必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 分层作业本-【名师带你过关】2026-2027学年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

**基本信息** 以“太空探索”主题为线索，系统整合词汇变形、短语应用、语篇填空及句型翻译，构建从基础到综合的语言能力训练体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词形变化填空|8题|考查动词、名词等词性转换|从词根词缀到语境词性辨析，强化构词法应用| |选词填空|6题|固定短语语境辨析|聚焦短语搭配与语义衔接，提升语境应用能力| |语境词汇串记|10空|主题语篇语法填空|围绕太空探索整合词汇与语法，构建主题知识网络| |经典句型翻译|4题|特定语法结构翻译|从句型结构到语义表达，强化语法规则应用| |阅读理解|1篇|科普类文本理解|训练信息提取与推理能力，关联主题文化意识| |完形填空|1篇|社会现象类语篇|考查上下文逻辑与词汇辨析，提升语篇思维品质| |语法填空|1篇|语法综合应用|综合考查词法与句法，巩固语法知识体系|

Unit 4　Space Exploration 【基础知识达标】 维度一 1.determined　determination 2.disappointed　disappointing　disappointed　disappointment 3.independent　independence　depend 4.limited　limitless/unlimited 5.argument　argued　6.analysis　analyzed 7.mentally　mental　8.attach　attached 维度二 1.resulted in　2.had run out　3.carry on　4.in the hope of　5.figured out　6.provide for 维度三 1.carrying　2.themselves　3.disappointed　4.For 5.otherwise　6.to explore　7.wasting　8.which 9.increasing　10.regularly 维度四 1.otherwise they would have accomplished the task in half the time 2.coming to the party 3.they are easy to get along/on with 4.Listening to the radio is a good way 【素养能力培优】 一、阅读理解 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家发现月球上可能存在比之前认为的更多地方和更大数量的冰冻水,且首次证实月球阳光照射的表面存在水,这对未来月球基地的宇航员来说是好消息,同时还介绍了月球不同区域水的存在形式、分布以及水的来源等相关研究情况。 1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知,水对于太空探索极为重要,故选A。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知,阴影区域富含冰冻水,故选B。 3.C　词义猜测题。根据第五段可知,“them”指代上文提到的“Cold traps(冷阱)”,即现在还无法识别冷阱内部的冰。故选C。 4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段可知,所以文章主要讲月球上的水比以往认为的更多,故选D。 二、完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了威尼斯为缓解过度旅游压力,实施付费进入历史中心计划及相关管理措施。 1.B　考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“The advertising video”可知,此处指的是威尼斯发起一场宣传活动,故选B。 2.A　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“Day⁃trippers to the canal city of Venice”以及下文“the entrance fee”可知,此处指的是进入该市历史中心的游客,故选A。 3.B　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Anyone 　8　 beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation will be 　9　 to fines.”可知,此处指的是没有支付进入该市历史中心的费用,游客将面临罚款,故选B。  4.C　考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Officials have avoided calling it a tax”以及下文“words like contribution”可知,官员们避免称其为税收,而是选择了更温和的词汇,故选C。 5.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites.”和“Day⁃trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to 　2　 the city􀆳s historic center”以及下文“the phenomenon”可知,此处指的是管理威尼斯过度旅游这一现象,故选C。  6.A　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“anyone who hasn􀆳t yet downloaded the QR code”以及常识可知,乘务员会帮助那些尚未下载二维码的人,故选A。 7.A　考查动词短语辨析。根据下文“for anyone without a smartphone”以及语境可知,此处指的是为没有智能手机的人设立支付点,故选A。 8.D　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“beyond designated(指定的) control places without the required documentation”可知,此处指的是在没有所需文件的情况下,在指定控制区域外被发现的人,故选D。 9.D　考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“to fines”以及语境可知,此处指的是可能遭受罚款,故选D。 10.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros.”可知,此处指的是罚款的范围,故选C。 11.B　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“An exemption voucher”可知,此处指的是颁发免除凭证,故选B。 12.D　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“people born in Venice”以及下文“of the region”可知,此处指的是在威尼斯出生的和该地区的居民,故选D。 13.B　考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents.”可知,此处指的是减少高峰日的游客数量,故选B。 14.D　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence”可知,此处指的是这则广告视频以Brugnaro在人工智能的帮助下说多种语言为特色,故选D。 15.A　考査名词词义辨析。根据上文“The advertising video”以及语境可知,此处指的是这则广告视频已经成为热门,故选A。 三、语法填空 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四只特殊小鼠通过一系列测试,与神舟二十一号乘组一同在中国空间站完成了一项非凡任务。它们在空间站舒适的环境中积极活动、探索,其太空适应情况能帮助科学家研究太空环境对生物的影响,最终安全返回地球并带回宝贵数据。 1.an　考查不定冠词。mission泛指“一项非凡的任务”,“extraordinary”发音以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故填an。 2.pioneers　考查名词的数。前面有“these”修饰,pioneer为可数名词,需用复数形式。故填pioneers。 3.placed　考查非谓语动词。with+宾语+宾语补足语结构中,the mice与 place为被动关系,用过去分词作宾补。故填placed。 4.for　考查介词。for+时间段表示动作持续的时间,此处for a set duration意为“持续一段固定时间”。故填for。 5.resistance　考查名词。作介词的宾语,用名词,resist的名词形式为 resistance,为不可数名词,意为“抵抗力”。故填resistance。 6.that/which　考查定语从句。先行词为conditions,指物,从句could cause space motion sickness缺少主语,引导定语从句可用that或which。故填that/which。 7.comfortable　考查形容词。修饰名词temperatures需用形容词comfortable。故填comfortable。 8.curiously　考查副词。修饰动词exploring,需用副词 curiously。故填curiously。 9.affects　考查时态。从句主语为living in space(动名词短语作主语,视为单数),陈述客观研究内容用一般现在时,故谓语动词第三人称单数形式。故填affects。 10.bringing　考查非谓语动词。“小鼠安全返回地球”与“带回宝贵数据”为主动关系,用现在分词作结果状语,表“返回时带回数据”。故填bringing。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4　Space Exploration (限时训练:50分钟) 　　　　　　　　　　　 维度一词形变化填空 1.When asked whether he was 　　　　　　to be an astronaut, the boy just looked at me with 　　　　　　.(determine)  2.What 　　　　　　me was not the 　　　　　　result of the match. It was your 　　　　　　look that gave me a strong sense of 　　　　　　.(disappoint)  3.Most of us are longing to be 　　　　　　from our parents, because our 　　　　　　shows that we􀆳ve grown up but when meeting with difficulties, we􀆳ll have to 　　　　　　on our parents.(depend)  4.A person􀆳s life is 　　　　　　but knowledge is 　　　　　　.(limit)  5.An 　　　　　　about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference and some people 　　　　　　that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue)  6.Unsatisfied with the results of the 　　　　　　, the researchers 　　　　　　the data again.(analyze)  7.He is 　　　　　　and physically healthy. That is to say, he has 　　　　　　and physical health.(mental)  8.Many parents 　　　　　　great importance to getting a good education at this school 　　　　　　to Peking University.(attach)  维度二选词填空 in the hope of　　run out　　 result in figure out　　 carry on　　 provide for 1.Only after he failed a second time did he realize that it was his laziness that 　　　　　　his failure.  2.My car broke down on the way to the beach because petrol 　　　　　　.  3.We must 　　　　　　till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.  4.Mankind is exploring space 　　　　　　finding out more about the universe.  5.We are anxious to know whether you have 　　　　　　how much the trip will cost altogether.  6.She􀆳d have sufficient money to 　　　　　　her children until she could find a job.  维度三语境词汇串记 Mankind has managed to create facilities and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe. They launch rockets 1. 　　　　　　(carry) satellites. Many intelligent people around the globe are determined to devote 2. 　　　　　　(they) to space exploration, even though fatal space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 3. (disappoint). Besides, when living in space, the astronauts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later. 4. 　　　　　　lack of gravity, their muscles become weak. They have to tape everything up, 5. 　　　　　　they would float around. They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient food and oxygen. However, people􀆳s desire 6. 　　　　　　(explore) space never dies.   China is the third country to send humans into space independently. This signals a giant leap forward for China. Some people argue that we should stop 7. (waste) time and money on space exploration, 8. 　　　　　　is a shallow view. Our planet􀆳s resources are limited, and as a result, we should find a new home to provide for the ever 9. (increase) population. In closing, we attach great importance to solving the mystery about space and will carry on with space exploration 10. (regular).  维度四经典句型翻译 1.工人们没有被组织好,否则他们会用一半的时间完成任务的。(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句) The workers were not better organized, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.   2.你知道来参加聚会的人数吗?(现在分词短语作定语) Do you know the number of people   　?　　　　　　　　  3.我真诚地邀请你和我们一起过春节。你会发现这里的人很友好,他们很容易相处。(主语+be+ adj.+to do …) I sincerely invite you to spend Spring Festival with us. You􀆳ll find people here friendly and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.   4.听录音机是提高你听力技能的好方法。 (动名词短语作主语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to improve your listening skill.   一阅读理解 The moon may hold frozen water in more places and in larger quantities than previously suspected. And for the first time, the presence of water on the moon􀆳s sunlit surface has been confirmed, scientists reported. That􀆳s good news for astronauts at future lunar bases who could tap into these resources for drinking and making rocket fuel. More than 40,000 square kilometers of lunar surface have the capability to trap water in the form of ice, according to a team led by the University of Colorado􀆳s Paul Hayne. That􀆳s 20% more area than previous estimates, he said. These latest findings expand the possible landing spots for robots and astronauts. The presence of water in sunlit surfaces had been previously suggested, but not confirmed. The molecules (分子) are so far apart that they are in neither liquid nor solid form, said lead researcher Casey Honniball of NASA􀆳s Goddard Space Flight Center. And NASA􀆳s astrophysics director Paul Hertz said it􀆳s too soon to know whether this water — found in and around the southern hemisphere􀆳s sunlit Clavius Crater — would be accessible. As for the shadowed areas believed to be rich in frozen water near the moon􀆳s north and south poles, temperatures are so low that they could hold onto the water for millions or even billions of years. These so⁃called cold traps get down to minus 163 degrees Celsius. Using data from NASA, the researchers identified the size of cold traps and used computer models to get all the way down to micrometers in size. “Since the little ones are too small to see from orbit, despite being vastly more numerous, we can􀆳t yet identify ice inside them,” Hayne said, “Once we􀆳re on the surface, we will do that experiment.” Scientists believe all this water on the moon came from comets, asteroids (小行星), interplanetary dust, the solar wind or even lunar volcanic eruptions. They􀆳ll have a better idea of the sources “if we can get down on the surface and analyze samples of the ice,” Hayne said. 1. What can be inferred from the text? A. Water is extremely crucial for space exploration. B.Researchers identified cold traps using computers. C.Scientists knew well the sources of water on the moon. D.Cold traps are found in and around the southern hemisphere. 2. What do we know from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A. The presence of water hasn􀆳t been confirmed. B.Shadowed areas are abundant in frozen water. C.Water can be easy to obtain on the moon soon. D.Water molecules on the moon are closely connected. 3. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A.Data.　　　　　B.Sunlit surfaces. C.Cold traps. D.Computer models. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. The sources of water on the moon. B.Water ice is widespread on the moon. C.Good news for astronauts at lunar bases. D.Moon holds more water than ever thought. 二完形填空 Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays, it is launching a(n) 　1　 campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year.  Day⁃trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to 　2　 the city􀆳s historic center will face 　3　 starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for 　4　 words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better 　5　 the phenomenon.  Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards (乘务员) who will remind them of the new requirement and 　6　 anyone who hasn􀆳t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码). Payment places will be 　7　 for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone 　8　 beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation will be 　9　 to fines. These will 　10　 from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros.  An exemption voucher (免除凭证) will be 　11　 to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and 　12　 of the region.  Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on 　13　 days, encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents.  The advertising video, 　14　 Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a 　15　.  1. A.recycling B.advertising C.welcoming D.marketing 2. A.enter B.evaluate C.decorate D.promote 3. A.pays B.fines C.rewards D.compensations 4. A.harder B.plainer C.softer D.smarter 5. A.acknowledge B.interpret C.manage D.highlight 6. A.assist B.trace C.monitor D.identify 7. A.set up B.moved away C.torn down D.taken over 8. A.left B.sent C.thought D.found 9. A.ready B.forced C.applied D.subject 10. A.distinguish B.arise C.range D.differ 11. A.made B.issued C.printed D.collected 12. A.students B.workers C.stewards D.residents 13. A.clear B.peak C.gloomy D.ordinary 14. A.opposing B.catching C.anticipating D.featuring 15. A.hit B.kick C.strike D.beat 三语法填空 Have you ever wondered what it􀆳s like to be a mouse in space? Recently, four special mice completed 1. 　　　　　　extraordinary mission aboard China􀆳s space station alongside the Shenzhou⁃XXI astronaut crew. Far from ordinary lab mice, these little 2. 　　　　　　(pioneer) were carefully selected through a series of fun but challenging tests. The first stage assessed physical fitness, with the mice 3. 　　　　　　(place) on a specially designed “exercise bike”, where they had to maintain their position 4. 　　　　　　a set duration. The next challenge focused on motion sickness 5.　　　　　　 (resist). Using a two⁃dimensional rotating (旋转) device, researchers helped the mice adapt to conditions 6. 　　　　　　could cause space motion sickness. Ultimately, the four best⁃performing mice earned their “boarding passes” to space.  Inside the space station, the mice lived in a specially designed home with 7. 　　　　　　(comfort) temperatures and cozy shelter nests. Cameras showed them actively climbing, eating space food, and 8. 　　　　　　(curious) exploring their new environment — floating included!  These tiny astronauts are helping scientists understand how living in space 9. 　　　　　　(affect) living beings. Since mice share many genes with humans, studying their adaptation in space brings us closer to answering big questions: Can humans live in space for a long time? How does zero gravity change our bodies? After their space mission, the mice returned safely to Earth, 10. (bring) back valuable data.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $