Unit 1 Period 3 Grammar-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册学习手册（人教版）

Period 3 本单元的语法项目：复习被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和 谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动 语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说 动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果 主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由 主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 被动语态的构成是：be+动词过去分词。 一、各种时态的主、被动语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done 一般将来时 will/be going to+do will be+done 现在进行时 am/is/are+being+ am/is/are+doing done 一般过去时 was/were/did was/were+done have/has+been+ 现在完成时 have/has+done done 过去完成时 had+done had+been+done was/were+being+ 过去进行时 was/were+doing done 情态动词+be+ 情态动词 情态动词+do done 二、注意事项 1.“be+过去分词”并非都是被动语态， 系动词be,feel,seem,look等词后面的过 去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，构成系 表结构，表示某种状态。 I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。 He seems unsatisfied with his work. 看起来他对他的工作不满意。 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Grammar 2.“get+过去分词”也表被动 He was caught in a big fire and got burnt. 他遇上了大火并被烧伤了。 3.某些情况用主动语态来表示被动含义 read,write,act,iron,burn,cut, draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear, open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink 动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被 执行者的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意 义，且常与not,hardly,well,easily,bad- ly,nicely等副词连用。 The door doesn't open easily. 门不容易打开。 Bikes of that kind sell well. 那种自行车卖得很好。 4.不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词 短语： fit,have,wish,cost,agree with,ar- rive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in, suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into,belong to等。 This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙能开这把锁。 Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你的故事同听说的一样。 【即时跟踪1】 用给词的正确形式填空。 (1)I have to go to work by taxi because my car (repair)at the garage. 学(13 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (2)-George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding? -No,I (not,invite).Did they have a big wedding? (3)This is one of the oldest temples in Chi- na.It date)back to the 9th century. (4)The flowers were so lovely that they (sell)in no time. (5)My money (run)out.I must go to the bank to withdraw some of my savings out before I've none in hand. 三、不定式的被动形式 1.动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自 已的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态特征。当 不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，不 定式一般要用被动形式。 形式 结构 意义 与谓语动词同时发生或 般式 to be done 在谓语动词之后发生 完成式to have been done 发生在谓语动词之前 2.用法 (1)作主语 It's a pity to be kept in the house in such fine weather. 在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。 (2)作宾语 The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again. 那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。 (3)作表语 Her dream is to be sent to study abroad. 14)学 她的梦想是被派往国外留学。 (4)作宾语补足语或主语补足语 The captain ordered the work to be done at once. 船长命令立刻做这项工作。 The book is said to have been translated into French 据说这本书已被译成了法语。 (5)作定语 There were plans to be made at once. 要立即制订计划。 He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting. 他是最后一个被邀请在会议上发言的人。 (6)作状语 His mother left the small village,never to be seen again. 他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没人见 过她。 【即时跟踪2】 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 (1)George returned after the war,only (tell)that his wife had left him. (2)We've had a good start,but next,more work needs do)to achieve the final success. (3)It's important for the figures (update)regularly (4)It took a long time for the connection be- tween body temperature and illness_ (make). (5)Are you going to attend the important meeting (hold)next Monday? 3.不定式的主动形式表被动意义的用法 (1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不 定式和名词之间是动宾关系时，又和句中另 一名词或代词构成主谓关系，不定式的主动 形式表示被动含义。 He has a family to support.to support 与family是动宾关系，与he是主谓关系) 他要维持一个家庭。 注意：若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑 主语时，不定式必须用被动式。 I'll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?(不定式的被动语态作定 语，you不是post动作的执行者) 我要去邮局，你有信要寄吗？ (2)在某些“形容词+不定式”作表语 或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语 又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不 定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词 nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,impor- tant,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。 That question is difficult to answer. 那个问题不容易回答。 (3)在there be.句型中，当动词不定式 修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动形式作定 语，重点在人；用被动形式作定语，重点 在物。 There is no time to lose/to be lost.to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁 lost time不明确。) 没有时间可浪费了。 (4)某些动词的不定式与be连用时， 要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。这类 动词常用的有to blame,to seek,to let等。 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION I felt I was to blame for this failure. 我觉得这次失败在我。 【即时跟踪3】 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 (1)The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable (sit)on. (2)She had no money (buy)a birthday present for their children. (3)The car is rather difficult (re- pair). (4)Who is (blame)for it? (5)I have no more letters (type), thank you. 【题组训练1】 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 (1)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward)with success in the end. (2)It is reported that a space station (build)on the moon in years to come. (3)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach)so far by the two sides. (4)Tai Chi (call) “shadow box- ing”in English. (5)We (tell)that our rooms had- n't been reserved for that week,but for the week after. (6)While waiting for the opportunity to get promote),Henry did his best to perform his duty. (7)A Midsummer Night's Dream (open)at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, 学 (15 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） and then tours throughout Scotland (8)The airport complete next year will help promote tourism in this area 【题组训练2) 单句改错。（每小题仅有1处错误） (1)Every day he makes sure that fresh veg- etables and high quality oil are using for cooking. (2)Lots of studies have been shown that glo- (16)学 bal warming has already become a very serious problem. (3)Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. (4)Now my friend Ann,together with me,is going to do field study and the findings will be use as materials for our research.参考答案与解析。 N参考答案与解析 学习手册参考答案与解析 Unit 1 SCIENCE FICTION Culture Background Analysis Period 2 Using Language 1-3 TFT I.重点知识讲解 Period 1 Reading and Thinking 1.(1)that;to (2)technically 2.(1)to occupy (2)has been occupied (3)herself (4)occupation I.重点知识讲解 3.(1)to have been sold out (2)It 4.(1)from 1.(1)be tested (2)Whether (3)on (2)that (3)from 5.(1)into (2)integration 2.(1)by/at (2)to find (3)in 3.that 6.(1)took over (2)takes me in (3)take on 4.(1)with (2)to preserve 5.of (4)took off 7.(1)turn down (2)turn up (3)turn 6.(1)a(2)our7.or8.(1)to(2)on around (4)turn over (5)turn out 8.(1)in conflict 9.(1)with (2)as 10.(1)about (2)of with (2)comes into conflict with 9.(1)to fetch water 11.(1)were struck (2)that (2)bring (3)take 10.kept pace with 11.(1)have 12.(1)from (2)objections an urge to travel (2)urged us to go 12.exploded with 13.(1)to be (2)for Ⅲ.小试牛刀 Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、单句语法填空 一、单句语法填空 1.to 2.intellectually 3.to 4.to 5.occupies 1.on 2.out 3.in 4.alarmed;alarming 5.with 6.occupying 7.that 8.for 9.beneficial 10.integration 6.in 7.of 8.to 9.accompanied 10.appointment 11.it 12.more likely 13.over 14.with 15.was 11.appointed 12.as 13.about 14.of 15.from pacing 16.urgent 17.causing 18.had happened 16.Dismissing 17.had dismissed 18.against 19.was 二、按要求完成下列句子 declared 20.reading 21.was;(should)have 22.that 1.take over 2.remind people of the harm 3.when 二、按要求完成下列句子 we conflict with our friends 4.I turn to my teachers and 1.to test out 2.looked ridiculous 3.earns/gets/ classmates 5.to keep pace with him receives a salary 4.accompanying them 5.a guilty 三、语篇填空 look 1.Giving 2.a 3.went 4.seeing 5.faster 6.to 三、语篇填空 explain 7.that 8.times 9.was thrown 10.to 1.out 2.accompanying 3.the 4.embarrassed Period 3 Grammar 5.Gradually 6.friends 7.to return 8.which 9.would be arriving 10.declared 【即时跟踪1】 (1)is being repaired (2)hadn't been invited 69 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (3)dates (4)were sold (5)is running comfort Bosco.I thought we lost him a couple of times 【即时跟踪2】 when he was seemingly out of breath and his eyes seemed (1)to be told (2)to be done (3)to be to close.By the time we arrived.Bosco was wheeled into updated (4)to be made (5)to be held the animal care center to receive emergency care.Bosco 【即时跟踪3】 was put on oxygen and was taken good care of by staff (1)to sit (2)to buy (3)to repair (4)to there and we waited anxiously for the dog to get out of blame (5)to be typed danger.Rinaldi said another dog in Detroit Dog Rescue had 【题组训练1】 already been named Bosco,and she wanted this new (1)will be rewarded (2)will be built (3)has member to have a new name for his new life. been reached (4)is called (5)were told Paragraph 2: (6)promoted (7)opens (8)to be completed So Bosco is now being called Roscoe,whose critical 【题组训练2】 care and recovery were estimated to be several thousand (I)using改为used(2)去掉been (3)drank dollars.It would be difficult for Roscoe's new home to 改为drunk(4)use改为used cover the costs as a non-profit organization.Thankfully, Period 4 Writing many people who knew Roscoe's story on Detroit Dog Rescue's Facebook page donated money to his care.With 读后续写 the help of supporters,Detroit Dog Rescue managed to 【参考范文】 make it.Once Roscoe was in a stable state,Sandra and I Paragraph 1: returned to our original mission,knowing we had already Sandra drove while I stayed in the back seat trying to been given the chance to help one desperate soul. Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS 6.(1)made up (2)to make up for (3)make Culture Background Analysis up some excuse 1-4 FTFF 7.(1)On the one hand;on the other hand (2)For another Period 1 Reading and Thinking Ⅲ.小牛试刀 I.重点知识讲解 1.Located 2.Personally 3.foundation 4.freedom 1.(1)locate;break down (2)exact location 5.is believed 6.in 7.majority 8.joint 9.Faced (3)the local school (4)were mostly located in 10.breathing 11.to try 12.take/took 13.in 2.(1)English majors (2)to major in English in 14.frequency 15.focused college (3)The majority of (4)in the majority W.语篇填空 3.(1)His joints (2)the joint owners (3)a 1.learning 2.of 3.guided 4.to learn 5.to 6.called joint effort (4)joint 7.was convinced 8.impression 9.cultures 10.the 4.(1)hold his/her breath (2)out of breath Period 2 Using Language (3)breathes in polluted air 5.(1)make contact with (2)out of contact with I.重点知识讲解 (3)he was breathless 1.(1)distribution of this species (2)is distributed 70