2026年沪教版英语(小升初)名词单复数专项练习

**基本信息** 以“标志识别-类别判断-语法核对”三步法为核心，系统覆盖名词复数规则/不规则变化、国人口诀等类型，通过多题型训练强化语言应用与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |通用步骤+分类训练|规则/不规则/复合名词等5类填空（30+题）、中考基础选择（10题）|三步解题法+记忆口诀（如“中日不变，英法变”）|从单一规则到复合变化，构建“识别-变化-验证”完整思维链| |综合应用题型|适当形式填空/改错/互译（各5-10题）|错误分析+语境应用|从基础变形到语用场景，提升语言理解与表达能力|

名词单复数专项练习题 一、通用做题步骤（名词变复数） 步骤①：看标志词：many / some / several / 数词two/five… / these/those / are → 后面名词要用复数。 步骤②：判断名词类别： 1）规则变化： ①一般直接加‑s； ②s/x/sh/ch结尾加‑es； ③辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es；元音字母+y结尾直接加‑s； ④f/fe结尾，多数变f/fe为v再加‑es； ⑤o结尾：有生命（hero,tomato,potato）+es；无生命（photo,zoo）直接+s。 2）不规则变化：man‑men；woman‑women；goose‑geese；foot‑feet；tooth‑teeth；mouse‑mice；child‑children，需要记忆。 3）国人口诀：中日不变，英法变，其余‑s加后面。 4）单复同形：sheep、deer、fish。 5）复合名词：普通名词，只变后面名词；man/woman作定语，前后两个名词都变复数。 步骤③：结合句子含义，核对语法是否匹配。 一、填空题 1.规则变化类 1. book ________ 2. map ________ 3. bus ________ 4. box ________ 5. watch ________ 6. dish ________ 7. baby ________ 8. boy ________ 9. leaf ________ 10. knife ________ 11. shelf ________ 12. wolf ________ 13. hero ________ 14. tomato ________ 15. photo ________ 16. zoo ________ 2.不规则变化类 1. man ________ 2. woman ________ 3. goose ________ 4. foot ________ 5. tooth ________ 6. mouse ________ 7. child ________ 3.某国人单复数 1. Chinese ________ 2. Japanese ________ 3. Englishman ________ 4. Frenchman ________ 5. American ________ 6. German ________ 4.单复同形 1. sheep ________ 2. deer ________ 3. fish ________ 5.复合名词变复数 1. apple tree ________ 2. vegetable noodle ________ 3. woman teacher ________ 4. man doctor ________ 二、单项选择（中考基础题型） 1. I have two new ____ on my desk. A. book B. books C. a book 2. There are five ____ in the classroom. A. man B. men C. mans 3. Look, three ____ are swimming in the river. A. goose B. geese C. gooses 4. I can see many ____ on the farm. A. sheep B. sheeps C. sheepes 5. There are some ____ on the table. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos 6. Two ____ are talking under the tree. A. woman B. women C. womans 7. These ____ are sharp. Don’t touch them. A. knife B. knives C. knifes 8. We are ____, we live in China. A. Chinese B. Chineses C. a Chinese 9. There are ten ____ in our hospital. A. man doctor B. men doctors C. man doctors 10. A lot of ____ like watching cartoons. A. child B. children C. childs 三、用所给单词适当形式填空 1. I can see five ____ (leaf) on the ground. 2. There are many ____ (mouse) in the old house. 3. Three ____ (German) visited our school yesterday. 4. These ____ (woman teacher) are very kind. 5. My grandpa grows many ____ (potato) in his garden. 6. Look! Two ____ (child) are playing football. 7. There are some ____ (dish) on the table. 8. I have two ____ (brush) in my schoolbag. 9. Those ____ (hero) are my idols. 10. We are ____ (Chinese), they are ____ (American). 四、改错（划出错误单词并写出正确形式） 1. There are three box on the desk. ________ 2. I saw many mouses last night. ________ 3. Two man doctors work in this hospital. ________ 4. These baby are very cute. ________ 5. There are five tomato in the bowl. ________ 6. She has two knife. ________ 五、英汉互译（巩固词汇复数） 1. 三把小刀 ____________ 2. 五片树叶 ____________ 3. 六个孩子 ____________ 4. ten women teachers ____________ 5. many tomatoes ____________ 6. two Englishmen ____________ 名词单复数专项练习｜详细解析+做题步骤 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1.规则变化类 1. book →books 做题步骤：book普通名词，一般情况直接加‑s。 2. map →maps 做题步骤：一般情况，直接加‑s。 3. bus →buses 做题步骤：bus以s结尾，加‑es。 4. box →boxes 做题步骤：box以x结尾，加‑es。 5. watch →watches 做题步骤：watch以ch结尾，加‑es。 6. dish →dishes 做题步骤：dish以sh结尾，加‑es。 7. baby →babies 做题步骤：baby辅音字母b+y结尾，变y为i再加‑es。 8. boy →boys 做题步骤：boy元音字母o+y结尾，直接加‑s，不用变y。 9. leaf →leaves 做题步骤：f结尾，变f为v再加‑es。 10. knife →knives 做题步骤：fe结尾，变fe为v再加‑es。 11. shelf →shelves 做题步骤：f结尾，变f为v再加‑es。 12. wolf →wolves 做题步骤：f结尾，变f为v再加‑es。 13. hero →heroes 做题步骤：o结尾，hero英雄是有生命，加‑es。 14. tomato →tomatoes 做题步骤：o结尾，西红柿有生命，加‑es。 15. photo →photos 做题步骤：o结尾，photo照片无生命，直接加‑s。 16. zoo →zoos 做题步骤：o结尾，zoo动物园无生命，直接加‑s。 2.不规则变化类 1. man →men 做题步骤：不规则，a变e。 2. woman →women 做题步骤：不规则，a变e。 3. goose →geese 做题步骤：oo变ee。 4. foot →feet 做题步骤：oo变ee。 5. tooth →teeth 做题步骤：oo变ee。 6. mouse →mice 做题步骤：特殊不规则，mouse老鼠复数mice，不要写mouses。 7. child →children 做题步骤：特殊不规则，child‑children。 3.某国人单复数（口诀：中日不变，英法变，其余‑s加后面） 1. Chinese →Chinese 做题步骤：中国人，中日不变，单复数一样。 2. Japanese →Japanese 做题步骤：日本人，中日不变，单复数一样。 3. Englishman →Englishmen 做题步骤：英法变，man变为men。 4. Frenchman →Frenchmen 做题步骤：英法变，man变为men。 5. American →Americans 做题步骤：其余‑s加后面，直接加s。 6. German →Germans 做题步骤：德国人，不属于man结尾，直接加s，不要写Germen。 4.单复同形（词形不变） 1. sheep →sheep 做题步骤：绵羊单复数相同，不能写sheeps。 2. deer →deer 做题步骤：鹿单复数同形。 3. fish →fish 做题步骤：鱼，条数不变；指不同种类鱼可用fishes；本题基础练习填fish。 5.复合名词变复数 1. apple tree →apple trees 做题步骤：普通名词作定语，只把后面中心名词变复数，apple不变。 2. vegetable noodle →vegetable noodles 做题步骤：普通名词作定语，变后面noodle为noodles。 3. woman teacher →women teachers 做题步骤：woman作定语，前后两个名词全部变复数。woman→women；teacher→teachers。 4. man doctor →men doctors 做题步骤：man作定语，前后都变复数。man→men；doctor→doctors。 二、单项选择 1. I have two new ____ on my desk. A. book B. books C. a book ✅答案：B 做题步骤：看到数词two（两个），后面名词必须用复数。book复数books。 2. There are five ____ in the classroom. A. man B. men C. mans ✅答案：B 做题步骤：are、five提示复数；man不规则复数men，没有mans这种形式。 3. Look, three ____ are swimming in the river. A. goose B. geese C. gooses ✅答案：B 做题步骤：three、are提示复数；goose鹅，oo变ee，复数geese，没有gooses。 4. I can see many ____ on the farm. A. sheep B. sheeps C. sheepes ✅答案：A 做题步骤：many提示复数；sheep单复同形，复数仍然sheep。 5. There are some ____ on the table. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos ✅答案：B 做题步骤：are、some提示复数；tomato有生命o结尾，加‑es→tomatoes。 6. Two ____ are talking under the tree. A. woman B. women C. womans ✅答案：B 做题步骤：two、are提示复数；woman复数women，没有womans。 7. These ____ are sharp. Don’t touch them. A. knife B. knives C. knifes ✅答案：B 做题步骤：these、are提示复数；knife fe结尾，变fe为v+es→knives。 8. We are ____, we live in China. A. Chinese B. Chineses C. a Chinese ✅答案：A 做题步骤：we are，复数；Chinese中国人单复数不变，没有Chineses。 9. There are ten ____ in our hospital. A. man doctor B. men doctors C. man doctors ✅答案：B 做题步骤：ten、are提示复数；man修饰名词，前后全部变复数→men doctors。 10. A lot of ____ like watching cartoons. A. child B. children C. childs ✅答案：B 做题步骤：a lot of提示复数；child复数children，没有childs。 三、用所给单词适当形式填空 >做题步骤：先找句中提示词：many/five/these/are/those，确定需要复数，再变形。 1. I can see five ____ (leaf) on the ground. ✅答案：leaves 解析：five五片，leaf f结尾变f为v+es →leaves。 2. There are many ____ (mouse) in the old house. ✅答案：mice 解析：many很多，mouse老鼠不规则复数mice。 3. Three ____ (German) visited our school yesterday. ✅答案：Germans 解析：three三个，German德国人，直接加s，Germans。 4. These ____ (woman teacher) are very kind. ✅答案：women teachers 解析：these这些；woman作定语，前后名词都变复数。 5. My grandpa grows many ____ (potato) in his garden. ✅答案：potatoes 解析：many许多；potato土豆o结尾有生命，加‑es。 6. Look! Two ____ (child) are playing football. ✅答案：children 解析：two两个；child不规则复数children。 7. There are some ____ (dish) on the table. ✅答案：dishes 解析：are、some；dish sh结尾，加‑es。 8. I have two ____ (brush) in my schoolbag. ✅答案：brushes 解析：two两把；brush刷子sh结尾，加‑es。 9. Those ____ (hero) are my idols. ✅答案：heroes 解析：those那些；hero英雄o结尾有生命，加‑es。 10. We are ____ (Chinese), they are ____ (American). ✅答案：Chinese; Americans 解析：we are，Chinese单复数不变；they are，American复数直接加s。 四、改错（划出错误单词并写出正确形式） >做题步骤：①找数词/are提示；②看名词有没有用复数；③写出改正结果。 1. There are three box on the desk. ________ 错误：box；改正：boxes 解析：three三个，box x结尾复数加‑es。 2. I saw many mouses last night. ________ 错误：mouses；改正：mice 解析：many许多，mouse老鼠复数是mice，不是mouses。 3. Two man doctors work in this hospital. ________ 错误：man；改正：men 解析：two两个，man修饰doctor，man要变为men。 4. These baby are very cute. ________ 错误：baby；改正：babies 解析：these这些，baby辅音+y结尾，变y为i+es。 5. There are five tomato in the bowl. ________ 错误：tomato；改正：tomatoes 解析：are、five，tomato复数加‑es。 6. She has two knife. ________ 错误：knife；改正：knives 解析：two两把，knife fe结尾变fe为v+es。 五、英汉互译 1. 三把小刀 ____________ ✅three knives 解析：three三把；knife复数knives。 2. 五片树叶 ____________ ✅five leaves 解析：five五片；leaf复数leaves。 3. 六个孩子 ____________ ✅six children 解析：six六个；child复数children。 4. ten women teachers ____________ ✅十位女教师 解析：woman作定语，前后都变复数。 5. many tomatoes ____________ ✅许多西红柿 解析：tomatoes复数形式。 6. two Englishmen ____________ ✅两个英国人 解析：Englishman复数Englishmen。 名词复数记忆口诀（学生背诵版）： 1. 一般直接加s；s/x/sh/ch，后面要加es； 2. 辅y变i加es，元y直接加s； 3. f/fe变ves；英雄土豆西红柿，o后要加es；照片动物园直接s； 4. 国人口诀：中日不变，英法变，其余后面s加； 5. man/woman修饰名词，前后名词都变样； 6. sheep、deer鱼，单复数形一个样； 7. man‑men；woman‑women；goose‑geese；foot‑feet；tooth‑teeth；mouse‑mice；child‑children特殊记。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $