Unit 1 Science Fiction-【新课程能力培养】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第四册学习手册（人教版）

Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Culture Background Analysis If you are in Dubai you may notice aa crime,paying fines and reporting lost or robot police officer sharing the street with found things.They can also ask how to get you.Your first thought might be,"Have I somewhere.The robot can greet and shake walked into a movie set?" hands with people.So far,the robot can speak The answer is no.That robot is Dubai's Arabic and English.It soon will learn other newest police officer.The robot has a touch languages such as Russian,Chinese,French screen instead of a gun.The robot will be and Spanish.In addition to having a touch employed mostly at shopping centers and other screen,the robot has a camera that can live- places popular with visitors. stream video to a police command center. The robot's face has eyes but no mouth Dubai has plans to add other kinds of or nose.It stands 165 centimeters tall and robots to its police force.Within two years, weighs 100 kilograms.If the robot works well,the city plans to use a three-meter-tall robot Dubai says 25 percent of its police force could that can run up to 80 kilometers an hour.The be robots by 2030.The robot cop (was Dubai government says the machine would be officially presented at Dubai's Gulf Informa-the world's largest robot.A human police of- tion and Security Expo and Conference in May.ficer will be able to sit inside and control the The police hope the robot will make life robot.It will be able to lift heavy objects. easier for the people of Dubai.Khalid Al Ra- The city also plans to use an egg-shaped zooqi is Director General of Smart Services at robot to control parking areas and give tickets the Dubai Police.He said the robot can help to people who break traffic laws. the public every day,and that "it won't ask 根据上文判断正(T)误(F)。 for any sick leave'”. )1.The police use the robot to make The robot cannot make arrests(逮捕).： people's life easier. But it can recognize faces and compare them ()2.The robot's touch screen cannot be to photographs on a criminal database.It can used to report a crime. also sense emotions.People can use the : )3.We can infer from the text that ro- robot's touch screen to do things like reporting bots have a bright future in Dubai. 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） Period 1 Reading and Thinking I,重点知识讲解 (3)Her pulse quickened alarm. 1.test out检验，检测 她的脉搏因惊吓而加快 【归纳拓展】 3.ridiculous ad山.愚蠢的，荒谬的 test.on在…上做实验 【归纳拓展】 【情境助记】 a ridiculous idea荒唐的主意 (1)The software should (test)out look ridiculous看上去可笑 before being put on the market totally ridiculous荒谬绝伦 这个软件应该在投放市场之前检验 【情境助记】 一下。 It was ridiculous the sculpture was (2) this pill is helpful or not will be brought to life. tested out by time 雕像被赋予生命简直太荒谬了。 这种药物是否有效还有待时间来检验。 4.dignity n.庄重，尊严 (3)We are going to be tested maths 【归纳拓展】 tomorrow with dignity有尊严地，体面地 我们明天要进行数学测验。 【情境助记】 2.alarm vt..使警觉，惊动 (1)She accepted the criticism dignity. 几.警报，惊恐 她体面地接受了批评。 【归纳拓展】 (2)It is difficult preserve our be alarmed by/at对…惊恐 dignity when you have no job or no be alarmed to do害怕做某事 home. in alarm惊恐地 当你没家没业的时候很难保有尊严。 alarmed ad山.担心的，害怕的 5.salary n.薪水，薪金（按月发） alarming adj.令人惊恐的 【归纳拓展】 【情境助记】 earn a salary赚工资 (1)They were alarmed the negative pay sb.a salary付给某人工资 effect of the Internet offer sb.a salary给某人工资 他们惊恐于网络的消极影响。 salary raise加薪 (2)They were alarmed. (find)her 词语辨析： wounded. salary指教师、医生等专业工作的月薪 他们害怕她受伤。 :pay指做完具体工作给的报酬 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION wage通常指按周领取的工资 8.accompany vt..陪伴，伴奏 income指收入，受益，所得 【归纳拓展】 【情境助记】 accompany sb..toSp..陪某人到 The job is great in terms salary,but it accompany sb.on/'at sth.用…给某人伴奏 has its disadvantage. be accompanied by伴随.…发生 这份工作就薪水而言很棒，但它也有缺点。 company n.公司；陪伴 6.favour n.喜爱，恩惠，帮忙 keep sb's company陪伴某人 vt.喜爱，偏袒 companion n.同伴，伙伴 【归纳拓展】 【情境助记】 do sb.a favour=do a favour to sb. (1)Mum asked me to accompany her 帮某人的忙 the supermarket. in favour of同意，支持 妈妈让我陪她去超市。 in one's favour有利于某人 (2)While she danced wonderfully on the stage, 【情境助记】 her mother accompanied her the (1)Will you do me favour and piano convey the furniture to my house? 当她在舞台上跳舞的时候，她的母亲用 你愿意帮我个忙，把这个家具运送到我 钢琴给她伴奏。 家吗？ 9.appointment n.预约，约会；任命 (2)The exchange rate is in we) 【归纳拓展】 favour for the time being. make an appointment with sb.跟某人预约/ 这个汇率暂时对我们有利。 约会 7.or rather更确切地说 put off one's appointment推迟某人约定 【归纳拓展】 appoint vt..任命，约定 rather than而不是 appoint sb.to do sth..委任某人做某事 other than除…之外 appoint sb..tobe/as任命某人为. more than很，超过，不仅仅 【情境助记】 【情境助记】 (1)I have an appointment Dr.Smith I met him very late on Friday night, but I need to change it. rather,early Saturday morning. 我已经约好了史密斯医生，但是我得更 在周五晚上很晚的时候我遇到了他，更确切 改一下约定。 地说是周六一大早。 (2)It is a great honour for him to be appointed the consultant of the company. 他被任命为这家公司的顾问可真是一件 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 荣耀的事。 missed her post. 10.guilty ad山.内疚的，有罪的 她是无辜的，不应该被解雇。 【归纳拓展】 (2)I think we can safely dismiss their feel guilty about对…感到愧疚 (object) be guilty of有…过失/罪责 我认为我们对他们的异议完全可以不予 【情境助记】 理会。 (1)I was feeling a bit guilty. having 13.declare vt..表明，宣称，公布 shouted at her. 【归纳拓展】 对她大声喊叫，我感到很愧疚。 declare sb.tobe..宣布某人是… (2)The jury found the defendant not guilty declare against/for反对/赞成 the offence. declare war(on)..(向…)宣战 陪审团裁定被告无罪。 【情境助记】 11.strike vt.wi.撞击，罢工；突然想起， (1)The accused man was declared 打动 (be)innocent by the court. (struck,struck) 法庭宣判被告无罪。 【归纳拓展】 (2)When they asked him for his opinion,he be struck by..被…打动 declared strongly the policy. sth.strikes sb./It strikes sb.that.某人突然 他们向他征求意见时，他表明强烈反 想起 对这项政策。 strike n.罢工 Ⅱ.重点句型解读 【情境助记】 1.教材原句：She wasn't like Gladys Claff- (1)They (strike)by the wonderful ern,one of the richest and most powerful rhythm and began to sing. women around. 他们被美妙的节奏打动并跟着一起唱起 【句法分析】 来了。 句中画线部分为Gladys Claffern的同位语， (2)It struck me there was no one at 是对她进一步的解释和说明。 home (1)名词（短语）和代词作同位语。 我突然想到家里没有人。 DThis is Mr.Zhong,a famous specialist from 12.dismiss vt..使离开，解散，消除 China. 【归纳拓展】 2They each get a chance to travel by air. dismiss..from.从…解除/开除 (2)不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）作同 【情境助记】 位语 (1)She was innocent and should not be dis-The young man tried to achieve his aim- Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION entering the key university 6.Then we voted for the monitor.The result 2.教材原句：He suggested that she invite was 28 to 15 Wang Hong's favour. Gladys and her friends to the house... 7.People who are in favour modern 【句法分析】 city life may think it is rather dull to live in suggest that+-主语+(should)do. the countryside. She suggested that you should)go there 8.I don't think it's necessary for parents to tomorrow accompany their children college. 建议某人做某事还可以用以下两种句式：9.Children, (accompany）by their 表达： parents,are allowed to enter the stadium. It is suggested that+主语+(should)do 10.Viewing is by (appoint)only. The suggestion is that+主语+(should)do. 11.She was waiting at my apartment at the 使用误区： appoint)time to take me to (l)suggest表“建议”时，后面不能接to Disney World. do,但可以接doing,即suggest doing。 12.Getting the most votes,Jack was appointed The coach suggested having another match. monitor. (2)suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，后面的 13.I still feel guilty the things I said 宾语从句不用虚拟语气。 to my father when I was a teenager. Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill,and 14.We've been guilty selfishness at her parents suggested that she (should)have some time in our life. a medical examination. 15.In consequence of your bad work,I am Ⅲ.小试牛刀 force to dismiss you your position. 一、单句语法填空 16 (dismiss)her fears and encour- 1.We are going to be tested grammar aged by his words,she climbed higher. tomorrow. 17.The Professor (dismiss)the 2.The students tested their cost-cutting class early because she had a meeting ideas in several companies. 18.They declared building a new 3.On hearing the scream,he jumped up bridge because it would cost a lot of money. alarm. 19.The competition (declare)open 4.I was very to hear the yesterday. news that the situation was getting worse 20.To help us prepare for the exam,the teacher and worse.(alarm) suggested (read)through our 5.The terminally ill(绝症患者)should be notes. allowed to die dignity. 21.My deskmate's sleepy look suggested that N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） he (be)tired of his study and I a tall and handsome man with smooth hair and suggested that he (have)a rest. a deep voice.Larry was going to be away from 22.The suggestion is all the people home with the robot 2. (accompany) who will join in picking apples should his wife Claire.Claire didn't like the idea in wear a hat and a pair of gloves. 3. beginning,but she agreed to it at 二、按要求完成下列句子 last.At her first sight of Tony,Claire was 1.His work is (检验)new designs alarmed.When Tony offered to help her of vases. dressing,Claire felt 4. embarrass). 2.She (看上去很可笑)in this hat: 5. gradual),Tony began to win while she was fond of the style Claire's trust.Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle 3.He (赚取工资)，which can and improved her makeup.He suggested that cover the expense of his family she invite Gladys and her 6. 4.We did a lot for the elderly at the nursing (friend)to the house the night before he was home,washing clothes for them and to leave and Larry was 7. (return). (陪伴他们)，which made them happy By that time,Tony expected that the house, and refreshed. 6 was being completely transformed, 5.John had (惭愧的表情)on his would be ready.The night of the party arrived. face. The clock struck eight.The guests 9. 三、语篇填空 (arrive)soon.Tony 10. (declare) A robot used for housework was tested that he did not want to leave her the next day. 1. in Larry's family.He looked like Then the front door bell rang. (6)学 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Period 2 Using Language I,重点知识讲解 (3)She occupied (she)with routine 1.superior ad山.更好的，（级别）更高的 office tasks all day 【归纳拓展】 她整日忙于日常工作。 superior to高于…；好于… (4)Please state your name,age and inferior to比不上… (occupy)below. senior to比…年长 请在下方写明你姓名、年龄及工作。 junior to比.…资浅/年轻 3.be likely to do sth.可能做… 【情境助记】 【归纳拓展】 (1)I've personally never subscribe to the view It is likely to do..做某事是可能的 either sex is superior sb.be likely to do某人很可能做… the other. 【情境助记】 我个人永远不会认同一种性别优于另一 (1)Tickets are likely by then. 种性别的观点。 到那时，票有可能已经卖光了。 (2)This model is technical) (2) is less likely to cause knee inju- superior to its competitors. ries 这个模型在技术上优于它的同类竞 不太可能引起膝盖受伤。 争者。 4.benefit v.使受益，得益于 2.occupation n.工作，职业；占领，占用 n.优势，益处 【归纳拓展】 【归纳拓展】 occupy vt.占用，使用，任职 for sb.'s benefit为某人的利益 occupy oneself in doing sth./with sth.忙着做 benefit from从..中受益 某事 beneficial adj.有利的，有益的 be occupied in doing sth./with sth. 【情境助记】 【情境助记】 (1)I had the benefit good education. (1)The bed seemed (occupy)most 我受益于良好的教育。 of the room. (2) We should spend the money on something 这张床似乎占据了大部分的空间。 will benefit everyone. (2)The capital (occupy)by the 我们应该把钱花在使每个人都受益的 rebel army since 1734 地方。 首都自1734年以来就被叛军占领了。 (3)Both sides have benefited the 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） talks. (4)After his third film,his career of the film 双方都从这次谈判中获益。 performance 5.integrate...into/with使成为一体，融入 第三部电影之后，他的电影表演事业就 【归纳拓展】 走向了成功。 integrate vt..使合并，使加入 7.turn out关掉，熄灭，出席，结果是 integration n.整合，一体化 【归纳拓展】 【情境助记】 turn up调大，出现 (1)These programs can be integrated turn down调低，拒绝 your existing software. turn over打翻，移交 这些程序可以整合到你现在的软件里。 turn to求助于，翻到（哪页） (2)The aim is to promote closer economic turn around转身，翻转 (integrate). 【情境助记】 这个目标就是进一步促进经济整合。 (1)Tom had to the invitation to the 6.take over接管，取而代之 party last weekend because he was too 【归纳拓展】 busy. take away拿走，夺走 汤姆上周末不得不拒绝了去聚会的邀 take off起飞，成功，脱掉 请，因为他太忙了。 take on呈现，承担，雇佣 (2)Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses take up占据，从事，继续 will sooner or later. take in吸收，理解，欺骗 别担心，我肯定你丢的眼镜早晚会找 【情境助记】 到的。 (1)It has been suggested that mammals (3)He quickly when he heard some- dinosaurs from 65 million years ago. one asking for help behind him. 有人认为，哺乳动物在6500万年前取 当听见身后有人向他求助时，他迅速地 代了恐龙。 转过身来。 (2)I know I was completely a fool to trust (4)If you you might find it easier him but he is a real charmer who totally to get to sleep. 如果你翻个身，你可能会发现入睡更容 我知道我真傻，竟然相信了他，但他真 易了。 是有魅力，把我完全骗了。 (5)A vast crowd to watch the proce- (3)No other organization was able or willing ssion. to the job. 有一大群人出来观看队伍。 没有其他机构能够或愿意承担这份工作。 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION 8.conflict with与.冲突 到目前为止，工资的增长始终与通货膨胀保 【归纳拓展】 持一致。 in conflict with与谁有冲突 11.urge n.强烈的欲望，冲动 come into conflict with与谁产生冲突 vt.催促，力劝，极力主张 【情境助记】 【归纳拓展】 (1)The two countries have been each have an urge to do sth.有强烈的欲望做某事 other for decades. urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事 这两个国家之间的冲突已经有几十年了。 urge that.…(should)do sth.极力主张做某事 (2)He often his classmates, urgency n.紧急情况 which annoys his parents urgent ad山.紧急的，迫切的 他经常和同班同学产生冲突，这让他的 urgently ad.紧急地，迫切地 父母很烦恼。 【情境助记】 9.fetch vt.去拿来，请来 (1)The vacation is coming and I 【归纳拓展】 假期快到了，我有去旅游的冲动。 fetch从说话的地方出去拿东西再回到说话 (2)He go at once. 的地方，强调一往一返。 他催促我们立刻走。 bring从远处带到说话的地方。 12.explode vi..&vt.爆炸，爆发 take从说话的地方把东西带走。 【归纳拓展】 【情境助记】 explode with突然 (1)The people have to walk a mile. explosion n.爆炸 人们得走一英里路去取水。 【情境助记】 (2)Please your homework here. On seeing his funny expression,we all 请把你的作业拿过来。 laughter. (3)Please the homework to your 一看到他滑稽的表情，我们都一下子大笑 home and finish it in time. 起来。 请把作业拿回家并按时完成。 Ⅱ.重点句型解读 10.pace n.速度，步伐，节奏 l.I take it that..我认为…其中it作形式 u.调整节奏，来回踱步 宾语。类似的动词还有like,have,put。It 【归纳拓展】 可以看成是that从句的同位语。 keep pace with与…步调一致/并驾齐驱 DI take it that he will succeed sooner or later. 【情境助记】 我认为他迟早会成功的。 Until now,wage increases have always. 2The newspapers have it that some Japanese Inflation(通货膨胀). companies have gone bankrupt. 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 报纸上新闻说一些日本公司已经破产了。 taste nice,we will not buy any. 2.比较级叠用 (4)if any经常与few和little连用，意为 DThe more careful you are,the fewer mistakes “即使有些的话，就算有的话”。 you will make DAlthough there seemed some signs of reco- 你越认真，犯的错误就越少 vering,experts said that few,if any,could 2The more expensive the hotel is,the better come back to normal after getting this the service it provides. disease 酒店的价格越贵，提供的服务越好。 尽管好像有些病人有康复的迹象，但专家 3.f条件状语从句省略结构的用法 们说即使有的话，患上这种疾病之后几乎 (1)fs0是对前面内容作出的肯定假设，意 很难恢复到原来的状态。 为“要是那样的话”。 2There is little,if any,water in the glass. I might be away next week.If so,I won't be 玻璃杯里几乎没什么水。 able to see you. 4.Night came as if a lamp was being turned 我可能下周离开。要是那样的话，我将见 out,and in another moment came the 不到你。 day. Ifso此处相当于If I am away next week 【句法分析】 (2)if ever是现在完成时态的省略，意为 ,:asif(=as though)“仿佛，好像”，可用来 “如果曾经做过某事”。 引导表语从句和方式状语从句。 DHave you been to the Great Wall? (1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极其可 你去过长城吗？ 能发生，从句就用陈述语气。 2Perhaps not in my memory.If ever,it might Look at the dark clouds in the sky!It have been during my early childhood. looks as if it's going to rain 也许不在我的记忆里。如果有的话，那可 看那天上的乌云，好像马上就要下雨了。 能是在我童年的早期。 (2) 当说话人陈述内容不真实或极不可能发 此处If ever相当于If I have been to the 生，从句要用虚拟语气。 Great Wall。 虚拟情况 asif从句谓语动词 (3)fnot是对前面一句作出的否定假设， 与现在事实不符 过去式(be动词用were) 意为“不然的话”。 与过去事实不符 had+过去分词 If the food tastes nice,we'll buy some.If not, 与将来事实不符 would/.could/should+动词原形 not. 如果这种食品尝起来好吃的话，我们就买点 DHe talks as if he knew all about it. 儿，不然的话就不买。 他谈起来好像对此全知道似的。 此处If not,.not相当于If the food does not:②She kept doing his work as if nothing had 10 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION happened. 16.The people in the earthquake stricken area 她继续工作，好像什么都没发生过。 are in (urge)need of food. 3It looks as if it might rain 17.The bomb exploded, (cause）a 看上去好像要下雨。 lot of damage to his belongings. Ⅲ.小试牛刀 18.Everything in my childhood crowded into 一、单句语法填空 my mind as if they happen) 1.We have a relationship superior yesterday. those of many of our friends. 二、按要求完成下列句子 2.He preferred the company of those who were 1.Try not to let negative thoughts (intellectual)inferior to himself. 尽量别被消极想法左右。 3.The position had to be filled by an officer 2.The campaign can. that senior Frank. cars do to our society 4.I am two years junior you. 这个活动可以提醒人们汽车对我们社会产 5.Administrative work occupy) 生的危害。 half of my time every day. 3.Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great 6.There were over 40 tenants,all importance (occupy)one wing of the building. 当我们和朋友发生冲突时，换位思考是十 7.It is not likely he will come. 分重要的。 8.Don't go to any trouble my benefit. 4.When there is something beyond my com- 9.A good diet is (benefit)to health. petence, 10.His music is an (integrate)of 当有事情超出我的能力时，我向老师和同 tradition and new technology 班同学求助。 11.Rumor has that Marry is getting 5.She found it hard as he walked married. faster and faster. 12.The harder you work,the. (likely) 他走得越来越快，她感到很难跟上他。 you are to succeed. 三、语篇填空 13.Though technology is used to help us,we The first of all Time Machine began its should not allow it to take our career at ten o'clock today.1. (give) lives. it a last check,I sat myself in the leather seat. 14.She found herself in conflict her I drew 2. breath,gripped the lever parents over her future career. and pushed it forwards.The laboratory 3. 15.A week ago,Tyler pace)in go)hazy around me.My niece came the yard when an idea suddenly emerged. in to fetch something,maybe her hankerchief, N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） apparently without 4. (see)me.I 7. were being flashed before my pushed the lever further.Night came as if a eyes!I had thought the risk of stopping the lamp was being turned out,and in another Time Machine many 8. (time).I moment came the day.Tomorrow night came, pulled the lever backwards hard.With a then skipped to day,again and again,5. sudden jolt,the Time Machine was flipped on (fast)and faster still.It is hard 6. its side,and I 9. (throw)through (explain)the strange and unpleasant the air.I was stunned for a moment,and then feeling of time travelling.It felt like I was heard the sound of thunder.I was sitting in the being driven fast on a winding road.I had a rain in some mud next 10. the strong urge to look at the random things:machine (12)学 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Period 3 Grammar 本单元的语法项目：复习被动语态 2.“get+过去分词”也表被动 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和 He was caught in a big fire and got burnt. 谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动 他遇上了大火并被烧伤了。 语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说 3.某些情况用主动语态来表示被动含义 动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果 read,write,act,iron,burn,cut, 主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由 draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear, 主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink 被动语态的构成是：be+动词过去分词。 动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被 一、各种时态的主、被动语态 执行者的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意 时态 主动语态 被动语态 义，且常与not,hardly,well,easily,bad- 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done y,nicely等副词连用。 般将来时 will/be going to+do will be+done The door doesn't open easily. am/is/are+being+ 门不容易打开。 现在进行时 am/is/are+doing done Bikes of that kind sell well. 一般过去时 was/were/did was/were+done 那种自行车卖得很好。 have/has+been+ 现在完成时 have/has+done 4.不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词 done 短语： 过去完成时 had+done had+been+done fit,have,wish,cost,agree with,ar- 过去进行时 was/were+being+ was/were+doing rive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in, done 情态动词+be+ suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk 情态动词 情态动词+do done into,belong to等。 二、注意事项 This key just fits the lock. 1.“be+过去分词”并非都是被动语态， 这把钥匙能开这把锁。 系动词be,feel,seem,look等词后面的过 Your story agrees with what had already 去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，构成系 been heard 表结构，表示某种状态。 你的故事同听说的一样。 I'm interested in mathematics. 【即时跟踪1】 我对数学感兴趣。 用所给词的正确形式填空。 He seems unsatisfied with his work. (1)I have to go to work by taxi because my 看起来他对他的工作不满意。 car (repair)at the garage 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (2) -George and Lucy got married last 她的梦想是被派往国外留学。 week.Did you go to their wedding? (4)作宾语补足语或主语补足语 -No,I (not,invite).Did The captain ordered the work to be done they have a big wedding? at once. (3)This is one of the oldest temples in Chi- 船长命令立刻做这项工作。 na.It date)back to the 9th The book is said to have been translated century into French. (4)The flowers were so lovely that they 据说这本书已被译成了法语。 (sell)in no time. (5)作定语 (5)My money (run)out.I must There were plans to be made at once go to the bank to withdraw some of my 要立即制订计划。 savings out before I've none in hand. He was the last one to be asked to speak 三、不定式的被动形式 at the meeting. 1.动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自 他是最后一个被邀请在会议上发言的人。 已的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态特征。当 (6)作状语 不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，不 His mother left the small village,never 定式一般要用被动形式。 to be seen again. 形式 结构 意义 他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没人见 过她。 与谓语动词同时发生或 般式 to be done 在谓语动词之后发生 【即时跟踪2】 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 完成式to have been done 发生在谓语动词之前 (1)George returned after the war,only 2.用法 (tell)that his wife had left him. (1)作主语 (2)We've had a good start,but next,more It's a pity to be kept in the house in such work needs do)to achieve fine weather. the final success. 在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾 (3)It's important for the figures (2)作宾语 (update)regularly The boy asked to be given an opportunity (4)It took a long time for the connection be- to try again tween body temperature and illness_ 那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。 (make). (3)作表语 (5)Are you going to attend the important Her dream is to be sent to study abroad. meeting (hold)next Monday? 14 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION 3.不定式的主动形式表被动意义的用法 I felt I was to blame for this failure. (1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不 我觉得这次失败在我。 定式和名词之间是动宾关系时，又和句中 【即时跟踪3) 一名词或代词构成主谓关系，不定式的主动 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 形式表示被动含义。 (1)The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it He has a family to support.(to support is very comfortable (sit)on. 与family是动宾关系，与he是主谓关系) (2)She had no money (buy)a 他要维持一个家庭。 birthday present for their children. 注意：若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑： (3)The car is rather difficult (re- 主语时，不定式必须用被动式。 pair). I'll go to the post office.Do you have a (4)Who is (blame)for it? letter to be posted?(不定式的被动语态作定 (5)I have no more letters (type), 语，you不是post动作的执行者) thank you. 我要去邮局，你有信要寄吗？ 【题组训练1】 (2)在某些“形容词+不定式”作表语 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语 (1)The students have been working hard on 又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不 their lessons and their efforts 定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词 (reward)with success in the end. nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,impor- (2)It is reported that a space station tant,impossible,pleasant,.interesting等。 (build)on the moon in years to come. That question is difficult to answer. (3)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no 那个问题不容易回答。 agreement (reach)so far by (3)在there be.句型中，当动词不定式 the two sides. 修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动形式作定 (4)Tai Chi (call) “shadow box- 语，重点在人；用被动形式作定语，重点 ing”in English, 在物。 (5)We (tell)that our rooms had- There is no time to lose/to be lost.to n't been reserved for that week,but for lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁 the week after. lost time不明确。) (6)While waiting for the opportunity to get 没有时间可浪费了。 promote),Henry did his (4)某些动词的不定式与be连用时， best to perform his duty. 要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。这类： (7)A Midsummer Night's Dream 动词常用的有to blame,to seek,to let等。 (open)at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） and then tours throughout Scotland. history.It (build)originally (8)The airport complete)next to protect the city in the Tang dynasty year will help promote tourism in this and has now been completely restored. area (3)Fountain pens (use)in schools 【题组训练2】 long ago and have been regaining popu- 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 larity lately because they are refillable. (1)Carson proves that a simple literary form (4)The children talked so loudly at dinner that has been passed down through the table that I had to struggle ages can still (employ)today (hear). to draw attention to important truths. (5)The airport complete)next (2)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete year will help promote tourism in this city wall that has survived China's long area. (16)学 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Period 4 Writing 文章尤其重要。 写作点拨 6.此类文章大多采用三段式结构 如何写“想象性”作文 首先可以简要、巧妙地引出文章的话 本单元的写作项目属于记叙文中的“想：题，引起读者的阅读兴趣。其次为文章主 象性”作文。这类题目要求学生在头脑中创：体，要按照一定顺序展开想象，说明想象的 造出从未接触过的甚至根本不存在的新的形：主体内容。在最后一部分中，可以再进行总 象。想象性写作允许自由想象、自主发挥的：结或对前景进行期待。 空间较大，因此需要灵活的思维能力和丰富：【亮点句式】 的想象能力。要写好此类文章，应注意以下 开篇常用： 几点： 1.Sometimes I dream about life in the fu- 1.首先要确定写作主题 ture. 确定主题，明确写作中心，是写好文章 2.I imagine life in the future from time 的前提，想象性写作也不例外。因为想象虽 to time. 然可以海阔天空，但总要围绕一个中心进 3.It is fascinating to imagine life in the 行，这个中心就是主题。 future. 2.想象美好，立意深刻 4.I am curious about our future life. 想象性作文必须要有一个“美好”的中 文章结尾常用： 心思想。如果只是瞎编一个热闹离奇的故 1.I believe the dream will come true one 事，就失去了想象的意义。 day. 3.构思要巧妙，想象要合理 2.As far as I am concerned,we will real- 构思和想象是写好此类文章的关键，既：ize the dream sooner or later. 要合乎逻辑，又要匠心独运，或启迪思维， 3.In my opinion,the dream will be 或引人入胜。 turned into reality one day. 4.列出写作提纲，合理安排顺序 典例赏析 通过合理想象列出写作素材，然后筛选 确定；最后再根据写作对象的特点合理安排 根据以下内容，通过合理的想象，以 顺序。 “Our Future Life”为题写一篇80词左右的 5.前后一致，自圆其说 英语短文，展望一下未来的科技生活。 不管允许想象的空间有多大，都要做到： 1.有些人可以到月球上度假； 符合逻辑，顺理成章，这一点对于写好此类 2.有些科学家能在海底生活： 学 17 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 3.每家都有可视电话(videophone),通 true some day. 过可视电话人们可以进行体检和购物； 【词句品鉴】 4.孩子们可以在家通过电视和广播接受 dream of/about, instant, varieties of 高级词汇 教育； goods,be optimistic about 5.机器人为你做家务。 精彩短语 perhaps, what's more,besides,in a 【审题谋篇】 和关联词word there is no need to do;what we need to 体裁 说明文 时态以将来时为主 增分句型 do 主题 描述未来生活 人称以第一人称为主 【名师点评】 第一段：简要引出话题“未来生活” 这篇文章运用了灵活的思维能力和丰富 第二段：对理想中的未来生活进行具体 结构 的想象力，主题明确、构思巧妙。在写作过 刻画 第三段：文章总结 程中能有效地使用一些高级词汇、语句间的 连接成分及丰富的句式结构，使全文结构紧 【参考范文】 凑，衔接自然，为文章增添了亮点。 Our Future Life 读后续写 Sometimes I dream about what life in the future will be like. Last Sunday afternoon,Sandra and I were Perhaps,some people will go to the moon eager to meet up with a man on Detroit's east for a holiday,and some scientists will live un- side to help him get ready for a job interview der the sea.Maybe every home will have this week.But on the way,we spotted a dog videophones,through which we can have an lying near the road next to his owner.We instant medical examination or buy varieties of thought he'd been hit by a car.My friend, goods without leaving home.What's more, Sandra Abrahamian,and I had assisted animal there is no need for children to go to school rescue groups before and we thought there every day and they will take up learning at might be something we could do,so we home,because there will be more educational quickly pulled over to help. programmes on the radio or TV.Besides,in His owner,a woman told us the dog's the future,each family will have robots,so name is Bosco,and she was walking him over every day what we only need to do is tell a mile in the heat to her new home.She said them what to do-shopping,sweeping up the Bosco was an outside dog and no one would house and so on. give him a ride to her new place.That's when In a word,I'm optimistic about such a fu-:she and a friend decided to walk the entire ture life and I believe the dream will come way.He was going from a life on a chain in 18 学 Unt1 SCIENCE FICTION。 one backyard to another.She said Bosco was try their best to save him. having trouble breathing along the way,but 注意： they thought he could make it.But just a 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； block away from their destination,Bosco fell 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已 down.We could tell he was suffering from 为你写好。 heatstroke(中暑).She told us he had thrown Paragraph 1: up and could no longer stand.Bosco was out Sandra drove while I stayed in the back of breath quickly;his drool(口水)was also seat trying to comfort Bosco. thick.Bosco's owner said she wanted to give him away because she didn't have time for him.She said he would never be allowed into her new“home”because her children have allergies(过敏症)and she worried he would dirty the carpet. Paragraph 2: I made a call to Kristina Rinaldi of De- So Bosco is now being called Roscoe, troit Dog Rescue to ask if they could help whose critical care and recovery were estimated Bosco because it was clear that he was going to be several thousand dollars. to die without emergency care.To our happi- ness,Rinaldi said they could help.At once she told the people at Oakland Veterinary Referral Services that a dog which needed critical care was being rushed in and they must be ready to 学(19】参考答案与解析。 N 参考答案与解析 学习手册参考答案与解析 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Culture Background Analysis Period 2 Using Language 1-3 TFT I.重点知识讲解 Period 1 Reading and Thinking 1.(1)that;to (2)technically 2.(1)to occupy (2)has been occupied (3)herself (4)occupation I.重点知识讲解 3.(1)to have been sold out (2)It 4.(1)from 1.(1)be tested (2)Whether (3)on (2)that (3)from 5.(1)into (2)integration 2.(1)by/at (2)to find (3)in 3.that 6.(1)took over (2)takes me in (3)take on 4.(1)with (2)to preserve 5.of (4)took off 7.(1)turn down (2)turn up (3)turn 6.(1)a(2)or7.or8.(1)to(2)on around (4)turn over (5)turn out 8.(1)in conflict 9.(1)with (2)as 10.(1)about (2)of with (2)comes into conflict with 9.(1)to fetch water 11.(1)were struck (2)that (2)bring (3)take 10.kept pace with 11.(1)have 12.(1)from (2)objections an urge to travel (2)urged us to go 12.exploded with 13.(1)to be (2)for Ⅲ.小试牛刀 Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、单句语法填空 一、单句语法填空 1.to 2.intellectually 3.to 4.to 5.occupies 1.on 2.out 3.in 4.alarmed;alarming 5.with 6.occupying 7.that 8.for 9.beneficial 10.integration 6.in 7.of 8.to 9.accompanied 10.appointment 、 11.it 12.more likely 13.over 14.with 15.was 11.appointed 12.as 13.about 14.of 15.from pacing 16.urgent 17.causing 18.had happened 16.Dismissing 17.had dismissed 18.against 19.was 二、按要求完成下列句子 declared 20.reading 21.was;(should)have 22.that 1.take over 2.remind people of the harm 3.when 二、按要求完成下列句子 we conflict with our friends 4.I turn to my teachers and 1.to test out 2.looked ridiculous 3.earns/gets/ classmates 5.to keep pace with him receives a salary 4.accompanying them 5.a guilty 三、语篇填空 look 1.Giving 2.a 3.went 4.seeing 5.faster 6.to 三、语篇填空 explain 7.that 8.times 9.was thrown 10.to 1.out 2.accompanying 3.the 4.embarrassed Period 3 Grammar 5.Gradually 6.friends 7.to return 8.which 9.would be arriving 10.declared 【即时跟踪1) (1)is being repaired (2)hadn't been invited 69 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (3)dates (4)were sold (5)is running comfort Bosco.I thought we lost him a couple of times 【即时跟踪2】 when he was seemingly out of breath and his eyes seemed (1)to be told (2)to be done (3)to be to close.By the time we arrived,Bosco was wheeled into updated (4)to be made (5)to be held the animal care center to receive emergency care.Bosco 【即时跟踪3】 was put on oxygen and was taken good care of by staff (1)to sit (2)to buy (3)to repair (4)to there and we waited anxiously for the dog to get out of blame (5)to be typed danger.Rinaldi said another dog in Detroit Dog Rescue had 【题组训练1】 already been named Bosco,and she wanted this new (1)will be rewarded (2)will be built (3)has member to have a new name for his new life. been reached (4)is called (5)were told Paragraph 2: (6)promoted (7)opens (8)to be completed So Bosco is now being called Roscoe,whose critical 【题组训练2】 care and recovery were estimated to be several thousand (1)be employed (2)was built (3)were used dollars.It would be difficult for Roscoe's new home to (4)to be heard (5)to be completed cover the costs as a non-profit organization.Thankfully, Period 4 Writing many people who knew Roscoe's story on Detroit Dog Rescue's Facebook page donated money to his care.With 读后续写 the help of supporters,Detroit Dog Rescue managed to 【参考范文】 make it.Once Roscoe was in a stable state,Sandra and I Paragraph 1: returned to our original mission,knowing we had already Sandra drove while I stayed in the back seat trying to been given the chance to help one desperate soul. Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS 6.(1)made up (2)to make up for (3)make Culture Background Analysis up some excuse 1-4 FTFF 7.(1)On the one hand;on the other hand (2)For another Period 1 Reading and Thinking Ⅲ.小牛试刀 I.重点知识讲解 1.Located 2.Personally 3.foundation 4.freedom 1.(1)locate;break down (2)exact location 5.is believed 6.in 7.majority 8.joint 9.Faced (3)the local school (4)were mostly located in 10.breathing 11.to try 12.take/took 13.in 2.(1)English majors (2)to major in English in 14.frequency 15.focused college (3)The majority of (4)in the majority W.语篇填空 3.(1)His joints (2)the joint owners (3)a 1.learning 2.of 3.guided 4.to learn 5.to 6.called joint effort (4)joint 7.was convinced 8.impression 9.cultures 10.the 4.(1)hold his/her breath (2)out of breath Period 2 Using Language (3)breathes in polluted air 5.(1)make contact with (2)out of contact with I.重点知识讲解 (3)he was breathless 1.(1)distribution of this species (2)is distributed 70