选择性必修第一册 Unit 4 Body Language 学习讲义-【名师带你过关】2026-2027学年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考核心考点，系统整合词汇（基础词、重点词、词性变形等）、语法（部分否定句型）及写作（应用文、续写）模块，知识点按“基础巩固—能力进阶—语境应用”逻辑架构，通过考点梳理（如核心词汇用法拓展）、方法指导（词性变形规律总结）、真题训练（微语境小测）等环节，帮助学生构建完整知识网络，突破高频难点。 资料创新采用“真题语境驱动”教学法，如“微语境·小测”融入广东模考题，培养学生语言能力；词性跃迁模块通过对比分析构词规律，提升思维品质。设置分层练习（基础自测、拓展应用），配合即时反馈，确保高效复习，助力学生掌握应考策略，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供科学指导。

一、词能自测·基础词 1.demonstrate vt. 　　　　　  2.gesture n. 　　　　　  3.intervene vi. 　　　　　  4.interpret vt. 　　　　vi.& vt. 　　　　  5.trial n.&v. 　　　　　  6.ultimately adv. 　　　　　  7.reveal vt. 　　　　　  8.distract vt. 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1.(25-26·广东深圳高三上期中)　,  they decided to set out on the trip of a lifetime following Harper􀆳s graduation. 2.(2025·广东一模)Unluckily, a brave security guard noticed the crime and tried to stop the thieves when they set a small fire to 　　　　　　others.  3. Your eyes could 　　　　　　how fast you􀆳re aging, according to new research from McMaster University and the Population Health Research Institute.  4. “Hey you!” could be 　　　　　　as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially ifaccompanied by a gentle smile.  5. There􀆳s a growing body of evidence that 　　　　　how verbal abuse in childhood has long⁃term impacts.  二、词能自测·重点词 1. 　　　　　　vi.& vt. 哭泣;流泪  2. 　　　　　　vt. 当场看到;目击;见证　n. 目击者;证人  3. 　　　　　　vi.& vt. 费心;麻烦;因……操心　n. 麻烦;不便  4. 　　　　　　vi. 盯着看;凝视　n. 凝视  5. 　　　　　　n. 发生的事情;严重事件;冲突  6. 　　　　　　n. 矛盾;冲突　vi. 冲突;抵触  7. 　　　　　　n. 故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势　vi. 摆好姿势　vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)  8. 　　　　　　vt.&vi. (使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向  9. 　　　　　　vt. 使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清  10. 　　　　　　vt. 把……放低;降低;减少 adj. 下面的;下方的;较小的  [微语境·小测] 1.(2026·广东模拟预测)Buying local food, therefore, has a(n) 　　　　　　carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly.  2.(2025·广东一模)I was 　　　　　　at a fish pond, my devoted rescue dog Misty nearby, when suddenly I passed out.  3. Over the decades, Pantaleoni has 　　　　　　a shift in the wine making world: women entering the field on their own terms.   4. After graduation, she conducted vital research on herbal medicines, 　　　　　long⁃standing confusion over plant species.   5. Young children often 　　　　　　about what foods they want to eat, preferring a small range of foods, and are unwilling to try new meals.   6. We should take the time to consider other people􀆳s opinions, even when they 　　　　　　with our own.  三、词性跃迁·变形实战 1. approve vi. 赞成;同意　vt. 批准;通过 →　　　　　　 n. 赞成;同意;批准  →　　　　　　 adj. 赞许的;赞成的  2. slight adj. 轻微的;略微的;细小的 →　　　　　　 adv. 略微;稍微  3. assess vt. 评估;评价 →　　　　　　 n. 评价;评定  4.tend vt.& vi. 照料;护理 vi. 倾向于;有……的趋势 → 　　　　　　n. 趋势;倾向  5. bare adj. 赤裸的;光秃秃的;空的 →　　　　　 adv. 几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚  6. adjust vt. 调整;调节 vi.& vt. 适应;(使)习惯→　　　　　　 adj. 可调整的;可调节的  →　　　　　　 n. 调整;调节;适应  7. interact vi. 相互交流;相互影响 →　　　　　　 n. 交流;相互影响  8. rely vi. 依赖;信赖 →　　　　　　 adj. 可靠的;可信赖的  9. react vi. (对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应 →　　　　　　 n. 反应;副作用  [微语境·小测] 1.(2025·广东二模)Fortunately, a few strategies can help us find 　　　　　　(rely) medical information. First, check the author and website.  2.(25-26·广东高三上月考)The main 　　　　　　(adjust) — such as venue changes — have been confirmed in advance.  3. The student worked hard on her research paper, hoping to gain her teacher􀆳s 　　　　　　(approve) of the final version.  4. If a certain species becomes extinct, it may cause a chain 　　　　　　(react), leading to the collapse of the entire ecological system.   5. Several students were injured by the falling rocks during the climbing, luckily, they were only 　　　　　　(slight) hurt.  四、文词进阶·拓展词汇 1. mutter vi.& vt. 　　　　　  vt.&vi. 　　　　　  2.obsessive adj. 　　　　　  3.gaze at 　　　　　  4.substitute n. 　　　　　  vi.& vt. 　　　　　  [微语境·小测] 1.(2025·广东汕尾模拟预测)She would often lie on the grass in her backyard, 　　　　　the stars and clouds for hours.  2. Eight⁃year⁃old Xiao Ming sat with his head in his hands, 　　　　　　to himself as he tried to beat an AI⁃powered robot at a game of chess.   3. People who often feel uncomfortable with others may turn to fictional characters as 　　　　　　.   4. It bothers me a lot that my daughter is too 　　　　　　about buying different lipsticks.  五、词组攻坚·语境搭链 1. 　相比之下  2. 　推理;推断  3. 　换句话说;也就是说  4. 　有某种影响;在工作  5. 　消除;分解;打破  [微语境·小测] 1.(2025·广东汕尾一模)　,  to make the decision, your brain takes into account your past experiences and your memories. This step is key. 2.(25-26·广东高三上月考)When people experience post⁃traumatic (创伤后的) growth, 　　　　　　　　　, they identify improvements in their lives.  3. To solve this reading comprehension problem, you have to 　　　　　　　　from the context rather than finding direct answers in the text.   4. It is important to 　　　　　　　　large groups into smaller teams. As when people work in a large group, they are more likely to avoid contributing.  5. If a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues 　　　　　　　　.  Part Ⅰ　核心词汇 vary 　vi. (根据情况)变化;改变 (25-26·广东深圳高三下调研考)Humans have about 20,000 genes, but their expression varies widely across cell types, such as neurons, muscle cells, or skin cells.人类约有2万个基因,但其表达在不同细胞类型(如神经元、肌肉细胞或皮肤细胞)中存在显著差异。 (1)vary from … to … 由……到……不等 vary in在……上不同 (2)various adj.各种各样的;多姿多彩的 (3)variety n. 不同种类;多样化 a variety/varieties of各种各样的 单句语法填空 ①The temperature in this area varies 　　　　　　season 　　　　　　season.  ②The artist has painted the scene from 　　　　　　(vary) viewpoints.  ③It􀆳s up to the teacher to provide a 　　　　　　(vary) of types of input in the classroom.  ④There are different 　　　　　　(vary) of plants in the garden.  favor 　vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于 n. 帮助;恩惠;赞同 (2025·广东模拟预测)The initial plan that Jake and Lisa had favored wasn􀆳t working as well as expected. 杰克和丽莎最初倾向的方案并未如预期般奏效。 (1)in favor of支持;赞同 in sb􀆳s favor对某人有利 do sb a favor帮某人个忙 ask sb a favor请某人帮忙 (2)favorable adj.有利的;适宜的;赞成的;合理的 完成句子 ①His arguments 　　　　　　　　a new school are very persuasive.  他赞成办一所新学校的理由很有说服力。 ②Having prior experience is a point 　　　　　　　　during the job interview.  拥有相关经验是你在求职面试中的一个优势。 ③May I 　　　　　　　　and borrow your notes from yesterday􀆳s lecture?  我能请你帮个忙,借用一下你昨天的课堂笔记吗? differ 　vi. 相异;不同于 (2025·广东清远一模)SonicBoom differs from existing sensors by using contact microphones to detect vibrations when an object is touched. SonicBoom的独特之处在于使用接触式麦克风探测物体被触碰时产生的振动,这使其区别于现有传感器。 (1)differ from … in … 与……在……方面不同 (2)different adj.不同的 be different from … 与……不同 be different in … 在……方面不同 (3)difference n.不同(之处) make a difference有影响 一句多译/完成句子 ①这两个民族在传统服饰方面很不一样。 →The two nations 　　　　　　each other 　　　　　　their traditional costumes.  →The two nations are 　　　　　　　　their traditional costumes.  ②Even one small act of kindness could 　　　　　　　　　　to others􀆳 life.  即使是一个小小的善意行为也能影响别人的生活。 reliable　 adj.可靠的;可信赖的 (25-26·广东广州高三上月考)Buses run at steady 20⁃minute intervals, offering a reliable schedule for commuters and sightseers alike. 巴士每20分钟准时发车,为通勤者和观光客提供了可靠的班次时刻表。 (1)rely vt. 依赖;依靠;信赖;相信 rely on/upon sb/sth 依靠;依赖 rely on sb to do sth 相信/依赖某人做某事 (2)reliably adv.可靠地;确实地 (3)reliability n.可靠性;可信性 单句语法填空 ①A 　　　　　　(rely) partner is what we need most in this cooperation.  ②Car buyers are more interested in safety and 　　　　　　(rely) than speed.  ③Nobody can 　　　　　　(rely) predict which way the stock market will move.  ④Nowadays many people rely 　　　　　　the Internet for news and information.  distinguish 　vi.& vt.区别;辨别 (25-26·广东高三上月考)The immune system􀆳s primary role is to distinguish foreign microbes from the body􀆳s own cells and then attack them. 免疫系统的主要功能是区分外来微生物与人体自身细胞,进而攻击这些外来物质。 (1)distinguish between … and … 区分……和…… distinguish … from … 把……与……区分开来 (2)distinguished adj.著名的;卓越的;杰出的 be distinguished for/as … 因/作为……而闻名 单句语法填空 ①She distinguished herself 　　　　　　a young pianist at the age of sixteen.  ②Sometimes, it is hard to distinguish one twin 　　　　　　the other.  ③The village is 　　　　　　(distinguish) for its traditional houses with stone walls and roofs made of seaweed.   adjust 　vt. 调整;调节　vi.& vt. 适应;(使)习惯 At the event, the robots are observing adjusting formations, passing, and shooting, displaying real⁃time decision⁃making on the field. 在赛事中,机器人实时观察并调整阵型、完成传球与射门动作,展现出场上即时决策能力。 (1)adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth (使某人)适应(做)某事 (2)adjustment n. 调整;适应 (3)adjustable adj.可调节的 单句语法填空 ①To our delight, the kids quickly adjusted themselves 　　　　　　the situation.  ②The mechanic timely made some necessary 　　　　　　(adjust) to the engine.  ③This desk has a(n) 　　　　　　(adjust) height, which allows it to be used by both children and adults.  Part Ⅱ　核心句型 部分否定 (25-26·广东深圳高三上月考)Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. 并非所有人都认为这种外置记忆的趋势是好事。从历史上看,记忆辅助设备曾价格高昂。 部分否定的常见形式有:all, both, each, every, everyone, everybody, everything, always, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的词与否定词连用时,构成部分否定。 汉译英 ①智者并非总是发言,但总是细心聆听。     ②并非一切有价值的东西都能用金钱衡量。     ③我并不完全同意你,尽管你的主要观点是合理的。     一、应用文增分练 假定你是李华,你们学校举行了关于“Body language”的讨论,请你写一篇英语报道向校报投稿。内容包括: 1.学生的观点; 2.肢体语言的文化差异; 3.你的建议。 【完成句子】 1.上周进行了一场关于肢体语言在跨文化交际中的影响的激烈讨论。(witness)     2.大多数学生赞成肢体语言因人而 异的观点。(in favor of; vary from … to …)     3.在某些国家点头意味着不同意;相比之下,在其他一些国家,则意味着认可。(by contrast; approval)     4.但并不是所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义,从而在交流中造成理解问题。(部分否定; pose)     5.微笑是一种通用的肢体语言,可以打破多种语言障碍。(break down)     6.为了促进跨文化交流,我们应该适当地使用肢体语言,并在必要时作出一些必要的调整。(adjust; 状语从句的省略)     【组句成篇】　 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。                 二、续写提能练 单词 1. nod v.点头 2. shake v.摇头 3. scratch v.挠(头) 4. pat v.轻拍 5. turn/twist v.转 6. bow v.低(头);鞠躬 短语 1. hang/drop/lower/bend one􀆳s head低头 2. raise one􀆳s head抬头 3. throw one􀆳s head back头往后仰 4. shake one􀆳s head摇头 5. put/hold/bury one􀆳s head in one􀆳s hands双手抱头 6. rest one􀆳s head on/against把头靠在……上面 7. head for/towards朝……走去 句型 1.Feeling ashamed, the boy lowered his head awkwardly. 男孩感到羞愧,尴尬地低下了头。 2.They nodded their heads in agreement. 他们点头同意。 3.Feeling embarrassed, he scratched his head, not knowing what to do next. 他感到尴尬,挠了挠头,不知道下一步该怎么办。 4.He stuck his head out around the door to see what was happening outside. 他把头伸到门外看看外面发生了什么事。 5.He twisted his head slightly and looked at her. 他微微转过头,抬眼看着她。 【微场景实战】 　“助人” I was walking in the street when a foreigner stopped us, saying something with anxiety. ①        (我不知道他在说什么,尴尬地挠了挠头,扭过头来寻求帮助。幸运的是,一位店主正把头伸出店外,我立即走向他求助。)The shop owner followed me to the foreigner and saw him sitting on the roadside, resting his head against his huge travel pack.         (店主解释说他现在一定需要医疗救助,让我们最好把他送到最近的医院。外国人听了,虚弱地点了点头,松了一口气。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4　Body Language 【筑基通关·知识锚点】 一、 1.表现;表达;说明;证明　2.手势;姿势;姿态 3.干预;介入　4.把……理解(解释)为　口译 5.审讯;审判;试验;试用　6.最终;最后 7.揭示;显示;露出　8.分散(注意力);使分心 微语境·小测 1.Ultimately　2.distract 　3.reveal　4.interpreted 5.demonstrates 二、 1.weep　2.witness　3.bother　4.stare　5.incident 6.conflict　7.pose　8.bend　9.clarify　10.lower 微语境·小测 1.lower　2.staring　3.witnessed 　4.clarifying 5.bother　6.conflict 三、 1.approval→approving　2.slightly　3.assessment 4.tendency　5.barely　6.adjustable→adjustment 7.interaction　8.reliable　9.reaction 微语境·小测 1.reliable　2.adjustments　3.approval　4.reaction 5.slightly 四、 1.私下抱怨;小声质疑　嘀咕;嘟囔 2.着迷的;迷恋的;难以释怀的　3.凝视;注视 4.代替者;代用品　(以……)代替;取代 微语境·小测 1.gazing at　2.muttering　3.substitutes　4.obsessive 五、 1.by contrast　2.make inferences　3.in other words 4.at work　5.break down 微语境·小测 1.In other words　2.by contrast　3.make inferences 4.break down　5.at work 【词句锐解·靶心精练】 Part Ⅰ 1.①from; to　②various　③variety　④varieties 2.①in favor of　②in your favor　③ask you a favor 3.①differ from; in; different in　②make a difference 4.①reliable　②reliability　③reliably　④on/upon 5.①as　②from　③distinguished 6.①to　②adjustments　③adjustable Part Ⅱ ①A wise person doesn􀆳t always speak, but always listens carefully. ②Not everything valuable can be measured by money. ③I don􀆳t entirely agree with you, though your main point is reasonable. 【写作提质·素养靶向练】 一、应用文增分练 【完成句子】 1.Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross⁃cultural communication./ Last week witnessed a heated debate concerning the impact of body language on cross⁃cultural interaction. 2.Most students are in favor of the view that body language varies from person to person./The majority of students are in favor of the idea that body language varies greatly from culture to culture. 3.Nodding means disagreement in some countries; by contrast, it stands for approval in some others. 4.Not all body language has opposite meanings, thus posing obstacles to mutual understanding. 5.A smile is a universal body language that can break down many language barriers. 6.When promoting cross⁃cultural communication, we should use body language properly and make adjustments if needed./When aiming to promote cross⁃cultural communication, we should employ body language appropriately and make adjustments where necessary. 【组句成篇】 Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross⁃culture communication. The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body languages varied from person to person. For example, nodding implies disagreement in some countries; by contrast, it means approval in some others. But not all body language has opposite meanings, thus posing understanding problems in communication. Smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers. To promote cross⁃culture communication, we should appropriately make use of body language and make some necessary adjustments if needed. 二、续写提能练 ①Not knowing what he was saying, I scratched my head with embarrassment and twisted my head for help. Fortunately, a shop owner was sticking his head out from his shop, I immediately headed him for help. ②The shop owner interpreted that he must be in need of medical help now and we􀆳d better send him to the nearest hospital. Hearing that, the foreigner nodded his head weakly and sighed with relief. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $