Unit 1 Friendship 重点归纳知识清单2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语Unit 1 Friendship知识清单系统梳理了单元核心内容，涵盖重点词汇、词缀规则、核心短语及形容词比较级语法，构建了从基础词汇解析到词缀构词法，再到短语应用和语法规律总结的递进式学习支架。 清单通过模块分类（Welcome to the unit、Reading等）和分级标注（Point重点、典例应用）呈现知识体系，如词缀学习表归纳-ship/-ful等后缀规则培养学习能力，形容词比较级考向分析（规则/不规则变化、用法对比）提升思维品质。特别设计语境串记（如humor系列词）和中考典例（如honest填空题），帮助学生高效掌握语言知识，教师可据此精准设计教学，助力学生自主复习与能力提升。

Unit 1 Friendship 重点归纳 Welcome to the unit 重点归纳 1. friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊 (教材P6) Point friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊 讲 由“friend n.朋友 +‑ship(名词后缀)”构成。 They formed a deep and lasting friendship.他们建立了深厚持久的友谊。 词缀学习 名词后缀‑ship通常表示“状态；性质；地位；资格；职位”等，常见的以其结尾的词有：hardship艰难；困苦；relationship关系；ownership所有权；membership会员资格。 2. honest 诚实的 (教材P7) Point honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj.诚实的，正直的 讲 其发音以元音音素开头，其前有不定冠词时，应用an。在句中可作定语或表语。 to be honest 说实在的，老实说 be honest with sb 对某人是诚实的 To be honest, he is an honest and hard‑working boy.老实说，他是一个诚实且勤奋的男孩。(作定语) Be honest and never cheat others.要诚实，永远不要欺骗他人。(作表语) 拓 honest的相关词： > 典例1 > 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 > You've told me the truth.Thank you for being so h___ with me. > 解析:根据题干中的"told me the truth"可知，此处是说"谢谢你对我如此坦诚"。honest"诚实的"符合语境，故填honest。 3. cheerful 乐观的 (教材P7) Point cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/ adj.快乐的；乐观的 讲 由"cheer(n.欢呼，喝彩)+‑ful(形容词后缀)"构成，其副词形式为cheerfully。 She is always cheerful and active.她总是很高兴、活跃。 词缀学习 ‑ful为形容词后缀，意为"充满……的；有……性质(或倾向)的"。 colour (n.颜色)→colourful(adj.色彩丰富的) use(n.用途)→useful(adj.有用的) help(n.帮助)→helpful(adj.有帮助的) success(n.成功)→successful(adj.成功的) 4. humorous 幽默的 (教材P7) Point humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ adj.幽默的 讲 由"humor(n.幽默)+‑ous(形容词后缀)"构成，在句中可作表语或定语。 Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us laugh.我们的英语老师很幽默，他经常给我们讲有趣的笑话逗我们笑。(2025绥化中考)(作表语) Most teenagers like humorous TV shows.大多数青少年喜欢幽默的电视节目。(呼和浩特中考)(作定语) 拓 humor的相关词： humor n.幽默 humorous adj.幽默的 humorless adj.无幽默感的 humorist n.诙谐风趣的人 语境串记 Our teacher is a humorist. He has a good sense of humor. He always tells us humorous stories,but today's story is humorless.我们的老师是一个诙谐风趣的人。他很有幽默感。他总是给我们讲幽默故事，但是今天的故事不幽默。 5. caring 关心他人的 (教材P7) Point caring /ˈkeərɪŋ/ adj.关心他人的，体贴人的 讲 由"care(v.关心)去e+‑ing"构成。 Mrs White said that Mr White was a caring husband.怀特太太说怀特先生是一位体贴的丈夫。 He's a very caring person.他是个非常体贴别人的人。 6. Tell the truth 说实话 (教材P7) Point truth /truːθ/ n.事实 讲 其前通常加the。 to tell(you)the truth(承认某事)说实话，老实说 find out the truth 弄清真相 To tell the truth,I don't want to go to the party.说实话，我不想去参加那个聚会。 They'll find out the truth,whether or not you tell it to them.不管你是否告诉他们真相，他们都会查明白的。 The truth will out.真相终将大白于天下。/纸包不住火。 拓 true的相关词： > 典例2 > 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 > (宜宾中考)Please tell me the t___. Don't lie to me again. > 答案:truth 7. Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh 擅长讲笑话逗你笑 (教材P7) Point1 joke /dʒəʊk/ n.笑话，玩笑 讲 [可数名词]常用短语： tell a joke/jokes 讲笑话 play a joke/jokes on sb 开某人的玩笑 Jim is a funny boy.He is good at telling jokes.吉姆是个有趣的男孩。他擅长讲笑话。 We played a joke on John just now.我们刚才和约翰开了个玩笑。 陌【动词】开玩笑 同义词为kid。 Are you joking/kidding?你在开玩笑吗? Point2 laugh /lɑːf/ vi.&vt.笑，发笑 讲 laugh at 嘲笑 When they make dumplings, they talk and laugh.他们包饺子时有说有笑。 We shouldn't laugh at others when they are in trouble.当别人陷入困境时，我们不应该嘲笑他们。 拓【名词】笑声 Her laugh sounds like beautiful music.她的笑声听起来像美妙的音乐。 8. They don't lie to you, so you can trust them.他们不会对你撒谎，所以你可以信任他们。(教材P7) Point lie /laɪ/ vi.撒谎 过去式:lied 现在分词:lying lie to sb 对某人说谎 Don't lie to your teachers‑they will find out the truth sooner or later.不要向老师撒谎，他们迟早会发现真相。 拓 (1)【可数名词】谎言 tell a lie/lies 说谎，撒谎 a white lie 善意的谎言 My sister felt ashamed after telling a lie to our parents.我妹妹向父母说谎后感到很羞愧。 She told a white lie to make her grandma happy.她说了一个善意的谎言来让奶奶开心。 (2)【不及物动词】平躺；位于 过去式:lay 现在分词:lying There was a cat lying on the ground.有一只猫正躺在地上。 The town lies on the coast.这个小镇位于海滨。 Reading 重点归纳 1. She listens to me carefully and understands me quite well.她认真听我倾诉，而且很理解我。(教材P8) Point1 carefully /ˈkeəfəli/ adv.仔细地；小心地 She looked at the picture carefully.她仔细地看着那幅画。 care的相关词： care n.小心 → careful adj.仔细的 → carefully adv.仔细地 careless adj.粗心的 ↔ carefully反义词 carelessly adv.粗心的 语境串记 Nick is a careful boy and he does everything as carefully as he can. So when his parents are out,he can take care of himself very well.尼克是一个细心的男孩，他做任何事情都尽可能地仔细。因此，当他的父母外出时，他能把自己照顾得很好。 Point2 understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ vi.&vt.理解 过去式:understood It's important to understand something before remembering it.在记住某个事物之前，理解它很重要。(作及物动词) I'm sorry. I don't understand. Can you explain that again?对不起，我不明白。你能再解释一遍吗?(作不及物动词) understanding【名词】理解；领悟 We can have a better understanding of Chinese culture through Chinese folk art.我们可以通过中国民间艺术更好地了解中国文化。 2. She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down.当我情绪低落时，她知道如何让我振作起来。(教材P8) Point cheer up (使)振奋起来；(使)变得高兴 讲 是"动词+副词"型短语，可单独使用，也可接宾语。 cheer+名词+up = cheer up+名词 cheer+人称代词+up 只能放中间 Cheer up! I'm sure you'll feel better tomorrow. 单独使用，用于鼓励某人振作起来。振作起来!我确信你明天会好些的。 The music cheered Mary up.= The music cheered up Mary.音乐使玛丽振奋起来了。 Orange represents joy. It can cheer you up when you are feeling sad.橙色代表快乐。当你感到悲伤时，它能让你振作起来。(连云港中考) > > 典例1 根据中文提示完成句子。 > (云南中考)Liu Mei often works as a volunteer to ____ ____ the sick people in the hospital.(使振作起来) > 答案:cheer up 3. They make him look a little bit funny.这让他看起来有点儿滑稽。(教材P9) Point1 a little bit 有点儿 讲 用于修饰形容词或副词，与a bit和a little含义相同。 This movie is a little bit long,but very meaningful.这部电影有点长，但很有意义。 Please speak a little bit slowly.请说得稍微慢一点。 Point2 funny /ˈfʌni/ adj.好笑的 The film is funny.这部电影很有趣。(作表语) This is a funny story.这是一个好笑的故事。(作定语) 4. Max has a great sense of humour.马克斯很有幽默感。(教材P9) Point sense /sens/ n.理解力；感觉 讲 a sense of "……感"，of后的名词通常为抽象名词。 It's lively and brings me a sense of the joy of life.它充满生机，带给我一种生活的喜悦感。(2025扬州中考) His sense of humour is one of his most attractive qualities.他的幽默感是他最吸引人的品质之一。 拓【及物动词】感觉到；意识到 We can sense his sadness.我们可以感受到他的悲伤。 Lisa sensed that he did not believe her.莉萨意识到他不相信她。 5. You will never feel bored with him around.有他在身边，你永远不会觉得无聊。(教材P9) Point bored /bɔːd/ adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 讲 be/feel/get bored with 对……感到厌烦 ·高频 Robots don't get bored with things.机器人不会对事物感到厌倦。 Doing the boring housework makes me feel bored.做这些无聊的家务令我感到厌倦。 > > 典例2 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 > Lisa didn't like the speech. She felt ____ (bore) and wanted to leave the hall. > 答案:bored 6. Max is always full of energy.马克斯总是充满活力。(教材P9) Point energy n.精力；活力；干劲，作此义讲时为不可数名词 be full of energy 充满活力 have a lot of energy 精力充沛 I am always full of energy after jogging.慢跑之后我总是充满活力。 拓 energetic【形容词】精力充沛的 He feels that young people are more energetic.他认为年轻人精力更充沛。 语境串记 Energetic people always have a lot of energy.精力充沛的人总是有很多精力。 7. He stays active by doing sport and other club activities.他通过做运动和参加其他社团活动来保持活跃。(教材P9) Point active /ˈæktɪv/ adj.活跃的；积极的 讲 be active in 在……(方面)活跃 take an active part in 积极参加…… Most birds are active in the daytime.大多数鸟在白天很活跃。(连云港中考) She took an active part in school activities.她积极参加学校活动。 8. Sometimes I want to give up on difficult tasks, but he always tells me, "Keep trying. You can do it!"有时我想放弃困难的任务，但他总是跟我说:"继续试试吧。你能行的!"(教材P9) Point keep doing sth 继续做某事，一直做某事 讲 指一直处于某种状态或持续某个动作。 Keep working hard,and you will succeed.坚持努力工作，你会成功的。 拓 keep的常见用法还有: keep +adj. 保持…… keep sb/sth+adj. 让某人/某物…… keep sb/sth doing sth 让某人/某物一直做某事 Please keep quiet!请保持安静! Put on the coat.It can keep you warm.穿上外套，它能使你暖和。 Don't keep the tap running when you do the dishes.当你洗碗时，不要让水龙头一直开着流水。 9. I believe we will be best friends for life.我相信我们一辈子都会是最好的朋友。(教材P9) Point believe /bɪˈliːv/ vt.相信 讲 believe后常跟名词、代词或从句作宾语，一般不用于进行时态。 Carol couldn't believe her ears and almost fell off her chair.卡罗尔简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，差点从椅子上摔下来。(2025河南中考) He believes his success comes from a large amount of reading.他认为他的成功源自大量阅读。 Seeing is believing.眼见为实。/百闻不如一见。 辨 believe与believe in believe 表示相信某人的话、所说内容。 believe in 信任某人的人品；信仰。 We don't believe in her, so we don't believe what she says. 我们不信任她，所以我们不相信她说的话。 10. When I face difficult tasks and want to give up, he cheers me up and tells me to keep going.当我面对困难的任务想要放弃时，他会让我振作起来并告诉我要坚持下去。(教材P11) Point face /feɪs/ vt.面临；面对 be faced with sth 面临某事 face sb/sth 面对某人/某物 When we are faced with difficulties,we shouldn't give up.当我们面临困难时，不应该放弃。 We must face our mistakes bravely.我们必须勇敢地面对自己的错误。 11. I can tell her anything because she's great at keeping secrets.我可以告诉她任何事情，因为她很擅长保守秘密。(教材P11) Point keep secrets 保密 讲 secret在此处作可数名词，意为"秘密"。 A good friend always keeps secrets for you.好朋友总会为你保守秘密。 No one knows that.It's a secret.没有人知道那件事。那是个秘密。 拓 secret【形容词】秘密的 The cookies are made to a secret recipe.这些小甜饼是根据一个秘方做的。 12. worse更差的；worst最差的 (教材P12) Point1 worse /wɜːs/ adj.更差的，bad的比较级 讲 用于两者之间的比较，其前可用much、even、a little等修饰。 The weather today is worse than yesterday.今天的天气比昨天糟。 It was much worse than I thought.它比我想象的要糟得多。 拓【副词】worse还是副词badly的比较级，意为"更糟；更坏"。 This machine works worse than that one.这台机器比那台运转得更差。 Point2 worst /wɜːst/ adj.最差的，bad的最高级 讲 用于三者或三者以上的比较。 What's the worst thing that could happen?情况最坏会怎么样? 拓 worst的其他用法: (1)【副词】是副词badly的最高级，意为"最坏；最糟"。 worst of all 最糟糕的是 I sing the worst in my family.在我家我唱歌最差。 Worst of all,I left my homework at home.最糟糕的是，我把作业忘在家里了。 (2)【名词】the worst 最严重的事；最坏的部分 Hope for the best but prepare for the worst.抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。 Word power 重点归纳 However, Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips.然而，西蒙很友好，给了我许多有用的建议。(教材P14) Point however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv.然而 辨 however与but 两者均可意为"然而；不过"，表示转折，区别如下: He was feeling bad. He went to the club, however.他感觉不舒服，但他还是去社团了。 Jack plays football well, but I don't.杰克足球踢得很好，但我踢得不好。 Jack plays football well. However, I don't.杰克足球踢得很好。不过，我踢得不好。 > > 后缀‑ful 和‑less（教材P14） > ‑ful：full of 充满……的（形容词后缀） > ‑less：without 没有……的（形容词后缀） > 例：help → helpful(乐于助人的) / helpless(无助的)；cheer→cheerful/cheerless；sleep→sleepless 无眠的 --- Integration 重点归纳 1. They were very scared.他们非常害怕。(教材P15) Point scared /skeəd/ adj.害怕，恐惧 讲 be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 be scared of doing sth 害怕做某事 be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 be scared+(that)从句 害怕…… 这些结构中的scared均可换为afraid，但afraid可用于"I'm afraid so/not."，scared则不能。 He's scared of heights.他恐高。 Don't be scared of asking for help.不要害怕开口寻求帮助。 The little boy is scared to cross the road.这个小男孩害怕过马路。 I'm scared I'll lose the competition.我怕自己比赛会输。 辨 scare、scared与scary | 单词 | 词性 | 含义用法 | | scare | v.& n. | 使害怕；惊吓 | | scared | adj. | 形容**人的感受**，感到害怕 | | scary | adj. | 形容事物，事物本身令人恐怖吓人 | 语境串记 The scary spider gives the kids a scare, so they are scared to enter the room.那只吓人的蜘蛛吓了孩子们一跳，所以他们害怕进入那个房间。 2. He knew he couldn't fight the bear alone, so he lay down on the ground.他知道他不能独自与熊搏斗，因此他躺在了地上。(教材P15) Point fight /faɪt/ vt.&vi.搏斗，打斗；为……斗争 讲 fight for... 努力争取……，为……而斗争 To fight bad people,the Monkey King uses a magic stick.为了对抗坏人，孙悟空用了一根有魔法的棍子。(作及物动词) I have to fight for the position with other players.我不得不与其他参赛者争夺名次。(作不及物动词) 拓【名词】打架；争吵 have a fight with sb 和某人打架/争吵 It's not right to have a fight with others.与别人打架是不对的。 3. He thought,"The bear will leave me alone if it thinks I'm dead."他想:"熊如果认为我死了，就会放过我。"(教材P15) Point dead /ded/ adj.死的 讲 在句中作定语或表语。 There were dead leaves on the ground after the strong wind.大风过后枯叶落了一地。(作定语) I'm afraid he is dead.恐怕他已经去世了。(作表语) 拓 dead的相关词: die 【不及物动词】死亡，其过去式和过去分词均为died，现在分词为dying。是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用。die of/from"死于"。 dying 【形容词】垂死的；临死的 语境串记 He has been dead for two years. He died of cancer. We were very sad about his death.他已经去世两年了。他死于癌症。我们为他的去世感到很难过。 4. The bear came close to the friend on the ground and smelt his head,but it didn't attack.熊走近了躺在地上的朋友，闻了闻他的头，但没有攻击他。(教材P15) Point attack /əˈtæk/ vi.&vt.攻击，袭击 Never attack anyone without a reason.不要无缘无故攻击任何人。 The lion hid in the grass,waiting for the right moment to attack.狮子藏在草丛里，等待合适的时机发起攻击。 拓【动词】(体育比赛中)进攻 Brazil began to attack more in the second half of the match.巴西队在比赛下半场开始加强进攻。 5. It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger.它说真正的朋友不应该在危险时刻离开你。(教材P15) Point danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ n.危险 讲【不可数名词】 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险 When you are in danger, you should keep calm and try to find some help.当你身处险境时，你应该保持冷静，并设法寻求帮助。(2025天津中考) She is now out of danger.她现在已脱离危险。 danger的相关词：dangerous adj.危险的 > > 典例 完成句子，每空一词。 > 鱼在寻找食物时往往处于危险之中。 > Fish are often ____ ____ when they look for food. > 答案:in danger 6. Be brave and talk to others 要勇敢起来，和别人交谈 (教材P15) Point brave /breɪv/ adj.勇敢的 讲 可作定语或表语，通常用来形容人。 In Journey to the West, the clever and brave Monkey King is never afraid to fight bad people.在《西游记》中，聪明勇敢的孙悟空从不惧怕与坏人作斗争。(眉山中考)(作定语) He taught us to be brave and strong and never to give up.他教会我们勇敢坚强，永不放弃。(作表语) brave的相关词：bravely adv.勇敢地；bravery n.勇敢 语境串记 Tom is a brave man.He saved the little girl from the fire bravely.We admire his bravery.汤姆是一个勇敢的人。他勇敢地从火中救出了那个小女孩。我们钦佩他的勇敢。 7. How to get along with friends 如何与朋友和睦相处 (教材P16) Point get along with sb 与某人和睦相处，关系良好 讲 相当于get on with sb。 It's important to learn how to get along/on with your classmates at school.在学校里，学会如何与同班同学和睦相处是很重要的。 8. Nod from time to time.时不时地点头。(教材P16) Point nod /nɒd/ vi.&vt.点头 过去式:nodded nod one's head 点头 nod at/to sb 向某人点头(致意或示意) He nodded (his head) with satisfaction.他满意地点了点头。 She nodded to us as she walked by.她走过时向我们点了点头。 拓【动词】打盹；打瞌睡 He nodded during the class, so he missed a wonderful lesson.他在课堂上打瞌睡，所以错过了精彩的一课。 9. Once you are friends,there are some easy ways to make sure your friendship lasts.一旦成为朋友，有一些简单的方法能确保你们的友谊长久。(教材P16) Point once /wʌns/ conj.一……就，一旦，引导时间状语从句。 Once you see it,you will love it.一旦你看到它，你就会喜欢上它。 拓【副词】曾经；一次 He once lived in Hangzhou.他曾经住在杭州。 ‑How often do you play basketball with your friends?你多久与朋友打一次篮球? ‑Only once a week.一周仅一次。 10. Joan is helpful and patient.琼乐于助人且有耐心。(教材P18) Point patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj.有耐心的 讲 be patient with sb 对某人有耐心 The teacher is very patient with her students.这位老师对她的学生很有耐心。 拓 patient的相关词：impatient adj.不耐烦的；patience n.耐心 语境串记 Mr Brown is a patient doctor. He always examines his patients patiently. It seems that he never gets impatient. His patience makes him the most popular doctor in the hospital.布朗先生是一位有耐心的医生。他总是耐心地给他的病人做检查。他似乎永远不会不耐烦。他的耐心使他成为医院里最受欢迎的医生。 11. Joan is caring and thoughtful.琼有爱心又体贴。(教材P18) Point thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj.体贴的；深思的 讲 (1)体贴的 Paul is very thoughtful.保罗非常体贴人。 It was really thoughtful of you to remember my birthday.你真是体贴，还记得我的生日。 (2)深思的 She looked at me with a thoughtful expression.她若有所思地看着我。 单元提升 1重点速记 词汇梳理 1 friend n.朋友‑friendship n.友谊 2 honest adj.诚实的，正直的‑honesty n.诚实 3 cheer v.欢呼，喝彩‑cheerful adj.快乐的；乐观的 4 humour n.幽默‑humorous adj.幽默的 5 care v.&n.关心‑caring adj.关心他人的，体贴人的；careful adj.小心的，仔细的‑carefully adv.小心地，仔细地；careless adj.粗心的‑carelessly adv.粗心地 6 true adj.符合事实的‑truly adv.真正，确实‑truth n.事实 7 laugh v.笑，发笑‑laughter n.笑声 8 happy adj.开心的‑unhappy adj.不开心的；happiness n.快乐，幸福 9 lie v.撒谎‑(过去式)lied‑(现在分词)lying 10 thought n.想法，主意‑thoughtful adj.体贴的；深思的 11 bore v.使厌烦‑bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的‑boring adj.无聊的 12 bad adj.坏的；质量差的‑(比较级)worse‑(最高级)worst 13 die v.死亡‑dead adj.死的‑death n.死亡‑dying adj.垂死的 14 brave adj.勇敢‑bravely adv.勇敢地‑bravery n.勇敢 15 patient adj.有耐心‑patience n.耐心‑impatient adj.不耐烦 词块归纳 1 tell the truth 说实话，老实说 2 care about 关心，在乎 3 be good at telling jokes 善于讲笑话 4 lie to sb 对某人说谎 5 share your thoughts 分享你(们)的想法 6 wear it in a ponytail 把它扎成马尾辫 7 be ready to help anyone 愿意帮助别人 8 give up one's seat to sb 把座位让给某人 9 in need 有需要的 10 help sb with sth 帮助某人(做)某事 11 cheer up (使)振奋起来；(使)变得高兴 12 feel down 感到沮丧，情绪消沉 13 a little bit 有点儿 14 have a sense of humour 有幽默感 15 feel bored 觉得无聊 16 stay active 保持活跃 17 give up on... 对……不抱希望 18 keep secrets 保密 19 play badminton 打羽毛球 20 lie down 躺下 21 come close to 接近 22 in times of danger 在危险时刻 23 get along with sb 与某人和睦相处 24 have a point 有道理 25 look on the bright side (对坏情况)持乐观态度 26 from time to time 有时；间或 27 be worried about 担心 用法总结 1 thank you for doing sth 感谢你(们)做某事 2 be ready to do sth 乐意做某事 3 make sb do sth 使某人做某事 4 adj.+enough to do sth 足够……做某事 5 by doing sth 通过做某事 6 keep doing sth 继续做某事，一直做某事 7 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 语法精讲 形容词比较级和最高级 比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，表示"更……一些""较……"；最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较，表示"最……"。 考向1 形容词比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化 1. 一般直接加‑er /‑est：new→newer→newest 2. 以‑e结尾，加‑r /‑st：fine→finer→finest 3. 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加‑er/‑est：busy→busier→busiest 4. 重读闭音节“辅元辅”，双写末尾辅音字母，再加‑er或‑est：sad→sadder→saddest；slim‑slimmer‑slimmest；big‑bigger‑biggest 5. 多音节/部分双音节形容词：more / most +原级：patient→more patient→most patient；beautiful‑more beautiful‑most beautiful 不规则变化 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 | | good/well(健康的) | better | best | | bad/ill | worse | worst | | many/much | more | most | | little(少的) | less | least | | far | farther/further | farthest/furthest | 考向2 形容词比较级的用法 1. 比较级+than 比……更…… Tom is taller than Simon.汤姆比西蒙高。 2. Which/Who...+比较级,A or B? A和B，哪一个/谁更……? Which book is better,this one or that one?这本书和那本书，哪本更好? 3. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… 当形容词为部分双音节词或多音节词时，用"more and more+形容词原级"。 The weather is becoming warmer and warmer.天气正变得越来越暖和。 Chinese is becoming more and more popular.中文正变得越来越受欢迎。 4. the+比较级,the+比较级 越……，越…… The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。 5. 比较级+than any other+可数名词单数 比较级+than the other+可数名词复数 含义：比其他任何……都…… China is larger in area than any other country/the other countries in Asia.中国比亚洲其他任何国家面积都大。 > > 特别提醒 > 当表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much、a lot、a little、even等修饰形容词比较级。注意：比较级不能用very、so、too等修饰。 > He is much more serious than his brother.他比他弟弟稳重多了。 > This book is even more useful than that one.这本书甚至比那本书更有用。 考向3 形容词最高级的用法 1. "主语+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of/among短语"意为"……是……中最……的"。 My mother is the busiest one in my family.我妈妈是我家里最忙的人。 He is the youngest among the five kids.这五个孩子中，汤姆是最小的。 2. "主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of/among短语"意为"……是……中最……之一"。 Zhaozhou Bridge is one of the oldest stone bridges in the world.赵州桥是世界上最古老的石桥之一。(北京中考) 3. "疑问词(组)+be+the+形容词最高级,A,B or C?"用于三者之间的比较。 Who is the tallest,Tom,Kate or Bill?汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁最高? 4. "主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of/among短语"意为"……在……是第几最……"。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 > > 特别提醒 > the+形容词最高级+单数名词 > 形容词比较级+than any other+单数名词 > 形容词比较级+than the other+复数名词 > 这三个结构均可表示"最……的……"，它们三者之间可互相转换。 例：这七支铅笔中，红色的那支是最长的。 The red pencil is the longest of the seven. =The red pencil is longer than any other pencil of the seven. = The red pencil is longer than the other pencils of the seven. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $