Unit 1 The Mass Media单元语法（过去完成时）-2026-2027学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦过去完成时“过去的过去”核心概念，通过单句语法填空与完成句子结合的题型设计，系统覆盖时间状语引导及固定句型应用，强化语境中的语法理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|30题|考查过去完成时基本用法，涵盖before/by the end of/when等时间状语引导的时态判断|围绕“过去的过去”核心概念，通过不同时间标志词构建时态应用逻辑链| |完成句子|10题|结合语境考查过去完成时在复合句中的应用，涉及固定句型（It was the first time that...）及虚拟语气|从基础用法到语境应用，形成“概念-标志词-语境”的递进式知识架构|

Unit 1 The Mass Media 过去完成时 一、单句语法填空 1．Before people knew much about biodiversity, they (destroy) many animals’ natural home. 2．Before Lonesome George was found, humans (introduce) goats to the Pinta Island. 3．She claimed that she (read) plenty of reference materials relevant to the controversial social phenomenon. 4．By the end of last autumn, the conservation workers (restore) dozens of ancient architectural relics. 5．When the journalist rushed to the spot, the witnesses (leave), leaving few useful clues. 6．I (intend) to submit my application ahead of the deadline, yet an unexpected emergency ruined my plan. 7．By the end of last semester, the sociology group (conduct) more than 500 face‑to‑face interviews. 8．The interviewee admitted that he (ignore) the potential risks hidden behind the seemingly promising project. 9．The local government didn’t carry out the reconstruction project until experts (evaluate) all possible safety risks. 10．When we got there, the basketball match (be) on for 3 minutes. 11．It was the first time that he (criticize) me in public. 12．By the end of June they (treat) over 10,000 patients. 13．By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie (start) already. 14．By the end of last month, we (review) four books. 15．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. 16．It was the third time that he (fail) the driving test, which made him very frustrated. 17．By the time the ambulance arrived, the injured man (lose) a lot of blood. 18．We (seek) help from the natives before we managed to arrive home. 19．By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 20．The farmers (harvest) all the ripe vegetables in the field by the time the storm hit. 21．Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality. The initial shock wasn’t in the customs or language differences I (expect) abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S. 22．The latter (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set up to establish the truth of this bold prediction. 23．Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as opposed to the history paintings that (dominate) European art. 24．The population of Chinese people on the mainland aged 60 or above (reach) 264.02 million, including 190.64 million people aged 65 or above, or 13.5 percent of the total population, according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021. 25．His wife and 18-year-old son Mehran, a violinist, (go) to India. Another son, 25-year-old pianist Elham Fanoos, was in New York. 26．She moved the stone aside. Imagine her surprise when she saw gold coins where the stone (be). 27．It was so cold that the river had (freeze). 28．The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he (meet) some European business partners. 29．The government   (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year. 30．To address this problem, experts (increase) the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters by the end of 2023, according to the government. 二、完成句子 31．我刚要锁门，这时突然意识到我把门上的钥匙忘到餐桌上了。 I was about to lock the door ________________ on the kitchen table. 32．她本打算早点睡觉，但是朋友突然来访。 She ________ to go to bed early, but her friend dropped in suddenly. 33．当我到达火车站的时候，火车已经走了。我不得不返回到酒店。 When I got to the train station, the train ________________ and I had to go back to the hotel. (leave) 34．________________, he still influenced me. 无论我多么努力地反抗他，他仍然影响着我。 35．________________ I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 我已经睡着了，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。 36．After the accident, he behaved ____________________________________. 事故后他表现得好像什么也没发生过似的。 37．He told me the news ____________________. 他告诉我我们队已获胜。 38．玛丽尽管多年来遭受重病的折磨，但一点也没有失去对生活的热情。 Although Mary had ___________________________ for years, she lost none of her enthusiasm for life. 39．It wasn’t as big ______ . 它没有我想象的那么大。 40．Mr Smith insisted on finding a taxi for me____________________. 虽然我已告诉他我就住在附近，可史密斯先生坚持要给我找一辆出租车。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Mass Media 过去完成时 一、单句语法填空 1．Before people knew much about biodiversity, they (destroy) many animals’ natural home. 【答案】had destroyed 【详解】句意：在人们对生物多样性有足够了解之前，他们就已经破坏了许多动物的栖息地。before引导时间状语从句，从句谓语knew是一般过去时，“破坏栖息地”发生在“人们了解生物多样性”之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had destroyed。 2．Before Lonesome George was found, humans (introduce) goats to the Pinta Island. 【答案】had introduced 【详解】句意：在孤独乔治被发现之前，人类已经将山羊引入了平塔岛。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语从句“Before Lonesome George was found”可知，主句动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，主语humans为复数，助动词用had，introduce的过去分词为introduced。 3．She claimed that she (read) plenty of reference materials relevant to the controversial social phenomenon. 【答案】had read 【详解】句意：她声称自己已经阅读了大量与这一有争议的社会现象相关的参考资料。主句谓语动词 claimed 为一般过去时，宾语从句动作 read 发生在 claimed 之前，即“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时。 4．By the end of last autumn, the conservation workers (restore) dozens of ancient architectural relics. 【答案】had restored 【详解】句意：到去年秋天末，保护工作者已经修复了数十处古建筑遗迹。根据“By the end of last autumn”可知，应用过去完成时；基本形式：主语+had+过去分词，restore的过去分词为restored。 5．When the journalist rushed to the spot, the witnesses (leave), leaving few useful clues. 【答案】had left 【详解】句意：当记者赶到现场时，目击者已经离开了，几乎没有留下有用的线索。根据“When the journalist rushed to the spot”可知，“离开”发生在“赶到现场”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时；基本形式：主语+had+过去分词，leave的过去分词为left。 6．I (intend) to submit my application ahead of the deadline, yet an unexpected emergency ruined my plan. 【答案】had intended 【详解】句意：我本打算在截止日期前提交申请，但一场意外的紧急情况打乱了我的计划。根据“yet an unexpected emergency ruined my plan”可知，此处表示原本打算做而实际上没有做的事情，应用过去完成时形式had intended。 7．By the end of last semester, the sociology group (conduct) more than 500 face‑to‑face interviews. 【答案】had conducted 【详解】句意：到上学期末，社会学小组已经进行了500多次面对面访谈。根据“By the end of last semester”可知，应用过去完成时；基本形式：主语+had+过去分词，conduct的过去分词为conducted。 8．The interviewee admitted that he (ignore) the potential risks hidden behind the seemingly promising project. 【答案】had ignored 【详解】句意：受访者承认他忽视了那个看似前景光明的项目背后隐藏的潜在风险。根据“admitted”（一般过去时）可知，“忽视”发生在“承认”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时；基本形式：主语+had+过去分词，ignore的过去分词为ignored。 9．The local government didn’t carry out the reconstruction project until experts (evaluate) all possible safety risks. 【答案】had evaluated 【详解】句意：当地政府在专家评估了所有可能的安全风险后，才启动了重建项目。空处作从句的谓语，结合“didn’t carry out the reconstruction project until”可知，从句描述的是过去的过去发生的事，时态应用过去完成时，即用had done的形式。 10．When we got there, the basketball match (be) on for 3 minutes. 【答案】had been 【详解】句意：我们到达那里时，篮球赛已经进行三分钟了。got为一般过去时，比赛开始发生在到达之前且持续一段时间，是过去的过去，用过去完成时，所以谓语动词为had been。 11．It was the first time that he (criticize) me in public. 【答案】had criticized 【详解】句意：这是他第一次当众批评我。It was the first time that sb. had done sth.是固定句型，表示“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处是had criticized。 12．By the end of June they (treat) over 10,000 patients. 【答案】had treated 【详解】句意：到六月底，他们已经救治了一万多名病人。by the end of加过去时间（June），表示到过去某一时间为止完成的动作，要用过去完成时，所以谓语动词为had treated。 13．By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie (start) already. 【答案】had started 【详解】句意：我们到达电影院时，电影早已开始了。结合arrived以及语意可知，此处表示“过去的过去”需用过去完成时。 14．By the end of last month, we (review) four books. 【答案】had reviewed 【详解】句意：上个月底，我们已经复习了四本书。根据时间状语By the end of last month可知应用过去完成时，表示在过去某个时间以前已经完成的动作。 15．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had (assume) that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. 【答案】assumed 【详解】句意：这个“图书室”开张后的好几个月里，我都懒得去看上一眼，因为我原本以为里面堆满了狗血爱情小说。主句didn’t bother为一般过去时，“认为、设想”这个动作发生在“懒得去看”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时had + 过去分词assumed。 16．It was the third time that he (fail) the driving test, which made him very frustrated. 【答案】had failed 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第三次没有通过驾驶考试，这使他非常沮丧。空处作谓语，固定句型：It was the +序数词+ time that+主语+had done，表示“某人第几次做某事”，所以空处应用过去完成时态。故填had failed。 17．By the time the ambulance arrived, the injured man (lose) a lot of blood. 【答案】had lost 【详解】考查时态。句意：等到救护车赶到时，受伤的男子已经失血过多了。此处“救护车到达”是过去时间点，“失血”发生在此之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had lost。 18．We (seek) help from the natives before we managed to arrive home. 【答案】had sought 【详解】考查时态。句意：在我们最终安全返回家中之前，曾向当地居民寻求过帮助。根据后文before we managed to arrive home可知，主句谓语表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had sought。 19．By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 【答案】had grown 【详解】考查时态。句意：到了宋代，在中国传统戏曲兴起之前，它已经发展成为一种高度发达的艺术形式，能够讲述三国故事。By the Song Dynasty表示“到宋朝为止”，强调grow into“成长为”这一动作到到宋代已经完成，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had grown。故填had grown。 20．The farmers (harvest) all the ripe vegetables in the field by the time the storm hit. 【答案】had harvested 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：暴风雨来袭时，农民们已经收割完地里所有成熟的蔬菜。根据时间状语“by the time + 从句”可知，从句中的谓语动词为一般过去时，所以此处是过去完成时，强调主句动作发生在从句动作之前，谓语动词需用“had +过去分词”形式，harvest的过去分词为harvested。故填had harvested。 21．Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality. The initial shock wasn’t in the customs or language differences I (expect) abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S. 【答案】had expected 【详解】考查时态。句意：从国外留学归来，感觉就像被现实的浪潮击中。最初的冲击并非来自于我在国外预期会遇到的习俗或语言差异，而是当我重新回到美国的日常生活之时。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，expect这个动作发生在 “was”之前，即过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时。故填had expected。 22．The latter (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set up to establish the truth of this bold prediction. 【答案】had predicted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：后者曾预言蒙特祖马的王国将会覆灭，而这场游戏的设立就是为了证实这个大胆预言的真实性。根据从句的谓语动词“was set up”可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的动作，predict意为“预言”发生在“set up”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时，其构成为“had+过去分词”，predict的去过分词为predicted。故填had predicted。 23．Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as opposed to the history paintings that (dominate) European art. 【答案】had dominated 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：日常题材是他们作品的主要焦点，而非那些主导了欧洲艺术的历史画作。分析句子结构并根据主句中的was和语境可知，此处为定语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，“历史画作主导欧洲艺术”这一动作发生在“日常题材成为焦点”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had dominated。 24．The population of Chinese people on the mainland aged 60 or above (reach) 264.02 million, including 190.64 million people aged 65 or above, or 13.5 percent of the total population, according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021. 【答案】had reached 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据2021年发布的第七次全国人口普查数据，中国大陆60岁及以上人口已达2.6402亿，其中65岁及以上人口1.9064亿，占总人口的13.5%。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“according to data from the seventh national census released in 2021”可知，此处描述的是在过去某个时间(2021年发布数据时)之前已经完成的动作，即60岁及以上人口数量已经达到2.6402亿，所以应该使用过去完成时，其结构为had+动词的过去分词。故填had reached。 25．His wife and 18-year-old son Mehran, a violinist, (go) to India. Another son, 25-year-old pianist Elham Fanoos, was in New York. 【答案】had gone 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他的妻子和18岁的儿子Mehran，一位小提琴手，已经去了印度。另一个儿子，25岁的钢琴家Elham Fanoos在纽约。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语动词，结合语境和后文的was可知，“去印度”这一动作发生在过去的过去，即另一个儿子在纽约之前，应用过去完成时。故填had gone。 26．She moved the stone aside. Imagine her surprise when she saw gold coins where the stone (be). 【答案】had been 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她把石头移到一边。想象一下，当她看到石头原来所在的地方有金币时，她是多么惊讶。saw是一般过去时，而石头“原来在的地方”这个动作发生在saw之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时had been。故填had been。 27．It was so cold that the river had (freeze). 【答案】frozen 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：天气如此寒冷，以至于河都结冰了。had是过去完成时的助动词，其后要接过去分词。故填frozen。 28．The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he (meet) some European business partners. 【答案】had met 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：据说经理已从巴黎回来了，在那儿他与欧洲的一些生意伙伴见面了。由句中的“is said to have arrived”可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而见面的动作则是在arrive所表示的动作之前发生的，即发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had met。 29．The government   (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year. 【答案】had announced 【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底，政府宣布设立若干专项基金。根据时间状语 by the end of last year可知，此处强调动作在过去某个时间之前已经完成，应用过去完成时。故填had announced。 30．To address this problem, experts (increase) the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters by the end of 2023, according to the government. 【答案】had increased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：据政府称，为了解决这一问题，专家们在2023年底之前将数据库从3.2万个字符增加到7万个字符。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句时间状语by the end of 2023可知，此处为过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”已经完成的动作。故填had increased。 二、完成句子 31．我刚要锁门，这时突然意识到我把门上的钥匙忘到餐桌上了。 I was about to lock the door ________________ on the kitchen table. 【答案】when I realized that I had left the key to the door 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“这时突然意识到我把门上的钥匙忘到……了”，“刚要做某事，这时突然……”用固定句型be about to do...when...；“意识到”用realize，结合主句中was，从句谓语使用过去式realized，后接that引导的宾语从句，“把……忘在某处”用leave，“把钥匙忘在某处”发生在“意识到”之前，属于“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had left，“门上的钥匙”译为the key to the door。 32．她本打算早点睡觉，但是朋友突然来访。 She ________ to go to bed early, but her friend dropped in suddenly. 【答案】had planned 【详解】表示“本打算做某事（而未做）”可用had intended to do sth，but后dropped为一般过去时，“打算”发生在“来访”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had planned。 33．当我到达火车站的时候，火车已经走了。我不得不返回到酒店。 When I got to the train station, the train ________________ and I had to go back to the hotel. (leave) 【答案】had already left 【详解】考查动词时态。“离开”leave，“已经”already，根据got以及“火车已经走了”可知，火车离开这个动作发生在“我到达火车站”之前，为“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时，leave的过去分词是left。故填had already left。 34．________________, he still influenced me. 无论我多么努力地反抗他，他仍然影响着我。 【答案】No matter how much I had tried to resist him 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句，用no matter how much；主语为I；表示“努力做某事”用try to do sth.，发生在过去的过去用过去完成时；表示“反抗”用动词resist，him作宾语。故填No matter how much I had tried to resist him。 35．________________ I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 我已经睡着了，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。 【答案】I’d fallen asleep when 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“睡着”使用动词短语fall asleep，此处使用had done when，表示“刚做完某事，这时……”，故填I’d fallen asleep when。 36．After the accident, he behaved ____________________________________. 事故后他表现得好像什么也没发生过似的。 【答案】as if/as though nothing had happened 【详解】考查状语从句和虚拟语气。根据句意，此处表示“好像什么也没发生过似的”为as if或as though引导的状语从句，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，结合句意，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，所以谓语动词使用过去完成时，表示“没什么”为nothing作主语，表示“发生”为happen用于过去完成时。故填as if/though nothing had happened。 37．He told me the news ____________________. 他告诉我我们队已获胜。 【答案】that our team had won the game 【详解】考查时态和同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明news的内容，只起引导作用，无意义，在从句中不充当成分，应用that引导。根据句意可知，表示“我们队已获胜”应用our team had won the game，从句应用过去完成时，表示“获胜”这个动作发生在“告诉”这个动作之前。故答案为that our team had won the game。 38．玛丽尽管多年来遭受重病的折磨，但一点也没有失去对生活的热情。 Although Mary had ___________________________ for years, she lost none of her enthusiasm for life. 【答案】suffered from a serious illness 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据时间状语for years和空前助动词had可知，句子时态为过去完成时，表示一个动作或状态在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，结构为had+过去分词。表示“遭受”可用动词短语suffer from；表示“重病”可用名词短语a serious illness，作宾语。故填suffered from a serious illness。 39．It wasn’t as big ______ . 它没有我想象的那么大。 【答案】as I had expected 【详解】考查比较状语从句。句意：它没有我想象的那么大。表示“不如……那么……”时，结构为“not as/so + 形容词/副词 + as...”。根据句子结构，表示“我想象的”，这个动作发生在谓语动词wasn’t 之前，应该使用过去完成时，应用as I had imagined，构成not as...as引出的比较状语从句，符合句意。故填as I had imagined。 40．Mr Smith insisted on finding a taxi for me____________________. 虽然我已告诉他我就住在附近，可史密斯先生坚持要给我找一辆出租车。 【答案】even if/though I had told him I lived nearby 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“虽然”应用even if/though；表示“我”应用I；表示“告诉某人某事”应用tell sb sth，tell发生在insisted之前，表示“过去的过去”使用过去完成时；表示“他”应用him作宾语；表示“我就住在附近”应用I lived neaby，此处为省略了that的宾语从句，使用一般过去时。故填even if/though I had told him I lived nearby。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $