Unit 1 The Changing World（单元阅读任务单）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元知识清单围绕“变化的世界”主题，涵盖家乡环境变迁、科技生活影响等子话题，整合阅读文本、词汇学习、语法解析（现在完成时、used to）及练习设计，搭建“话题感知—语言学习—思维拓展”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“体裁+难度分级”呈现文本（如说明文★★★★），标注重难生词并配例句，设置长难句分析（如主从复合句、used to结构）培养语言能力。设计“小练习”“重点短语”等实用模块，如Passage A用“polluted, decade”等生词填空，结合“变化的动因与影响”辩证讨论，提升思维品质。教师可直接用于课堂分层教学，学生能自主巩固语言知识与文化意识。

Unit 1 The Changing World话题阅读任务单 Unit 1 The Changing World 本单元围绕“变化的世界”这一主题展开，该主题与课标要求的“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“家乡和社会的变迁、历史的发展”密切相关。学生通过初一初二的学习，已掌握一般过去时的基本用法，能够描述过去发生的事情。而本单元在此基础上采用现在完成时，引导学生对比过去与现在，感知社会发展与时代变革。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会描述家乡、环境、交通、生活等多方面的变化，培养观察社会、分析变迁、辩证看待发展的能力。本单元的大问题“How do changes happen and how do they affect us?”启发学生思考变化的动因与影响，以及个人在推动积极变化中可以扮演的角色。Section A以个人家乡的变化为切入点，通过听力对话和采访等真实语境，引导学生学习描述过去与现在，掌握 used to 和一般过去时与现在完成时的核心用法。内容涵盖交通、医疗、商业和自然环境等多方面变化。Section B将视野扩展到全球合作与发展，通过阅读肯尼亚蒙内铁路等案例，分析重大工程项目如何带来深远的社会经济影响。写作部分聚焦于个人成长的变迁，培养学生用英语反思并描述自身变化的能力。本单元将语言学习与现实议题深度结合，使学生在掌握描述变化的语言技能的同时，培养其观察力、批判性思维及全球视野。 Passage A From Grey to Green: The Story of Linfen 导读：你听说过山西临汾吗？二十多年前，这里曾是全球污染最严重的城市之一。如今，它却发生了翻天覆地的变化——蓝天重现，绿树成荫。这座城市的转变告诉我们：只要下定决心，改变就有可能发生。阅读下面的文章，看看临汾是如何从“灰色”走向“绿色”的。 体裁：说明文　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约210词 In the 1990s, Linfen, a city in Shanxi Province, was famous for its heavy coal industry. The air was often grey with coal dust, and people rarely saw a clear blue sky. In 2004, it was named one of the most polluted cities in the world. For the people of Linfen, breathing clean air was once a luxury（奢侈品）. However, great changes have taken place over the past two decades. The local government realised that they could no longer sacrifice（牺牲）the environment for economic growth. They made a bold（大胆的）decision — to transform the city. Since then, Linfen has closed hundreds of outdated coal mines and planted more than 100 million trees on the hills around the city. The government also built 12 new parks in the city centre. Thanks to these efforts, the air quality has improved dramatically. In 2025, Linfen had 321 days of good air quality — the highest number in its history. Today, the city is no longer grey but green. The once-polluted rivers have become clear again. Birds have returned to the forests. People can finally enjoy outdoor activities without wearing masks. Last summer, 14-year-old Li Jia from Beijing visited her grandmother in Linfen. She told a reporter, “I could hardly believe my eyes. My grandma used to tell me that the sky here was always grey. But now, it’s as blue as the sky in my hometown!” Linfen’s story shows that change is possible when people work together for a better future. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【重难生词】 1. polluted adj. 被污染的 例句：The river is seriously polluted.（这条河被严重污染了。） 2. luxury n. 奢侈品；奢华 例句：For poor families, a computer is a luxury.（对贫困家庭来说，电脑是一种奢侈品。） 3. decade n. 十年 例句：Great changes have taken place over the past two decades.（在过去的二十年里发生了巨大的变化。） 4. sacrifice v. 牺牲 例句：We should not sacrifice health for money.（我们不应该为钱牺牲健康。） 5. bold adj. 大胆的 例句：He made a bold decision to start his own business.（他做了一个大胆的决定，自己创业。） 6. transform v. 改造；转变 例句：The new government wants to transform the country.（新政府想要改造这个国家。） 7. outdated adj. 过时的；落后的 例句：These machines are outdated and need to be replaced.（这些机器过时了，需要更换。） 8. quality n. 质量 例句：The quality of the air has improved a lot.（空气质量改善了很多。） 9. dramatically adv. 显著地；剧烈地 例句：The price of houses has increased dramatically.（房价大幅上涨了。） 10. mask n. 口罩 例句：People wear masks to protect themselves from the dust.（人们戴口罩来防尘。） 11. hardly adv. 几乎不 例句：I could hardly hear what she said.（我几乎听不见她说了什么。） 12. economic adj. 经济的 例句：The country is facing an economic crisis.（这个国家正面临经济危机。） 13. transform v. 转变；改造 例句：The city has been transformed into a modern one.（这座城市已转变为一座现代化城市。 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空） 1. The river used to be clean, but now it is seriously __________. 2. Over the past two __________, the city has changed a lot. 3. The __________ of the product is very good, so many people buy it. 4. She __________ believes what she saw because it was so amazing. 5. The government made a __________ decision to close the old factories. 【长难句分析】 第1句原句： The local government realised that they could no longer sacrifice the environment for economic growth. · 翻译： 当地政府意识到，他们不能再以牺牲环境为代价来换取经济增长。 · 重点： 这是一个主从复合句。主句为“The local government realised”，后面接 that 引导的宾语从句“they could no longer sacrifice the environment for economic growth”。no longer 意为“不再”，用于句中是正式表达。sacrifice A for B 意为“为B而牺牲A”，是一个常见搭配。 第2句原句： My grandma used to tell me that the sky here was always grey. · 翻译： 我奶奶以前总告诉我这里的天空总是灰色的。 · 重点： used to do sth. 是本单元核心语法结构，表示“过去常常做某事（但现在不再做了）”，强调过去与现在的对比。后面接 that 引导的宾语从句“the sky here was always grey”。注意 used to 后接动词原形，否定形式为 didn't use to，疑问形式为 Did... use to...?。 【中文翻译】 二十世纪九十年代，山西省临汾市以其发达的煤炭工业而闻名。空气中常常弥漫着灰色的煤尘，人们很少能看到清澈的蓝天。2004年，它被列为全球污染最严重的城市之一。对临汾市民来说，呼吸干净的空气曾经是一种奢侈品。 然而，在过去的二十年里，巨大的变化发生了。当地政府意识到，他们不能再以牺牲环境为代价来换取经济增长。他们做出了一个大胆的决定——改造这座城市。从那以后，临汾关闭了数百座落后的煤矿，并在城市周边的山上种下了一亿多棵树。政府还在市中心修建了12个新公园。 由于这些努力，空气质量有了显著改善。2025年，临汾拥有321天的优良空气质量——这是历史上最高的记录。如今，这座城市不再是灰色而是绿色。曾经被污染的河流重新变得清澈。鸟儿回到了森林。人们终于可以不用戴口罩享受户外活动了。 去年夏天，来自北京的14岁女孩李佳到临汾看望奶奶。她告诉记者：“我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。我奶奶以前总告诉我这里的天空总是灰色的。但现在，它和我家乡的天空一样蓝！” 临汾的故事告诉我们：只要人们携手为更美好的未来而努力，改变就有可能发生。 Passage B How Computers Have Changed Our Lives 导读：计算机是20世纪最重要的发明之一。在过去的五十年里，它极大地改变了我们的生活。今天，几乎每个家庭都至少有一台电脑，我们几乎每天都在使用它们。电脑让我们的生活更加便捷和丰富多彩。但事物总有两面性——电脑也带来了一些问题。阅读下文，思考科技如何改变了世界，以及我们该如何看待这些变化。 体裁：说明文　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约200词 Computers are one of the most important inventions of the 20th century. They have changed our lives greatly over the past fifty years. Today, almost every family has at least one computer at home, and we use them almost every day. In the past, people had to go to libraries to find information. They spent hours searching through books and papers. Now, with a computer, we can get almost any information we need in seconds. The Internet connects people from all over the world. We can communicate with friends and family through emails and video calls, no matter how far away they are. Computers have also changed the way we work and study. Many people now work from home using computers. Students can take online courses and learn new skills without leaving their homes. In some countries, 5G technology is even changing education in classrooms. However, computers have also brought some problems. Many people spend too much time in front of screens and ignore（忽视）the real world. Some young people become addicted（上瘾的）to computer games and online videos. Besides, personal information can be stolen through the Internet. Computers have made our life more convenient and colourful. But we should use them wisely and not let them control our lives. As the world keeps changing, we need to find a balance between technology and real life. 【重难生词】 1. invention n. 发明 例句：The telephone is a great invention.（电话是一项伟大的发明。） 2. century n. 世纪 例句：The 20th century saw many great changes.（20世纪见证了许多巨大的变化。） 3. information n. 信息 例句：We can get information from the Internet.（我们可以从互联网获取信息。） 4. communicate v. 交流；沟通 例句：We communicate with each other by email.（我们通过电子邮件互相交流。） 5. connect v. 连接 例句：The bridge connects the two cities.（这座桥连接了两个城市。） 6. online adj. & adv. 在线的；在线地 例句：I bought the book online.（我在网上买了这本书。） 7. ignore v. 忽视；不理睬 例句：Don't ignore the advice of your parents.（不要忽视你父母的建议。） 8. addicted adj. 上瘾的（be addicted to 对……上瘾） 例句：Some teenagers are addicted to computer games.（一些青少年对电脑游戏上瘾。） 9. convenient adj. 方便的 例句：It is convenient to shop online.（网购很方便。） 10. balance n. 平衡 例句：We need to find a balance between work and play.（我们需要在工作和娱乐之间找到平衡。） 11. technology n. 科技 例句：Modern technology has changed our lives.（现代科技改变了我们的生活。） 12. wisely adv. 明智地 例句：We should spend our money wisely.（我们应该明智地花钱。） 13. search v. 搜索；搜寻 例句：I spent an hour searching for my keys.（我花了一个小时找我的钥匙。） 14. steal v. 偷；窃取（stolen为过去分词） 例句：His bike was stolen last night.（他的自行车昨晚被偷了。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. We can use the Internet to __________ with friends in other countries. 2. It is very __________ to pay with a mobile phone. 3. Some people are __________ to social media and spend hours on it every day. 4. We should __________ the advice of our teachers. 5. The __________ of the computer has changed the world greatly. 【长难句分析】 第1句： Now, with a computer, we can get almost any information we need in seconds. · 翻译： 现在，有了电脑，我们可以在几秒钟内获得几乎任何我们需要的信息。 · 重点： 主句为“we can get almost any information in seconds”。with a computer 是介词短语作方式状语，表示“借助电脑”。we need 是省略了关系代词 that 的定语从句，修饰先行词 information。在定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中作宾语时（这里 need 的宾语是 information），可以省略 that/which。 第2句： But we should use them wisely and not let them control our lives. · 翻译： 但我们应该明智地使用它们，不要让它们控制我们的生活。 · 重点： let sb./sth. do sth. 是使役结构，意为“让某人/某物做某事”，后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。not let them control 是 let 的否定形式，意为“不让它们控制”。这句话表达了作者对科技使用的辩证态度——既要享受科技带来的便利，又要警惕其负面影响。 【中文翻译】 计算机是20世纪最重要的发明之一。在过去的五十年里，它们极大地改变了我们的生活。今天，几乎每个家庭都至少有一台电脑，我们几乎每天都在使用它们。 在过去，人们不得不去图书馆查找信息。他们要花几个小时翻阅书籍和文件。现在，有了电脑，我们可以在几秒钟内获得几乎任何我们需要的信息。互联网连接了世界各地的人们。我们可以通过电子邮件和视频通话与朋友和家人交流，无论他们有多远。 电脑也改变了我们工作和学习的方式。现在许多人用电脑在家工作。学生可以在线学习课程，不用离开家就能学到新技能。在一些国家，5G技术甚至在改变课堂教育。 然而，电脑也带来了一些问题。许多人在屏幕前花费太多时间，忽视了现实世界。一些年轻人对电脑游戏和在线视频上瘾。此外，个人信息也可能通过互联网被盗。 电脑让我们的生活更加便捷和丰富多彩。但我们应该明智地使用它们，不要让它们控制我们的生活。随着世界不断变化，我们需要在科技和现实生活之间找到平衡。 Passage A 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 The day I walked into Westfield High School, I felt like everyone in the hallway somehow knew I was the new kid. Three weeks earlier, my family moved across the country after my mum changed jobs. 1 a new school in the middle of the term felt like hitting reset on my whole life. At lunch that first day, I sat at a corner table pretending (假装) to be very interested in my phone while 2 searching for “how to survive being the new kid”. Teen articles kept saying the same thing—feeling worried during a school transition (过渡期) is normal. That helped a little, but it still felt 3 . The first week was awful. I got 4 looking for the chemistry class, mispronounced a teacher’s name, and accidentally walked into the wrong classroom twice. But something small started to 5 when a boy asked if I wanted to join his group in the science lab. That made the whole day easier. One thing I learned quickly is that most students don’t 6 you as much as you think. Everyone is busy worrying about their own things. Slowly, I found a way to 7 . Instead of trying to do many big things right away, I focused on simple things, like learning two classmates’ names a week and asking one question in a class. Those small wins slowly built up my confidence. By the end of the term, things looked very 8 . I joined the photography club and started hanging out with my classmates after school. Changing schools in the middle of the term was not easy, but it taught me something important about resilience (适应力) and 9 . Feeling uneasy does not last forever. If you are the new kid right now, hang in there. The hallway that feels 10 today may become the place where you begin your new stage of life. 【重点短语】 1. hit reset on one’s whole life — 给整个人生按下重启键 2. pretend to be very interested in — 假装对……很感兴趣 3. survive being the new kid — 作为新生设法适应下来 4. school transition — 学校过渡期 5. small wins — 小的成功；小胜利 6. build up one’s confidence — 逐步建立自信 7. hang in there — 坚持住 8. a new stage of life — 人生的新阶段 1．A．Starting B．Visiting C．Supporting D．Enjoying 2．A．suddenly B．excitedly C．angrily D．secretly 3．A．unwise B．unreasonable C．uncomfortable D．unimportant 4．A．lost B．beaten C．hit D．failed 5．A．return B．change C．increase D．move 6．A．push B．judge C．protect D．respect 7．A．show up B．stand out C．come back D．fit in 8．A．different B．strange C．common D．serious 9．A．honesty B．freedom C．confidence D．cooperation 10．A．familiar B．strange C．lucky D．different Passage B My hometown is a small town in the south. I have lived here 1 I was born. When I was a little kid, the town was very poor. There were few tall buildings. Most families lived in old small houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. People’s life was hard and many young men went out to 2 work in big cities. Great changes 3 since ten years ago. The local government has taken many actions. Lots of wide roads 4 . New schools and hospitals have been built. People’s living conditions have 5 a lot. Many families have their own cars. The Internet is everywhere, so 6 is much more convenient. People can shop online and talk with family members far away through short videos. We have also made great 7 in environmental protection. More trees are planted along the streets. The polluted small river is 8 clean again. Some people who once left for big cities 9 back. They find chances to start businesses in their hometown. They feel 10 with the new life here. However, the town still faces some 11 . Some old houses need repairing. And we still need more jobs for local people. Our government keeps 12 to solve these problems. I 13 some other cities, but I still love my hometown best. I believe my hometown will become 14 better in the future. I hope I can do something 15 for its development when I grow up. 【重点短语】 1. take actions — 采取行动 2. living conditions — 生活条件 3. make great progress in — 在…方面取得巨大进步 4. environmental protection — 环境保护 5. start businesses — 创业 6. feel satisfied with — 对……感到满意 7. need repairing — 需要修缮 8. keep trying to solve — 持续努力解决 1．A．for B．since C．when D．before 2．A．look for B．look after C．look up D．look through 3．A．happened B．take place C．have taken place D．were happening 4．A．appear B．appeared C．have appeared D．are appearing 5．A．changed B．fallen C．returned D．compared 6．A．suggestion B．communication C．difficulty D．pleasure 7．A．mistakes B．decisions C．progress D．warnings 8．A．becoming B．borrowing C．refusing D．inventing 9．A．come B．came C．have come D．will come 10．A．strict B．satisfied C．honest D．nervous 11．A．chances B．advantages C．problems D．successes 12．A．try B．trying C．to try D．tried 13．A．have been to B．have gone to C．went to D．go to 14．A．very B．more C．much D．quite 15．A．useful B．careful C．thankful D．painful 二、阅读理解 Passage C Chen Zhe comes from Anji County in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. When he was young, he enjoyed watching cartoons. During summer and winter holidays, he often sat on a small chair in front of the TV and waited for the cartoons to start. “That was the happiest time of my childhood,” said the 41‑year‑old. He never imagined that one day he would return to his hometown and start a business that makes use of classic cartoon heroes from the films produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. Chen runs a café called Mei@Yucun. He opened it in March, 2023 in Anji's Yucun Village. The café also sells around 100 cultural and creative things like notebooks with cartoon heroes on them. Now, Yucun is popular with visitors. But it wasn’t always as it is today. Mei@Yucun, now a modern building, was a factory in the past. In 2003, to improve the environment of the village, Zhejiang started environmentally‑friendly programmes. As its environment improved, lots of visitors came to visit the village. In 2021, the United Nations World Tourism Organization named Yucun one of the “Best Tourism Villages”. One year later, the village ran around 50 projects to encourage young people to participate in village life. Chen’s café was one of them. Chen said, “I wanted to bring coffee and cartoon heroes to the village to add colour to the countryside.” He plans to cover the outside walls of the building with cartoon heroes to make the countryside more beautiful and creative. 【重点短语】 1. make use of — 利用 2. classic cartoon heroes — 经典卡通形象 3. cultural and creative things — 文创产品 4. be popular with visitors — 受游客欢迎 5. environmentally-friendly programmes — 环保项目 6. participate in village life — 参与乡村生活 7. add colour to the countryside — 为乡村增添色彩 8. cover the outside walls with — 用……覆盖外墙 1．What can we know about Chen from the passage? ①How old is Chen?  ②Where is Chen from?  ③What is Chen’s favourite cartoon?  ④What is Chen’s favourite cartoon hero? A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 2．How does the writer show that Yucun wasn’t always as it is today? A．By using a picture. B．By telling a joke. C．By making up a story. D．By showing a fact. 3．The underlined words “participate in” probably mean “________”. A．talk about B．take part in C．look forward to D．keep clear of 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The happiest time of Chen’s childhood. B．Environmentally‑friendly programmes in Yucun. C．A cartoon café makes the countryside more beautiful. D．All kinds of coffee brought by Chen. Passage D The Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China. It is about 337,600 k㎡ in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. The dry environment makes it difficult for life there. Sandstorms often happen, and the moving sand seriously influences the lives of local people and the natural environment in this area. However, the Chinese government and people have been making great efforts to control the desert. Here are some scientific and effective ways they have used. One of the main ways is to build a tree belt around the desert. By the end of 2023, a 2,761-kilometre-long green belt had already been built around it. In 2024, the last part of the belt, 285 kilometres, was finished. It’s about 3, 046 kilometres in total. The belt acts as a strong wall against the spread of the desert. Biological ways are also widely used. For example, people grow special plants that can grow well with little water, like huyang, suosuo and so on. These plants hold the sand and reduce sandstorms. At the same time, they can also bring certain economic benefits to local people. Also, people build greenhouses to grow fruit and vegetables. In this way, they can make full use of the land in the desert area. Great changes have already taken place. The natural environment around the desert has improved greatly. The local economy has also developed quickly. The success in the control of this desert shows:as long as we have a strong will and use scientific ways, we can protect the environment and build a better future for both people and nature. 【重点短语】 1. make great efforts to — 努力做某事 2. control the desert — 治理沙漠 3. scientific and effective ways — 科学有效的方法 4. act as a strong wall against — 充当抵御……的坚固屏障 5. the spread of the desert — 沙漠的扩张 6. hold the sand — 固沙 7. bring certain economic benefits to — 为……带来一定的经济效益 8. make full use of — 充分利用 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By telling a life story. 2．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Simple. B．Convenient. C．Useful. 3．Why do people grow special plants in the desert? A．To develop local tourism. B．To provide food for animals. C．To prevent sandstorms and get economic benefits. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． Passage E For student Chen Honghan, the journey to school has changed from a treacherous 3­-hour walk to a safe thirty-­minute trip, thanks to the “cloud school bus”． Chen comes from Nizhuhe Village between Yunnan and Guizhou. For years, Chen and her classmates walked on muddy roads to reach their school high on the top of the cliffs. However, this challenging journey has now changed into a wonderful tour. They first ride a 6­-minute scenic bus and then take a lift to climb 268 metres. Next, they take a cable car (缆车) ride. After a 1­kilometre walk, they arrive at the school in just 30 minutes. The change began with the introduction of the eco-­cultural tourism (旅游业) in 2017. The project helped build a cliffside (悬崖边) lift in 2018 and a cable car in 2022. They were free for the villagers. The “cloud school bus” not only safely sends the village children to school but has also attracted many tourists to the area. This also has improved villagers’ lives, with many starting businesses like coffee shops and guest houses. What’s more, some villagers have returned to their hometowns to help with the local development. Cai Xiong once worked on the amazing project.“This tourism project is not only meant to help the villagers succeed, but also to serve as a ‘ladder to the clouds’ for the children. I hope they will climb this ladder, get experience and grow, and finally return with the skills to make their hometown even better,” he said. 【重点短语】 1. a treacherous 3-hour walk — 一段危险的3小时步行路程 2. muddy roads — 泥泞的道路 3. a challenging journey — 充满挑战的旅程 4. eco-cultural tourism — 生态文化旅游 5. a cliffside lift — 悬崖边的电梯 6. attract many tourists to the area — 吸引许多游客来到该地区 7. serve as a ‘ladder to the clouds’ — 充当“通往云端的天梯” 8. local development — 当地发展 1．What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Busy. B．Dangerous. C．Boring. D．Long. 2．What is the correct order of the students’ journey to school at present? A． B． C． D． 3．Which is NOT an advantage of the “cloud school bus”? A．It improves students’ safety during their school journey. B．It attracts a great number of tourists to visit Nizhuhe Village. C．It provides villagers with better lives and a bright future. D．It encourages villagers to leave their village for better jobs. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To describe the dangers of walking to school in mountainous areas. B．To explain how education has improved in Yunnan and Guizhou. C．To show how a tourism project changed villagers’ lives and education. D．To introduce Cai Xiong’s contributions (贡献) to building lifts and cable cars. Passage F When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (灌溉渠) and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservancy project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 【重点短语】 1. live by planting fruit trees — 靠种植果树为生 2. the production level of fruit — 水果的产量水平 3. be short of water — 缺水 4. canals and other projects — 灌溉渠及其他工程 5. shortly afterwards — 不久之后 6. a water conservancy project — 水利工程 7. increase the fruit production — 提高水果产量 8. devote oneself to — 致力于；献身于 1．What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A．they could only grow fruit trees B．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C．they had too much work D．it was not convenient to go up the hill 2．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays B．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city C．the village is a place of interest for tourists now D．there will be more fruit production in the village 3．What does the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” mean in Chinese? A．捐钱给他人 B．吸引公众注意 C．付出很多努力 D．为他人准备 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Why do people come back? B．What does a hometown mean? C．How is a village improved? D．Who are the good men? Passage G Over recent years, letter writing has been replaced by other ways of communicating. Technology has developed so fast that we now expect to be able to see people at any time and get a response immediately. It feels much more natural for us to send text messages and emails than writing letters. It is true that these modern ways of communicating have their own advantages. We can talk to people all over the world even in a few seconds. Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time and receive a reply as soon as possible. We can also correct mistakes in our e-mails before sending them. But if we make a mistake in a letter, we have to cross it out or start again. But have you ever thought about what we are losing? Yes, we are forgetting about the art of letter writing. Almost everybody would say that reading a hand-written letter from a friend is enjoyable. When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you, especially a birthday letter, there’s something very special in your heart. On the other hand, not only will the person receiving the letter benefit from a lovely envelope (信封), but also the writer himself. When we know we’re doing something that will make our friends very happy, we feel good about ourselves, too. In addition, writing a letter can improve your language skills and you can also learn some new expressions. 【重点短语】 1. be replaced by — 被……取代 2. get a response immediately — 立即得到回复 3. have their own advantages — 有自身的优势 4. receive a reply as soon as possible — 尽快收到回复 5. cross it out — 把它划掉 6. the art of letter writing — 书信写作的艺术 7. a hand-written letter — 一封手写信 8. benefit from — 从……中受益 1．What is one advantage of modern communication mentioned in the text? A．It helps to improve our handwriting. B．It allows us to correct mistakes easily. C．It makes us feel more special. D．It helps us learn new expressions. 2．According to the text, how might the writer of a letter feel? A．Worried about making mistakes. B．Happy to make his/ her friend happy. C．Stressed about spending too much time. D．Sad about the loss of communication skills. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of letter writing? A．Bringing joy to the receiver. B．Making the writer feel good. C．Helping to save a lot of time. D．Improving language skills. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Disadvantages of Modern Technology B．The Importance of Writing Letters C．The Art of Letter Writing Should Not Be Forgotten D．How to Improve Your Communication Skills Passage H 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, online shopping has become very popular in China. 1 This change has influenced not only our shopping habits but also many other parts of our lives. Ten years ago, people used to go to stores and supermarkets to buy things. 2 Now, with just a few clicks, we can order almost anything from our phones. Clothes, electronics, books, and even fresh food can be delivered to our doors within hours. The rise of online shopping has brought many changes to the delivery industry. 3 They work long hours to make sure packages arrive on time. Many deliverymen are now using bikes and electric vehicles to move faster through city traffic. 4 In the past, people carried cash or used bank cards. Now, mobile payment apps like WeChat Pay and Alipay are widely used. This makes paying safer and more convenient. Even small shops in villages now accept mobile payments. However, online shopping also has some disadvantages. Some people worry about the quality of products they buy online. 5 But with better return policies and customer reviews, these problems are being solved. As technology keeps improving, online shopping will continue to change our lives. 【重点短语】 1. with just a few clicks — 只需点几下 2. be delivered to our doors — 送货上门 3. the rise of online shopping — 网购的兴起 4. the delivery industry — 快递行业 5. make sure packages arrive on time — 确保包裹按时送达 6. payment methods — 支付方式 7. mobile payment apps — 移动支付应用 8. return policies and customer reviews — 退换货政策和顾客评价 A．Payment methods have also changed greatly. B．More and more people now buy things online. C．They had to carry heavy bags home after shopping. D．Others are concerned about the safety of online payments. E．More deliverymen are needed to send packages to customers. F．Online shopping is cheaper than shopping in stores. G．People used to write letters to order products. Passage I 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从下面所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Several hundred years ago, Shanghai was a small fishing village. People lived on fishing and farming, and most families lived in one-room houses. 1 Businessmen from other countries arrived, and people saw new buildings, like banks and hotels. Subways and buses appeared, making travel within the city easier. However, not everyone benefited. Many poor families still lived in crowded areas with no running water or electricity. After 1949, Shanghai changed rapidly. The government built wide roads and bridges, connecting different parts of the city. People saw lots of factories here. 2 In the 1990s, skyscrapers (摩天大楼) started to fill the skyline. The Oriental Pearl Radio & TV Tower, finished in 1994, became a symbol of the city’s growth. Today, Shanghai is a global city. High-speed trains carry passengers to other cities in hours, while it used to take days by train. 3 Old neighbourhoods, however, still remain. In places like Xintiandi, traditional stone houses stand next to modern shops, showing the connection between the past and the present. What makes these changes possible? 4 Workers built tunnels under rivers to connect districts. Scientists developed new ways to protect ancient buildings while building new ones. Educators taught people new skills to adapt to the changing world. Cities teach us that changes are natural. 5 As the saying goes, “You can’t step into the same river twice, but you can learn the river’s story.” 【重点短语】 1. live on fishing and farming — 以捕鱼和农耕为生 2. one-room houses — 单间房屋 3. make travel within the city easier — 使市内出行更便利 4. not everyone benefited — 并非人人都受益 5. running water or electricity — 自来水或电 6. skyscrapers started to fill the skyline — 摩天大楼开始填满天际线 7. high-speed trains — 高铁 8. respect the past while looking forward to the future — 在展望未来的同时尊重过去 A．Hard work and new technology. B．In the 1920s, things began to change. C．And many people got jobs in the factories. D．They tell us to respect the past while looking forward to the future. E．People pay with smartphones, and online shopping is part of daily life. F．Many of these old buildings are now popular places for tourists to visit. Passage J 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。 I come from a small town in China. 1 . It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses. Most people worked as farmers, and there were very few modern tools. Life was peaceful but not always easy, especially when it rained and the roads turned muddy (泥泞的). Now, thanks to China’s rapid development, my hometown has changed a lot. 2 . Streetlights line both sides of the roads. Tall apartment buildings and modern shopping malls stand where there were once empty fields. A new industrial zone (工业区) has brought in many companies. It has created thousands of job opportunities. 3 . We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology. Our schools have smart classrooms with computers and the Internet. The town centre has a new beautiful square, where people gather to exercise and relax in the evenings. The environment has also been carefully protected during the development. The government has planted thousands of trees and built several parks. A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up. 4 . These changes have brought us a more comfortable life, but we should also protect our hometown. While enjoying modern conveniences (便利的事物), we must work together to protect our environment. 5 . And I believe it will develop in an even better way. 【重点短语】 1. narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses — 狭窄的土路和老式房屋 2. turn muddy — 变得泥泞 3. thanks to China’s rapid development — 得益于中国的快速发展 4. an industrial zone — 工业区 5. job opportunities — 就业机会 6. public services — 公共服务 7. smart classrooms — 智慧教室 8. modern conveniences — 现代便利设施 A．Now people can see fish there again. B．What has improved most is public services. C．I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown. D．Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets. E．I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child. Passage K Technology has influenced the way we communicate with others. 1 But now, we’re writing e­mails. Besides, we can send greeting cards to our friends on the Internet. No postage (邮费) is needed! Sending a note to a friend can be done in a few seconds on the Internet. If our friends are also online, we can chat with them wherever we are. What’s more, we can talk to many people at a time. 1 We can use them to give calls no matter where we are. And text messaging is another effective way to communicate with others. 2 Great technology has made us feel farther and farther away from the real society. And it’s difficult for us to tell if the net friends we are talking to are really kind to us. Even worse, many young people have forgotten how to spell and write complete sentences because of the Internet and mobile phones. Some people think that we might miss something more important in our life when only paying attention to technology. 3 Don’t you think so? 【重点短语】 1. influence the way we communicate — 影响我们沟通的方式 2. chat with them wherever we are — 无论在哪里都能与他们聊天 3. talk to many people at a time — 一次和许多人交谈 4. text messaging — 短信发送 5. an effective way to communicate — 一种有效的沟通方式 6. farther and farther away from the real society — 离现实社会越来越远 7. tell if the net friends are really kind to us — 判断网友是否真的对我们友善 8. it is time for us to wake up — 是我们清醒的时候了 A．However, everything has two sides. B．Mobile phones have become very important in our life. C．In the past, people sent letters or cards to their friends. D．Maybe it is time for us to wake up. E．People are happy with the high­tech products. $ Unit 1 The Changing World话题阅读任务单 Unit 1 The Changing World 本单元围绕“变化的世界”这一主题展开，该主题与课标要求的“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“家乡和社会的变迁、历史的发展”密切相关。学生通过初一初二的学习，已掌握一般过去时的基本用法，能够描述过去发生的事情。而本单元在此基础上采用现在完成时，引导学生对比过去与现在，感知社会发展与时代变革。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会描述家乡、环境、交通、生活等多方面的变化，培养观察社会、分析变迁、辩证看待发展的能力。本单元的大问题“How do changes happen and how do they affect us?”启发学生思考变化的动因与影响，以及个人在推动积极变化中可以扮演的角色。Section A以个人家乡的变化为切入点，通过听力对话和采访等真实语境，引导学生学习描述过去与现在，掌握 used to 和一般过去时与现在完成时的核心用法。内容涵盖交通、医疗、商业和自然环境等多方面变化。Section B将视野扩展到全球合作与发展，通过阅读肯尼亚蒙内铁路等案例，分析重大工程项目如何带来深远的社会经济影响。写作部分聚焦于个人成长的变迁，培养学生用英语反思并描述自身变化的能力。本单元将语言学习与现实议题深度结合，使学生在掌握描述变化的语言技能的同时，培养其观察力、批判性思维及全球视野。 Passage A From Grey to Green: The Story of Linfen 导读：你听说过山西临汾吗？二十多年前，这里曾是全球污染最严重的城市之一。如今，它却发生了翻天覆地的变化——蓝天重现，绿树成荫。这座城市的转变告诉我们：只要下定决心，改变就有可能发生。阅读下面的文章，看看临汾是如何从“灰色”走向“绿色”的。 体裁：说明文　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约210词 In the 1990s, Linfen, a city in Shanxi Province, was famous for its heavy coal industry. The air was often grey with coal dust, and people rarely saw a clear blue sky. In 2004, it was named one of the most polluted cities in the world. For the people of Linfen, breathing clean air was once a luxury（奢侈品）. However, great changes have taken place over the past two decades. The local government realised that they could no longer sacrifice（牺牲）the environment for economic growth. They made a bold（大胆的）decision — to transform the city. Since then, Linfen has closed hundreds of outdated coal mines and planted more than 100 million trees on the hills around the city. The government also built 12 new parks in the city centre. Thanks to these efforts, the air quality has improved dramatically. In 2025, Linfen had 321 days of good air quality — the highest number in its history. Today, the city is no longer grey but green. The once-polluted rivers have become clear again. Birds have returned to the forests. People can finally enjoy outdoor activities without wearing masks. Last summer, 14-year-old Li Jia from Beijing visited her grandmother in Linfen. She told a reporter, “I could hardly believe my eyes. My grandma used to tell me that the sky here was always grey. But now, it’s as blue as the sky in my hometown!” Linfen’s story shows that change is possible when people work together for a better future. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【重难生词】 1. polluted adj. 被污染的 例句：The river is seriously polluted.（这条河被严重污染了。） 2. luxury n. 奢侈品；奢华 例句：For poor families, a computer is a luxury.（对贫困家庭来说，电脑是一种奢侈品。） 3. decade n. 十年 例句：Great changes have taken place over the past two decades.（在过去的二十年里发生了巨大的变化。） 4. sacrifice v. 牺牲 例句：We should not sacrifice health for money.（我们不应该为钱牺牲健康。） 5. bold adj. 大胆的 例句：He made a bold decision to start his own business.（他做了一个大胆的决定，自己创业。） 6. transform v. 改造；转变 例句：The new government wants to transform the country.（新政府想要改造这个国家。） 7. outdated adj. 过时的；落后的 例句：These machines are outdated and need to be replaced.（这些机器过时了，需要更换。） 8. quality n. 质量 例句：The quality of the air has improved a lot.（空气质量改善了很多。） 9. dramatically adv. 显著地；剧烈地 例句：The price of houses has increased dramatically.（房价大幅上涨了。） 10. mask n. 口罩 例句：People wear masks to protect themselves from the dust.（人们戴口罩来防尘。） 11. hardly adv. 几乎不 例句：I could hardly hear what she said.（我几乎听不见她说了什么。） 12. economic adj. 经济的 例句：The country is facing an economic crisis.（这个国家正面临经济危机。） 13. transform v. 转变；改造 例句：The city has been transformed into a modern one.（这座城市已转变为一座现代化城市。 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空） 1. The river used to be clean, but now it is seriously __________. 2. Over the past two __________, the city has changed a lot. 3. The __________ of the product is very good, so many people buy it. 4. She __________ believes what she saw because it was so amazing. 5. The government made a __________ decision to close the old factories. 参考答案：1. polluted　2. decades　3. quality　4. hardly　5. bold 【长难句分析】 第1句原句： The local government realised that they could no longer sacrifice the environment for economic growth. · 翻译： 当地政府意识到，他们不能再以牺牲环境为代价来换取经济增长。 · 重点： 这是一个主从复合句。主句为“The local government realised”，后面接 that 引导的宾语从句“they could no longer sacrifice the environment for economic growth”。no longer 意为“不再”，用于句中是正式表达。sacrifice A for B 意为“为B而牺牲A”，是一个常见搭配。 第2句原句： My grandma used to tell me that the sky here was always grey. · 翻译： 我奶奶以前总告诉我这里的天空总是灰色的。 · 重点： used to do sth. 是本单元核心语法结构，表示“过去常常做某事（但现在不再做了）”，强调过去与现在的对比。后面接 that 引导的宾语从句“the sky here was always grey”。注意 used to 后接动词原形，否定形式为 didn't use to，疑问形式为 Did... use to...?。 【中文翻译】 二十世纪九十年代，山西省临汾市以其发达的煤炭工业而闻名。空气中常常弥漫着灰色的煤尘，人们很少能看到清澈的蓝天。2004年，它被列为全球污染最严重的城市之一。对临汾市民来说，呼吸干净的空气曾经是一种奢侈品。 然而，在过去的二十年里，巨大的变化发生了。当地政府意识到，他们不能再以牺牲环境为代价来换取经济增长。他们做出了一个大胆的决定——改造这座城市。从那以后，临汾关闭了数百座落后的煤矿，并在城市周边的山上种下了一亿多棵树。政府还在市中心修建了12个新公园。 由于这些努力，空气质量有了显著改善。2025年，临汾拥有321天的优良空气质量——这是历史上最高的记录。如今，这座城市不再是灰色而是绿色。曾经被污染的河流重新变得清澈。鸟儿回到了森林。人们终于可以不用戴口罩享受户外活动了。 去年夏天，来自北京的14岁女孩李佳到临汾看望奶奶。她告诉记者：“我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。我奶奶以前总告诉我这里的天空总是灰色的。但现在，它和我家乡的天空一样蓝！” 临汾的故事告诉我们：只要人们携手为更美好的未来而努力，改变就有可能发生。 Passage B How Computers Have Changed Our Lives 导读：计算机是20世纪最重要的发明之一。在过去的五十年里，它极大地改变了我们的生活。今天，几乎每个家庭都至少有一台电脑，我们几乎每天都在使用它们。电脑让我们的生活更加便捷和丰富多彩。但事物总有两面性——电脑也带来了一些问题。阅读下文，思考科技如何改变了世界，以及我们该如何看待这些变化。 体裁：说明文　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约200词 Computers are one of the most important inventions of the 20th century. They have changed our lives greatly over the past fifty years. Today, almost every family has at least one computer at home, and we use them almost every day. In the past, people had to go to libraries to find information. They spent hours searching through books and papers. Now, with a computer, we can get almost any information we need in seconds. The Internet connects people from all over the world. We can communicate with friends and family through emails and video calls, no matter how far away they are. Computers have also changed the way we work and study. Many people now work from home using computers. Students can take online courses and learn new skills without leaving their homes. In some countries, 5G technology is even changing education in classrooms. However, computers have also brought some problems. Many people spend too much time in front of screens and ignore（忽视）the real world. Some young people become addicted（上瘾的）to computer games and online videos. Besides, personal information can be stolen through the Internet. Computers have made our life more convenient and colourful. But we should use them wisely and not let them control our lives. As the world keeps changing, we need to find a balance between technology and real life. 【重难生词】 1. invention n. 发明 例句：The telephone is a great invention.（电话是一项伟大的发明。） 2. century n. 世纪 例句：The 20th century saw many great changes.（20世纪见证了许多巨大的变化。） 3. information n. 信息 例句：We can get information from the Internet.（我们可以从互联网获取信息。） 4. communicate v. 交流；沟通 例句：We communicate with each other by email.（我们通过电子邮件互相交流。） 5. connect v. 连接 例句：The bridge connects the two cities.（这座桥连接了两个城市。） 6. online adj. & adv. 在线的；在线地 例句：I bought the book online.（我在网上买了这本书。） 7. ignore v. 忽视；不理睬 例句：Don't ignore the advice of your parents.（不要忽视你父母的建议。） 8. addicted adj. 上瘾的（be addicted to 对……上瘾） 例句：Some teenagers are addicted to computer games.（一些青少年对电脑游戏上瘾。） 9. convenient adj. 方便的 例句：It is convenient to shop online.（网购很方便。） 10. balance n. 平衡 例句：We need to find a balance between work and play.（我们需要在工作和娱乐之间找到平衡。） 11. technology n. 科技 例句：Modern technology has changed our lives.（现代科技改变了我们的生活。） 12. wisely adv. 明智地 例句：We should spend our money wisely.（我们应该明智地花钱。） 13. search v. 搜索；搜寻 例句：I spent an hour searching for my keys.（我花了一个小时找我的钥匙。） 14. steal v. 偷；窃取（stolen为过去分词） 例句：His bike was stolen last night.（他的自行车昨晚被偷了。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. We can use the Internet to __________ with friends in other countries. 2. It is very __________ to pay with a mobile phone. 3. Some people are __________ to social media and spend hours on it every day. 4. We should __________ the advice of our teachers. 5. The __________ of the computer has changed the world greatly. 参考答案：1. communicate　2. convenient3. addicted　4. follow/listen to 【长难句分析】 第1句： Now, with a computer, we can get almost any information we need in seconds. · 翻译： 现在，有了电脑，我们可以在几秒钟内获得几乎任何我们需要的信息。 · 重点： 主句为“we can get almost any information in seconds”。with a computer 是介词短语作方式状语，表示“借助电脑”。we need 是省略了关系代词 that 的定语从句，修饰先行词 information。在定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中作宾语时（这里 need 的宾语是 information），可以省略 that/which。 第2句： But we should use them wisely and not let them control our lives. · 翻译： 但我们应该明智地使用它们，不要让它们控制我们的生活。 · 重点： let sb./sth. do sth. 是使役结构，意为“让某人/某物做某事”，后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。not let them control 是 let 的否定形式，意为“不让它们控制”。这句话表达了作者对科技使用的辩证态度——既要享受科技带来的便利，又要警惕其负面影响。 【中文翻译】 计算机是20世纪最重要的发明之一。在过去的五十年里，它们极大地改变了我们的生活。今天，几乎每个家庭都至少有一台电脑，我们几乎每天都在使用它们。 在过去，人们不得不去图书馆查找信息。他们要花几个小时翻阅书籍和文件。现在，有了电脑，我们可以在几秒钟内获得几乎任何我们需要的信息。互联网连接了世界各地的人们。我们可以通过电子邮件和视频通话与朋友和家人交流，无论他们有多远。 电脑也改变了我们工作和学习的方式。现在许多人用电脑在家工作。学生可以在线学习课程，不用离开家就能学到新技能。在一些国家，5G技术甚至在改变课堂教育。 然而，电脑也带来了一些问题。许多人在屏幕前花费太多时间，忽视了现实世界。一些年轻人对电脑游戏和在线视频上瘾。此外，个人信息也可能通过互联网被盗。 电脑让我们的生活更加便捷和丰富多彩。但我们应该明智地使用它们，不要让它们控制我们的生活。随着世界不断变化，我们需要在科技和现实生活之间找到平衡。 Passage A 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 The day I walked into Westfield High School, I felt like everyone in the hallway somehow knew I was the new kid. Three weeks earlier, my family moved across the country after my mum changed jobs. 1 a new school in the middle of the term felt like hitting reset on my whole life. At lunch that first day, I sat at a corner table pretending (假装) to be very interested in my phone while 2 searching for “how to survive being the new kid”. Teen articles kept saying the same thing—feeling worried during a school transition (过渡期) is normal. That helped a little, but it still felt 3 . The first week was awful. I got 4 looking for the chemistry class, mispronounced a teacher’s name, and accidentally walked into the wrong classroom twice. But something small started to 5 when a boy asked if I wanted to join his group in the science lab. That made the whole day easier. One thing I learned quickly is that most students don’t 6 you as much as you think. Everyone is busy worrying about their own things. Slowly, I found a way to 7 . Instead of trying to do many big things right away, I focused on simple things, like learning two classmates’ names a week and asking one question in a class. Those small wins slowly built up my confidence. By the end of the term, things looked very 8 . I joined the photography club and started hanging out with my classmates after school. Changing schools in the middle of the term was not easy, but it taught me something important about resilience (适应力) and 9 . Feeling uneasy does not last forever. If you are the new kid right now, hang in there. The hallway that feels 10 today may become the place where you begin your new stage of life. 【重点短语】 1. hit reset on one’s whole life — 给整个人生按下重启键 2. pretend to be very interested in — 假装对……很感兴趣 3. survive being the new kid — 作为新生设法适应下来 4. school transition — 学校过渡期 5. small wins — 小的成功；小胜利 6. build up one’s confidence — 逐步建立自信 7. hang in there — 坚持住 8. a new stage of life — 人生的新阶段 1．A．Starting B．Visiting C．Supporting D．Enjoying 2．A．suddenly B．excitedly C．angrily D．secretly 3．A．unwise B．unreasonable C．uncomfortable D．unimportant 4．A．lost B．beaten C．hit D．failed 5．A．return B．change C．increase D．move 6．A．push B．judge C．protect D．respect 7．A．show up B．stand out C．come back D．fit in 8．A．different B．strange C．common D．serious 9．A．honesty B．freedom C．confidence D．cooperation 10．A．familiar B．strange C．lucky D．different 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者作为转校生，在学期中途来到新学校的经历。起初感到不安，但通过从小事做起，逐渐融入了新环境，建立了自信，并明白了适应力的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：在学期中途开始一所新学校感觉就像是我整个人生按下了重启键。 根据上文，“my family moved across the country”和“I was the new kid”表明作者是开始就读新学校。Starting表示开启（新学校生活），符合转学的背景。Visiting“参观”、Supporting“支持”以及Enjoying“享受”均和转学当新生的语境不符。 1．句意：第一天吃午饭时，我坐在角落的桌子旁，假装对手机很感兴趣，同时偷偷地搜索“如何作为新来的孩子生存下来”。 “pretending to be very interested in my phone”（假装对手机很感兴趣）说明作者不想让别人看见自己在搜索，是偷偷地查资料，secretly“秘密地，偷偷地”契合语境。suddenly“突然”、excitedly“兴奋地”以及angrily“生气地”不符合作者忐忑伪装的状态。 2．句意：那有一点帮助，但仍然感觉很不舒服。 根据上文，“feeling worried during a school transition is normal”以及转折连词“but”表明虽然文章说正常，但作者自己心里还是觉得“不舒服/不安”。uncomfortable“不舒服的”符合内心感受。unwise“不明智”、unreasonable“不合理”以及unimportant‘不重要“不能描写新生内心的感受。 3．句意：我找化学教室时迷路了，读错了一位老师的名字，还两次不小心走错了教室。 “looking for the chemistry class”和“walked into the wrong classroom twice”表明作者在找教室时“迷路”了。get lost是固定搭配，意为“迷路”。 4．句意：但是当一个男孩问我是否想加入他在科学实验室的小组时，一些小事开始发生改变。 前文写第一周一切很糟，此处发生转折，一件小事让情况发生改变，change“改变”符合转折逻辑。return“返回”、increase“增加”以及move“移动”均不符合语境。 5．句意：我很快学到的一件事是，大多数学生并不像你想象的那样评判你。 根据下文，“Everyone is busy worrying about their own things.”表明每个人都忙于自己的事情，没空去“评判”你，应用judge。push“推”、protect“保护”以及respect“尊重”均不符合语境。 6．句意：慢慢地，我找到了融入的方法。 根据下文，“I focused on simple things, like learning two classmates’ names a week...”表明作者在努力“融入”新环境，应用fit in。show up“到场露面”、stand out“突出显眼”以及come back“回来”均不符合语境。 7．句意：到学期末，情况看起来大不相同了。 根据下文，“I joined the photography club and started hanging out with my classmates after school.”表明与刚开始的糟糕情况相比，现在情况变得“不同”了，应用different。strange“陌生的”、common“普通的”以及serious“严肃”不能体现前后处境对比。 8．句意：在学期中途转学并不容易，但它教会了我关于适应力和自信的重要一课。 根据上文，“Those small wins slowly built up my confidence.”表明这段经历教会了作者适应力和“自信”，应用confidence。honesty“诚实”、freedom“自由”以及cooperation “合作”均不符合语境。 9．句意：今天感觉陌生的走廊可能会成为你开始人生新阶段的地方。 根据上文，“The day I walked into Westfield High School, I felt like everyone in the hallway somehow knew I was the new kid.”以及“If you are the new kid right now, hang in there.”表明对于新生来说，刚开始走廊感觉是“陌生的”，应用strange。familiar“熟悉的”、lucky“幸运的”、different“不同的”均不符合语境。 Passage B My hometown is a small town in the south. I have lived here 1 I was born. When I was a little kid, the town was very poor. There were few tall buildings. Most families lived in old small houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. People’s life was hard and many young men went out to 2 work in big cities. Great changes 3 since ten years ago. The local government has taken many actions. Lots of wide roads 4 . New schools and hospitals have been built. People’s living conditions have 5 a lot. Many families have their own cars. The Internet is everywhere, so 6 is much more convenient. People can shop online and talk with family members far away through short videos. We have also made great 7 in environmental protection. More trees are planted along the streets. The polluted small river is 8 clean again. Some people who once left for big cities 9 back. They find chances to start businesses in their hometown. They feel 10 with the new life here. However, the town still faces some 11 . Some old houses need repairing. And we still need more jobs for local people. Our government keeps 12 to solve these problems. I 13 some other cities, but I still love my hometown best. I believe my hometown will become 14 better in the future. I hope I can do something 15 for its development when I grow up. 【重点短语】 1. take actions — 采取行动 2. living conditions — 生活条件 3. make great progress in — 在…方面取得巨大进步 4. environmental protection — 环境保护 5. start businesses — 创业 6. feel satisfied with — 对……感到满意 7. need repairing — 需要修缮 8. keep trying to solve — 持续努力解决 1．A．for B．since C．when D．before 2．A．look for B．look after C．look up D．look through 3．A．happened B．take place C．have taken place D．were happening 4．A．appear B．appeared C．have appeared D．are appearing 5．A．changed B．fallen C．returned D．compared 6．A．suggestion B．communication C．difficulty D．pleasure 7．A．mistakes B．decisions C．progress D．warnings 8．A．becoming B．borrowing C．refusing D．inventing 9．A．come B．came C．have come D．will come 10．A．strict B．satisfied C．honest D．nervous 11．A．chances B．advantages C．problems D．successes 12．A．try B．trying C．to try D．tried 13．A．have been to B．have gone to C．went to D．go to 14．A．very B．more C．much D．quite 15．A．useful B．careful C．thankful D．painful 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了作者家乡小镇过去贫穷落后的面貌、十年以来发生的巨大变化、现存的一些问题以及作者对家乡未来的美好期盼。 【详解】11．句意：我从出生起就住在这里。 根据“have lived”及“I was born”可知，主句为现在完成时，“since+过去时间点”是现在完成时的标志。for后接时间段，when“当……时候”，before“在……之前”均不符合语境。 1．句意：人们的生活很艰苦，很多年轻人外出到大城市找工作。 根据“work in big cities”可知，外出是为了寻找工作，look for“寻找”符合语境。look after“照顾”，look up“查阅”，look through“浏览”均不符合语境。 2．句意：自从十年前以来发生了巨大变化。 “since ten years ago”为现在完成时标志，要用have/has+过去分词，have taken place表示“已经发生”，时态正确。 3．句意：许多宽阔的道路出现了。 根据上下文语境可知，文章讲述十年以来家乡产生的变化，强调过去动作对现在造成的结果，使用现在完成时have appeared。 4．句意：人们的生活条件改变了很多。 根据上文描述的巨大变化可知，生活条件发生了改变，change“改变”符合语境。fall“落下”，return“返回”，compare“比较”均不符合语境。 5．句意：互联网无处不在，所以交流更方便了。 根据“talk with family members”可知，指沟通交流更方便，communication“交流”符合语境。suggestion“建议”，difficulty“困难”，pleasure“乐趣”均不符合语境。 6．句意：我们在环境保护方面也取得了巨大进步。 后文提到街道种了更多树木、污染的小河重新变干净，这些都是环境治理取得的成果，固定短语make great progress意为“取得巨大进步”。mistake“错误”，decision“决定”，warning“警告”均不搭配。 7．句意：污染的小河正再次变得干净。 根据“clean again”可知，指河流状态变得干净，be becoming clean表示“正变得干净”，契合河水治理后的变化。borrow“借”，refuse“拒绝”，invent“发明”均不符合语境。 8．句意：一些曾经去大城市的人已经回来了。 根据“They find chances…”可知，强调“回来”这件事带来的现在的结果，要用现在完成时have come。 9．句意：他们对这里的新生活感到满意。 前文讲到外出务工的人回到家乡创业，家乡环境、生活条件都已经变好。固定搭配feel satisfied with表示“对……满意”，符合上下文情感逻辑。 10．句意：然而，城镇仍面临一些问题。 根据“However”及“old houses need repairing”可知，此处指存在的问题，problems“问题”符合语境。chance“机会”，advantage“优点”，success“成功”与however转折含义矛盾。 11．句意：我们的政府一直在努力解决这些问题。 keep在本句表达“持续不断、一直做某事”，其后需要接动作‑ing形式，表示动作长时间延续，trying（动名词）符合政府长久推进问题治理的含义。 12．句意：我已经参观过一些别的城市，但是我仍然最爱我的家乡。 根据“but I still love my hometown best”说明“我”现在已经回到家乡，have been to“去过某地”，人已经返回出发点，和“如今在家乡”的现状吻合。have gone to“去了”，还未回来，went to“去”，一般过去时，go to“去”，一般现在时，均不符合。 13．句意：我相信家乡未来会变得更好。 better是good的比较级，much可修饰比较级better，体现家乡未来会比现在好很多。very/quite修饰原级，more本身用来构成比较级，不能再去修饰另一个比较级better。 14．句意：希望长大后能为发展做些有用的事。 根据“for its development”可知，指做有益有用的事情，useful“有用的”符合语境。careful“细心的”，thankful“感激的”，painful“痛苦的”均不符合语境。 二、阅读理解 Passage C Chen Zhe comes from Anji County in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. When he was young, he enjoyed watching cartoons. During summer and winter holidays, he often sat on a small chair in front of the TV and waited for the cartoons to start. “That was the happiest time of my childhood,” said the 41‑year‑old. He never imagined that one day he would return to his hometown and start a business that makes use of classic cartoon heroes from the films produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. Chen runs a café called Mei@Yucun. He opened it in March, 2023 in Anji's Yucun Village. The café also sells around 100 cultural and creative things like notebooks with cartoon heroes on them. Now, Yucun is popular with visitors. But it wasn’t always as it is today. Mei@Yucun, now a modern building, was a factory in the past. In 2003, to improve the environment of the village, Zhejiang started environmentally‑friendly programmes. As its environment improved, lots of visitors came to visit the village. In 2021, the United Nations World Tourism Organization named Yucun one of the “Best Tourism Villages”. One year later, the village ran around 50 projects to encourage young people to participate in village life. Chen’s café was one of them. Chen said, “I wanted to bring coffee and cartoon heroes to the village to add colour to the countryside.” He plans to cover the outside walls of the building with cartoon heroes to make the countryside more beautiful and creative. 【重点短语】 1. make use of — 利用 2. classic cartoon heroes — 经典卡通形象 3. cultural and creative things — 文创产品 4. be popular with visitors — 受游客欢迎 5. environmentally-friendly programmes — 环保项目 6. participate in village life — 参与乡村生活 7. add colour to the countryside — 为乡村增添色彩 8. cover the outside walls with — 用……覆盖外墙 1．What can we know about Chen from the passage? ①How old is Chen?  ②Where is Chen from?  ③What is Chen’s favourite cartoon?  ④What is Chen’s favourite cartoon hero? A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 2．How does the writer show that Yucun wasn’t always as it is today? A．By using a picture. B．By telling a joke. C．By making up a story. D．By showing a fact. 3．The underlined words “participate in” probably mean “________”. A．talk about B．take part in C．look forward to D．keep clear of 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The happiest time of Chen’s childhood. B．Environmentally‑friendly programmes in Yucun. C．A cartoon café makes the countryside more beautiful. D．All kinds of coffee brought by Chen. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了陈喆回到家乡浙江安吉余村，利用经典卡通形象开设咖啡馆，参与乡村建设并使乡村更美好的故事。 【详解】26．根据文章第二段“said the 41‑year‑old.”和第一段“Chen Zhe comes from Anji County…”可知，文中明确提到了陈喆的年龄和家乡，未提及最喜欢的卡通片或英雄，①②符合文意。 1．根据文章第三段“But it wasn’t always as it is today. Mei@Yucun, now a modern building, was a factory in the past.”可知，作者通过陈述咖啡馆过去是工厂这一事实来展示余村的变化。 2．根据文章第四段“...encourage young people to participate in village life. Chen’s café was one of them.”可知，该项目鼓励年轻人加入乡村生活，“participate in”意为“参与”，与“take part in”同义。 3．通读全文，根据文章第四段“I wanted to bring coffee and cartoon heroes to the village to add colour to the countryside.”可知，文章主要围绕陈喆用卡通咖啡馆美化乡村展开。 Passage D The Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China. It is about 337,600 k㎡ in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. The dry environment makes it difficult for life there. Sandstorms often happen, and the moving sand seriously influences the lives of local people and the natural environment in this area. However, the Chinese government and people have been making great efforts to control the desert. Here are some scientific and effective ways they have used. One of the main ways is to build a tree belt around the desert. By the end of 2023, a 2,761-kilometre-long green belt had already been built around it. In 2024, the last part of the belt, 285 kilometres, was finished. It’s about 3, 046 kilometres in total. The belt acts as a strong wall against the spread of the desert. Biological ways are also widely used. For example, people grow special plants that can grow well with little water, like huyang, suosuo and so on. These plants hold the sand and reduce sandstorms. At the same time, they can also bring certain economic benefits to local people. Also, people build greenhouses to grow fruit and vegetables. In this way, they can make full use of the land in the desert area. Great changes have already taken place. The natural environment around the desert has improved greatly. The local economy has also developed quickly. The success in the control of this desert shows:as long as we have a strong will and use scientific ways, we can protect the environment and build a better future for both people and nature. 【重点短语】 1. make great efforts to — 努力做某事 2. control the desert — 治理沙漠 3. scientific and effective ways — 科学有效的方法 4. act as a strong wall against — 充当抵御……的坚固屏障 5. the spread of the desert — 沙漠的扩张 6. hold the sand — 固沙 7. bring certain economic benefits to — 为……带来一定的经济效益 8. make full use of — 充分利用 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By telling a life story. 2．What does the underlined word “effective” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Simple. B．Convenient. C．Useful. 3．Why do people grow special plants in the desert? A．To develop local tourism. B．To provide food for animals. C．To prevent sandstorms and get economic benefits. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍塔克拉玛干沙漠是中国最大的沙漠，面积约33.76万平方公里。中国政府采取了科学有效的治沙方法：在沙漠周围建造绿色防护林，种植胡杨、梭梭等耐旱植物固沙并带来经济效益，还建造温室种植果蔬。沙漠周边自然环境已极大改善，当地经济也快速发展，证明了只要有坚强意志和科学方法，就能保护环境、共建人与自然的美好未来。 【详解】30．第一段中通过列举“It is about 337,600 km² in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.”、“The dry environment makes it difficult for life there.”、“Sandstorms often happen, and the moving sand seriously influences the lives of local people and the natural environment in this area.”等一系列事实，来介绍塔克拉玛干沙漠的信息，选项A正确。 1．第一段中提到“Here are some scientific and effective ways”，后文介绍了建造绿色防护林、种植耐旱植物等方法，这些方法都是“有用的/有效的”，选项C“Useful”正确。 2．第三段中提到“These plants hold the sand and reduce sandstorms. At the same time, they can also bring certain economic benefits to local people.”，可知种植特殊植物是为了防沙固沙并获得经济效益，选项C正确。 3．文章结构：第①段总起 (介绍塔克拉玛干沙漠和治沙方法)，第②-④段分述 (绿色防护林、生物方法、温室种植)，第⑤段总结 (环境改善和经济发展的成果)。这是“总-分-总”结构。故选项A正确。 Passage E For student Chen Honghan, the journey to school has changed from a treacherous 3­-hour walk to a safe thirty-­minute trip, thanks to the “cloud school bus”． Chen comes from Nizhuhe Village between Yunnan and Guizhou. For years, Chen and her classmates walked on muddy roads to reach their school high on the top of the cliffs. However, this challenging journey has now changed into a wonderful tour. They first ride a 6­-minute scenic bus and then take a lift to climb 268 metres. Next, they take a cable car (缆车) ride. After a 1­kilometre walk, they arrive at the school in just 30 minutes. The change began with the introduction of the eco-­cultural tourism (旅游业) in 2017. The project helped build a cliffside (悬崖边) lift in 2018 and a cable car in 2022. They were free for the villagers. The “cloud school bus” not only safely sends the village children to school but has also attracted many tourists to the area. This also has improved villagers’ lives, with many starting businesses like coffee shops and guest houses. What’s more, some villagers have returned to their hometowns to help with the local development. Cai Xiong once worked on the amazing project.“This tourism project is not only meant to help the villagers succeed, but also to serve as a ‘ladder to the clouds’ for the children. I hope they will climb this ladder, get experience and grow, and finally return with the skills to make their hometown even better,” he said. 【重点短语】 1. a treacherous 3-hour walk — 一段危险的3小时步行路程 2. muddy roads — 泥泞的道路 3. a challenging journey — 充满挑战的旅程 4. eco-cultural tourism — 生态文化旅游 5. a cliffside lift — 悬崖边的电梯 6. attract many tourists to the area — 吸引许多游客来到该地区 7. serve as a ‘ladder to the clouds’ — 充当“通往云端的天梯” 8. local development — 当地发展 1．What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Busy. B．Dangerous. C．Boring. D．Long. 2．What is the correct order of the students’ journey to school at present? A． B． C． D． 3．Which is NOT an advantage of the “cloud school bus”? A．It improves students’ safety during their school journey. B．It attracts a great number of tourists to visit Nizhuhe Village. C．It provides villagers with better lives and a bright future. D．It encourages villagers to leave their village for better jobs. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To describe the dangers of walking to school in mountainous areas. B．To explain how education has improved in Yunnan and Guizhou. C．To show how a tourism project changed villagers’ lives and education. D．To introduce Cai Xiong’s contributions (贡献) to building lifts and cable cars. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍云端校车项目，讲述旅游工程改变当地孩子上学路途、带动乡村发展的故事。 【详解】34．根据第一段中“the journey to school has changed from a treacherous 3‑hour walk to a safe thirty‑minute trip”可知，后文单词safe（安全的）与treacherous形成对比，因此treacherous意为“危险的”。 1．根据第三段中“They first ride a 6‑minute scenic bus and then take a lift to climb 268‑metres. Next, they take a cable car ride. After a 1 kilometre walk”可知，出行顺序为：大巴→电梯→缆车→步行，对应B选项图示。 2．根据第五段中“some villagers have returned to their hometowns”可知，项目吸引外出村民回乡建设，而非鼓励村民外出务工；其余选项均为项目带来的好处。 3．全文围绕文旅项目，既改善孩子们危险的上学路程，也带动当地旅游业、改善村民生活，所以主旨是展示旅游项目如何改变村民生活与当地教育，对应C选项。 Passage F When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (灌溉渠) and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservancy project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 【重点短语】 1. live by planting fruit trees — 靠种植果树为生 2. the production level of fruit — 水果的产量水平 3. be short of water — 缺水 4. canals and other projects — 灌溉渠及其他工程 5. shortly afterwards — 不久之后 6. a water conservancy project — 水利工程 7. increase the fruit production — 提高水果产量 8. devote oneself to — 致力于；献身于 1．What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A．they could only grow fruit trees B．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C．they had too much work D．it was not convenient to go up the hill 2．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays B．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city C．the village is a place of interest for tourists now D．there will be more fruit production in the village 3．What does the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” mean in Chinese? A．捐钱给他人 B．吸引公众注意 C．付出很多努力 D．为他人准备 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Why do people come back? B．What does a hometown mean? C．How is a village improved? D．Who are the good men? 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆小时候家乡果园缺水导致水果产量低，后来政府修建灌溉渠等水利工程，家乡面貌和水果生产得到改善，表达对家乡的怀念和对建设者的感谢。 【详解】38．第一段明确提到“Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there”，可知村民最困扰的是果园缺水。 1．第四段提到“a policy was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water”，可推断村庄水果产量会增加。 2．“devoted themselves to”意为“致力于、奉献于”，结合上下文，这些政府人员为乡村发展修建水渠等项目，付出了辛勤努力，因此中文意思最接近“付出很多努力”。 3．本文核心是家乡如何通过水利工程和政策得到改善，标题“How is a village improved?”最能概括主旨。 Passage G Over recent years, letter writing has been replaced by other ways of communicating. Technology has developed so fast that we now expect to be able to see people at any time and get a response immediately. It feels much more natural for us to send text messages and emails than writing letters. It is true that these modern ways of communicating have their own advantages. We can talk to people all over the world even in a few seconds. Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time and receive a reply as soon as possible. We can also correct mistakes in our e-mails before sending them. But if we make a mistake in a letter, we have to cross it out or start again. But have you ever thought about what we are losing? Yes, we are forgetting about the art of letter writing. Almost everybody would say that reading a hand-written letter from a friend is enjoyable. When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you, especially a birthday letter, there’s something very special in your heart. On the other hand, not only will the person receiving the letter benefit from a lovely envelope (信封), but also the writer himself. When we know we’re doing something that will make our friends very happy, we feel good about ourselves, too. In addition, writing a letter can improve your language skills and you can also learn some new expressions. 【重点短语】 1. be replaced by — 被……取代 2. get a response immediately — 立即得到回复 3. have their own advantages — 有自身的优势 4. receive a reply as soon as possible — 尽快收到回复 5. cross it out — 把它划掉 6. the art of letter writing — 书信写作的艺术 7. a hand-written letter — 一封手写信 8. benefit from — 从……中受益 1．What is one advantage of modern communication mentioned in the text? A．It helps to improve our handwriting. B．It allows us to correct mistakes easily. C．It makes us feel more special. D．It helps us learn new expressions. 2．According to the text, how might the writer of a letter feel? A．Worried about making mistakes. B．Happy to make his/ her friend happy. C．Stressed about spending too much time. D．Sad about the loss of communication skills. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of letter writing? A．Bringing joy to the receiver. B．Making the writer feel good. C．Helping to save a lot of time. D．Improving language skills. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Disadvantages of Modern Technology B．The Importance of Writing Letters C．The Art of Letter Writing Should Not Be Forgotten D．How to Improve Your Communication Skills 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了随着科技发展，书信写作被短信和电子邮件等现代通讯方式取代的现象，虽然现代通讯有其便利之处，但书信写作所带来的情感价值和艺术性是不应被遗忘的。 【详解】42．第二段指出“We can also correct mistakes in our e-mails before sending them.”，说明现代通讯方式的优势之一是可以轻松纠正错误。 1．第五段指出“When we know we’re doing something that will make our friends very happy, we feel good about ourselves, too.”，说明写信的人会因为让朋友开心而感到快乐。 2．第二段指出“Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time”是现代通讯方式的优势，而非写信的好处。写信的好处包括给收信人带来快乐（第四段）、让写信人感觉良好（第五段）和提高语言技能（第六段），因此C项“节省时间”不是写信的好处。 3．文章首先指出书信写作被现代科技取代，随后承认现代通讯的优势，但第三段转折提出“我们正在忘记书信写作这门艺术”，随后几段详细阐述了书信写作带来的独特益处，因此文章旨在呼吁人们不要忘记书信写作这门艺术。 Passage H 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, online shopping has become very popular in China. 1 This change has influenced not only our shopping habits but also many other parts of our lives. Ten years ago, people used to go to stores and supermarkets to buy things. 2 Now, with just a few clicks, we can order almost anything from our phones. Clothes, electronics, books, and even fresh food can be delivered to our doors within hours. The rise of online shopping has brought many changes to the delivery industry. 3 They work long hours to make sure packages arrive on time. Many deliverymen are now using bikes and electric vehicles to move faster through city traffic. 4 In the past, people carried cash or used bank cards. Now, mobile payment apps like WeChat Pay and Alipay are widely used. This makes paying safer and more convenient. Even small shops in villages now accept mobile payments. However, online shopping also has some disadvantages. Some people worry about the quality of products they buy online. 5 But with better return policies and customer reviews, these problems are being solved. As technology keeps improving, online shopping will continue to change our lives. 【重点短语】 1. with just a few clicks — 只需点几下 2. be delivered to our doors — 送货上门 3. the rise of online shopping — 网购的兴起 4. the delivery industry — 快递行业 5. make sure packages arrive on time — 确保包裹按时送达 6. payment methods — 支付方式 7. mobile payment apps — 移动支付应用 8. return policies and customer reviews — 退换货政策和顾客评价 A．Payment methods have also changed greatly. B．More and more people now buy things online. C．They had to carry heavy bags home after shopping. D．Others are concerned about the safety of online payments. E．More deliverymen are needed to send packages to customers. F．Online shopping is cheaper than shopping in stores. G．People used to write letters to order products. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了近年来网购在中国的流行趋势，以及它对购物习惯、配送行业、支付方式等方面带来的影响，同时也简要提到了网购存在的缺点及解决措施。 【详解】46．根据第一段“In recent years, online shopping has become very popular in China.”，及后文“This change has influenced not only our shopping habits but also many other parts of our lives.”，近年来，网上购物在中国变得非常流行。这一变化不仅影响了我们的购物习惯，也影响到我们生活的诸多其他方面。可推知此处应进一步说明网购流行的具体表现，即越来越多的人网购。选项B“More and more people now buy things online.”符合语境。 1．根据第二段“Ten years ago, people used to go to stores and supermarkets to buy things.”及后文“Now, with just a few clicks, we can order almost anything from our phones. Clothes, electronics, books, and even fresh food can be delivered to our doors within hours.”，十年前，人们过去常去商店和超市买东西。现在，只需轻点几下，我们就可以用手机订购几乎任何东西。衣服、电子产品、书籍，甚至生鲜食品，几小时内就能配送到家门口。可推知此处应描述过去实体店购物不便之处以形成对比，即需要提重物回家。选项C“They had to carry heavy bags home after shopping.”符合语境。 2．根据第三段“The rise of online shopping has brought many changes to the delivery industry.”及后文“They work long hours to make sure packages arrive on time.”，网购的兴起给配送行业带来了许多变化。他们长时间工作，确保包裹准时送达。可推知此处应引出配送人员相关的内容，选项E“More deliverymen are needed to send packages to customers.”符合语境。 3．根据第四段“In the past, people carried cash or used bank cards. Now, mobile payment apps like WeChat Pay and Alipay are widely used.”，过去人们带现金或用银行卡。现在，像微信支付、支付宝这类移动支付应用被广泛使用。可推知本段主要讲述支付方式的变化，此处应为概括本段内容的主题句。选项A“Payment methods have also changed greatly.”符合语境。 4．根据第五段“Some people worry about the quality of products they buy online.”及后文“But with better return policies and customer reviews, these problems are being solved.”，有些人担心他们在网上购买的产品的质量。但是随着退换货政策更加完善以及顾客评价体系的出现，这些问题正在被解决。可推知此处应列举另一个缺点，与“Some people”构成并列关系，即其他人担心支付安全。选项D“Others are concerned about the safety of online payments.”符合语境。 Passage I 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从下面所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 Several hundred years ago, Shanghai was a small fishing village. People lived on fishing and farming, and most families lived in one-room houses. 1 Businessmen from other countries arrived, and people saw new buildings, like banks and hotels. Subways and buses appeared, making travel within the city easier. However, not everyone benefited. Many poor families still lived in crowded areas with no running water or electricity. After 1949, Shanghai changed rapidly. The government built wide roads and bridges, connecting different parts of the city. People saw lots of factories here. 2 In the 1990s, skyscrapers (摩天大楼) started to fill the skyline. The Oriental Pearl Radio & TV Tower, finished in 1994, became a symbol of the city’s growth. Today, Shanghai is a global city. High-speed trains carry passengers to other cities in hours, while it used to take days by train. 3 Old neighbourhoods, however, still remain. In places like Xintiandi, traditional stone houses stand next to modern shops, showing the connection between the past and the present. What makes these changes possible? 4 Workers built tunnels under rivers to connect districts. Scientists developed new ways to protect ancient buildings while building new ones. Educators taught people new skills to adapt to the changing world. Cities teach us that changes are natural. 5 As the saying goes, “You can’t step into the same river twice, but you can learn the river’s story.” 【重点短语】 1. live on fishing and farming — 以捕鱼和农耕为生 2. one-room houses — 单间房屋 3. make travel within the city easier — 使市内出行更便利 4. not everyone benefited — 并非人人都受益 5. running water or electricity — 自来水或电 6. skyscrapers started to fill the skyline — 摩天大楼开始填满天际线 7. high-speed trains — 高铁 8. respect the past while looking forward to the future — 在展望未来的同时尊重过去 A．Hard work and new technology. B．In the 1920s, things began to change. C．And many people got jobs in the factories. D．They tell us to respect the past while looking forward to the future. E．People pay with smartphones, and online shopping is part of daily life. F．Many of these old buildings are now popular places for tourists to visit. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海从一个小型渔村发展成为全球现代化城市的历程，以及这一变化背后的原因和给我们的启示。 【详解】51．前文描述了数百年前上海是一个小渔村的情景，后文提到外国商人到来，人们看到银行、酒店等新建筑，B项“In the 1920s, things began to change.”指出在20世纪20年代，情况开始发生变化，承接上文的历史背景，引出后文关于变化的描述。 1．前文提到政府修建了宽阔的道路和桥梁，人们看到了许多工厂，C项“And many people got jobs in the factories.”指出许多人在工厂找到了工作，承接上文关于工厂的叙述，说明工厂带来的直接社会影响。 2．前文提到高铁让城市间交通变得快捷，后文说旧社区仍然存在，E项“People pay with smartphones, and online shopping is part of daily life.”指出人们用智能手机支付，网购成为日常生活的一部分，具体说明了上海作为国际化大都市的现代生活方式，与后文对旧社区保留的描述形成今昔对比。 3．前文提问“是什么使这些变化成为可能？”，后文列举了工人修建水下隧道、科学家保护古建筑、教育者教新技能等，A项“Hard work and new technology.”指出辛勤工作和新技术，作为对前文提问的回答，概括了后文列举的具体原因。 4．前文说城市教会我们变化是自然的，后文引用谚语“你无法两次踏入同一条河流，但你可以了解河流的故事”，D项“They tell us to respect the past while looking forward to the future.”指出它们告诉我们要尊重过去同时展望未来，总结了前文关于城市变化启示的观点，与后文谚语的意义相呼应。 Passage J 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。 I come from a small town in China. 1 . It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses. Most people worked as farmers, and there were very few modern tools. Life was peaceful but not always easy, especially when it rained and the roads turned muddy (泥泞的). Now, thanks to China’s rapid development, my hometown has changed a lot. 2 . Streetlights line both sides of the roads. Tall apartment buildings and modern shopping malls stand where there were once empty fields. A new industrial zone (工业区) has brought in many companies. It has created thousands of job opportunities. 3 . We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology. Our schools have smart classrooms with computers and the Internet. The town centre has a new beautiful square, where people gather to exercise and relax in the evenings. The environment has also been carefully protected during the development. The government has planted thousands of trees and built several parks. A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up. 4 . These changes have brought us a more comfortable life, but we should also protect our hometown. While enjoying modern conveniences (便利的事物), we must work together to protect our environment. 5 . And I believe it will develop in an even better way. 【重点短语】 1. narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses — 狭窄的土路和老式房屋 2. turn muddy — 变得泥泞 3. thanks to China’s rapid development — 得益于中国的快速发展 4. an industrial zone — 工业区 5. job opportunities — 就业机会 6. public services — 公共服务 7. smart classrooms — 智慧教室 8. modern conveniences — 现代便利设施 A．Now people can see fish there again. B．What has improved most is public services. C．I’m proud of the great changes in my hometown. D．Wide and clean roads have replaced the old dirt streets. E．I still remember what my hometown was like when I was a child. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家乡在中国快速发展背景下发生的巨大变化，对比了过去与现在在道路、建筑、公共服务及环境等方面的不同，表达了作者对家乡发展的自豪与期许。 【详解】56．根据文章第1段“It was a small, quiet town with narrow dirt roads and old-fashioned houses.”可知，此处是在回忆家乡过去的模样，E选项“我仍然记得我小时候家乡是什么样子。”承接下文对旧时家乡的描写，引出童年记忆，符合语境。 1．根据文章第2段“Streetlights line both sides of the roads.”可知，前文应提及道路的改变，D选项“宽阔干净的马路已经取代了旧的土路。”和后文道路的新面貌相呼应。 2．根据文章第3段“We now have a modern hospital with better medical technology.”可知，本段主要讲述公共服务设施的改善，B选项“改善最多的是公共服务。”总领本段内容。 3．根据文章第4段“A river that used to be polluted has been cleaned up.”可知，此处应描述河流治理后的生态恢复效果，A选项“现在人们又可以在那里看到鱼了。”承接河水治理好之后带来的结果。 4．根据文章第5段“And I believe it will develop in an even better way.”可知，此处应表达对家乡变化的情感态度，C选项“我为家乡的巨大变化感到自豪。”贴合此处抒发情感的语境。 Passage K Technology has influenced the way we communicate with others. 1 But now, we’re writing e­mails. Besides, we can send greeting cards to our friends on the Internet. No postage (邮费) is needed! Sending a note to a friend can be done in a few seconds on the Internet. If our friends are also online, we can chat with them wherever we are. What’s more, we can talk to many people at a time. 1 We can use them to give calls no matter where we are. And text messaging is another effective way to communicate with others. 2 Great technology has made us feel farther and farther away from the real society. And it’s difficult for us to tell if the net friends we are talking to are really kind to us. Even worse, many young people have forgotten how to spell and write complete sentences because of the Internet and mobile phones. Some people think that we might miss something more important in our life when only paying attention to technology. 3 Don’t you think so? 【重点短语】 1. influence the way we communicate — 影响我们沟通的方式 2. chat with them wherever we are — 无论在哪里都能与他们聊天 3. talk to many people at a time — 一次和许多人交谈 4. text messaging — 短信发送 5. an effective way to communicate — 一种有效的沟通方式 6. farther and farther away from the real society — 离现实社会越来越远 7. tell if the net friends are really kind to us — 判断网友是否真的对我们友善 8. it is time for us to wake up — 是我们清醒的时候了 A．However, everything has two sides. B．Mobile phones have become very important in our life. C．In the past, people sent letters or cards to their friends. D．Maybe it is time for us to wake up. E．People are happy with the high­tech products. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍科技改变了人们的沟通方式，先讲述网络通讯带来的便利，再说明手机的沟通作用，随后阐述科技沟通存在的弊端，最后引发读者反思。 【详解】61．后文提到“But now, we’re writing emails.”表示如今我们写邮件，存在过去与现在的对比，C选项“In the past, people sent letters or cards to their friends.”讲述过去人们寄信件贺卡，形成时间对比，逻辑通顺。 1．后文提到“We can use them to give calls no matter where we are.”中代词them指代横线内容，B选项“Mobile phones have become very important in our life.”主语为mobile phones，后文them可指代手机，衔接下文打电话、发短信的内容。 2．本段后文全部在讲科技带来的各类坏处，前文一直在讲网络、手机沟通的好处，A选项“However, everything has two sides.”表示凡事都有两面性，起到转折过渡，引出弊端段落。 3．前文提出“ Some people think that we might miss something more important in our life when only paying attention to technology. ”，只看重科技会错过生活中更重要的事物，后文反问“Don’t you think so?”，D选项“Maybe it is time for us to wake up.”呼吁人们清醒反思，承接前文观点并自然引出文末反问。 $