Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 知识背诵清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

2026-09-04
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摘要:

该高中英语知识清单围绕“Bridging Cultures”单元,系统梳理47个核心词汇及13个重难点词。从基础词汇的词义、词性、词形变化入手,逐步深化至搭配、拓展及语境运用,构建从基础到进阶的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇梳理—重难点突破”逻辑展开,通过词形对比、搭配拓展、语境示例强化语言能力,结合文化冲击、舒适区等概念渗透文化意识。每个词汇配运用实例和拓展延伸,助力学生夯实基础,提升跨文化沟通中的语言理解与表达能力。

内容正文:

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Step 1 词汇梳理 1.complex 1)adj.复杂的__ →n. 复杂性complexity 2)n. 楼群,小区;联合企业 2.adj.有抱负的;野心勃勃的ambitious →n.抱负;野心ambition 3.tutor n.家庭教师;导师 v.当家庭教师; 指导【运用】他教学生数学。He tutors students in math. 4.n. presentation /v.present 介绍展示;颁发授予 5. cn. messenger 送信员通信员 6.n. edition 版本;版次 → v.编辑 edit →n.编辑 editor 7.清楚响亮地说;明确表态 speak up 8.感觉自在无拘束 feel at home ——拓展 :感觉不自在不舒服 feel ill at ease 9.recall 1)词性 v/n. 2)意思(2)召回人员/残次品;回想 【运用】 Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Quyuan. 相传端午节的起源是为了追悼屈原的灵魂 10.v.(使)有资格qualify 使某人有资格... qualify sb to do ; qualify sb for adj.有资格的 qualified 某人有资格 be qualified to do ;be qualified for n.资格;学历qualification 获得...的资格 acquire /gain/have qualifications to do /for ... n.质量 quality n.数量quantity 11.adaptation n.(2)适应;改编(作品)→v._adapt__ 1)适应新的文化 adapt to new cultures; 对新文化的适应 adaption to new cultures. (记住:其核心搭配,无论名词或动词,表达对...适应,用介词_to_,由此你想到了哪个词?adjust/adjustment调整;适应) 2)电影改编版a film adaptation 3)拓展:区分adoption 采纳;领养——v. adopt Adj.能适应的,适应性强的 adaptable → n. adaptability 适应性 12.comfort 抽象名词具体化的典例 n. 1)作为抽象不可数名词的意思:舒适;安慰 将其具体化为:令人感到慰藉的人或物 E.g. 在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。A cup of hot milk on a cold night is a real comfort. 2)拓展:抽象名词具体化的常见名词: experience, danger, beauty,pleasure,pride,failure,success... 3) 【同族词】:令人舒服的/不舒服的comfortable/uncomfortable ;令人慰藉的 comforting 感到慰藉的comforted令人舒服地/不舒服地 comfortably /uncomfortably ;n.不适vt.使不适 discomfort 【运用】You’ll experience some minor discomfort during the treatment.治疗中你会稍感不适。 vt.安慰 e.g. 我妈妈安慰我说....My mother comforted me ,saying “.....” 13.文化冲击 culture shock How do you understand it?Culture shock is a feeling of confusion and anxiety that sb may feel when they live in or visit another country 文化冲击(指在异国生活或访问时的一种困惑不安的感觉) 【搭配】1)忍受/克服文化冲击 suffer from/overcome culture shock 2)reverse culture shock 逆向文化冲击(指离开旅居他乡的人们在回到母国后需要经历文化再次适应的过程) 14.舒适区 n.comfort zone How do you understand it?If a person is in the comfort zone , he or she does not work very hard and so does not produce the best possible results 舒适区,放松区(指人自我放松、不追求高效益的状态) 【搭配】1)走出我们的舒适区 get out of our comfort zone 2)拓展我们的舒适区 expand/stretch our comfort zone 15.adj. 压倒性的;无法抵抗的 overwhelming→vt. overwhelm 淹没;(感情上)使受不了,使不知所措;压垮,使应接不暇;打败,击垮) 16.adj.思乡的homesick →n.思乡病;乡愁 homesickness 17.reasonable adj.(3)有道理的;价格公道的;尚好的(放在名词前)→反义词 unreasonable 18.n. cn顾问 advisor/adviser 19.n.申请者 applicant (还记得参与者吗?participant) 【词族】 1)v.申请:应用;适用;涂抹 apply 2)n.申请;应用;适用;涂抹application 3)adj.应用的 applied e.g. applied chemistry/language/maths 4)adj.可应用的;适用的applicable e.g.This method is not applicable to me. 20.expectation 1)注意发音,区分expect的发音 【搭配】对...期望高 have great /high expectations of sb (unrealistic 不切实际的期望) 不负所望:(用动词)meet/satisfy/answer one’s expectations (用动词短语)live up to/come up to 辜负众望:1.用上面的否定形式 2.fail short of expectations 超过预期、出乎预料:be beyond one’s expectations=exceed one’s expectations 期望着...(作状语):in expectation of=expecting 【运用】The children’s black eyes were sparkling in expectation of/expecting all the things to come. 21.firm 1)词性(4) n./adj adv. 只用在: hold firm to one’s beliefs/principles 坚定信仰/原则 stand firm立场坚定 2)意思: n.公司adj.坚硬的;坚定的;强有力的 adv.牢牢地;坚定地 firmly 坚定地说 say sth.firmly; 紧紧地把某人搂在怀里hold sb firmly in one’s arms 22.insight n.(2)cn.深刻理解 使某人对...有深刻了解 give sb insights into ... un洞察力 a writer of great insight有深刻洞察力的作家 With a flash of insight I realized ... 我突然领悟到... 23.cn.背景setting 【拓展】:以...为背景 be set in 24.tremendous adj.大量的,巨大的;极好的 【拓展】:a tremendous explosion 巨大的爆炸声 A tremendous amount of work has gone into the project. 大量的工作已投入到这项工程。  It was a tremendous experience. 这是个了不起的经历。 25.expense 1)【词性】 n. 2)【搭配】:生活/家庭开支 living/household expenses 不惜一切代价 spare no expense 节省开支 cut down on one’s expenses 支付日常开支 cover daily expenses 由...负担费用 at sb’s expense 以...为代价 at the expense/cost of ... 3)【词族】 :adj昂贵的 expensive 26.(短语)花一大笔钱 cost an arm and a leg 27. adj.周围的surrounding cn.环境 surroundings ( 名词只有复数形式) 【拓展】:近义词 environment ,circumstance(常用复数),atmosphere,setting 28.mature 1)【词性】 adj./v. 2) 【词义】:adj.发育成熟的;(智力/情感)成熟的;(想法计划)慎重的 →v.发育成熟;(智力/情感)变得成熟 3)【词族】:un. 成熟 maturity → adj. 不成熟的 immature 【运用】就他的年龄来说他很成熟。He is very mature for his age. 29. depress 1)【词性】vt 2)【词义】:使抑郁;使消沉;使萧条 3)【词族】:adj.感到抑郁的 depressed→adj.令人抑郁的depressing →n. 抑郁,消沉;不景气,萧条期depression 4)【拓展】做某事令某人沮丧 it depresses sb to do /doing sth 【运用】It depressed me to be broke.身无分文令我感到沮丧。 感到许多人乱扔垃圾令我很沮丧。It depresses me to see many people littering around. the Depression/the Great Depression:(1929年及随后几年的)大萧条 30.boom 1) 【词性】 cn/vi 2)【词义】 :(经济)繁荣;人气激增;热潮; 3)【拓展】:同义词 prosper, thrive His business continued to prosper.他的生意持续兴隆。 New businesses thrive in this area. 新商家在这一地区蓬勃兴起。  Many people thrive on a stressful lifestyle.许多人喜欢有压力的生活方式。  thrive on...以某事为乐/从容应对 (尤指别人不喜欢或认为困难的事) 31.vt.加强,巩固strengthen 削弱weaken 32.deny 1) 【词性】 : vt 2)【词义】(2) 否认;拒绝给予 3)【搭配】:否认做了某事 deny doing sth. 拒绝给予某人某物deny sb sth 不可否认的是there is no denying that ... 4)【词族】:n. 否认;拒绝给予 denial 33. adj 乐观的 optimistic → 悲观的 pessimistic 【词族】 n.乐观主义者 optimist →n.悲观主义者:pessimist →n.乐观主义optimism →n.悲观主义pessimism 【搭配】:对...的乐观的/悲观的 be optimistic/pessimistic about 34.perspective 1)【词性】cn.(注意不要看做adj.) 2)【词义】(思考问题的)角度;观点 3)【搭配】获得全球视角gain a global perspective 从...的视角 from one’s perspective 对...的看法 one’s perspective on... 4)“观点和态度”词汇 attitude,view(point),standpoint, outlook;angle 35.cn.角;角度观点 angle (区分angel 天使) 【运用】:试着从另外一个角度来看这件事Try looking at the affair from a different angle 36.outlook 1)【词性】cn.(注意不要看做v.) 2)【词义】:cn 观点(世界观/人生观); 展望,前景; 景色风光 3)【运用】他是个对生活乐观的人。He is a man with an optimistic outlook on life. 4)【拓展】the country’s economic outlook 经济前景 The house has a pleasant outlook over the valley.景色 37.outcome 1)【词性】cn. 2)【词义】 结果=result 3)区分:income n.收入 output n.产量;输出 input n输入;come out 出来;出版 overcome v.克服 38.budget 1)【词性】n/v/adj. 2)【词义】n.预算v.制定预算,谨慎花钱 adj.价格低廉的,花钱少的(【拓展】) 3)【搭配】在预算内within budget ;超过预算 over budget;低于预算under budget 预算紧张on a tight budget ; have a tight budget for... a budget flight/hotel 便宜的航班/旅馆 39.cn.腰带;地带 belt 【搭配】系上安全带 fasten/tighten one’s seat belt 勒紧裤腰带过日子 tighten one’s belt 一带一路倡议 the Belt and Road Initiative 绿化带the green belt ;工业区 the industrial belt 【拓展】判断词义 He is a full-time author with six books under his belt. She has a couple of gold medals under her belt. have sth. under the sb’s belt 将...收为囊中之物 40.envoy 1)【词性】cn.(注意不要看做v) 2)【词义】使者;代表 3)【搭配】友好使者envoy of friendship 4)联想: ambassador cn.大使; representative cn.代表 ;messenger信使 embassy n.大使馆 diplomat cn.外交官 envy v/n羡慕 ;羡慕的目标 41.adv.真诚地 sincerely →adj真诚的sincere →un.真诚 sincerity 42. adj.符合逻辑的 logical →un.逻辑logic 43.vi合作cooperate →un.合作cooperation 44.据我所知 as far as I know; 就我而言 as far as I’m concerned 45.总之in summary /to sum up(in conclusion ,to conclude ,all in all, in short ,in a word) 46.一般来说generally speaking (personally/frankly/honestly/broadly/roughly speaking) 47.在旁边支持side with sb Step2 重难点 1. cite vt.引用;举例 【运用】英国经常被拿来用作工业强国衰落的例子。 Britain is often cited as a declining industrial power. 2. participate vi参与 参加...participate in... participant n.参与者 adj.参与的 participation n.参与 3. involve vt使参加;涉及;包含 involved adj.参加的;被牵扯的 参加... involve sb/oneself in.../ be/get involved in... involvement un参加 4.engage vt./vi(使)参加;雇用;参加;吸引;交战;(机器)啮合;与…有密切关系 engaged adj. 从事…的,忙于…的;电话占线的;已订婚的;(公用卫生间)被占用的 【搭配】1)从事于,忙于 be engaged in... 2)与...订婚 be engaged to sb (与...结婚get married to sb) 3)我有别的事要忙。I’m otherwise engaged. engagement n. 参加;婚约,订婚;;交战;聘用;(与……的)密切关系 【搭配】解除与...婚约 break off one’s engagement to sb. 5. v离开;启程 depart 从...启程到... depart from ...for... u/cn离开;启程 departure 出发时间departure time;登机口departure gate n.抵达 arrival 6.vt 使有动机;激励 motivate 激励某人做某事 motivate sb to do sth. 【词族】n. 动机;积极性 motivation n.动力;激励因素 →motivator→adj. 有动力的 motivated adj. 激励人心的motivating 7. expose vt(3)使暴露;揭发;使接触/面临/受...影响 【词族】exposure un.(3)暴露;揭发;接触、体验 exposed adj.暴露的;无遮蔽的;无保护的,易受攻击的 【搭配】使...暴漏于/接触/体验;向...揭发...expose ...to...; 暴漏于/接触/体验:be exposed to.. exposure to; 8. grasp 1)【词性】: v/n 2)【词义】:v.握紧;抓住机会;理解领会 3)【搭配】:抓住某人的手热情地握起来grasp one’s hand and shake it warmly; 抓住做某事的机会 grasp the opportunity of doing sth 理解某人的【词义】 grasp sb’s meaning 领会...的重要性 grasp the significance of ... 在/超出某人的理解能力 within/beyond sb’s grasp 精通....have a good grasp/command of... 【拓展】:根据例句猜【词义】grasp at straws: "Harry, you're grasping at straws if you think you can pass that exam by starting to study the night before. You'll never catch up, man! grasp at straws: to try all possible means to find a solution or some hope in a difficult or unpleasant situation, even though this seems very unlikely  (在危难中)抓救命稻草,不放过任何微小的机会 9. behave 1)【词性】: v 2)【词义】:He behaved as if he were an adult/like an adult.待人接物,以某种态度对待 “ Just behave,Tom.” 举止端正,守规矩 Each car behaves differently.(机器)运转 3)【搭配】: 表现得... behave +adv/like.../as if . 举止端正,守规矩behave oneself 4)同族词:adj.不守规矩的/守规矩的badly/well-behaved un. 行为举止behavior 10.dramatic 1)【词性】: adj. 2)【词义】:戏剧的;急剧的巨大的;激动人心的,给人印象深刻的;夸张的 3)【搭配】:戏剧艺术dramatic arts 剧增/巨变 a dramatic increase /change 激动人心的胜利a dramatic victory 出人意料的结果dramatic result 令人吃惊的消息dramatic news adv.戏剧地;明显地;引人注目地dramatically 【拓展】:drama cn.1)戏剧 He acted in radio dramas.他演过广播剧。 2)戏剧性事件 A powerful drama was unfolding before our eyes. 一个极富戏剧性的事件在我们的眼前上演了。 3)un.激动;刺激 It was an afternoon of high drama. 一个非常刺激的下午。 make a drama of ...:make a small problem or event seem more important or serious than it really is 小题大做;大惊小怪 11. gain 【词性】: v/n 【词义】:v.获得;增加;(钟表)走快n.增加;好处;利润 【搭配】:获得自信/经验gain confidence/experience; 体重增加 gain weight 表走快 gain +时间 gain ground 变得强大/成功/有效 从...得不到好处/...无济于事There is nothing to be gained by/from doing sth 获得某人的支持 gain support from sb.不劳而无获力 No pains, no gains. 得失....gain and loss 12. competence 【词性】: n 【词义】(正式用词)(能够胜任某项工作)能力 【词族】v.竞争 compete→adj.胜任的competent →adv 胜任地competently 【拓展】n.不胜任incompetence adj.不胜任的 incompetent 【搭配】专业能力 professional competence培养...的能力develop competence in a variety of skills 胜任...be competent in 【拓展】核心能力 core competence语言能力 language competence社交能力 social competence 表达英语水平高: have a good grasp/command of English have a high level of competence in English;have a high proficiency in English 表达胜任某项工作:be competent in; be qualified for ;be capable of;be up to (to为介词) be a perfect fit for;be suited for 13.initiative 【词性】:n.(不要看成adj.) 【词义】:cn.倡议,新方案; un.主动性;主动权 【词族】:initial adj.最初的;开头的;首字母的→ initiate vt.创始;发动;启蒙 【搭配】:主动做某事:take the initiative to do sth.=do sth on one’s initiative 一带一路倡议:the Belt and Road Initiative 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 知识背诵清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 知识背诵清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 知识背诵清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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