Unit 5 Languages Around the World 一轮复习考点分层版 导学案 -2027届人教版高三英语必修第一册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了必修第一册Unit 5“世界语言”主题下的核心考点，涵盖词汇（如refer, base, means）、短语（date back to）、句型（be of +抽象名词, no matter where…）及语篇语法填空、写作等题型，通过“词块织网”按时间演变、书写方式、文化价值三维度整合知识点，以任务驱动引导学生自主构建知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于自主学习支持与核心素养融合设计，如“词块织网”的填空式思维导图及150词微语篇写作，培养语言能力；“熟词生义猜词训练”结合语境猜测与迁移造句，提升思维品质；“读后续写微技能”的动作链升级表助力表达精准化。每个模块配有“小试牛刀”自测练习，学生可自主诊断薄弱点，教师能依据学情精准指导，有效培养学生自主复习能力，支持因材施教。

高中英语必修第一册Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD一轮复习 ◆ 单元导入 本单元围绕"世界语言"展开，核心话题是汉字的起源与发展、语言与文化的关系。一轮复习不只是记单词、刷习题，更要把散落的知识点织成网，在语境中活化运用。本手册以"汉字与中国文化"为核心素材，贯穿词汇、语法、写作各题型，通过词块织网、一句多变、猜词迁移、微技能切片等方式，实现旧材新做、深度复习。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 核心语篇 阅读下面短文，注意文中标注的核心词汇和句型。本篇将贯穿后续词汇、语法、写作各环节。 The Chinese Writing System The Chinese writing system is one of the oldest writing systems in the world. 【Dating back to】 several thousand years ago, the earliest Chinese writing 【was based on】 pictures and symbols. People carved symbols on animal bones and shells, which are now 【referred to】 as oracle bone inscriptions. Over the centuries, the system developed into different forms, but it has always been 【a means of】 uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, 【no matter where】 Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. That writing system 【was of great importance】 in passing down Chinese culture from generation to generation. However, learning Chinese characters is a 【struggle】 for many foreigners. They often 【demand】 to know the best way to 【appreciate】 Chinese culture through language. In my view, reading classic works is 【equal to】 having a dialogue with ancient Chinese people. 【By no means】 should we abandon this precious cultural heritage. —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 词块织网 围绕"汉字与中国文化"主题，将本单元词汇按三个维度编织成词块网络。先完成填空式思维导图，再用这些词块写一段150词左右的微语篇（向外国友人介绍汉字）。 【维度一：时间演变】 汉字的历史脉络：________ (追溯到) several thousand years ago → the Qin Dynasty → 【developed into】 different forms → even today 关键表达：date back to / date from / over the centuries / develop into / from generation to generation 【维度二：书写方式】 汉字的形成与载体：________ (以……为基础) pictures and symbols → 【carved on】 animal bones and shells → 【referred to as】 oracle bone inscriptions 关键表达：be based on / carve…on… / refer to…as… / a means of / symbols and pictures 【维度三：文化价值】 汉字的文化意义：________ (非常重要) in uniting the Chinese people and culture → 【no matter where】 they live, they can communicate in writing → 【equal to】 having a dialogue with ancient people 关键表达：be of great importance / unite people and culture / no matter where / appreciate Chinese culture / by no means 【输出任务】 用以上三个维度的词块，写一段150词左右的短文，向你的外国笔友介绍汉字。要求至少使用5个本单元核心词块。 写作提示：开头介绍汉字地位（one of the oldest）→ 中间按时间/方式/价值三个维度展开 → 结尾发出呼吁（by no means should we abandon…） —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 考点分层突破 第一层·核心词汇 ❶ refer (referred, referred, referring) vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 提到；参考；查阅 查询；叫……求助于 refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 refer…to… 把……送交给…… refer to…as… 把……称作…… reference n. 提及；参考；参考书目 referable adj. 可归因的 refer to中的to为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词 注意双写r：referred, referring 【小试牛刀】 1. In her autobiography she occasionally refers ________ her unhappy schooldays. 2. "Big change requires big ideas," he said, ________ (refer) broadly to the need to improve education. 3. In order to read foreign ________ (refer) materials, he has learnt four foreign languages. 4. The discovery ________ (refer) to as a major breakthrough in technology. ❷ base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 以……为据点；以……为基础 底部；根据 base…on/upon… 把……建立在……基础上 be based on/upon… 以……为基础/依据 on the basis of 根据；基于 on a regular/daily basis 定期/每天 basic adj. 基本的；基础的 basis n. 准则；方式；基础 base（动词）vs basis（名词） on the basis of = based on 【小试牛刀】 1. We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures ________ (base) on a simple cue. 2. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work ________ (base) on our present mental state. 3. ________ (basic), you will never be a true friend unless you are positive. 4. My suggestion is to group students ________ the basis of their language ability. ❸ means n.方式；方法；途径 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 方式；方法；途径 a means of ……的一种手段/方法 by every means 用尽一切办法 by means of 用……办法；借助…… by all means 可以；没问题 by no means 绝不；一点也不 meaning n. 意义；意思 meaningful adj. 有意义的 means单复数同形：every means（单数谓语）/ many means（复数谓语） by no means置于句首时，句子用部分倒装 【小试牛刀】 1. As ________ means of transportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length. 2. Up to now, all possible means ________ (use) to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 3. Up to now, every possible means ________ (use) to prevent air pollution. 4. By no means ________ (should) we abandon this precious cultural heritage. ❹ appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 增值 appreciate (one's) (doing) sth 欣赏/感激（某人）做某事 I would appreciate it if… 如果……我会不胜感激 appreciation n. 欣赏；鉴定；感激 appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的 appreciate后接宾语从句时，前面加形式宾语it 类似用法：hate, dislike, love, like, depend on 【小试牛刀】 1. I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales and it gave me a new ________ (appreciate) of children's literature. 2. There is no one who appreciates ________ (ask) about some minor details of his or her life. 3. I am writing to express my ________ (appreciate) for what you have done to help me. 4. Since this is my first time in China, I would appreciate ________ if you could recommend some Chinese dishes to me. ❺ struggle n. & vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 struggle with 与……斗争 struggle for 为争取……而斗争 struggle against 与……斗争；为反对……而斗争 struggle to do sth 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 struggler n. 奋斗者；挣扎者 struggle to do sth = make great efforts to do sth struggle with（与……斗争）vs struggle for（为……斗争） 【小试牛刀】 1. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle ________ debt and misfortune. 2. He had a difficult life, ________ (struggle) with mental illness and poverty, but found comfort in painting. 3. Many of their families were struggling ________ (make) ends meet. 4. Though he was badly wounded, he ________ (挣扎着站起来) and went on running. ❻ equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的 v.比得上；敌得过 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 同等的人；相等物 相同的；同样的 比得上；敌得过 A equals B in… 在……方面A比得上B be equal to+n./doing sth 等于；与……相等；胜任 equality n. 相等；平等 equally adv. 相等地；平等地 be equal to中的to为介词，后接名词/动名词 equal作动词时，过去式/过去分词：equaled/equalled 【小试牛刀】 1. Little pleasure can be equal ________ that of a cool drink in hot summer. 2. The teacher is popular because he treats the students as his ________ (equal). 3. Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides ________ (equal) contact and share with each other. 4. First, nobody can equal me ________ oral English in our class. ❼ demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问 释义 搭配/用法 派生词 辨析 要求；需求 强烈要求；需要 查问 be in great demand 需求量很大 a demand for 对……的需求 satisfy/meet one's demands 满足某人的需求 demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that… 要求……（从句用(should+)动词原形） demanding adj. 要求高的；费力的 表达"要求某人做某事"不能说demand sb to do sth 要用demand that sb (should) do sth 【小试牛刀】 1. All the residents nearby demanded that the nightclub ________ (move) away as soon as possible. 2. The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are ________ (demand), but they can also be extremely rewarding. 3. More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand ________ clean energy. 4. This dictionary, written by Professor Li, ________ (需求量很大) since it was published. —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第二层·核心短语 ❶ date back (to…) 追溯到 相关短语：date from 追溯到；out of date 过时的；陈旧的；up to date 现代的；最新的。 注意：date back (to…)一般无进行时态，也无被动语态，其后接时间点。 【小试牛刀】 1. The traditional friendship between our two peoples ________ (date) back to ancient days. 2. The hospital buildings, in common with many others in this country, are sadly ________ of date. 3. ________ (追溯到18世纪), Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 4. Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history, ________ (date) back to more than 1,000 years ago. —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 第三层·核心句型 ❶ be of + 抽象名词 "be of + 抽象名词"相当于"be + 形容词"，说明主语的特质。常见抽象名词：importance, value, use, help, benefit, significance等，常用great, little, some, much等修饰。 例句：That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 【小试牛刀】 1. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great ________ (important). 2. You will find the map ________ great value in helping you travel around London. 3. Based on the above chart, 12% of the students suppose that visiting English learning websites ________ (对……有很大好处) their English study. 4. We can also plant some trees or flowers, ________ (对环境非常重要). ❷ no matter where… 不论何地…… no matter where引导让步状语从句，相当于wherever，意为"不论何地"。同样用法：whenever(=no matter when), however(=no matter how), whatever(=no matter what), whoever(=no matter who)。 注意：whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 例句：Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 【一句多变升级链】 针对以上教材原句，完成以下句式升级： Step 1（合并为定语从句）：Even today, Chinese people can all still communicate in writing, ________ enables them to preserve their cultural identity, no matter where they live. Step 2（改为倒装强调）：Only by means of writing ________ they still communicate with each other, no matter where they live or what dialect they speak. Step 3（嵌入图表作文）：The results suggest that ________ what methods students choose to learn English, they should lay a solid foundation in vocabulary and grammar. 【小试牛刀】 1. No matter ________ bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 2. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter ________ you are. 3. ________ it is, no matter ________ small it might seem, write it down. 4. I found the courses in senior high were much more difficult than before. ________ (无论我学习多么努力), I still couldn't learn them well, which frustrated me greatly. —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 语篇语法填空 【基础篇】（10空，考查时态语态、非谓语、冠词、介词、连词等） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The main reason 1.________ China's ancient civilisation has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It 2.________ (date) back to several thousand years ago, with the use of longgu — animal bones and shells on 3.________ symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as people were divided geographically, 4.________ (lead) to many dialects and characters. However, this changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country 5.________ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great 6.________ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or 7.________ dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. Written Chinese has also become an important means by 8.________ China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works 9.________ (write) by Chinese people in ancient times. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning 10.________ (appreciate) China's culture and history through this amazing language. 【拓展篇】（逻辑衔接词填空，3-5空） 在以上语篇的基础上，填入恰当的逻辑衔接词（如however, therefore, besides, as a result等），使语篇逻辑更连贯。 1.________, the Chinese writing system has undergone dramatic changes over thousands of years.（段首，引出话题） 2.________, this system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.（段间，总结上文） 3.________ China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of foreigners are beginning to learn Chinese.（段尾，引导原因/时间状语） —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 熟词生义猜词训练 先根据语境猜测黑体词的含义，再对照验证，最后用该义项造句迁移。 1. capital ① Don't forget to put a capital letter on a proper name, like the name of a place or person. ② We put a capital of ￡20,000 into the business, but we're unlikely to see any return for a few years. 验证：①大写字母 ②资金；资本 迁移造句：用capital的"资金"义造句：________ 2. case ① Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do justice to the case. ② The police have several suspects in the case of five murders committed in Gainesville, Florida. ③ The crown, decorated with diamonds and other precious stones, was exhibited in a special case. 验证：①情况；情形 ②案件；案子 ③箱子；盒子 迁移造句：用case的"案件"义造句：________ 3. character ① To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the railway. ② The unique character of the mountain village attracts tens of thousands of visitors each year. ③ Perhaps there is a negative side to his character that you haven't seen yet. ④ The Chinese character Fu will be attached upside down to the front door during the Spring Festival. 验证：①人物；角色 ②特点；特色 ③性格；品质 ④文字；汉字 迁移造句：用character的"汉字"义造句：________ 4. charge ① So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out. ② The paper charged her with using the company's money for her own purposes. ③ She drove the car round the block to charge its batteries. ④ The local museum doesn't charge for admission on weekends. ⑤ His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away. ⑥ The bull put its head down and charged. 验证：①费用；收费 ②指控；控告 ③充电 ④收费；要价 ⑤负责；掌管 ⑥冲锋；猛冲 迁移造句：用charge的"负责"义造句：________ —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 构词法——前缀 de- 前缀de-表示"去除；向下；降低；相反"。指出下列黑体词的含义，并归纳de-的构词规律。 1. The Himalayan red panda is the rarer of the two. Major threats to red pandas include deforestation and habitat loss. 2. Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending no problem exists, we can grow. 3. Dry land ecosystems cover about 40% of land on earth and support more than 2 billion people, and, once degraded, they are difficult to restore. 4. Be very careful, because your words have destructive power too. 5. A few days later, when Sara was hesitating about declining the offer, her high school principal called her. 归纳：de- + 名词/动词/形容词 → 表示"去除/降低/相反/向下"。例：deforest（砍伐森林）、devalue（贬值）、degrade（退化）、destructive（破坏性的）、decline（下降；拒绝）。 —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 读后续写微技能——生气与愤怒 一轮复习不追求写完整篇，而是打磨可迁移的微模块。以下是"生气与愤怒"的情绪阶梯+动作链升级表，可像积木一样嵌入任何读后续写场景。 情绪层级 基础表达 动作链升级（动作+神态+环境） annoyed （恼怒的） pull a long face （拉下脸） froze for a second, with his jaw tightening （僵了一下，下巴紧绷） angry （生气的） stamp one's foot （跺脚） clenched his fists, knuckles turning white （攥紧拳头，指节发白） furious （狂怒的） explode with rage （勃然大怒） slammed the door behind him, the walls echoing （砰地关上门，墙壁回荡） enraged （暴怒的） burst into anger （勃然大怒） eyes blazing with fury, voice trembling with rage （眼中怒火燃烧，声音因愤怒而颤抖） 【微技能操练】 用以上动作链升级表达，完成以下句子： 1. He ________ and could hardly control his rage.（用灼热的目光怒视着我，几乎控制不住怒火） 2. Suddenly the captain ________.（突然，船长勃然大怒） 3. He wore a ________ on his face, rushing out of the room in a burst of anger.（不满的表情） 4. There were times when even the smallest mistake would make him ________.（大发脾气） —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 图表作文升级——数据叙事 【原题回顾】 [2022·全国乙卷] 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English beyond the classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1. 学习活动状况描述；2. 简单评论；3. 你的建议。 【升级方向：从"描述"到"归因+辩证建议"】 高一练"数据描述"，一轮练"批判性思维+高级衔接"。在原有三段式基础上，增加以下两个思维台阶： 台阶一：归因分析（Why?） Why do 65% prefer songs and movies while only 12% visit websites? 引导学生从以下角度分析： • accessibility（易获取性）：songs and movies are easily accessible on smartphones • entertainment（娱乐性）：entertaining methods spark students' interest • self-discipline（自律性）：websites require more self-discipline and focus 台阶二：辩证建议（While…, …） While entertaining methods spark interest, reading books and visiting websites lay a solid foundation.（训练while引导的让步对比） 高级表达库： • While…, it is equally important to…（虽然……，但同样重要的是……） • Despite the popularity of…, we should not overlook…（尽管……很流行，我们不应忽视……） • A balanced approach combining…with…would be most effective.（结合……和……的平衡方法最有效） 【升级范文】 Learning English beyond the classroom Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, a significant number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom. It can easily be seen from the chart that 65% of students prefer listening to English songs and watching movies, while only 12% visit English learning websites. The remaining 23% read English books. Why do songs and movies dominate? The main reason is accessibility — students can enjoy them anytime on their phones. Besides, entertaining methods naturally spark interest. Websites, however, require more self-discipline and focus, which may explain their lower popularity. While entertaining methods spark interest, it is equally important to lay a solid foundation through reading and structured learning. From my perspective, a balanced approach combining fun with systematic study would be most effective. The results suggest that no matter what methods students choose, they should maintain consistent practice. —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 写作迁移——向外国友人推荐学汉字 【写作任务】 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack来信说他对中国汉字很感兴趣，但不知道如何入手。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：1. 汉字的魅力与价值；2. 学习汉字的建议；3. 鼓励与期待。 【结构框架】 第一段：回应来信，引出汉字话题 I'm writing to share my thoughts on learning Chinese characters, which I believe you will find fascinating. 第二段：汉字的魅力与价值（运用词块织网的三维度） Dating back to… / be based on… / be of great importance… / no matter where… 第三段：学习建议+鼓励 My suggestion is to… / By no means should you… / I would appreciate it if… 【参考范文】 Dear Jack, I'm glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese characters. I'm writing to share my thoughts on this amazing writing system, which I believe you will find fascinating. Chinese characters are one of the oldest writing systems in the world. Dating back to several thousand years ago, the earliest writing was based on pictures and symbols. People carved symbols on animal bones and shells, which are now referred to as oracle bone inscriptions. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. Learning characters is equal to having a dialogue with ancient Chinese people. My suggestion is to start with the most common characters and practice writing them every day. You can also read simple Chinese stories to see how characters are used in context. By no means should you give up when you find it difficult — it is a struggle but worthwhile. I would appreciate it if you could write to me in Chinese sometime. Looking forward to your progress! Yours, Li Hua —————————————————————————————————————————————————— ◆ 课后拓展活动 【限制性命题练习】给定本单元词汇和语法范围，模仿高考题型互相命题，交换做题。 命题范围：必用词汇（refer to, base on, means, appreciate, struggle, equal, demand, date back to）；必用语法（be of+n., no matter…, it is…that…强调句）。 示例：The traditional friendship between our two peoples __________ (date) back to ancient days, __________ (appreciate) by people of both countries. —————————————————————————————————————————————————— 参考答案与解析 ◆ 考点分层突破 第一层·核心词汇 ❶ refer 1. to refer to"提到；涉及"。 2. referring 现在分词作伴随状语。 3. reference 名词作定语，reference materials"参考资料"。 4. is referred 被动语态，refer to…as…"把……称作……"。 ❷ base 1. based 过去分词作状语，based on"基于"。 2. is based 被动语态，be based on"以……为基础"。 3. Basically 副词作状语，"基本上"。 4. on on the basis of"根据；基于"。 ❸ means 1. a a means of"……的一种方法"。 2. have been used all means为复数，现在完成时被动语态。 3. has been used every means为单数，现在完成时被动语态。 4. should by no means置于句首，句子用部分倒装。 ❹ appreciate 1. appreciation 名词作宾语，"欣赏；感激"。 2. being asked appreciate doing sth"感激做某事"，被动语态。 3. appreciation 名词作宾语，express one's appreciation for"对……表示感谢"。 4. it I would appreciate it if…"如果……我会不胜感激"，it为形式宾语。 ❺ struggle 1. against/with struggle against/with"与……斗争"。 2. struggling 现在分词作伴随状语。 3. to make struggle to do sth"努力做某事"。 4. struggled to his feet struggle to one's feet"挣扎着站起来"。 ❻ equal 1. to be equal to"等于；与……相等"。 2. equals 名词复数，"同等的人"。 3. equally 副词修饰动词contact。 4. in equal sb in…"在……方面比得上某人"。 ❼ demand 1. (should) be moved demand that…从句用虚拟语气"(should)+动词原形"，被动语态。 2. demanding 形容词作表语，"要求高的；费力的"。 3. for a demand for"对……的需求"。 4. has been in great demand be in great demand"需求量很大"，现在完成时。 第二层·核心短语 ❶ date back (to…) 1. dates 一般现在时，date back to"追溯到"，无被动语态。 2. out out of date"过时的；陈旧的"。 3. Dating back to the 18th century 现在分词作状语。 4. dating 现在分词作定语，"追溯到"。 第三层·核心句型 ❶ be of + 抽象名词 1. importance 名词，be of great importance"非常重要"。 2. of be of great value"很有价值"。 3. is of great benefit to be of benefit to"对……有益"。 4. which is of great importance to the environment / which is very important to the environment 定语从句。 ❷ no matter where… 【一句多变升级链】 Step 1: which 非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。 Step 2: can only by means of置于句首，句子用部分倒装。 Step 3: no matter no matter what"无论什么"，引导让步状语从句。 【小试牛刀】 1. how no matter how"无论怎样"，修饰形容词bad。 2. where no matter where"无论哪里"。 3. Whatever; how whatever=no matter what；no matter how修饰形容词small。 4. No matter how hard I studied no matter how引导让步状语从句。 ◆ 语篇语法填空 【基础篇】 1. why 定语从句关系副词，先行词为reason。 2. dates 一般现在时，date back to"追溯到"，无被动语态。 3. which 定语从句关系代词，介词on后用which。 4. leading 现在分词作结果状语。 5. where 定语从句关系副词，先行词为country。 6. importance 名词，be of great importance"非常重要"。 7. what no matter what"无论什么"，引导让步状语从句。 8. which 定语从句关系代词，介词by后用which。 9. written 过去分词作定语，"被书写的"。 10. to appreciate begin to do sth"开始做某事"。 【拓展篇】 1. Interestingly / Historically 副词作状语，引出话题。 2. Therefore / Thus 副词作状语，总结上文。 3. As 引导原因/时间状语从句，"随着"。 ◆ 熟词生义猜词训练 1. capital ①大写字母 ②资金；资本 2. case ①情况；情形 ②案件；案子 ③箱子；盒子 3. character ①人物；角色 ②特点；特色 ③性格；品质 ④文字；汉字 4. charge ①费用；收费 ②指控；控告 ③充电 ④收费；要价 ⑤负责；掌管 ⑥冲锋；猛冲 （迁移造句为开放性练习，答案略） ◆ 构词法——前缀 de- 1. deforestation 砍伐森林；森林采伐 2. devaluing 贬低；使贬值 3. degraded 退化的；降级的 4. destructive 破坏性的；毁灭性的 5. declining 下降；拒绝 ◆ 读后续写微技能——生气与愤怒 1. glared at me with burning eyes （答案不唯一，合理即可） 2. exploded with rage / burst into anger 3. dissatisfied expression / look of discontent 4. lose his temper / fly into a rage ◆ 图表作文升级——数据叙事 （本部分为写作指导和范文，无配套练习题） ◆ 写作迁移——向外国友人推荐学汉字 （本部分为写作指导和范文，无配套练习题） ◆ 课后拓展活动 （本部分为拓展活动，无配套练习题） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $