语法填空 名词-词性转换-专题讲义-2027届高考英语一轮复习

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考语法填空名词词性转换核心考点，按名词变形容词、名词变动词两大模块系统梳理构词规则，通过“用法要点-解题步骤-真题精讲-过关检测”教学环节，帮助学生突破后缀选择、拼写变化等难点，构建从基础规则到高考实战的复习体系。 资料创新采用“句法功能分析+构词规则匹配”教学策略，如结合2025年新高考I卷真题引导学生通过定语功能判断“strategy→strategic”转换，培养思维品质与语言能力。设置高考真题与名校模拟分层练习，配合易错提醒，确保高效突破考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

语法填空-名词-词性转换-专题讲义-2027届高考英语一轮复习 一、名词变形容词 【用法要点】名词变形容词是高考语法填空词性转换的重要类型。当设空处需要形容词（在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、或在 make/find 等动词后作宾补），而所给提示词为名词时，应添加适当的形容词后缀。 解题步骤： 分析结构：判断设空处修饰名词作定语，还是在系动词后作表语，或作宾补。 确定形式：根据构词法选择后缀（-ful、-less、-y、-able、-ant/-ent、-al、-ous、-ly、-ic、-en、-ive等）。 检查拼写：注意以 e 结尾去 e 加 -y，以辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -ful 等。 常见的名词变形容词方式： 构词方式 例词 -ful / -less beauty→beautiful, use→useful, hope→hopeless, peace→peaceful -y luck→lucky, wealth→wealthy, health→healthy, taste→tasty -(e)d age→aged, talent→talented, crowd→crowded, balance→balanced -able value→valuable, comfort→comfortable, reason→reasonable -ant / -ent importance→important, difference→different, fluency→fluent -al nation→national, nature→natural, function→functional, education→educational -ous danger→dangerous, ambition→ambitious, humor→humorous, curiosity→curious -ly friend→friendly, year→yearly, day→daily, week→weekly -ic strategy→strategic, energy→energetic, history→historic, enthusiasm→enthusiastic -en wood→wooden, gold→golden, wool→woolen -ive effect→effective, success→successful, exception→exceptional, emotion→emotional 【精讲真题】 1. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces inspired artists to create oil paintings. 【出处】2025年新高考I卷 2. The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ___________ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 【出处】2024年新课标I卷 3. The ___________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds make fantastic decorations. 【出处】2020年全国II卷 【高考易错提醒】 名词变形容词时，考生常犯以下错误： 后缀选择错误，如将 finance 误变为 finantial（应为 financial）； 忽略以辅音 + y 结尾的名词变 y 为 i 再加后缀（如 strategy→strategic）； 忽略句首大写； 解题时先判断句法功能，再确定后缀，最后检查拼写与大写。 【过关检测】 1. Please provide ________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 【出处】2026届河北省衡水市衡水二中等校高三上学期三调考试三模 2. The rare weekend sweep he completed truly highlighted the machine’s ________ (exception) straight-line speed. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测 3. These experiences not only relieved her loneliness but rebuilt her broken self-respect, showing that human connection forms the basis of ________ (spirit) recovery. 【出处】2026届云南昆明市第一中学高三下学期5月复习诊断 二、名词变动词 解题步骤： 分析结构：判断设空处在句中充当什么成分（谓语等），确认需要动词。 确定形式：根据构词法将名词转换为动词，注意常见的动词后缀和前缀（-en、en-、-ize/-ify、拼写变化）。 检查细节：注意动词的时态、语态、主谓一致。 常见的名词变动词方式： 构词方式 例词 加后缀-en strength → strengthen（加强） length → lengthen（加长） 加前缀en- danger → endanger（危及） 加后缀-ize/-ify summary → summarize（总结） beauty → beautify（美化） 拼写变化 breath → breathe（呼吸） choice → choose（选择） belief → believe（相信） loss → lose（失去） proof → prove（证明） 【精讲真题】 To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___________ (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes. 【出处】2018年新课标I卷 【高考易错提醒】 名词变动词时，考生常犯以下错误： 忽略构词法，直接填写名词原形； 混淆 -en 与 en-：strength→strengthen（加 -en），而 danger→endanger（加 en- 前缀）； 拼写变化类（breath→breathe、choice→choose、proof→prove）记忆不清； 忽略动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 做题时务必先判断句法功能，再确认构词方式，最后检查动词形式。 【过关检测】 1. The school encourages students to ___________ (bath) in the sea during the summer camp to build up their courage. 【出处】2024届山东省青岛市高三下学期一模 2. She knew that Soli was trying to ________ (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear. 3. These human activities will ________ (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of the ecosystem. 三、巩固练习 （一）高考真题 1. Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 【出处】2023年新高考I卷 2. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop ___________ (education) computer programs for children in preschool. 【出处】2020年全国I卷 3. Oliver says if you're ___________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them whether you can join in. 【出处】2020年北京卷 4. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 【出处】2020年新高考I卷 5. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___________ (wonder). 【出处】2019年全国II卷 6. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___________ (globe) fertilizer consumption. 【出处】2018年全国II卷 （二）名校模拟 1. AI has become a key tool to hone pilots’ skills since ________ (technology) advancement was applied to the PLAAF. 【出处】2026届山东省实验中学高三上学期12月第三次诊断 2. Today, ________ (variety) mocha products have won global hearts. 【出处】2026届安徽合肥一六八中学等校高三最后一卷 3. Though wastED received ________ (enthusiasm) reviews, it was designed as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. 【出处】福建省厦门双十中学2026届高三热身考 4. Marking the first time a wind turbine has been used for housing, Nestle is an ________ (ambition) demonstration of the possibilities of up-cycling, says Jos de Krieger, co-founder of the company behind the project. 【出处】2026届浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期一模英语试题 5. The butterfly’s ________ (success) emergence is not just about having an insect in space. 【出处】山西大学附属中学校2025-2026学年高三下学期5月阶段检测 6. This year, China introduced ________ (addition) favorable policies to facilitate cross-border travel and attract more foreign visitors. 【出处】湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 7. The custom gained ________ (emotion) depth through the legend of Lady Meng Jiang, who traveled thousands of miles to bring winter clothes to her husband building the Great Wall — only to learn he had died. 【出处】安徽省合肥市第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月教学质量测评 8. This year, exports rose 8%, with ________ (year) exports over 80 million yuan. 【出处】山东省九五高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期12月质量检测 9. Overfishing continues to ________ (danger) many marine species in the ocean. 10. You should ________ (apology) to your friend if you hurt his feelings by mistake. 11. People always ________ (sympathy) with those who face unexpected difficulties in life. 12. We need to ________ (strength) our team spirit through regular group activities. 13. The company plans to ________ (length) the product warranty to attract more buyers. 14. Teachers often ________ (courage) students to ask questions during class. 15. Grasp the detailed information of the listening material and be able to ___________ (summary) the main idea. 16. She had to ___________ (choice) between giving up her job and hiring a babysitter. 17. The doctor told him to take deep breaths and ___________ (breath) slowly to calm himself down. 18. He would rather ___________ (loss) everything than give up his dream. 19. In addition, planting trees helps improve and ________ (beauty) the environment. 20. The tour guide will ___________ (advice) visitors on the best routes to explore the ancient town during the holiday. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 语法填空-名词-词性转换-专题讲义-2027届高考英语一轮复习 一、名词变形容词 【用法要点】名词变形容词是高考语法填空词性转换的重要类型。当设空处需要形容词（在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、或在 make/find 等动词后作宾补），而所给提示词为名词时，应添加适当的形容词后缀。 解题步骤： 分析结构：判断设空处修饰名词作定语，还是在系动词后作表语，或作宾补。 确定形式：根据构词法选择后缀（-ful、-less、-y、-able、-ant/-ent、-al、-ous、-ly、-ic、-en、-ive等）。 检查拼写：注意以 e 结尾去 e 加 -y，以辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -ful 等。 常见的名词变形容词方式： 构词方式 例词 -ful / -less beauty→beautiful, use→useful, hope→hopeless, peace→peaceful -y luck→lucky, wealth→wealthy, health→healthy, taste→tasty -(e)d age→aged, talent→talented, crowd→crowded, balance→balanced -able value→valuable, comfort→comfortable, reason→reasonable -ant / -ent importance→important, difference→different, fluency→fluent -al nation→national, nature→natural, function→functional, education→educational -ous danger→dangerous, ambition→ambitious, humor→humorous, curiosity→curious -ly friend→friendly, year→yearly, day→daily, week→weekly -ic strategy→strategic, energy→energetic, history→historic, enthusiasm→enthusiastic -en wood→wooden, gold→golden, wool→woolen -ive effect→effective, success→successful, exception→exceptional, emotion→emotional 【精讲真题】 1. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces inspired artists to create oil paintings. 【出处】2025年新高考I卷 【答案】strategic 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：黑白棋子间的平衡、棋子极具策略性的摆放之美，启发了艺术家创作油画。空格处修饰名词 placement，需用 strategy 的形容词形式。strategy 变 y 为 i 再加 -c 构成形容词 strategic，意为“战略的、策略性的”。故填 strategic。 2. The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ___________ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 【出处】2024年新课标I卷 【答案】functional 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来建造这座兼具美观与防护功能的结构。空格处修饰名词 structure，需用 function 的形容词形式。function 加后缀 -al 构成形容词 functional，意为“功能的、起作用的”。故填 functional。 3. The ___________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds make fantastic decorations. 【出处】2020年全国II卷 【答案】beautiful 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：覆满粉色花蕾的美丽长枝构成了绝妙的装饰。空格处修饰名词短语 long branches，需用 beauty 的形容词形式。beauty 加后缀 -ful 构成形容词 beautiful，意为“美丽的”。故填 beautiful。 【高考易错提醒】 名词变形容词时，考生常犯以下错误： 后缀选择错误，如将 finance 误变为 finantial（应为 financial）； 忽略以辅音 + y 结尾的名词变 y 为 i 再加后缀（如 strategy→strategic）； 忽略句首大写； 解题时先判断句法功能，再确定后缀，最后检查拼写与大写。 【过关检测】 1. Please provide ________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 【出处】2026届河北省衡水市衡水二中等校高三上学期三调考试三模 【答案】financial 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：请为当地居民提供资金援助及其他福利。空格处需用形容词，名词 finance 加相应后缀构成形容词 financial。故填 financial。 2. The rare weekend sweep he completed truly highlighted the machine’s ________ (exception) straight-line speed. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2026届高三模拟预测 【答案】exceptional 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：他完成的这次罕见的周末横扫，真正凸显了这台机器非凡的直线速度。空格处需用形容词，名词 exception 加相应后缀构成形容词 exceptional。故填 exceptional。 3. These experiences not only relieved her loneliness but rebuilt her broken self-respect, showing that human connection forms the basis of ________ (spirit) recovery. 【出处】2026届云南昆明市第一中学高三下学期5月复习诊断 【答案】spiritual 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：这些经历不仅缓解了她的孤独，还重建了她破碎的自尊，表明人际联系是精神康复的基础。空格处需用形容词，名词 spirit 加相应后缀构成形容词 spiritual。故填 spiritual。 二、名词变动词 解题步骤： 分析结构：判断设空处在句中充当什么成分（谓语等），确认需要动词。 确定形式：根据构词法将名词转换为动词，注意常见的动词后缀和前缀（-en、en-、-ize/-ify、拼写变化）。 检查细节：注意动词的时态、语态、主谓一致。 常见的名词变动词方式： 构词方式 例词 加后缀-en strength → strengthen（加强） length → lengthen（加长） 加前缀en- danger → endanger（危及） 加后缀-ize/-ify summary → summarize（总结） beauty → beautify（美化） 拼写变化 breath → breathe（呼吸） choice → choose（选择） belief → believe（相信） loss → lose（失去） proof → prove（证明） 【精讲真题】 To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___________ (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes. 【出处】2018年新课标I卷 【答案】strengthen 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，做加强腿部肌肉的练习，避免爬坡，并穿好的跑鞋。空格前为不定式符号 to，后接动词原形。提示词 strength 为名词，意为“力量”，其动词形式为 strengthen，意为“加强、增强”。故填 strengthen。 【高考易错提醒】 名词变动词时，考生常犯以下错误： 忽略构词法，直接填写名词原形； 混淆 -en 与 en-：strength→strengthen（加 -en），而 danger→endanger（加 en- 前缀）； 拼写变化类（breath→breathe、choice→choose、proof→prove）记忆不清； 忽略动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 做题时务必先判断句法功能，再确认构词方式，最后检查动词形式。 【过关检测】 1. The school encourages students to ___________ (bath) in the sea during the summer camp to build up their courage. 【出处】2024届山东省青岛市高三下学期一模 【答案】bathe 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：学校鼓励学生在夏令营期间入海沐浴，以培养他们的勇气。encourage sb. to do sth.，空格前为不定式符号to，需要动词原形。提示词bath为名词，意为"洗澡、沐浴"，其动词形式为bathe，意为"沐浴"。故填bathe。 2. She knew that Soli was trying to ________ (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear. 【答案】frighten 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：她知道索利在试图吓唬她，于是微笑着掩饰自己的恐惧。空格前为 try to，后接动词原形。提示词 fright 为名词，意为“惊吓”，加后缀 -en 构成动词 frighten，意为“使惊吓、吓唬”。故填 frighten。 3. These human activities will ________ (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of the ecosystem. 【答案】endanger 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：这些人类活动将危及野生动物，并影响生态系统的平衡。空格前为助动词 will，后接动词原形，且与 affect 并列作谓语。提示词 danger 为名词，意为“危险”，加前缀 en- 构成动词 endanger，意为“危及、危害”。故填 endanger。 三、巩固练习 （一）高考真题 1. Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 【出处】2023年新高考I卷 【答案】tasty 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：小笼包（汤包）是那些用精致面皮包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和鲜甜肉馅的奇妙构造，绝对是我最爱的中国街头美食。空格处需用形容词，名词 taste 加相应后缀构成形容词 tasty。故填 tasty。 2. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop ___________ (education) computer programs for children in preschool. 【出处】2020年全国I卷 【答案】educational 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：与此同时，随着各大出版公司继续开发面向学前儿童的教育电脑程序，电脑游戏正变得越来越受欢迎。空格处修饰名词短语 computer programs，需用 education 的形容词形式。education 加后缀 -al 构成形容词 educational，意为“教育的”。故填 educational。 3. Oliver says if you're ___________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them whether you can join in. 【出处】2020年北京卷 【答案】lucky 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢做饭的人，问问他们你是否可以一起参与。空格处位于 be 动词之后，与 enough 构成形容词短语，需用 luck 的形容词形式。luck 加后缀 -y 构成形容词 lucky，意为“幸运的”。故填 lucky。 4. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 【出处】2020年新高考I卷 【答案】wealthy 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：在18和19世纪，富裕的人们四处旅行并收集植物、历史文物和艺术品。空格处修饰名词 people，需用 wealth 的形容词形式。wealth 加后缀 -y 构成形容词 wealthy，意为“富裕的”。故填 wealthy。 5. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___________ (wonder). 【出处】2019年全国II卷 【答案】wonderful 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：后来我们收到了一封官方来信，我们激动万分。我们为她感到骄傲。这太棒了。空格处位于 It's 之后作表语，需用 wonder 的形容词形式。wonder 加后缀 -ful 构成形容词 wonderful，意为“精彩的、太棒了”。故填 wonderful。 6. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___________ (globe) fertilizer consumption. 【出处】2018年全国II卷 【答案】global 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：据世界银行统计，中国占全球化肥消费总量的约30%。空格处修饰名词短语 fertilizer consumption，需用 globe 的形容词形式。globe 加后缀 -al 构成形容词 global，意为“全球的”。故填 global。 （二）名校模拟 1. AI has become a key tool to hone pilots’ skills since ________ (technology) advancement was applied to the PLAAF. 【出处】2026届山东省实验中学高三上学期12月第三次诊断 【答案】technological 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：自技术进步应用于中国空军以来，人工智能已成为磨砺飞行员技能的重要工具。空格处需用形容词，名词 technology 加相应后缀构成形容词 technological。故填 technological。 2. Today, ________ (variety) mocha products have won global hearts. 【出处】2026届安徽合肥一六八中学等校高三最后一卷 【答案】various 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：如今，各种各样的摩卡产品赢得了全球消费者的喜爱。空格处需用形容词，名词 variety 加相应后缀构成形容词 various。故填 various。 3. Though wastED received ________ (enthusiasm) reviews, it was designed as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. 【出处】福建省厦门双十中学2026届高三热身考 【答案】enthusiastic 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：尽管wastED餐厅收获了热烈的评价，但它原本只是一次短期实验；蓝山餐厅此后已恢复常规菜单。空格处需用形容词，名词 enthusiasm 加相应后缀构成形容词 enthusiastic。故填 enthusiastic。 4. Marking the first time a wind turbine has been used for housing, Nestle is an ________ (ambition) demonstration of the possibilities of up-cycling, says Jos de Krieger, co-founder of the company behind the project. 【出处】2026届浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期一模英语试题 【答案】ambitious 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：该项目背后的联合创始人Jos de Krieger表示，首次将风力发电机用于住宅的Nestle，是一项展示升级改造可能性的雄心勃勃的示范。空格处需用形容词，名词 ambition 加相应后缀构成形容词 ambitious。故填 ambitious。 5. The butterfly’s ________ (success) emergence is not just about having an insect in space. 【出处】山西大学附属中学校2025-2026学年高三下学期5月阶段检测 【答案】successful 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：蝴蝶的成功破茧不仅仅是在太空里养了一只昆虫那么简单。空格处需用形容词，名词 success 加相应后缀构成形容词 successful。故填 successful。 6. This year, China introduced ________ (addition) favorable policies to facilitate cross-border travel and attract more foreign visitors. 【出处】湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 【答案】additional 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：今年，中国出台了更多利好政策，以方便跨境旅行并吸引更多外国游客。空格处需用形容词，名词 addition 加相应后缀构成形容词 additional。故填 additional。 7. The custom gained ________ (emotion) depth through the legend of Lady Meng Jiang, who traveled thousands of miles to bring winter clothes to her husband building the Great Wall — only to learn he had died. 【出处】安徽省合肥市第一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月教学质量测评 【答案】emotional 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：通过孟姜女千里迢迢为修筑长城的丈夫送冬衣、却得知他已死去的传说，这一习俗获得了情感上的深度。空格处需用形容词，名词 emotion 加相应后缀构成形容词 emotional。故填 emotional。 8. This year, exports rose 8%, with ________ (year) exports over 80 million yuan. 【出处】山东省九五高中协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期12月质量检测 【答案】yearly 【解析】考查名词变形容词。句意：今年出口增长了8%，年度出口额超过8000万元。空格处需用形容词，名词 year 加相应后缀构成形容词 yearly。故填 yearly。 9. Overfishing continues to ________ (danger) many marine species in the ocean. 【答案】endanger 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：过度捕捞仍在危及海洋中的许多物种。空格前为 continues to，后接动词原形。提示词 danger 为名词，意为“危险”，加前缀 en- 构成动词 endanger，意为“危及、危害”。故填 endanger。 10. You should ________ (apology) to your friend if you hurt his feelings by mistake. 【答案】apologize 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：如果你无意中伤害了朋友的感情，就应该向他道歉。空格前为情态动词 should，后接动词原形。提示词 apology 为名词，意为“道歉”，去 y 加 -ize 构成动词 apologize，意为“道歉”。故填 apologize。 11. People always ________ (sympathy) with those who face unexpected difficulties in life. 【答案】sympathize 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：人们总是同情那些在生活中遭遇意外困难的人。空格处作谓语，主语 People 为复数，由 always 可知用一般现在时，故填动词原形。提示词 sympathy 为名词，意为“同情”，其动词形式为 sympathize，意为“同情”。故填 sympathize。 12. We need to ________ (strength) our team spirit through regular group activities. 【答案】strengthen 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：我们需要通过定期的团体活动来增强团队精神。空格前为 need to，后接动词原形。提示词 strength 为名词，意为“力量”，加后缀 -en 构成动词 strengthen，意为“加强、增强”。故填 strengthen。 13. The company plans to ________ (length) the product warranty to attract more buyers. 【答案】lengthen 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：该公司计划延长产品保修期，以吸引更多买家。空格前为 plan to，后接动词原形。提示词 length 为名词，意为“长度”，加后缀 -en 构成动词 lengthen，意为“延长、加长”。故填 lengthen。 14. Teachers often ________ (courage) students to ask questions during class. 【答案】encourage 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：老师们经常鼓励学生在课堂上提问。空格处作谓语，主语 Teachers 为复数，由 often 可知用一般现在时，故填动词原形。提示词 courage 为名词，意为“勇气”，加前缀 en- 构成动词 encourage，意为“鼓励”。故填 encourage。 15. Grasp the detailed information of the listening material and be able to ___________ (summary) the main idea. 【答案】summarize 【解析】考查名词变动词。be able to后接动词原形，空格处需要动词。提示词summary为名词，意为"总结"，其动词形式为summarize，意为"概括、总结"。句意：掌握听力材料的详细信息，并能够概括大意。故填summarize。 16. She had to ___________ (choice) between giving up her job and hiring a babysitter. 【答案】choose 【解析】考查名词变动词。have to后接动词原形，空格处需要动词。提示词choice为名词，意为"选择"，其动词形式为choose，意为"选择"。句意：她不得不在放弃工作和雇保姆之间做出选择。故填choose。 17. The doctor told him to take deep breaths and ___________ (breath) slowly to calm himself down. 【答案】breathe 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：医生告诉他做深呼吸，并慢慢呼吸以平复情绪。空格处与take并列，由and连接，需要动词原形。提示词breath为名词，意为"呼吸"，其动词形式为breathe，意为"呼吸"。故填breathe。 18. He would rather ___________ (loss) everything than give up his dream. 【答案】lose 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：他宁愿失去一切，也不愿放弃自己的梦想。would rather后接动词原形，空格处需要动词。提示词loss为名词，意为"损失"，其动词形式为lose，意为"失去"。故填lose。 19. In addition, planting trees helps improve and ________ (beauty) the environment. 【答案】beautify 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：此外，植树有助于改善并美化环境。空格处与 improve 并列，用于 help do sth. 结构，需用动词原形。提示词 beauty 为名词，意为“美”，加后缀 -ify 构成动词 beautify，意为“美化”。故填 beautify。 20. The tour guide will ___________ (advice) visitors on the best routes to explore the ancient town during the holiday. 【答案】advise 【解析】考查名词变动词。句意：导游将在假期为游客建议探索这座古镇的最佳路线。will后接动词原形。提示词advice为名词，意为"建议"，其动词形式为advise，意为"建议、劝告"。故填advise。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $