内容正文:
Unit 2 Bridging Cultures
Step 1 词汇梳理
1.complex 1)adj.复杂的__ →n. 复杂性complexity
2)n. 楼群,小区;联合企业
2.adj.有抱负的;野心勃勃的ambitious →n.抱负;野心ambition
3.tutor n.家庭教师;导师 v.当家庭教师; 指导【运用】他教学生数学。He tutors students in math.
4.n. presentation /v.present 介绍展示;颁发授予
5. cn. messenger 送信员通信员
6.n. edition 版本;版次 → v.编辑 edit →n.编辑 editor
7.清楚响亮地说;明确表态 speak up
8.感觉自在无拘束 feel at home ——拓展 :感觉不自在不舒服 feel ill at ease
9.recall 1)词性 v/n.
2)意思(2)召回人员/残次品;回想
【运用】 Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Quyuan.
相传端午节的起源是为了追悼屈原的灵魂
10.v.(使)有资格qualify 使某人有资格... qualify sb to do ; qualify sb for
adj.有资格的 qualified 某人有资格 be qualified to do ;be qualified for
n.资格;学历qualification 获得...的资格 acquire /gain/have qualifications to do /for ...
n.质量 quality n.数量quantity
11.adaptation n.(2)适应;改编(作品)→v._adapt__
1)适应新的文化 adapt to new cultures; 对新文化的适应 adaption to new cultures.
(记住:其核心搭配,无论名词或动词,表达对...适应,用介词_to_,由此你想到了哪个词?adjust/adjustment调整;适应)
2)电影改编版a film adaptation
3)拓展:区分adoption 采纳;领养——v. adopt
Adj.能适应的,适应性强的 adaptable → n. adaptability 适应性
12.comfort 抽象名词具体化的典例
n. 1)作为抽象不可数名词的意思:舒适;安慰 将其具体化为:令人感到慰藉的人或物
E.g. 在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。A cup of hot milk on a cold night is a real comfort.
2)拓展:抽象名词具体化的常见名词:
experience, danger, beauty,pleasure,pride,failure,success...
3) 【同族词】:令人舒服的/不舒服的comfortable/uncomfortable ;令人慰藉的 comforting
感到慰藉的comforted令人舒服地/不舒服地 comfortably /uncomfortably ;n.不适vt.使不适 discomfort
【运用】You’ll experience some minor discomfort during the treatment.治疗中你会稍感不适。 vt.安慰 e.g. 我妈妈安慰我说....My mother comforted me ,saying “.....”
13.文化冲击 culture shock How do you understand it?Culture shock is a feeling of confusion and anxiety that sb may feel when they live in or visit another country 文化冲击(指在异国生活或访问时的一种困惑不安的感觉)
【搭配】1)忍受/克服文化冲击 suffer from/overcome culture shock
2)reverse culture shock 逆向文化冲击(指离开旅居他乡的人们在回到母国后需要经历文化再次适应的过程)
14.舒适区 n.comfort zone
How do you understand it?If a person is in the comfort zone , he or she does not work very hard and so does not produce the best possible results 舒适区,放松区(指人自我放松、不追求高效益的状态)
【搭配】1)走出我们的舒适区 get out of our comfort zone
2)拓展我们的舒适区 expand/stretch our comfort zone
15.adj. 压倒性的;无法抵抗的 overwhelming→vt. overwhelm 淹没;(感情上)使受不了,使不知所措;压垮,使应接不暇;打败,击垮)
16.adj.思乡的homesick →n.思乡病;乡愁 homesickness
17.reasonable adj.(3)有道理的;价格公道的;尚好的(放在名词前)→反义词 unreasonable
18.n. cn顾问 advisor/adviser
19.n.申请者 applicant (还记得参与者吗?participant)
【词族】 1)v.申请:应用;适用;涂抹 apply
2)n.申请;应用;适用;涂抹application
3)adj.应用的 applied e.g. applied chemistry/language/maths
4)adj.可应用的;适用的applicable e.g.This method is not applicable to me.
20.expectation 1)注意发音,区分expect的发音
【搭配】对...期望高 have great /high expectations of sb (unrealistic 不切实际的期望)
不负所望:(用动词)meet/satisfy/answer one’s expectations
(用动词短语)live up to/come up to
辜负众望:1.用上面的否定形式 2.fail short of expectations
超过预期、出乎预料:be beyond one’s expectations=exceed one’s expectations
期望着...(作状语):in expectation of=expecting
【运用】The children’s black eyes were sparkling in expectation of/expecting all the things to come.
21.firm 1)词性(4) n./adj
adv. 只用在: hold firm to one’s beliefs/principles 坚定信仰/原则
stand firm立场坚定
2)意思: n.公司adj.坚硬的;坚定的;强有力的
adv.牢牢地;坚定地 firmly
坚定地说 say sth.firmly; 紧紧地把某人搂在怀里hold sb firmly in one’s arms
22.insight n.(2)cn.深刻理解 使某人对...有深刻了解 give sb insights into ...
un洞察力 a writer of great insight有深刻洞察力的作家
With a flash of insight I realized ... 我突然领悟到...
23.cn.背景setting
【拓展】:以...为背景 be set in
24.tremendous adj.大量的,巨大的;极好的
【拓展】:a tremendous explosion 巨大的爆炸声
A tremendous amount of work has gone into the project. 大量的工作已投入到这项工程。
It was a tremendous experience. 这是个了不起的经历。
25.expense 1)【词性】 n.
2)【搭配】:生活/家庭开支 living/household expenses
不惜一切代价 spare no expense
节省开支 cut down on one’s expenses
支付日常开支 cover daily expenses
由...负担费用 at sb’s expense
以...为代价 at the expense/cost of ...
3)【词族】 :adj昂贵的 expensive
26.(短语)花一大笔钱 cost an arm and a leg
27. adj.周围的surrounding
cn.环境 surroundings ( 名词只有复数形式)
【拓展】:近义词 environment ,circumstance(常用复数),atmosphere,setting
28.mature 1)【词性】 adj./v.
2) 【词义】:adj.发育成熟的;(智力/情感)成熟的;(想法计划)慎重的
→v.发育成熟;(智力/情感)变得成熟
3)【词族】:un. 成熟 maturity → adj. 不成熟的 immature
【运用】就他的年龄来说他很成熟。He is very mature for his age.
29. depress 1)【词性】vt
2)【词义】:使抑郁;使消沉;使萧条
3)【词族】:adj.感到抑郁的 depressed→adj.令人抑郁的depressing
→n. 抑郁,消沉;不景气,萧条期depression
4)【拓展】做某事令某人沮丧 it depresses sb to do /doing sth
【运用】It depressed me to be broke.身无分文令我感到沮丧。
感到许多人乱扔垃圾令我很沮丧。It depresses me to see many people littering around.
the Depression/the Great Depression:(1929年及随后几年的)大萧条
30.boom 1) 【词性】 cn/vi
2)【词义】 :(经济)繁荣;人气激增;热潮;
3)【拓展】:同义词 prosper, thrive
His business continued to prosper.他的生意持续兴隆。
New businesses thrive in this area. 新商家在这一地区蓬勃兴起。
Many people thrive on a stressful lifestyle.许多人喜欢有压力的生活方式。
thrive on...以某事为乐/从容应对 (尤指别人不喜欢或认为困难的事)
31.vt.加强,巩固strengthen 削弱weaken
32.deny 1) 【词性】 : vt
2)【词义】(2) 否认;拒绝给予
3)【搭配】:否认做了某事 deny doing sth.
拒绝给予某人某物deny sb sth
不可否认的是there is no denying that ...
4)【词族】:n. 否认;拒绝给予 denial
33. adj 乐观的 optimistic → 悲观的 pessimistic
【词族】 n.乐观主义者 optimist →n.悲观主义者:pessimist
→n.乐观主义optimism →n.悲观主义pessimism
【搭配】:对...的乐观的/悲观的 be optimistic/pessimistic about
34.perspective 1)【词性】cn.(注意不要看做adj.)
2)【词义】(思考问题的)角度;观点
3)【搭配】获得全球视角gain a global perspective
从...的视角 from one’s perspective
对...的看法 one’s perspective on...
4)“观点和态度”词汇 attitude,view(point),standpoint, outlook;angle
35.cn.角;角度观点 angle (区分angel 天使)
【运用】:试着从另外一个角度来看这件事Try looking at the affair from a different angle
36.outlook 1)【词性】cn.(注意不要看做v.)
2)【词义】:cn 观点(世界观/人生观); 展望,前景; 景色风光
3)【运用】他是个对生活乐观的人。He is a man with an optimistic outlook on life.
4)【拓展】the country’s economic outlook 经济前景
The house has a pleasant outlook over the valley.景色
37.outcome 1)【词性】cn.
2)【词义】 结果=result
3)区分:income n.收入 output n.产量;输出 input n输入;come out 出来;出版
overcome v.克服
38.budget 1)【词性】n/v/adj.
2)【词义】n.预算v.制定预算,谨慎花钱 adj.价格低廉的,花钱少的(【拓展】)
3)【搭配】在预算内within budget ;超过预算 over budget;低于预算under budget
预算紧张on a tight budget ; have a tight budget for...
a budget flight/hotel 便宜的航班/旅馆
39.cn.腰带;地带 belt
【搭配】系上安全带 fasten/tighten one’s seat belt
勒紧裤腰带过日子 tighten one’s belt
一带一路倡议 the Belt and Road Initiative
绿化带the green belt ;工业区 the industrial belt
【拓展】判断词义 He is a full-time author with six books under his belt.
She has a couple of gold medals under her belt.
have sth. under the sb’s belt 将...收为囊中之物
40.envoy 1)【词性】cn.(注意不要看做v)
2)【词义】使者;代表
3)【搭配】友好使者envoy of friendship
4)联想: ambassador cn.大使; representative cn.代表 ;messenger信使
embassy n.大使馆 diplomat cn.外交官
envy v/n羡慕 ;羡慕的目标
41.adv.真诚地 sincerely →adj真诚的sincere →un.真诚 sincerity
42. adj.符合逻辑的 logical →un.逻辑logic
43.vi合作cooperate →un.合作cooperation
44.据我所知 as far as I know; 就我而言 as far as I’m concerned
45.总之in summary /to sum up(in conclusion ,to conclude ,all in all, in short ,in a word)
46.一般来说generally speaking (personally/frankly/honestly/broadly/roughly speaking)
47.在旁边支持side with sb
Step2 重难点
1. cite vt.引用;举例
【运用】英国经常被拿来用作工业强国衰落的例子。 Britain is often cited as a declining industrial power.
2. participate vi参与 参加...participate in...
participant n.参与者 adj.参与的
participation n.参与
3. involve vt使参加;涉及;包含
involved adj.参加的;被牵扯的 参加... involve sb/oneself in.../ be/get involved in...
involvement un参加
4.engage vt./vi(使)参加;雇用;参加;吸引;交战;(机器)啮合;与…有密切关系
engaged adj. 从事…的,忙于…的;电话占线的;已订婚的;(公用卫生间)被占用的
【搭配】1)从事于,忙于 be engaged in...
2)与...订婚 be engaged to sb (与...结婚get married to sb)
3)我有别的事要忙。I’m otherwise engaged.
engagement n. 参加;婚约,订婚;;交战;聘用;(与……的)密切关系
【搭配】解除与...婚约 break off one’s engagement to sb.
5. v离开;启程 depart 从...启程到... depart from ...for...
u/cn离开;启程 departure 出发时间departure time;登机口departure gate
n.抵达 arrival
6.vt 使有动机;激励 motivate 激励某人做某事 motivate sb to do sth.
【词族】n. 动机;积极性 motivation n.动力;激励因素 →motivator→adj. 有动力的 motivated
adj. 激励人心的motivating
7. expose vt(3)使暴露;揭发;使接触/面临/受...影响
【词族】exposure un.(3)暴露;揭发;接触、体验
exposed adj.暴露的;无遮蔽的;无保护的,易受攻击的
【搭配】使...暴漏于/接触/体验;向...揭发...expose ...to...;
暴漏于/接触/体验:be exposed to.. exposure to;
8. grasp 1)【词性】: v/n
2)【词义】:v.握紧;抓住机会;理解领会
3)【搭配】:抓住某人的手热情地握起来grasp one’s hand and shake it warmly;
抓住做某事的机会 grasp the opportunity of doing sth
理解某人的【词义】 grasp sb’s meaning
领会...的重要性 grasp the significance of ...
在/超出某人的理解能力 within/beyond sb’s grasp
精通....have a good grasp/command of...
【拓展】:根据例句猜【词义】grasp at straws:
"Harry, you're grasping at straws if you think you can pass that exam by starting to study the night before. You'll never catch up, man!
grasp at straws: to try all possible means to find a solution or some hope in a difficult or unpleasant situation, even though this seems very unlikely
(在危难中)抓救命稻草,不放过任何微小的机会
9. behave 1)【词性】: v
2)【词义】:He behaved as if he were an adult/like an adult.待人接物,以某种态度对待
“ Just behave,Tom.” 举止端正,守规矩
Each car behaves differently.(机器)运转
3)【搭配】: 表现得... behave +adv/like.../as if . 举止端正,守规矩behave oneself
4)同族词:adj.不守规矩的/守规矩的badly/well-behaved un. 行为举止behavior
10.dramatic 1)【词性】: adj.
2)【词义】:戏剧的;急剧的巨大的;激动人心的,给人印象深刻的;夸张的
3)【搭配】:戏剧艺术dramatic arts
剧增/巨变 a dramatic increase /change
激动人心的胜利a dramatic victory
出人意料的结果dramatic result
令人吃惊的消息dramatic news
adv.戏剧地;明显地;引人注目地dramatically
【拓展】:drama cn.1)戏剧 He acted in radio dramas.他演过广播剧。
2)戏剧性事件 A powerful drama was unfolding before our eyes.
一个极富戏剧性的事件在我们的眼前上演了。
3)un.激动;刺激 It was an afternoon of high drama.
一个非常刺激的下午。
make a drama of ...:make a small problem or event seem more important or serious than it really is
小题大做;大惊小怪
11. gain 【词性】: v/n
【词义】:v.获得;增加;(钟表)走快n.增加;好处;利润
【搭配】:获得自信/经验gain confidence/experience; 体重增加 gain weight
表走快 gain +时间 gain ground 变得强大/成功/有效
从...得不到好处/...无济于事There is nothing to be gained by/from doing sth
获得某人的支持 gain support from sb.不劳而无获力 No pains, no gains.
得失....gain and loss
12. competence 【词性】: n
【词义】(正式用词)(能够胜任某项工作)能力
【词族】v.竞争 compete→adj.胜任的competent →adv 胜任地competently
【拓展】n.不胜任incompetence adj.不胜任的 incompetent
【搭配】专业能力 professional competence培养...的能力develop competence in a variety of skills
胜任...be competent in
【拓展】核心能力 core competence语言能力 language competence社交能力 social competence
表达英语水平高: have a good grasp/command of English
have a high level of competence in English;have a high proficiency in English
表达胜任某项工作:be competent in; be qualified for ;be capable of;be up to (to为介词)
be a perfect fit for;be suited for
13.initiative 【词性】:n.(不要看成adj.)
【词义】:cn.倡议,新方案; un.主动性;主动权
【词族】:initial adj.最初的;开头的;首字母的→ initiate vt.创始;发动;启蒙
【搭配】:主动做某事:take the initiative to do sth.=do sth on one’s initiative
一带一路倡议:the Belt and Road Initiative
2
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$