Unit 3 课时7 Project（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习分层清晰，梯度合理，从词汇变式到语篇应用再到中考链接，全面覆盖单元核心知识，注重语言能力与思维品质的渐进培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组 巩固过关|重点词汇变式（词形转换、反义词等）|通过18组词汇变形题夯实基础，强化语言能力| |B组 能力进阶|词汇运用、基础句型（填空、完成句子）|结合情境填空与汉译英，提升语言应用能力| |C组 思维拔高|语篇理解（完形填空、阅读理解）|通过对比观点类完形与科学类阅读，培养思维品质| |拓展 链接中考|中考题型（任务型阅读、还原短文）|选用真题情境，衔接应试需求，发展学习能力|

Unit 3 Same or Different 课时7 Section B（Project）分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 重点词汇变式 1.lazy ( adj.)懒惰的；懒洋洋的→ 比较级→ 最高级 → 反义词: 勤奋的 2.perform (v. )表演；执行→ (n.)演出;表演 → (n.)表演者 3.congratulation (n.)祝贺；恭喜 → (v.)祝贺 4.appear (v.)出现；显得 → 反义词: (v.)消失 → (n.) 外表；露面 5.serious (adj.)严肃的；严重的→ (adv.) 严肃地；严重地 6.strength (n.)优势；力量 → (v.) 加强 → 反义词: ( n.)弱点 7.slim (adj.)苗条的；薄的 → 比较级→ 最高级 8.pleasure (n.)愉快;乐事→ （v.）使高兴；使满意 → (adj.) 宜人的；友好的 → (adj.)快乐的;满意的 9. interest (n/v.)兴趣；使感兴趣 → (adj.) 有趣的,令人感兴趣的→ (adj.) 感兴趣的 10. differ (v. )不同→ (adj.)不同的→ (n. ) 差异→ (adv.) 不同地 11. humor (n.)幽默；幽默感→ (adj.) 幽默的 12. little (adj.)较少的；更少的 (adv.)较少地；更少地 → 比较级→ 最高级 13. honest (adj.)坦诚的；诚实的→ 反义词(adj.) 不诚实的→ (adv.) 诚实地→ (n.) 诚实 14. direct (adj.)直接的;直率的→ (adv.) 直接地→ 反义词 (adj.) 间接的→ (adv.)间接地 15. similarity (n.)相似之处→ 复数： →反义词 (n.)差异→ (adj.)相似的 16. accident (n.)事故;意外事件 → (adj.) 意外的;偶然的 17. expect (v. )预料；期待→ （adj.）预料的；预期的→ （adj.）出乎意料的→ (n.) 预料；期待 18. touch (v.) 触动；触碰→ (adj.) 感人的→ (adj.) 受触动的,受感动的 一、用所给提示或者所给词的适当形式填空。 1．The book is worth reading because it teaches you how to behave well in different ________ (situation). 2．His careless driving led to a serious traffic a________ the other day. 3．In the cartoon, the ________ (character) Tom and Jerry make many mistakes themselves at home. 4．Cultural ________ (exchange) are a way of building bridges between two countries. 5．The screen of this new phone is very sensitive. You just lightly t________ (触碰) it to make it work. 6．How can we benefit from each other’s ________ (similar) and differences? 7．After one year of practice, Tom runs much ________ (fast) than he did when he entered junior high. 二、完成句子 1．她和我一样高, 但比我瘦。 She’s ________ ________ ________ me, but she’s thinner than me. 2．在我看来，朋友就像一面镜子。 ________ ________ ________, a friend is like a mirror. 3．刘莉在某些方面和我相似。 Liu Li is similar to me ________ ________ ________. 4．如果你遇到问题，你的父母随时准备帮助你。 Your parents ________ always ________ ________ ________ you if you meet with problems. 5．门又小又矮。小心碰头！上次我就不小心撞到了。 The door is small and low. Mind your head! I hit it last time ________ ________. 6．看到他陷入麻烦，我决定下车帮助他。 Seeing him in trouble, I decided to get out of my car and ________ ________ ________ ________. 7．我认为年轻人应该关心老人。 I think the young people should ________ ________ the old. 8．这场比赛看似要输了，但最后还是出现了一线希望。 Although the game seemed lost, there was a ________ ________ in the end. 9．我们尽可能早到以便有时间热身。 We arrive ________ ________ ________ we can, so that we have time to warm up. 10．父母的行为通常对孩子影响很大。 Parents’ behavior usually ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ children. 三、词汇练习 根据提示完成字谜游戏。 1．to see how things are similar and how they are different ________ 2．making a lot of noise ________ 3．to go to an event such as a meeting or a class ________ 4．to think that something will happen ________ 5．to put your hand, finger etc. on someone or something ________ 一、完形填空 We all need good friends and want to get on well with them. But what do you do when you and your best friend have 1 ideas? At first, I didn’t know what to do when this happened to my best friend Karina and me. When we first met at a summer camp, we got along so 2 that we shared stories, laughed a lot, and quickly became inseparable (形影不离的) friends. But then something happened when we had a picnic. “Did you hear the news about the shopping centre?” asked one of our friends Levar. “Some people plan to 3 many trees to make room for a shopping centre.” “That’s terrible! It will be bad for our environment. We have to 4 that,” I said. “I don’t think so,” said Karina. “The shopping centre will give people new jobs.” “But animals will 5 their homes!” I said. “I want people to have 6 , but it doesn’t have to do such a terrible thing.” I wanted Karina to join me in 7 trees, but she didn’t want to. I was so angry that I didn’t 8 her for days. Later, my mother knew it and said to me seriously, “No two people are the same. You should 9 each other. Don’t let the 10 make you lose a good friend.” After listening to my mum’s words, I said sorry to Karina. Now we’re still good friends. 1．A．wonderful B．basic C．different D．successful 2．A．well B．slowly C．hard D．bravely 3．A．climb up B．sit by C．watch over D．cut down 4．A．support B．stop C．trust D．leave 5．A．lose B．build C．clean D．find 6．A．homes B．jobs C．rooms D．friends 7．A．planting B．watering C．saving D．climbing 8．A．write to B．talk to C．think of D．care for 9．A．respect B．support C．love D．encourage 10．A．difference B．story C．confidence D．importance 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空 (每词限用一次)。 situation, expect, exchange, character, reach 1．The face changing (变脸) skill is used to express the changing feelings of . 2．We want to corn for potatoes with you. We give you corn, and you give us potatoes. 3．The is beyond our control, so we have to ask our parents for help. 4．I thought I did badly in the test. However, the result was not as terrible as I . 5．The forest was so thick that sunlight couldn’t the ground below. 一、完形填空 To live a better life, everyone needs friends. Do you have lots of friends? What do you 1 friends and friendship? And are they very important to you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests, while some like doing the same 2 as you. Do you like the friends different from you 3 the same as you? You may like the friends who 4 the same interests as you. But I don’t really care. I have two good friends. Who are they? They are Peter and James. Peter is 5 me. I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet. We 6 enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet. At weekends, we often go to the library or 7 on the computer together. But James is very different from us. He likes playing ball games, and he is more athletic (擅长运动的) than us. He is 8 more outgoing. He likes talking and often makes 9 laugh. Both of the two friends make me feel happy in my life. You see, friends are not 10 to be the same. Do you agree with me? Who is your best friend? Could you say something about him or her? 1．A．talk about B．think of C．thanks for D．look at 2．A．interests B．views C．things D．habits 3．A．or B．and C．until D．but 4．A．are B．have C．show D．get 5．A．like B．as C．for D．with 6．A．all B．each C．both D．some 7．A．watch B．teach C．bring D．play 8．A．a few B．few C．a lot D．little 9．A．him B．her C．them D．us 10．A．important B．necessary C．difficult D．different 二、阅读理解 ① When we face difficulty, good friends are there to help us through the hard times. They will be there to talk us through it with their calm, wise words and friendly encouragement. Even if you don’t find the solution right away, at least they provide a shoulder for you to cry on before taking action. We all know a friend in need is a friend indeed. However, who can be our friends? ② “What! You, too? I thought I was the only one.” Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person. It seems that similarity often helps people make friends. A Greek philosopher (哲学家) once said, “Friendship is a matter of similarity. We love those who are like ourselves.” ③ There is some science behind this idea. Scientists from the University of California said friends have similar brains. Scientists invited 42 university students to take part in science research. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a talk show and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists scanned (扫描) their brains and recorded their brain activity. ④ According to their scans, friends who watched the same videos reacted (反应) in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains reacted while watching the videos, especially parts that are about learning and memory. However, people who weren’t friends had different reactions to the same videos. ⑤ “Having similar close friends may be useful because it reinforces one’s own values, opinions and interests.” A scientist in the research said. ⑥ But brain similarity is not the only thing that can influence friendship. There are many other factors (因素) we should think about. For example, friends should help and respect each other. Recently, scientists from a University in Germany found something unusual. They discovered friendship also depends on how physically close you are to someone. They did research with first-year college students in the university. They found students who sat close to each other became friends more easily and it was easier for them to keep the friendship. That is quite different from what we have known for years. 1．What can we learn from the passage about friendship? A．Similar parts of friends’ brains reacted while watching the same videos. B．People who aren’t friends have the same reactions to the same videos. C．Brain similarity is the only thing that can influence friendship. D．How close you are to someone has nothing to do with making friends. 2．What does the underlined word “reinforce” mean? A．控制 B．减弱 C．加强 D．放任 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? (①=Para. 1, ②=Para. 2, ③=Para. 3, ④=Para. 4, ⑤=Para. 5, ⑥=Para. 6) A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To encourage people to make more friends. B．To share factors which influence friendship. C．To explain what the similarities of friendship are. D．To show the importance of the similarity in friend-making. 三、补全短文 Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendships back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. 1 You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. 2 Generosity means sharing, and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. 3 They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later, everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. 4 So to be a friend, you  must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. 5 But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must be honest, be generous and be understanding. A．To have a friend, you must learn to be a friend. B．A friend will never forget you. C．No two friendships are ever exactly similar. D．Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem. E．These can be valuable to a friend. F．Good friends always trust one another to speak and act honestly. 一、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 （2026·山东·中考真题） Farah was on her parents’ farm in Malaysia. She heard a funny noise and went to look. She found a baby orangutan (猩猩). It was lonely and scared. Farah went to tell her parents. “There’s an orangutan sanctuary (庇护地) ten miles from here,” said Dad. “We should call them.” “Good idea,” said Mom. “I’ll call them now.” “He looks hungry,” said Dad. “I’ll get him a banana.” “He needs a name,” said Farah. “I’ll call him Coco.” A team from the sanctuary arrived quickly. “Why does Coco have to go to the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Orangutans are in danger in their habitat (栖息地) because there are logging sites (伐木点), big farms and illegal (非法的) hunters,” said the sanctuary assistant. “Coco is very young. At the sanctuary, he can grow up safely.” “What happens at the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Well, Coco looks healthy, but tomorrow the vets (兽医) are going to do a check-up and they’re going to give him vaccinations (疫苗). The day after tomorrow, we’re going to send him to the orangutan school at the sanctuary!” “Orangutan school!” said Farah. “What’s that?” The sanctuary assistant smiled. “Orangutans usually stay with their mothers for six years. They learn how to live in the jungle. At the sanctuary, they learn from each other. Next week, the team is going to give Coco a buddy — an older orangutan who can teach him. He needs to learn how to find food and where to sleep.” “Orangutan school sounds fun!” said Farah. “We’re going to keep Coco at the sanctuary for a while. You can be a volunteer and help out.” Farah smiled, “I’d like that. I’ll come and visit Coco! I can’t wait!” 1．Where did Farah find Coco? . 2．What are the dangers to orangutans in the habitat according to the text? . 3．How are people at the sanctuary going to help Coco? (list 2 ways) . 4．What kind of person do you think Farah is? And why? . 5．What would you like to do if you have a chance to help wildlife? (at least 15 words) . 二、阅读理解 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 （2026·吉林·中考真题）One day, a little boy and a little girl were playing happily in their neighborhood. The boy showed the girl his beautiful cards. 1 They were both interested in each other’s things. The boy said, “I’ll give you all my cards if you give all your candies to me.” 2 The boy secretly put his most beautiful card in his pocket, and then gave the others to the girl. The girl kept her promise and gave all her candies to the boy. That night, the girl felt really happy to have the cards. She played the cards with her parents and then went to bed with a smile. 3 He regretted keeping the card. He was afraid of losing his friend. The next morning, the boy visited the girl. He told her the truth and gave his most beautiful card to the girl. The girl showed her understanding and said, “It doesn’t matter.” 4 Then they played cards and ate candies together. Friendship is a two-way street. 5 If we are honest to each other, we may have a true friendship. A．She went to the park. B．However, the boy was worried. C．The girl showed the boy some candies. D．The boy felt lucky to have such a friend. E．Honesty is quite important in friendship. F．The girl agreed because she wanted to have the cards. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Same or Different 课时7 Section B（Project）分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 重点词汇变式 1.lazy ( adj.)懒惰的；懒洋洋的→比较级 lazier→最高级 laziest →反义词: 勤奋的hard-working 2.perform (v. )表演；执行→ (n.)演出;表演performance → (n.)表演者performer 3.congratulation (n.)祝贺；恭喜 → (v.)祝贺congratulate 4.appear (v.)出现；显得 →反义词: (v.)消失disappear → (n.) 外表；露面appearance 5.serious (adj.)严肃的；严重的→(adv.) 严肃地；严重地 seriously 6.strength (n.)优势；力量 →(v.) 加强strengthen → 反义词: ( n.)弱点weakness 7.slim (adj.)苗条的；薄的 → 比较级 slimmer →最高级 slimmest 8.pleasure (n.)愉快;乐事→（v.）使高兴；使满意please → (adj.) 宜人的；友好的pleasant→ (adj.)快乐的;满意的pleased 9. interest (n/v.)兴趣；使感兴趣 → (adj.) 有趣的,令人感兴趣的interesting→ (adj.) 感兴趣的interested 10. differ (v. )不同→ (adj.)不同的different→(n. ) 差异difference → (adv.) 不同地differently 11. humor (n.)幽默；幽默感→ (adj.) 幽默的humorous 12. little (adj.)较少的；更少的 (adv.)较少地；更少地 →比较级 less→最高级 least 13. honest (adj.)坦诚的；诚实的→反义词(adj.) 不诚实的dishonest →(adv.) 诚实地honestly → (n.) 诚实honesty 14. direct (adj.)直接的;直率的→(adv.) 直接地directly →反义词indirect (adj.) 间接的→ (adv.)间接地indirectly 15. similarity (n.)相似之处→ 复数：similarities →反义词 (n.)差异difference→ (adj.)相似的similar 16. accident (n.)事故;意外事件 → (adj.) 意外的;偶然的accidental 17. expect (v. )预料；期待→（adj.）预料的；预期的expected→（adj.）出乎意料的unexpected→ (n.) 预料；期待expectation 18. touch (v.) 触动；触碰→ (adj.) 感人的touching→ (adj.) 受触动的,受感动的touched 一、用所给提示或者所给词的适当形式填空。 1．The book is worth reading because it teaches you how to behave well in different ________ (situation). 【答案】situations 【详解】句意：这本书值得一读，因为它教你在不同的场合举止得体。different“不同的”后面必须接可数名词复数，situation复数形式为situations，故填situations。 2．His careless driving led to a serious traffic a________ the other day. 【答案】accident/ccident 【详解】句意：前几天，他的粗心驾驶引发了一起严重的交通事故。句中有不定冠词a，需要填入可数名词单数，traffic accident是固定搭配，表示“交通事故”。 3．In the cartoon, the ________ (character) Tom and Jerry make many mistakes themselves at home. 【答案】characters 【详解】句意：在这部动画片里，角色汤姆和杰瑞在家时自己犯了许多错误。空格处需要填一个名词，作为Tom and Jerry的同位语，说明他们的身份，Tom and Jerry是两个角色，所以应用复数形式characters。 4．Cultural ________ (exchange) are a way of building bridges between two countries. 【答案】exchanges 【详解】句意：文化交流是搭建两国沟通桥梁的一种方式。空格位于形容词Cultural“文化的”之后，作句子的主语，需填名词形式；且系动词是are，表明主语必须是复数形式。exchange意为“交流”，是可数名词，其复数形式直接在词尾加-s，故填exchanges。 5．The screen of this new phone is very sensitive. You just lightly t________ (触碰) it to make it work. 【答案】touch/ouch 【详解】句意：这款新手机的屏幕非常灵敏。你只需轻触它即可使其工作。空格前为副词“lightly”和主语“You”，后接宾语“it”，描述客观事实，空格处需填动词原形作谓语，表示“触碰”，首字母为“t”，对应英文单词“touch”，故填touch。 6．How can we benefit from each other’s ________ (similar) and differences? 【答案】similarities 【详解】句意：我们如何能从彼此的相似之处与差异中获益？similar“相似的”，and连接并列名词，differences为复数名词，因此需填名词复数形式。故填similarities。 7．After one year of practice, Tom runs much ________ (fast) than he did when he entered junior high. 【答案】faster 【详解】句意：经过一年的训练，汤姆跑得比刚上初中时快多了。根据“much”和“than”可知，此处要用比较级，“fast”意为“快地”，其比较级形式是“faster”；“much”在这里用来修饰比较级“faster”，表示程度上“……得多”。故填faster。 二、完成句子 1．她和我一样高, 但比我瘦。 She’s ________ ________ ________ me, but she’s thinner than me. 【答案】 as tall as 【详解】原句中“和……一样高”，表示“和……一样……”，需使用“as + 形容词原级 + as”句型。“高”对应的形容词是tall。所以填as；tall；as。 2．在我看来，朋友就像一面镜子。 ________ ________ ________, a friend is like a mirror. 【答案】 In my opinion 【详解】原句中“在我看来”是关键词，表示“在我看来”的短语是in my opinion，句首首字母需要大写。 3．刘莉在某些方面和我相似。 Liu Li is similar to me ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 in some ways 【详解】原句中“在某些方面”是关键词，表示“在某些方面”的介词短语是in some ways，因此①空填in，②空填some，③空填ways，在句中作状语。 4．如果你遇到问题，你的父母随时准备帮助你。 Your parents ________ always ________ ________ ________ you if you meet with problems. 【答案】 are ready to help 【详解】be ready to do sth.“准备做某事”，是固定搭配；根据“always”和“you meet with problems”可知，应用一般现在时态，句子主语“Your parents”是复数，因此be动词用“are”；help“帮助” ，“to”后接动词原形。故填are；ready；to；help。 5．门又小又矮。小心碰头！上次我就不小心撞到了。 The door is small and low. Mind your head! I hit it last time ________ ________. 【答案】 by accident 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处用by accident“不小心地”，固定短语。故填by；accident。 6．看到他陷入麻烦，我决定下车帮助他。 Seeing him in trouble, I decided to get out of my car and ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 lend him a hand 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“帮助他”，lend sb. a hand意为“帮助某人”，其中sb.需用宾格，him意为“他”。decided to后接不定式短语，and表并列，故空处需与get out of形式一致，为动词原形。故填lend；him；a；hand。 7．我认为年轻人应该关心老人。 I think the young people should ________ ________ the old. 【答案】 care about 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“关心”。care about关心；情态动词should后接动词原形。故填care；about。 8．这场比赛看似要输了，但最后还是出现了一线希望。 Although the game seemed lost, there was a ________ ________ in the end. 【答案】 silver lining 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处表示“一线希望”，a silver lining“一线希望”。故填silver；lining。 9．我们尽可能早到以便有时间热身。 We arrive ________ ________ ________ we can, so that we have time to warm up. 【答案】 as early as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“尽可能早”的表达。“as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as”是固定结构，表示“和……一样；尽可能……”，“早”修饰动词arrive，要用副词early。故填as；early；as。 10．父母的行为通常对孩子影响很大。 Parents’ behavior usually ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ children. 【答案】 makes a big difference to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“对……影响很大”。make a big difference to“对……有很大影响”，根据“usually”可知，用一般现在时，主语Parents’ behavior是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes。故填makes；a；big；difference；to。 三、词汇练习 根据提示完成字谜游戏。 1．to see how things are similar and how they are different ________ 2．making a lot of noise ________ 3．to go to an event such as a meeting or a class ________ 4．to think that something will happen ________ 5．to put your hand, finger etc. on someone or something ________ 【答案】1．compare 2．noisy 3．attend 4．expect 5．touch 【详解】1．根据“to see how things are similar and how they are different”并结合所给字母可知，此处应表示“比较”，compare“比较”，动词。故填compare。 2．根据“making a lot of noise”并结合所给字母可知，此处应表示“嘈杂的”，noisy“嘈杂的”，形容词。故填noisy。 3．根据“to go to an event such as a meeting or a class”并结合所给字母可知，此处表示“出席，参加”，attend“出席，参加”，动词。故填attend。 4．根据“to think that something will happen”并结合所给字母可知，此处表示“猜想，料想”，expect“猜想，料想”，动词。故填expect。 5．根据“to put your hand, finger etc. on someone or something”并结合所给字母可知，此处表示“触摸，触碰”，touch“触摸，触碰”。故填touch。 一、完形填空 We all need good friends and want to get on well with them. But what do you do when you and your best friend have 1 ideas? At first, I didn’t know what to do when this happened to my best friend Karina and me. When we first met at a summer camp, we got along so 2 that we shared stories, laughed a lot, and quickly became inseparable (形影不离的) friends. But then something happened when we had a picnic. “Did you hear the news about the shopping centre?” asked one of our friends Levar. “Some people plan to 3 many trees to make room for a shopping centre.” “That’s terrible! It will be bad for our environment. We have to 4 that,” I said. “I don’t think so,” said Karina. “The shopping centre will give people new jobs.” “But animals will 5 their homes!” I said. “I want people to have 6 , but it doesn’t have to do such a terrible thing.” I wanted Karina to join me in 7 trees, but she didn’t want to. I was so angry that I didn’t 8 her for days. Later, my mother knew it and said to me seriously, “No two people are the same. You should 9 each other. Don’t let the 10 make you lose a good friend.” After listening to my mum’s words, I said sorry to Karina. Now we’re still good friends. 1．A．wonderful B．basic C．different D．successful 2．A．well B．slowly C．hard D．bravely 3．A．climb up B．sit by C．watch over D．cut down 4．A．support B．stop C．trust D．leave 5．A．lose B．build C．clean D．find 6．A．homes B．jobs C．rooms D．friends 7．A．planting B．watering C．saving D．climbing 8．A．write to B．talk to C．think of D．care for 9．A．respect B．support C．love D．encourage 10．A．difference B．story C．confidence D．importance 【答案】1—5 CADBA 6—10 BCBAA 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者和好友因对修建商场砍伐树木这件事产生分歧而发生矛盾，最后在妈妈开导下互相理解、和好如初的故事。 【详解】1．句意：但是当你和最好的朋友持有不同想法时，你会怎么做？ 后文讲述作者和好友产生意见分歧、发生争执的故事，different意为“不同的”，符合语境；wonderful“极好的”、basic“基本的”、successful“成功的”均不符合上下文矛盾分歧的语境。 2．句意：我们第一次在夏令营相遇时，相处得非常融洽，以至于我们分享故事、开怀大笑，很快就成了形影不离的好朋友。get along well意为“相处融洽”，符合两人当初亲密友好的语境；slowly“缓慢地”、hard“艰难地”、bravely“勇敢地”均不能和get along构成正确搭配，不符合句意。 3．句意：有些人计划砍伐大量树木，来为购物中心腾出地方。 后文提到这件事会破坏环境，cut down意为“砍伐（树木）”，符合破坏树木修建商场的语境；climb up“爬上”、sit by“坐在旁边”、watch over“照看”均不符合毁掉树木的语境。 4．句意：“太糟糕了！这会破坏我们的环境。我们必须阻止这件事，”我说。作者反对砍伐树木，想要制止这件事，stop意为“阻止”，符合语境；support“支持”、trust“信任”、leave“离开”均和作者反对的态度不符。 5．句意：“但是动物们将会失去它们的家园！”我说。树木被砍伐后动物会失去栖息地，lose意为“失去”，符合语境；build“建造”、clean“打扫”、find“找到”均不符合树木被砍伐后动物的处境。 6．句意：我希望人们能拥有工作，但不必做这么糟糕的事情。前文好友提到商场可以给人们提供新工作，此处呼应这个话题，jobs意为“工作”，符合语境；homes“家园”、rooms“房间”、friends“朋友”均和前文对话内容不匹配。 7．句意：我想让Karina和我一起保护树木，但是她不愿意。作者反对砍树，希望一起守护树木，saving意为“保护、拯救”，符合语境；planting“种植”、watering“浇水”、climbing“攀爬”均不符合当下阻止砍树的核心语境。 8．句意：我非常生气，以至于好几天都不和她说话。两人发生矛盾后作者赌气不与对方沟通，talk to意为“和……交谈”，符合语境；write to“写信给”、think of“想到”、care for“关心”均不符合冷战不沟通的语境。 9．句意：你们应该互相尊重。妈妈教导两人接纳差异、好好相处，respect意为“尊重”，符合语境；support“支持”、love“喜爱”、encourage“鼓励”均不符合接纳差异相处的核心意思。 10．句意：不要让分歧让你失去一位好朋友。两人矛盾的根源是想法差异，difference意为“分歧、差异”，符合语境；story“故事”、confidence“信心”、importance“重要性”均不符合两人矛盾的核心原因。 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空 (每词限用一次)。 situation, expect, exchange, character, reach 1．The face changing (变脸) skill is used to express the changing feelings of . 2．We want to corn for potatoes with you. We give you corn, and you give us potatoes. 3．The is beyond our control, so we have to ask our parents for help. 4．I thought I did badly in the test. However, the result was not as terrible as I . 5．The forest was so thick that sunlight couldn’t the ground below. 【答案】1．characters 2．exchange 3．situation 4．expected 5．reach 【详解】1．句意：变脸技术是被用来表达角色情感的变化。根据“The face changing skill is used to express the changing feelings of”及备选词汇可知，是指变脸技术是被用来表达角色情感的变化。此处应用名词复数，character的复数形式为characters。故填characters。 2．句意：我们想用玉米和你们换土豆。我们给你们玉米，你们给我们土豆。根据“We give you corn, and you give us potatoes.”可知此处表达交换。exchange表示“交换”，want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故填exchange。 3．句意：这种情况超出了我们的控制范围，所以我们不得不向父母求助。根据“The...is beyond our control”可知此处指情况超出可控范围。situation表示“处境，情况”，名词。故填situation。 4．句意：我认为我考得不好。然而，结果并不像我想得那么糟糕。根据“I thought I did badly”可知此处是自己认为的情况，结合“However”可知, 此处应表示“料想，猜想”，且应为一般过去时态。expect的过去式为expected。故填expected。 5．句意：森林是如此茂密，以至于阳光都无法照射到下面的地面。根据“The forest was so thick that sunlight couldn’t...the ground below.”可知此处指森林太茂密，以至于阳光无法到达地面。结合“couldn’t”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填reach。 一、完形填空 To live a better life, everyone needs friends. Do you have lots of friends? What do you 1 friends and friendship? And are they very important to you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests, while some like doing the same 2 as you. Do you like the friends different from you 3 the same as you? You may like the friends who 4 the same interests as you. But I don’t really care. I have two good friends. Who are they? They are Peter and James. Peter is 5 me. I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet. We 6 enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet. At weekends, we often go to the library or 7 on the computer together. But James is very different from us. He likes playing ball games, and he is more athletic (擅长运动的) than us. He is 8 more outgoing. He likes talking and often makes 9 laugh. Both of the two friends make me feel happy in my life. You see, friends are not 10 to be the same. Do you agree with me? Who is your best friend? Could you say something about him or her? 1．A．talk about B．think of C．thanks for D．look at 2．A．interests B．views C．things D．habits 3．A．or B．and C．until D．but 4．A．are B．have C．show D．get 5．A．like B．as C．for D．with 6．A．all B．each C．both D．some 7．A．watch B．teach C．bring D．play 8．A．a few B．few C．a lot D．little 9．A．him B．her C．them D．us 10．A．important B．necessary C．difficult D．different 【答案】1—5 BCABA 6—10 CDCDB 【解析】本文探讨友谊的重要性，描述作者与两位性格迥异的朋友相处的方式，说明朋友不必相同也能带来快乐。 1．句意：你怎样评价朋友和友谊？talk about谈论；think of认为，想到；thank for因……而感谢；look at看。根据下文“And are they very important to you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests,”可知，此处指“你怎样评价朋友和友谊”。故选B。 2．句意：你的一些朋友可能有不同的观点和兴趣，而有些人喜欢和你做一样的事情。interests兴趣；views观点；things事；habits习惯。根据“doing”可知，此处指“一些朋友喜欢做和你同样的事情”。故选C。 3．句意：你喜欢和你不同的朋友还是和你一样的朋友？or或者，表示选择关系；and和，表示顺承和递进关系；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；but但是，表示转折关系。根据“Do you like the friends different from you…the same as you?”可知，此处是选择关系。故选A。 4．句意：你可能喜欢和你有同样兴趣的朋友。are是；have有；show展示；get获得。根据“the same interests as you”可知，此处指“和你有相同兴趣”。故选B。 5．句意：彼得像我。like像；as作为；for为了；with和。根据下文“I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet.”可知，彼得像“我”，be like“像”。故选A。 6．句意：我们都喜欢看书和上网。all都，三者及三者以上；each每一个；both两者都；some一些。根据上文“I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet.”可知，此处指作者和彼得两个人都喜欢读书和上网，表示“两个都”用both。故选C。 7．句意：周末，我们经常一起去图书馆或玩电脑。watch看；teach教；bring带来；play玩。根据“on the computer together”可知，此处填play，表示“玩电脑”。故选D。 8．句意：他要外向得多。a few一点儿，修饰可数名词复数；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a lot修饰形容词比较级；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“more outgoing”可知，此处修饰形容词比较级，应用a lot。故选C。 9．句意：他喜欢说话，经常逗我们笑。him他；her她；them他们；us我们。根据上文“But James is very different from us.”可知，此处指“逗我们笑”，应用us。故选D。 10．句意：你看，朋友不必相同。important重要的；necessary必要的；difficult困难的；different不同的。根据上文作者列举了他的朋友和他的不同之处，此处指“朋友不必相同”。故选B。 二、阅读理解 ① When we face difficulty, good friends are there to help us through the hard times. They will be there to talk us through it with their calm, wise words and friendly encouragement. Even if you don’t find the solution right away, at least they provide a shoulder for you to cry on before taking action. We all know a friend in need is a friend indeed. However, who can be our friends? ② “What! You, too? I thought I was the only one.” Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person. It seems that similarity often helps people make friends. A Greek philosopher (哲学家) once said, “Friendship is a matter of similarity. We love those who are like ourselves.” ③ There is some science behind this idea. Scientists from the University of California said friends have similar brains. Scientists invited 42 university students to take part in science research. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a talk show and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists scanned (扫描) their brains and recorded their brain activity. ④ According to their scans, friends who watched the same videos reacted (反应) in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains reacted while watching the videos, especially parts that are about learning and memory. However, people who weren’t friends had different reactions to the same videos. ⑤ “Having similar close friends may be useful because it reinforces one’s own values, opinions and interests.” A scientist in the research said. ⑥ But brain similarity is not the only thing that can influence friendship. There are many other factors (因素) we should think about. For example, friends should help and respect each other. Recently, scientists from a University in Germany found something unusual. They discovered friendship also depends on how physically close you are to someone. They did research with first-year college students in the university. They found students who sat close to each other became friends more easily and it was easier for them to keep the friendship. That is quite different from what we have known for years. 1．What can we learn from the passage about friendship? A．Similar parts of friends’ brains reacted while watching the same videos. B．People who aren’t friends have the same reactions to the same videos. C．Brain similarity is the only thing that can influence friendship. D．How close you are to someone has nothing to do with making friends. 2．What does the underlined word “reinforce” mean? A．控制 B．减弱 C．加强 D．放任 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? (①=Para. 1, ②=Para. 2, ③=Para. 3, ④=Para. 4, ⑤=Para. 5, ⑥=Para. 6) A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To encourage people to make more friends. B．To share factors which influence friendship. C．To explain what the similarities of friendship are. D．To show the importance of the similarity in friend-making. 【答案】1—4 ACAB 【解析】本文主要是关于成为朋友的因素。 1．细节理解题。根据“According to their scans, friends who watched the same videos reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains reacted while watching the videos, especially parts that are about learning and memory”可知，在观看相同的视频时，他们大脑中相似的部分会做出反应。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Having similar close friends may be useful because it reinforces one’s own values, opinions and interests”以及“But brain similarity is not the only thing that can influence friendship.”可知，如果一些人有相似的朋友，这会对价值观、观点和兴趣有影响，而且是正向影响，也就是有加强作用。reinforce应表示“加强”，故选C。 3．篇章结构题。第①段提出问题“谁能成为我们的朋友？”；②-⑤段是关于相似的人会成为朋友；第⑥段关于成为朋友的其他因素，与段落②-⑤是并列关系，共同回答了第①段的问题。故选项A的结构正确。故选A。 4．推理判断题。本文主要是关于成为朋友的几个因素，并未提及鼓励别人多交朋友，所以作者写作目的是分享影响友谊的因素。故选B。 三、补全短文 Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendships back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. 1 You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. 2 Generosity means sharing, and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. 3 They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later, everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. 4 So to be a friend, you  must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. 5 But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must be honest, be generous and be understanding. A．To have a friend, you must learn to be a friend. B．A friend will never forget you. C．No two friendships are ever exactly similar. D．Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem. E．These can be valuable to a friend. F．Good friends always trust one another to speak and act honestly. 【答案】1—5 AFEDC 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何维持友谊的三个规则：诚实、慷慨和理解。 1．根据文章第一段“You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.”可知，要想拥有朋友，必须先学会如何做朋友。选项A“要拥有朋友，你得先学会成为别人的朋友。”符合语境。故填A。 2．根据文章第二段“Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another.”可知，好朋友之间应该始终信任彼此的言行。选项F“好朋友总是互相信任，言行诚实。”符合语境。故填F。 3．根据文章第三段“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings… They tell your friend what is important to you.”可知，这些对朋友来说是有价值的。选项E“这些对朋友而言可能是很珍贵的。”符合语境。故填E。 4．根据文章第四段“Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.”可知，向朋友求助可能是解决问题的第一步。选项D“向朋友求助可能是解决问题的第一步。”符合语境。故填D。 5．根据文章最后一段“But all true friendships have three things in common.”可知，没有两段友谊是完全相同的，但核心原则一致。选项C“没有两段友谊是完全相同的。”符合语境。故填C。 一、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 （2026·山东·中考真题） Farah was on her parents’ farm in Malaysia. She heard a funny noise and went to look. She found a baby orangutan (猩猩). It was lonely and scared. Farah went to tell her parents. “There’s an orangutan sanctuary (庇护地) ten miles from here,” said Dad. “We should call them.” “Good idea,” said Mom. “I’ll call them now.” “He looks hungry,” said Dad. “I’ll get him a banana.” “He needs a name,” said Farah. “I’ll call him Coco.” A team from the sanctuary arrived quickly. “Why does Coco have to go to the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Orangutans are in danger in their habitat (栖息地) because there are logging sites (伐木点), big farms and illegal (非法的) hunters,” said the sanctuary assistant. “Coco is very young. At the sanctuary, he can grow up safely.” “What happens at the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Well, Coco looks healthy, but tomorrow the vets (兽医) are going to do a check-up and they’re going to give him vaccinations (疫苗). The day after tomorrow, we’re going to send him to the orangutan school at the sanctuary!” “Orangutan school!” said Farah. “What’s that?” The sanctuary assistant smiled. “Orangutans usually stay with their mothers for six years. They learn how to live in the jungle. At the sanctuary, they learn from each other. Next week, the team is going to give Coco a buddy — an older orangutan who can teach him. He needs to learn how to find food and where to sleep.” “Orangutan school sounds fun!” said Farah. “We’re going to keep Coco at the sanctuary for a while. You can be a volunteer and help out.” Farah smiled, “I’d like that. I’ll come and visit Coco! I can’t wait!” 1．Where did Farah find Coco? . 2．What are the dangers to orangutans in the habitat according to the text? . 3．How are people at the sanctuary going to help Coco? (list 2 ways) . 4．What kind of person do you think Farah is? And why? . 5．What would you like to do if you have a chance to help wildlife? (at least 15 words) . 【答案】1．On her parents’ farm in Malaysia. 2．Logging sites, big farms and illegal hunters. 3．They are going to give him vaccinations and send him to the orangutan school. 4．She is kind and caring. Because she cares about Coco and wants to be a volunteer. 5．I would like to protect them by planting more trees and telling people not to hunt them illegally.(言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩Farah在父母农场发现一只幼年猩猩，并将其送往庇护地接受照顾和治疗的故事。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“Farah was on her parents’ farm in Malaysia.”和“She found a baby orangutan.”可推知，Farah发现Coco的地点是在她父母的农场。 2．根据文章第8段“Orangutans are in danger in their habitat ( 栖息地) because there are logging sites (伐木点), big farms and illegal (非法的) hunters”可推知猩猩面临的危险来源。 3．根据文章第10段“tomorrow the vets (兽医) are going to do a check-up and they’re going to give him vaccinations (疫苗)”以及“ we’re going to send him to the orangutan school at the sanctuary!”可推知，庇护地帮助Coco的两种方式是接种疫苗和送他去猩猩学校。 4．根据文章第1段Farah发现猩猩后告诉父母，以及最后1段“I’d like that. I’ll come and visit Coco!”可推知，Farah是一个善良且有爱心的人，因为她关心猩猩并愿意做志愿者。 5．本题为开放性问题，需结合保护野生动物的主题作答，且字数不少于15词。示例答案表达了通过植树和宣传来保护动物的意愿，符合要求。 二、阅读理解 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 （2026·吉林·中考真题）One day, a little boy and a little girl were playing happily in their neighborhood. The boy showed the girl his beautiful cards. 1 They were both interested in each other’s things. The boy said, “I’ll give you all my cards if you give all your candies to me.” 2 The boy secretly put his most beautiful card in his pocket, and then gave the others to the girl. The girl kept her promise and gave all her candies to the boy. That night, the girl felt really happy to have the cards. She played the cards with her parents and then went to bed with a smile. 3 He regretted keeping the card. He was afraid of losing his friend. The next morning, the boy visited the girl. He told her the truth and gave his most beautiful card to the girl. The girl showed her understanding and said, “It doesn’t matter.” 4 Then they played cards and ate candies together. Friendship is a two-way street. 5 If we are honest to each other, we may have a true friendship. A．She went to the park. B．However, the boy was worried. C．The girl showed the boy some candies. D．The boy felt lucky to have such a friend. E．Honesty is quite important in friendship. F．The girl agreed because she wanted to have the cards. 【答案】1—5 CFBDE 【导语】本文讲述了一个小男孩和小女孩交换礼物的故事。男孩在交换时藏起了自己最漂亮的一张卡片，但事后感到内疚，第二天主动承认错误，女孩宽容谅解，两人重归于好，故事说明了诚实在友谊中的重要性。 【详解】1．前文说“男孩给女孩看了他漂亮的卡片”，后文说“他们对彼此的东西都感兴趣”。C项“The girl showed the boy some candies.”与前后文逻辑一致，点明了女孩展示的东西。 2．本段讲交换约定。前文说“如果你把你的糖果都给我，我就把我的卡片都给你”，后文说“男孩偷偷把他最漂亮的一张卡片放进口袋，然后把其余的给了女孩”，此处应说明女孩同意了。F项“The girl agreed because she wanted to have the cards.”与前后文衔接自然，解释了女孩答应的原因。 3．本段讲晚上的感受。前文说“女孩开心地玩着卡片，笑着入睡”，后文说“他后悔藏起了那张卡片，害怕失去朋友”。B项“However, the boy was worried.”与前后文形成对比，点明了男孩的内心感受。 4．本段讲第二天和解。前文说“女孩表示理解”，后文说“然后他们一起玩卡片、吃糖果”。D项“The boy felt lucky to have such a friend.”与前后文逻辑一致，点明了男孩对女孩的感激。 5．此处是文章结尾总结。前文说“友谊是双向的”，后文说“如果我们彼此诚实，我们可能拥有真正的友谊”。E项“Honesty is quite important in friendship.”与前后文逻辑一致，点明了故事的核心寓意。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Same or Different 课时7 Section B（Project）分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 重点词汇变式 1. lazier laziest hard-working 2.performance performer 3.congratulate 4.disappear appearance 5.seriously 6.strengthen weakness 7.slimmer slimmest 8.please pleasant pleased 9.interesting interested 10. different difference differently 11. humorous 12. less least 13. dishonest honestly honesty 14. directly indirect indirectly 15. similarities difference similar 16. accidental 17. expected unexpected expectation 18. touching touched 一、用所给提示或者所给词的适当形式填空。 1．【答案】situations 2．【答案】accident/ccident 3．【答案】characters 4．【答案】exchanges 5．【答案】touch/ouch 6．【答案】similarities 7．【答案】faster 二、完成句子 1．【答案】 as tall as 2．【答案】 In my opinion 3．【答案】 in some ways 4．【答案】 are ready to help 5．【答案】 by accident 6．【答案】 lend him a hand 7．【答案】 care about 8．【答案】 silver lining 9．【答案】 as early as 10．【答案】 makes a big difference to 三、词汇练习 【答案】1．compare 2．noisy 3．attend 4．expect 5．touch 一、完形填空 【答案】1—5 CADBA 6—10 BCBAA 二、选词填空 【答案】1．characters 2．exchange 3．situation 4．expected 5．reach 一、完形填空 【答案】1—5 BCABA 6—10 CDCDB 二、阅读理解 【答案】1—4 ACAB 三、补全短文 【答案】1—5 AFEDC 一、任务型阅读 【答案】1．On her parents’ farm in Malaysia. 2．Logging sites, big farms and illegal hunters. 3．They are going to give him vaccinations and send him to the orangutan school. 4．She is kind and caring. Because she cares about Coco and wants to be a volunteer. 5．I would like to protect them by planting more trees and telling people not to hunt them illegally.(言之有理即可) 二、阅读理解 【答案】1—5 CFBDE 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $