Unit 5 Revealing Nature-【新课程能力培养】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册学习手册（外研版）

N 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） Unit 5 Revealing nature Section I Starting out 学习目标 1.通过阅读杂志页，了解三种稀有动物的基本信息，积累关于动物的词汇。 2.通过视频，了解植物种子的传播过程。 必备 单词 reveal seed encounter judge indicate 知识 短语 evolve in date back to 关键能力 听、说 ries it away to grow somewhere else.Its hard 精听练习 shell (allows it to 10. 完成教材Activity2后，完成以下细节 on the water for a long time.Another way for 填空练习。 seeds to travel is through the digestive(消化) How Seeds Travel systems of animals.Many plants produce Plants cannot move from place to place,but 11. that animals like to eat. seeds can.They can travel 1. The animal receives the nutrients(营养)of They may be carried by the 2. the fruit,but it does not digest the 12. or upon the 3. They ， which is passed out some time la- may also be carried by animals or people.:ter.Of course,animals move,so the seed can Seeds that are carried by the wind often have easily end up a long way away from 13. 4. .Maple(枫树)seeds especially if the fruit is eaten by have wings that spin(旋转)and keep them a bird. in the air for longer,allowing them 5. In fact,seeds have a better chance in all kinds of places.Depending on 14. when they are further the 6. of the wind,they can away from their parent plant.Growing too sometimes travel for 7. close to the parent plant means seeds might Coconuts (are carried along by not get enough sun,water and nutrients from 8. When a coconut falls the 15. Also,a species is from a tree onto the beach,the 9. more likely to 16. if its picks it up at high tide (and car-:members are more 17. 64)学 Unit 5 Revealing nature That's why nature has come up with all sorts 酱来保存水果。 of different ways for seeds to travel. a preserved platypus body一具经过保存 18. seeds travel are just 处理的鸭嘴兽尸体 some examples of the wonderful ways in (3)维持：保持（某种状态、状况等） which nature works.Perhaps we can learn We need to preserve the balance of na- something from the natural world by branch- ture.我们需要维持自然的平衡。 ing out and exploring the 19 拓展：preserve,.reserve,conserve和maintain of nature. preserve:侧重保持原有的状态等，防 止其受到破坏或损失。既可以用于具体的事 文化趣谈 物，如文物、食物等；也可用于抽象的概 1.科莫多龙是世界上最大的蜥蜴，它可：念，如传统、风俗、环境等。 以长到3米长，重约135千克。尽管它体型 reserve:主要表示预留、预订，以备将 巨大，仍可以每小时20千米的速度短距离 来使用，可指预订座位、房间等。此外，它 奔跑。 还能表示保留某种权利、意见等。作为名词， 2.鸭嘴兽是一种小型产卵哺乳动物（长 是“自然保护区”的意思。 达60厘米)，仅在包括塔斯马尼亚岛在内的 conserve:着重于合理使用、节约资源， 澳大利亚东部被发现。顾名思义，它的嘴看 避免浪费，以确保资源的可持续性。常用于 起来像鸭嘴，而它厚实的皮毛和扁平的尾巴 保护自然资源、能源、体力等。 则类似于海狸。 maintain:意为“维持；保持；维修”， 3.作为世界上最古老的海洋动物之一， 强调持续地保持某种状态、水平、关系等， 鹦鹉螺在大约5亿年内几乎没有变化，这就： 使其不下降、不中断，也可表示对设备、建 是它经常被称为“活化石”的原因。 筑物等进行保养和维修。 写牛刀小试 重点知识 DWe should do our best to the cul- 1.preserve tural heritage for future generations. preserve作动词时，常见用法如下： ②I'd like to a double-room for next (1)保护；维护；保存 weekend. We should preserve the environment for 3The mechanic is skilled at all kinds future generations.我们应该为后代保护 of cars. 环境。 ④We should all try to energy by (2)腌制；保存（食物等） turning off lights when not in use. My grandmother used to preserve fruits 5The government has set up a special area to by making jam.我祖母过去常通过做果 the endangered species. 学 65 N 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） ⑥You'd better some of your strength ⑨This area is a nature to protect the for the last part of the race. local ecosystem. ⑦It's important to a healthy lifestyle 2.date back to追湖到；始于 by exercising regularly and eating a ba- 拓展：date back to-=date from没有被动语态 lanced diet. out of date过时的；缺乏新信息的；陈腐的 8It is our responsibility to the earth's up to date最新的；时髦的；拥有（或包含） resources for future generations. :最新信息的 66)学 Unit 5 Revealing nature SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 学习目标 1.通过精读，感知叙述类文本的结构及语言特点，并按照事件发展顺序梳理达尔文的发现之旅。 2.学习和掌握与话题相关的词汇，并能运用所学词汇进行交流。 distant evolve disgrace geologist sample suspect ancestor generate characteristic 必备 单词 decline blame 知识 短语 answer the call be a disgrace lead to 关键能力 读 了著名生物学家Charles Darwin的发现之 文脉梳理 旅，以及他基于此次旅行写成的《物种起 A Journey of Discovery的语篇类型为记 源》一书。 叙文。课文以时间及行程路线为线索，介绍 A Journey of Discovery Darwin answered the call of the Captain of the Beagle and started his Start of the journey Para.1 journey of 1. Darwin,who was fascinated by rocks,plants and animals,began his adventures on the ship of the Beagle in 1831. Para.2 After he studied 2. in South America,he raised the Raise a question question:how did different species 3. 7 Darwin noticed that some species of animals were very 4. Para.3 so he had an idea that maybe animals 5. as they adapted to Generate an idea During the journey their changing environment. Para.4 At the Galapagos Islands,he noticed that birds on each island was Find new evidence different.It seemed 6. Para.5 Darwin suspected the finches had evolved from 7. Over Develop ideas time,it evolved into 8. Para.6 He explained his theory in his book,9.,which was so After the journey Propose a theory 10. that more and more people started to believe it. The book is regarded as one of the most important works ever written,which started Evaluation with the journey on the Beagle. 品鉴语言 A Journey of Discovery The captain of the ship,the Beagle,wanted 在完成汉译英的过程中，体验和感悟文 someone who would "profit by the opportunity 章中语言表达的准确、生动与细腻。 of visiting distant countries yet little known". The person who 1. (来应聘)was 学 (67 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） not the captain's first choice.It was a young that interested him the most.Darwin noticed man who had left medical school without that there was a difference between the finches completing his degree.What's more,he had on each of the islands.13. (似乎它 recently received a letter from his father 们的喙已经得到进化)according to what predicting that he would be "2. food was available on that particular island. (自己和家人的羞耻)”.3. (尽管 Darwin suspected that the finches had 如此)，his adventures on this ship would evolved 14. (来自同一个祖先)， 4 (引领有史以来最重要的一项科 which had arrived on the islands a long time 学发现) before.15. (随着时间推移)，it had 5. (受质疑的年轻人)，Charles slowly evolved into many new species.And Darwin,was a geologist and naturalist,6. 、 that was the answer to how new species of (着迷于岩石和动植物).He left plants and animals came to exist:16. England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.The (它们从早期的祖先进化来的). journey gave him the chance to study various It was a completely new idea-17. living things in their natural environments. (进化论).Darwin explained this theory After Darwin had spent some time in South in his book.18 (《物种起源》). America,his room on the ship 7. 19. (这本书直到1859年才出版) (装满了样品)of the plants and animals he and immediately 20. (引起轰动). had collected.As he studied these,he asked Many people refused to believe that living himself the question:how did different things,including humans,21. (从 species 8. (产生)？ 更低级生物进化来的).They were shocked. At that time,people believed that all But Darwin's scientific studies were 22. species had appeared on Earth at the same (如此有说服力)that more and more time,and had not changed since.But Darwin people started to believe his theory. began to think differently.He noticed that Today,On the Origin of Species 23. some species of animals 9. (彼此 (被认为是迄今为止世界上最重要的著 间很相似).Maybe animals evolved as they 作之一).It has changed ideas about life on 10. (适应它们不断变化的环境)？ Earth forever.And it all began with the It was just an idea,but enough to 11. journey on the Beagle. (鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据). 重点知识 When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw 12. 1.profit v./n. (各种各样的新物种)，but it was the birds:(I).获益；得到好处；对…有用（或 68 学 Unit 5 Revealing nature 有益)》 phone.从电话里听起来，杰克非常冷淡和 profit from/by.因…而获利/受益 疏远。 profit sb.使某人获益 拓展：distance n.距离；远方 Two quarrel and a third profits by it. distantly ad.遥远地 蚌相争，渔翁得利。 at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远 Many local people believe the develop- in the distance在远方 ment will profit them.当地的许多人认 ：写牛刀小试 为，这项开发将对他们有利。 DShe was warned to keep her (2)n.利润；收益；赢利 distant)from John if she didn't want to a rise/an increase in profits收益的上升/ get hurt. 增长 2The sound of the cheering faded away a drop/.fall in profits收益的跌落/下降 the distance. make a profit赚取利润 3Jay had always tended to keep his girlfriends Because of the recent economic crisis, a distance investors suffer a huge drop in profits. 3.suspect v./n. 为最近的经济危机，投资者的收益大减。 (1).怀疑；感觉有问题；不信任 It will make the cinema owners happy if I suspected her motives in offering to more people go to the movies as they help.她主动要帮忙，我怀疑她的动机。 will make a bigger profit.如果更多的人 短语：suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑 去看电影，电影院的老板会很高兴，因 某人做了某事 为他们会赚更多的钱。 He was suspected of stealing the ring at 国牛刀小试 the party last night..他被怀疑在昨晚的 DShe donates 10%of Ailie Candy's 聚会上偷了戒指。 (profit)to Big Smiles. (2)n.嫌疑犯 2The local farmers will profit plant- If I find someone who looks like the ing fruit trees on the hills suspect,my immediate reaction will be to ③This company (利润下降)last tell the police..如果我发现某个人看上去 year. 像嫌疑犯，我的第一反应将会是报警。 2.distant ad.遥远的；远处的；久远的；疏拓展：suspicious adj.感觉可疑的；怀疑的 远的 be suspicious of对.…不信任 The train station was about20 kilometres:写牛刀小试 distant.火车站在大约20公里远的地方。 DSome people suspected him theft. Jack sounded very cold and distant on the 2The police suspected him of (take) 69 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） part in the jewel robbery. 然环境中各种生物的契机。在南美洲度过一 ③Why do you the information?你为 段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植 什么怀疑这则新闻的真实性？ 物样本。当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑 4.lead to把…带到；领到；（道路）通 问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？ 向；导致；使得出（观点） 当时，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现 His actions could lead to him losing his job. 在地球上的，并从此再无变化。但达尔文开始 他的行为会让他丢掉工作。 有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物种的 拓展：leading ad最重要的；一流的；领 动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变 先的 化的环境会逐渐进化？虽然这只是一个设想， leader n.领导者 但足以鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。 leadership n.领导力 1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯 lead to=result in=bring about=cause 群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物 in the lead领先 种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔 lead/ivea..life过着.…的生活 文注意到，在群岛中的每一个小岛上，雀鸟 牛刀小试 之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛 ①What led you (select)your major? 屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。 ②They were the lead.The finish line 达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同 was close. 的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来 到这片群岛，随着时间的推移，慢慢进化成 参考译文 许多新的种类。于是，关于动植物的新种类 发现之旅 是如何产生的这个问题就有了答案：它们是 贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船：从早期的祖先进化而来的。 员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜 这是一个全新的观，点—进化论。达尔 为人知的国度并从中受益”。然而来应聘的： 文在他的《物种起源》一书中对此进行了解 人并不是船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人：释。这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即 从医学院肄业，并且在他刚收到的家书中，：引起轰动。很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有 父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻：生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他 辱”。尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将：们对此感到震惊。然而，达尔文的科学研究很 带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现。 有说服力，越来越多的人开始接受他的理论。 我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和 如今，《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止 博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植：世界上最重要的著作之一。它彻底改变了人 物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年，他搭乘贝格类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始 尔号从英格兰启程。这趟旅程给了他研究自：于贝格尔号的探索之旅。 70 学 Unit 5 Revealing nature SectionⅢ Using language 1.进一步了解定语从句关系副词的用法，并在真实语境中运用。 学习目标 2.掌握并恰当地使用与动物相关的习语，了解英语常用习语的意思。 3.能听懂与动物有关的一般性话题，并能够恰当地运用功能表达展开辩论。 单词 idiom authority source found 必备 短语 hold your horses as busy as a bee kill two birds with one stone it's raining cats and dogs 知识 语法 关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句 关键能力 听、说 3.表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope,want, 重点语法 expect,think,mean,suppose,intend, 过去完成时的基本用法 plan等后接从句时，一般用过去完成时表 1.表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完 示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。 成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的： (1)I had intended to meet him at the airport, 过去”。 but I had an important meeting to attend. (1)Before we got to the train station,the train 我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要 had already left. 的会议要参加。 在我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离： (2)I had hoped to take a holiday this year but 开了。 I was not able to get away. (2)Before I could say“thank you”,he had run 我原打算今年去度假，可是我离不开。 away. 4.在句型hardly...when和no sooner.than中， 我还没来得及说“谢谢”，他就跑开了。 主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时， 2.表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过 表示“一…就…”。 去的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语：(I)Hardly had I left when it began to rain. by then,by the end of,by the time. 我刚离开就开始下雨了。 (1)By the end of last term,we had learnt 2,000 (2)No sooner had he sat down than the tele- English words. phone rang. 到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了 他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。 2000个英语单词。 基本结构：肯定句：主语+had+过去分词 (2)They had lived there for ten years by then. 否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词 到那时为止，他们已经在那里住了10： 一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词？ 年了。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词/词组+一般疑问句 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） (had+主语+过去分词)？ punished. 写牛刀小试 2.decline v./n. ①Until then he know) nothing (1).减少，下降，衰退，婉言拒绝，谢绝 about it. 短语：decline by..下降了…（后常接分 ②I remembered I (not tell)her the 数或百分数)》 truth yet. decline to..下降到…（后常接具体数字） 3Before he moved to the countryside,he decline in.在…方面衰弱/减少 (live)in town for ten years. decline to do sth.谢绝做某事 ④The bus (go)when I arrived at The number of tourists to the resort declined the bus stop. by 10%last year. ⑤By the time I. (be)8,I 去年到这个旅游胜地的游客人数减少了10%。 (already learn)to play the piano. The libraries are not declining in importance- people are simply changing the way to use 重点知识 them. 1.blame v./n. 图书馆的重要性并没有下降，人们只是改变 (1)u.把…归咎于，责怪，指责 了使用图书馆的方式。 短语：blame sb.for(doing)sth.因（做了） He declined to discuss his plan. 某事而责备某人 他拒绝讨论他的计划。 blame sth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人 (2)n.减少，下降，衰退 be to blame(for.)因某事应受责罚，为 短语：in declinez=on the decline在下降，正 …应承担责任 在衰退，走下坡路 Don't always blame your own failure on others. His interest in computer games is now in Sometimes you yourself are to blame. decline. 不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时候该 现在他对电脑游戏的兴趣在减退。 怪你自己。 写牛刀小试 (2)n.(坏事或错事的)责任，责备，指责 DWith all doctors'efforts,the total number of 短语：bear/take/accept/get the blame(for sth.) patients has been the decline.and (对某事)承担责任 now many mobile cabin hospitals(方舱医 写牛刀小试 院)have been shut down. DIt is common that nowadays some students 2Government spending this year is estimated put the blame their poor performance to decline approximately 2%. in study their low IQ. 话题词块 2His admission that he was (blame) for the accident kept the others from being 世界上有各种各样的生物存在，可能某 12 Unit 5 Revealing nature 一区域当中就存在不同的生物种类，造就了：中，不同生物的独特性。 当地的生物多样性。请写明下列同一区域 The largest animal blue whale:1. The smallest animal water bear:2. Biodiversity the Giant Tortoise:3. The Galapagos Island mangroves:4. iguanas:5. are used to build houses.By the way, 精听练习 most microorganisms are single-celled. 完成教材Activity7&8后，完成以下 This means that they 7. 细节填空练习。 just one cell. Jenny:Hello,and welcome to Science Under Josh:How strange! the Microscope,a science programme Jenny:Actually,we're the ones who are unusual. for 1. I'm Jenny. The vast majority of life on this planet Josh:And I'm Josh. is made up of 8. Jenny:This week,as part of our series on They're everywhere!In the air,in 3 _we are discussing water,there are even microorganisms... microorganisms(微生物).They are inside you.I'm talking about bacteria the oldest form of life on Earth.Scien- (细菌).Have you heard of bacteria, tists believe they first emerged(出现) Josh? around 3. years ago! Josh:I have,Jenny.But bacteria,inside me? Josh:That's incredible! Yuck！ Jenny:But you can only see them with a Jenny:[laughs That's right.You have lots 4 as these living of them living in your body.In fact,an things are very very small.We're talking 9. human body about life at the level of the 5. contains about 10. Do you know about cells, human cells,and 11. Josh? bacteria cells. Josh:Erm...I'm afraid not.What exactly is a Josh: Seriously?Oh,this is making my cell? stomach 12. Jenny:Every living thing is made up of cells. Jenny:Speaking of which,most of the bacteria They are like 6. that in your body help with 13. 学 73 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） And they help make the food 位于太平洋厄瓜多尔西海岸约1000km处， that goes into your stomach,too. 是分布在西半球中心周围、太平洋赤道两侧 Without bacteria,we wouldn't be able 的火山群岛，为厄瓜多尔岛屿地区的一个 to make cheese,yogurt,vinegar... 省。由13个主岛、6个小岛和100多个岛礁 Josh:Really?I didn't know that! 组成，总面积为8010km。群岛处于三大 Jenny:Oh,and bacteria are also useful at the:洋流交汇处，属亚热带气候。该群岛是500 other end of 14. 万年前海底火山构造活动的结果，是世界上 They have an important role dealing 最活跃的火山群之一。大多数岛屿都是火山 with 15. and that of;顶峰。 16. 加拉帕戈斯群岛被认为是生物多样性热 Josh:Euw！You mean what goes down the;点地区，拥有数千种特有植物和动物物种， toilet? 如加拉帕戈斯巨龟(the Giant Tortoise)、藏 Jenny:Yes.Bacteria 17. this 蜥(iguanas)等，这里也是世界上最大的海 waste and other dead,organic matter, 鸟栖息地之一。 like fallen leaves,into nutrients(养料). 1535年，巴拿马主教发现该群岛，三百 Josh:Oh I get it.And these nutrients go back 年后，在1835年，查尔斯·达尔文首次访 into the 18. where 问，对其生物多样性的观察研究为进化论提 they can be used by plants! 供了重要灵感。 Jenny:That's it exactly. 1978年，加拉帕戈斯群岛被联合国教 Josh:All right.Although some of the bacteria 科文组织宣布为人类自然遗产，1986年被 may cause 19. in 宣布为生物圈保护区，是地球上第二大海洋 humans,plants and animals,they aren't 保护区。厄瓜多尔政府采取了限制游客数 all bad... 量、加强监管等措施来保护群岛的生态环境 和生物。 文化趣谈 加拉帕戈斯群岛(the Galapagos Islands) (74)学 Unit 5 Revealing nature Section IV Developing ideas 学习目标 读懂课文，准确把握课文结构，厘清观察日志的写作脉络。 单词 myth legend detect pesticide root link 必备 知识 短语 communicate with be said to it appears that..drive away get attacked be similar to be linked by 关键能力 读 文脉梳理 4.What's the most surprising thing for plants? The Secret Language of Plants的语篇类 型为说明文，文章具体介绍了自然界中不同 植物之间的交流方法，帮助学生通过了解神 奇的自然增长知识，进一步产生对自然的好 5.How can a chilli plant tell if its neighbouring 奇心。文章主要通过三个方面介绍植物之间 plants are helpful? 是如何交流的：通过释放化学物质、通过利 用声音以及通过植物间的特殊的万维网。 结合文章内容，回答以下问题。 1.What do the plants use to communicate with 6.Why "wood wide web"is similar to the each other according to the text? Internet we use? 2.What can a bean plant do when it is attacked 重点知识 by insects? 1.release n.&v. release是常用词，无论是作为名词还是 动词，主要有以下几层含义，大都与let go 3.Why do we have so many legends and stories 有关： about talking trees? (1)排放，释放：表示将人、物等从束缚、 监禁、控制等状态中解放出来。 release the prisoner释放犯人 学 75 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） release the bird into the wild放鸟归野 拓展：detect sb.in doing sth.发现某人正在 the release of carbon dioxide into the 做某事（坏事） atmosphere二氧化碳向大气层的排放 detective n.侦探 (2)发布，发行：用于指发布消息、报告、 detection n,侦查，发现，发觉 新产品、电影、音乐作品等。 写牛刀小试 release a movie/book/CD/new products ①He was detected in (cheat)in the 行电影/书/激光唱片/新产品 exam. The new software is planned for release ②The (detect)was trying to winkle in April.新软件计划四月份发行。 information out of her. (3)放开，松开：表示不再握住或控制某物。 ③Last year the (detect)rate for car release the handbrake/switch,.etc.松开手 theft was just 13%. 闸、开关等 3.link y./n. Press the release to open the door..按下 (1).把…连接起来；联系 开关打开门。 短语：be linked with/to.同…联系起来， (4)宣泄，抒发：指释放情感、压力等。 连接起来：与…有关 She released her anger by shouting.她通 link up(with sb./sth.)(与某人/某物)连接 过大喊来宣泄愤怒。 起来，联系起来 a sense of release after the exam考试后 A long bridge links Venice and the mainland. 的解脱感 一座长桥把威尼斯和大陆连接了起来。 写牛刀小试 Yellow is linked with confidence,self-respect 试着把下面的短语翻译成汉语。 and friendliness. ①release pressure 黄色与自信、自尊和友好相关。 ②release data (2)n.联系，关系，纽带 ③release chemicals. Is there a link between smoking and lung ④release an animal disease? ⑤release water 吸烟和肺病之间有联系吗？ ⑥release sorrow 运牛刀小试 2.detect v.发现，察觉（尤指不易察觉到的 DI can hardly link the small animal 事物)》 the accident. The dentist could detect no decay in her teeth. 2The two spacecraft will one another 牙科医生检查了她的牙，没有发现龋齿。 in orbit The tests are designed to detect the disease ③The two cities by a railway. early.这些检查旨在早期发现疾病。 76 Unit 5 Revealing nature 其中一些能驱赶昆虫，而另一些则会吸引另 文化趣谈 一种昆虫—黄蜂！黄蜂会杀死那些啃食豆 木薯根部会向土壤中释放出一系列液态 类植物的昆虫。科学家希望能进一步了解这 和气态的氰化物，邻近的花生感知到这些物 种植物警报系统，从而将其应用于不使用农 质后，会相应释放出气态分子乙烯。在乙烯：药的农作物的种植。 影响下，花生植株会主动缩减地上部分的繁 更不可思议的是，植物也能用声音交 茂程度，优先保证果实的养分供给。同时，：流。虽然人类听不到，但植物确实正在发出 乙烯还能作为“召集信号”，聚集土壤中的声音。有些植物通过根部发出声响，比如玉 有益微生物到花生根部，提高氨、磷等有效：米和辣椒。它们还能“听见”其他植物发出 养分的吸收率，以进一步提高花生果实的饱 的声响。由此，辣椒可以知道它附近的植物 满程度和产量。 是敌是友。还有些树木在水分不足时会发出 咔嗒声，以预示干旱就要来了。 参考译文 然而最令人惊奇的是，植物拥有一套神 植物密语 奇的信息交流系统，几乎可以连接起森林中 会说话的植物一直是神话传说中的一大所有的植物。科学家们称之为“植物万维 元素。在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里，：网”。在某种程度上，它很像人类使用的互 会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。据说亚历：联网。互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球 山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过一棵会：计算机网络，而植物万维网则是在地下通过 说话的树。在一些现代故事一例如电影：真菌连接而成的。这个真菌网络将不同植物 《阿凡达》一中，树可以与人类和动物沟的根彼此连接，通过它，植物可以互相分享 通交流。 信息甚至是食物。比如，某些松树会通过真 我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻：菌网络向松树幼苗输送养分，帮助它们生 想之中，但最新研究有了令人惊奇的发现：：长。但是，像互联网一样，植物万维网也会 植物间似乎可以交流。 发生“网络犯罪”。植物会偷取同伴的养分， 人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质进： 或散播有毒物质攻击其他植物。也许未来某 行交流。当一株植物，比如豆科植物，被昆：一天，科学家会研究出建造“防火墙”的方 虫袭击时，就会发生这种情况。正遭受啃食：法来阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。 的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质，这像是警 科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟 示，抑或求救：“我被攻击了！”当另一株：通的秘密方式的了解。谁知道呢？说不定哪 豆类植物察觉到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物：一天，我们就能足够了解植物沟通的知识， 质时，它自身便开始释放不同的化学物质，：从而亲自和植物“聊天”了。 学 N 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） Section V Presenting ideas 学习目标 1.了解水仙花的生长过程，梳理日志中的主要信息。 2.能够掌握并恰当地使用本单元所学，学会记录和描述植物的生长过程。 必备 单词 centimetre prevent contain 知识 短语 as time goes on grow into come out 关键能力 写 after being planted.Water has been added 例文鉴赏 regularly and the hard seed coat softens in the 完成Activity5中的三个问题，提炼并：damp soil to allow the first root to pierce 概述水仙花的栽培方式、生长环境以及开放 downwards and the first leaves to push to the 状态和样子。 soil surface. 6 July Way to plant The root continues to grow downwards. The single stem grows hollow and smooth, Living environment revealing large spade-shaped leaves from the The appearance growing tip.Gradually,the plant's growing tip reveals the first hints of development of the 参考范文 flower bud.The plant stem becomes more woody. 对照Activity6,根据提供的内容和结构 26 July 框架，进行知识和思维能力的迁移，能够掌 About three weeks after the flower bud 握完成关于某种植物生长过程的描写。 first becomes visible at the tip of the An Observational Journal sunflower stem,it enlarges and begins to about the Sunflower reveal a flattened disc.Over the course of one 1 June week,the yellow ray florets,the disc florets Covered with 1-2 cm of moist soil,the bloom across the core of the sunflower sunflower seed takes a few days to come up blossom.It is yellow,looking beautiful. 78)学5.width 6.bull 7.wounded 8.debates 9.define 10.interpret 11.tragedy 12.anger 13.grey 14.social issues 15.simple and lively 16.cartoon 17.Japanese 18.wire fence 19.grass leaves 20.contrast 21.opti- mistic 22.temporary 23.encouragement 24.his hope for peace 25.belief Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.technology 2.separate 3.combination 4.ac cessible 5.digital 6.concepts 7.creation 8.videos 9.its overall quality 10.art 11.less distinct 12.artist 13.creator 14.technology 15.expect the unexpected Unit 5 Reve Section I Starting out 精听练习 1.great distances 2.wind 3.water 4.special shapes 5.to land 6.strength 7.hundreds of kilometres 8.ocean currents 9.sea 10.float 11.fleshy fruits 12.seed 13.the parent plant 14.at life 15.soil 16.survive 17.widely spread 18.How and why 19.various wonders 重点知识 L.①preserve②reserve③maintaining④conserve ⑤preserve (⑥reserve⑦maintain⑧conserve ⑨reserve Section ll Understanding ideas 文脉梳理 1.discovery 2.samples 3.come to exist 4.simi- lar 5.evolve 6.their beaks had evolved according to the food available 7.a common ancestor 8.many new species 9.On the Origin of Species 10.convincing 品鉴语言 1.answered the call 2.a disgrace to yourself and all your family 3.Despite all this 4.lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time 5.The young man in question 6.fascinated by rocks,plants and animals 7.was crowded with samples 8.come to exist 9.were very similar to each other 10.adapted to their changing environments 11.inspire Darwin to look for more evidence 12.a variety of new species 13.It seemed their beaks had evolved 14.from a common an- cestor 15.Over time 16.they evolved from earlier an- cestors 17.a theory of evolution 18.On the Origin of Species 19.It was not published until 1859 20.caused a storm 21.had evolved from lower forms of life 22.so convincing 23.is regarded as one of the most important works ever written 重点知识 L.①profits②from/by③fell in profit 参考答案。 重点知识 1.①进步②提前的③前进 2.①报纸不公正地将其归类为麻烦制造者。 ②is labelled as 3.①have access to②他们因向年轻观众提供易于 欣赏的剧目而享有盛名。 Section V Presenting ideas 例文鉴赏 Para.1:Issue the invitation and provide the general in- formation-the topic,time,place. Para.2:Provide the detailed information. Para.3:Convey sincere hope and invitation. ealing nature 2.①distance②in③at 3.①of②taking③suspect the truth of 4.①to select②in Section lll Using language 重点语法 ①had known②hadn't told③had lived④had gone 5was;had already learnt 重点知识 1.①for;on②to blame 2.①on②by 话题词块 1.The largest animal species so far found on our pla- net is the blue whale,which can grow up to almost 30 me- tres in length and weigh over 130,000 kilos. 2.The toughest species is probably the water bear. This tiny organism can survive temperatures from 150C to a below freezing-272C. 3.The Giant Tortoise Reserve on Santa Cruz is home to several species of giant tortoise. 4.Mangroves are one of the coastal plants which serve as the habitats for various birds and fish. 5.Iguanas can be found on San Cristobal.They have developed from more primitive ones and share a common appearance. 精听练习 1.teens 2.biodiversity 3.three and a half billion 4.microscope 5.cell 6.bricks 7.consist of 8.single- celled microorganisms 9.average 10.thirty trillion 11.around thirty-nine trillion 12.turn 13.digestion 14.the food production process 15.your waste 16.other orga-nisms 17.break down 18.soil 19.diseases Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.They use their chemicals to communicate with each other. 2.It releases chemicals to drive the insects away. 3.Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. 85 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）】 4.They can link nearly every plant in a forest 5.By sounds. 6.Because it is linked together. 重点知识 1.①释放压力②公布数据③释放化学物质 ④放归一只动物⑤放水⑥宣泄悲伤 2.①cheating②detective③detection 3.①with/to②link up with ③will be linked Section V Presenting ideas 例文鉴赏 1.covered with 1-2 cm of moist soil Way to plant 2.water regularly 3.soften the hard seed coat in the damp soil Unit 6 Nurt Section I Starting out 精听练习 1.future generations 2.maintained 3.cultural or natural 4.agreement 5.cultural 6.natural 7.mixed 8.more than eight hundred 9.its pyramids 10.puzzling sculpture 11.lion 12.man 13.the Seven Wonders 14.existence 15.natural beauty 16.habitats for endan- gered species 17.less than one percent 18.unfrozen fresh water 19.many unusual life forms 20.great scien- tific 21.over thirty 22.sources of inspiration 23.hu- man activity 24.climate change 25.awareness 26.appreciation 27.protect them 28.pass them on Section ll Understanding ideas 文脉梳理 1.the Qinghai-Xizang Railway 2.the delicate ecosys- tem 3.engineering challenges 4.wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes 5.passages 6.wetlands and grasslands 7.wetland 8.the thin air 9.changeable weather 10.the high level of UV radiation 11.construction waste 12.sandbags 品鉴语言 1.Sitting back in my seat 2.playing inside my head 3.massive dragons are winding among the mountains 4.particularly vivid 5.roof of the world 6.work on 7.overcome the most difficult engineering challenges 8.the delicate ecosystem 9.among the top concerns 10.catch my eye 11.at their leisure 12.in their natural habitat 13.we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour 14.To prevent damage to wetlands and grass- lands 15.a total length of about 16.distinct ecosystem 17.sea level 18.the thin air 19.changeable weather 20.UV radiation 21.regular breaks 22.I feel a sense of pride and achievement 23.thousands and thousands 24.construction waste 25.I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface 26.bring the scenery to 86 续表 The single stem grows hollow and smooth, Living environ- revealing large spade-shaped leaves from ment the growing tip. 1.Three weeks after first becomes visi- The appearance ble,it enlarges and begins to reveal. 2.Then the yellow ray florets and the disc florets bloom. uring nature life 27.has been attracting people's admiration 28.thanks to our efforts 29.these magical landscapes 30.extraor- dinary 重点知识 2.1catch one's eye/attention draw/attract one's attention 2keep an eye on the kids 3.①reached(out)for②reach out to us Section lll Using language 重点语法 ①have been taking②has been working③have seen④has worked 重点知识 1.Dshocked and disturbed me/made me shocked and disturbed②disturbing③disturbed 精听练习 1.caught 2.natural place 3.conserve it 4.harm 5.positive 6.fantastic 7.hike in the mountains 8.plant trees 9.count 10.ecotourism 11.relaxing 12.sleep in the treehouse 13.feed 14.wash 15.play with 16.an ice hotel 17.lie on the beach 18.one-day bike tour 19.deal Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.duties/responsibilities/requirements 2.benefits 3.meaning/significance 4.introduction 5.get the job 6.an island caretaker 7.effect/influence 重点知识 2.①promote cooperation between②has been pro moted 3.①do me a favour②in favour of③favourable Section V Presenting ideas 例文鉴赏 1.The job will last for four months. 2.The responsibilities of the job are to monitor the area for algae,work on ships removing algae from water. 3.It provides accommodation and meals and the app- licant can negotiate the salary with the employer.