Unit 1 A New Start Understanding ideas 语篇知识点导学案-2026-2027学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

该高中英语导学案围绕“My First Day at Senior High”语篇，聚焦过去完成时、when特殊句型、现在分词作时间状语等七个核心语法点，通过课文原句引入，结合结构解析与动作顺序分析，设计填空、改写等小练习，搭建从理解到应用的学习支架，衔接初中基础语法与高中语篇语法知识。 该资料以语篇语境为依托，将语法点与真实情境结合，小练习形式多样且针对性强，助力学生在分析与应用中提升语言理解和表达能力，培养主动调适学习策略的意识，符合语言能力和学习能力的核心素养要求，有效促进学生从语法知识到语用能力的转化。

My First Day at Senior High 语篇知识导学案 1. 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense） After I had pictured it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived. · 结构：had + 过去分词 (done) · 含义：表示 “过去的过去” 发生的动作。文中的动作顺序是： ① pictured（想象）→ ② arrived（到来） （先想象，后到来，所以想象用过去完成时 had pictured） 小练习：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 · By the time I got to school, the class __________ already __________ (begin). · I __________ (never / meet) the teacher before he walked into our classroom. 2. when 的特殊句型（正在……这时……） I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. when 在以下句型中表示 “这时（突然）”，而不是“当……的时候”： · 句型 含义 be doing... when... 正在做……这时…… be about to do... when... 正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……这时…… had just done... when... 刚做完……这时…… 小练习：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 · I __________ (read) a book at 8 o’clock last night when the phone rang. · She was about to leave when her friend __________ (arrive). · They were __________ the point of giving up when their coach encouraged them. · He __________ (just finish) his homework when his mother called him for dinner. · The students __________ (have) a discussion when the headmaster entered the room. 3. 现在分词短语作时间状语 Turning around, I saw a white-haired man. · 现在分词短语作时间状语，充当副词性修饰语（即状语），为主句谓语动词所表示的动作提供时间背景，说明“主句动作发生在什么时候”，同时让句子更简洁、更高级。作用：表示“同时发生”；表示“先后发生”（分词动作先发生，主句动作后发生，强调动作的连贯性）；表示“紧接着发生”（一……就……） ⚠️现在分词短语作时间状语，它的逻辑主语必须等于主句的主语。 · 现在分词短语类型 示例 Walking in the park, I met an old friend. 同时发生 Turning around, I saw a white-haired man. 先后发生 Hearing the news, she burst into tears. 一……就…… 小练习：将下列句子改写成带有现在分词短语作时间状语的句子。 · When I arrived at the school, I felt very nervous. → ____________________________________. · After I finished my homework, I went out to play basketball. → ____________________________________. 4. 感叹句：How true these words were! How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ ⚠️区分：What 感叹句里确实“藏”了两个名词，而 How 感叹句里通常只有一个。 小练习：填正确的词，完成感叹句。 · ____________ beautiful weather we are having today! · ____________ beautiful the sunset is! · ____________ an interesting story he told us! · ____________ delicious the soup tastes! · ____________ interesting books they are reading! 5. with 复合结构（with + 名词/代词 + 宾补） With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. · with 复合结构在句中常作状语，表示原因、方式、伴随等情况。 · 宾补类型 示例 形容词 with the door open 副词 with the light on 介词短语 with butterflies in my stomach 不定式 with much homework to do（动作未发生） 现在分词 with time going by（主动进行） 过去分词 with time limited（被动完成） 小练习：填空。 · The meeting ended with the problem __________ (solve). · With the children __________ (make) so much noise, I couldn't focus on my work. · With the machine __________ (run) all night, we finished the task on time. · With his eyes __________ (close), he pretended to be asleep. · With so many clothes __________ (wash), she stayed up late. 6. too...to... 结构（太……而不能……） I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! · 结构：too + 形容词/副词 + to do... · 含义：表示否定结果，意为“太……以至于不能做……” 小练习：英译汉 → 汉译英。 · The box is too heavy for me to carry. → ____________________________________ · 我太紧张了，说不出一句话。 → I was __________ nervous __________ say a word. 7. make + 宾语 + 宾补（使/让……处于某种状态） ... his words made me a lot more relaxed! · 结构公式：make + 宾语 + 宾补 宾补常见形式：形容词 / 名词 / 不带 to 的不定式 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 · 例子 宾补类型 make him happy 形容词 make him monitor 名词 make everyone laugh 不带 to 的不定式 make myself heard 过去分词 make yourself at home 介词短语 ⚠️ 注意：在被动语态中，不带 to 的不定式要恢复 to。 主动：The joke made everyone laugh. 被动：Everyone was made to laugh by the joke. 小练习：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 · The naughty boy was made __________ (clean) the classroom all by himself. · The terrible noise made the little girl __________ (frighten). · The speaker raised his voice to make his point __________ (understand) by everyone. · The interesting story made all of us __________ (laugh) happily. · All the teammates made him __________ (captain) of the basketball team. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ My First Day at Senior High 语篇知识导学案 1. 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense） After I had pictured it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived. · 结构：had + 过去分词 (done) · 含义：表示 “过去的过去” 发生的动作。文中的动作顺序是： ① pictured（想象）→ ② arrived（到来） （先想象，后到来，所以想象用过去完成时 had pictured） 小练习：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 · By the time I got to school, the class had already begun (begin). · I had never met (never / meet) the teacher before he walked into our classroom. 2. when 的特殊句型（正在……这时……） I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. when 在以下句型中表示 “这时（突然）”，而不是“当……的时候”： · 句型 含义 be doing... when... 正在做……这时…… be about to do... when... 正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……这时…… had just done... when... 刚做完……这时…… 小练习：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 · I was reading (read) a book at 8 o’clock last night when the phone rang. · She was about to leave when her friend arrived (arrive). · They were on the point of giving up when their coach encouraged them. · He had just finished (just finish) his homework when his mother called him for dinner. · The students were having (have) a discussion when the headmaster entered the room. 3. 现在分词短语作时间状语 Turning around, I saw a white-haired man. · 现在分词短语作时间状语，充当副词性修饰语（即状语），为主句谓语动词所表示的动作提供时间背景，说明“主句动作发生在什么时候”，同时让句子更简洁、更高级。作用：表示“同时发生”；表示“先后发生”（分词动作先发生，主句动作后发生，强调动作的连贯性）；表示“紧接着发生”（一……就……） ⚠️现在分词短语作时间状语，它的逻辑主语必须等于主句的主语。 · 现在分词短语类型 示例 Walking in the park, I met an old friend. 同时发生 Turning around, I saw a white-haired man. 先后发生 Hearing the news, she burst into tears. 一……就…… 小练习：将下列句子改写成带有现在分词短语作时间状语的句子。 · When I arrived at the school, I felt very nervous. → Arriving at the school, I felt very nervous. · After I finished my homework, I went out to play basketball. → Finishing my homework, I went out to play basketball. 4. 感叹句：How true these words were! How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ ⚠️区分：What 感叹句里确实“藏”了两个名词，而 How 感叹句里通常只有一个。 小练习：填正确的词，完成感叹句。 · What beautiful weather we are having today! · How beautiful the sunset is! · What an interesting story he told us! · How delicious the soup tastes! · What interesting books they are reading! 5. with 复合结构（with + 名词/代词 + 宾补） With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. · with 复合结构在句中常作状语，表示原因、方式、伴随等情况。 · 宾补类型 示例 形容词 with the door open 副词 with the light on 介词短语 with butterflies in my stomach 不定式 with much homework to do（动作未发生） 现在分词 with time going by（主动进行） 过去分词 with time limited（被动完成） 小练习：填空。 · The meeting ended with the problem solved (solve). · With the children making (make) so much noise, I couldn't focus on my work. · With the machine running (run) all night, we finished the task on time. · With his eyes closed (close), he pretended to be asleep. · With so many clothes to wash (wash), she stayed up late. 6. too...to... 结构（太……而不能……） I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! · 结构：too + 形容词/副词 + to do... · 含义：表示否定结果，意为“太……以至于不能做……” 小练习：英译汉 → 汉译英。 · The box is too heavy for me to carry. → 这个盒子对我来说太重了，以至于我拿不动。 · 我太紧张了，说不出一句话。 → I was too nervous to say a word. 7. make + 宾语 + 宾补（使/让……处于某种状态） ... his words made me a lot more relaxed! · 结构公式：make + 宾语 + 宾补 宾补常见形式：形容词 / 名词 / 不带 to 的不定式 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 · 例子 宾补类型 make him happy 形容词 make him monitor 名词 make everyone laugh 不带 to 的不定式 make myself heard 过去分词 make yourself at home 介词短语 ⚠️ 注意：在被动语态中，不带 to 的不定式要恢复 to。 主动：The joke made everyone laugh. 被动：Everyone was made to laugh by the joke. 小练习：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 · The naughty boy was made to clean (clean) the classroom all by himself. · The terrible noise made the little girl frightened (frighten). · The speaker raised his voice to make his point understood (understand) by everyone. · The interesting story made all of us laugh (laugh) happily. · All the teammates made him captain (captain) of the basketball team. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $