与词性(课本 p.8–9 词汇表)。 核心词汇(一) rail /re l/ n. 铁路 narrow / n r / adj. 狭窄的 villager / v l d (r)/ n. 村民 the Olympics / l mp ks/ n. 奥林匹克运动会(= the Olympic Games) lead /li d/ v. (led, led) 带领;过(某种生活) n. 领先地位;主角 man-made / m n me d/ adj. 人造的;非天然的(以上均课本 p.8–9) 核心词汇(二) miracle / m r kl/ n. 奇迹 junior / d u ni (r)/ adj. 低年级的;初级的 flat /fl t/ n. 公寓 discussion /d sk n/ n. 讨论 aspect / spekt/ n. 方面 Mombasa /m m b s / 蒙巴萨(肯尼亚城市,课本 p.8–9) 【提示框】junior high school = 初中(反义 senior high school 高中);lead a life = 过……的生活;man-made forest = 人工林。 (三)2a:合成词构词(课本 p.8) 把左右两栏词组合成合成词,并说出更多你知道的合成词(课本 p.8 活动 2a)。 图 2 课本 2a:Use a word on the left and a word on the right to create a compound word.(课本 p.8) green + house greenhouse 温室 sand + storm sandstorm 沙尘暴 high + way highway 公路 farm + land farmland 耕地 rail + road railway 铁路 拓展:classroom, blackboard, weekend, newspaper 等同理。 【知识点】合成词多由“名词+名词”构成,整体产生新义;遇到生词可尝试拆分左右语素猜测意思。 (四)2b:用词汇完成句子(课本 p.8) 用框内词汇(wide / bridge / capital / corn / product)完成句子(课本 p.8 活动 2b)。 1. The road used to be narrow and dirty. Now, it is wide and clean. 2. The bridge made it convenient for the villagers to travel across the river to the city. 3. Beijing, China's capital, hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics. 4. Our farm has a lot of laying hens. They feed on corn, vegetables, and insects. 5. Look! This is a digital product that only sells online. 【提示框】capital 作“首都”时首字母常大写(Beijing, China's capital);corn = 玉米(美式),英式常用 maize。 (五)2c:塞罕坝“绿色奇迹”短文(课本 p.9) 用框内词汇(government / bush / sandstorm / result / sandy / soil)的正确形式补全短文(课本 p.9 活动 2c)。 图 3 课本 2c:Saihanba 塞罕坝治沙短文(课本 p.9) In 1962, Wang Shanghai moved with his family from their house in Chengde to the sandy lands of Saihanba. There were few trees to hold the sandy soil together, and there were often sandstorms. Temperatures were below freezing during the winter. Life there was very difficult. With support from the government, Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined to make the environment of Saihanba better. Over the next 60 years, workers planted bushes and trees, creating the world's biggest man-made forest. Today, Saihanba is known as "the green miracle". This is the result of hard work and people working together. Now, the land is covered with green trees and the water is clean and fresh. 【知识点】sandy soil = 沙质土壤;hold together = 把……固定在一起;bush(灌木)复数 bushes;man-made forest = 人工林。 (六)语言点:be known as(课本 p.9) 例句:Today, Saihanba is known as "the green miracle".(如今,塞罕坝被誉为“绿色奇迹”。) be known as 意为“作为……而闻名”,后接身份、职业、称号等(相当于 be famous as); 拓展:be known for 意为“因……而闻名”,后接出名的原因(相当于 be famous for); 例:Yao Ming is known as a great player. 姚明作为一名伟大的运动员而闻名。 例:Lu Xun is known for his novels. 鲁迅因他的小说而闻名。 小试:1. She a good singer in our school. A. known for B. is known for C. is known as D. known as (答案:C) 2. This town its delicious seafood. A. is known as B. is known for C. be known as D. be known for (答案:B) (七)3a 阅读:Changes in My Life(课本 p.9–10) 阅读短文,找出“发生了变化的事”与“保持不变的事”(课本 p.9–10 活动 3a)。 图 4 课本 3a:Changes in My Life 阅读(课本 p.9–10) Now that I am older, my life is different from when I was in primary school. For example, my primary school was near my home, so I used to walk to school with my parents. Now my junior high school is farther from home. I take a bus every day with my friends. My home has changed too. My family used to live in a small flat, but now we have moved to a much larger one. My grandma lives with us now as well. She has her own room and her own TV set. I am glad that I get to see her every day. The way I study is also different. I have become more confident in my studies and often attend group discussions. I enjoy studying with my friends. It's amazing how much we have achieved together. My life has changed in many ways, but one thing has stayed the same: the feeling of love and happiness shared by my family. 【过渡语】抓对比标记:used to / now / different from;结尾“one thing has stayed the same”是情感升华,写作也要保留。 (八)语言点:be different from(课本 p.10) 例句:Now that I am older, my life is different from when I was in primary school. be different from 意为“和……不同”,反义短语为 be the same as(和……一样); 例:The culture in China is different from that in Western countries. 中国的文化与西方国家的文化不同。 例:His new bike is the same as yours. 他的新自行车和你的一样。 小试:1. My ruler is yours. They look quite different. A. the same as B. different from C. same as D. different with (答案:B) 2. This pen is yours. Both are black. A. different from B. the same as C. same from D. different with (答案:B) (九)3b 信息表 3c 笔记 3d 写作(课本 p.10) 1. 3b 完成“我的生活变化”信息表(课本 p.10 活动 3b)。 方面 过去 (used to / past) 现在 (now) 家 home lived in a small flat; Grandma didn't live with them moved to a much larger flat; Grandma lives with them 学校 school near home; walked to school with parents farther from home; take a bus every day with friends 学习 study (未具体提及) more confident; often joins group discussions; enjoys studying with friends 2. 3c 仿照上表,就 home / school / study / neighbourhood / transport / environment 记录自己的变化(课本 p.10 活动 3c)。 图 5 课本 3c:Make notes in a table like the one in 3b.(课本 p.10) 3. 3d 写作支架(选三项变化 + 一件不变的事收尾,课本 p.10 活动 3d): My life has changed a lot since primary school. First, my home is bigger now. I used to live in a small flat, but now I have a bigger house with a big garden. Second, my school is more fun. There used to be no clubs in primary school. But now I have many new clubs, such as the music club, and I can play the guitar now. Third, I study differently. I used to do homework alone, but now I study in groups and enjoy group discussions with my friends. One thing stays the same: the love from my family. They always support me and make me happy. 图 6 课本 3d:Write a short passage about your changes.(课本 p.10) 【答题技巧】写作用“总—分—总”:开篇点题 First/Second/Third 三项 used to but now 以 One thing stays the same 升华,结构与范文一致更易得高分。 (十)核心词汇与句型(课本 p.8–10) 本课时重点词汇与表达,音标以课本新词表为标准,统一标注页码「课本 p.8–10」。 核心词汇 rail /re l/ n. 铁路 narrow / n r / adj. 狭窄的 villager / v l d (r)/ n. 村民 lead /li d/ v. 带领;过(生活) man-made / m n me d/ adj. 人造的 miracle / m r kl/ n. 奇迹 junior / d u ni (r)/ adj. 初级的 flat /fl t/ n. 公寓 discussion /d sk n/ n. 讨论 aspect / spekt/ n. 方面 2b/2c 词汇:wide, bridge, capital, corn, product, government, bush, sandstorm, result, sandy, soil(均课本 p.8–10) 【提示框】重点句型:Saihanba is known as "the green miracle". / My life is different from / used to but now / One thing stays the same. (十一)随堂练习(课本 p.8–10 语言点) 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Saihanba is (know) as "the green miracle". 2. My life is different yours in many ways. 3. The road used to be narrow, but now it is (wide). 4. The bridge is very (convenient) for the villagers. 二、单项选择。 1. Yao Ming is a great basketball player. A. known for B. known as C. famous for D. famous with 2. My ruler is yours. They look quite different. A. the same as B. different from C. same as D. different with 3. Beijing is China's , and it hosted the 2008 Olympics. A. capital B. port C. village D. capital city 4. They planted and trees to hold the soil together. A. bush B. bushes C. bushing D. bushed 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 如今,塞罕坝被誉为“绿色奇迹”。 Today, Saihanba is "the green miracle". 2. 我的生活和小学时不同了。 My life is when I was in primary school. 四、用本课时合成词填空(railway / sandstorm / highway)。 1. A is a road built specially for trains. 2. Too many trees were lost, so often hit the area. 3. They built a new to connect the two cities. 参考答案 一、1. known 2. from 3. wide 4. convenient 二、1. B (known as 接身份/称号) 2. B (different from) 3. A (capital 首都) 4. B (bush 复数 bushes) 三、1. known as 2. different from 四、1. railway 2. sandstorms 3. highway 【答题技巧】be known as 接身份/称号,be known for 接原因;different from 固定搭配;合成词由两名词拼接(rail+road railway)。 易错提醒 ① be known as(作为…闻名,接身份/称号)≠ be known for(因…闻名,接原因),勿混。 ② be different from 是固定搭配,介词用 from,不用 with;the same as 是其反义。 ③ bush 复数 bushes;以 -sh/-ch/-s/-x 结尾名词变复数加 -es。 ④ used to 后接动词原形;used to be + 状态表“过去是……(现在不是)”。 ⑤ 合成词整体成新义(greenhouse 温室,非“绿色的房子”),拆分猜义需谨慎。 答题技巧 ① 合成词题先想“左词+右词”能否拼成课本词,再检查拼写(railway / highway / sandstorm / farmland / greenhouse)。 ② 完形/填空先判时态:used to(过去) now(现在);被动(is known / was completed)看时间状语。 ③ 3d 写作严格用 First/Second/Third + used to but now + One thing stays the same 结构。 ④ 对比类阅读先圈 used to / now / different from,信息提取更快更准。 语言点归纳 合成词:rail+road railway, high+way highway, sand+storm sandstorm, farm+land farmland, green+house greenhouse。 be known as(作为…闻名) be known for(因…闻名)。 be different from(与…不同) be the same as(与…相同)。 used to do / used to be now ;one thing stays the same 作情感升华。 核心词:rail, narrow, villager, lead, man-made, miracle, junior, flat, discussion, aspect, Mombasa;2b/2c: wide, bridge, capital, corn, product, government, bush, sandstorm, result, sandy, soil。 课堂总结 本课时通过 2a 合成词与 2b/2c 词汇填空,掌握构词法与语境用词;读懂塞罕坝“绿色奇迹”短文,体会 human efforts 改变环境; 掌握 be known as、be different from 两个重点结构; 通过 3a 阅读与 3d 写作,运用 used to but now 描写生活变化,并以“one thing stays the same”收尾,完成一篇完整的今昔对比短文。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $