Unit 1 Back to School 素养培优练(2) -2026-2027学年高一上学期英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦高中新生适应与成长主题，通过分层题型系统培养语言能力与思维品质，方法提炼与语篇逻辑紧密结合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8小题（2篇）|细节题定位原文、猜词题语境分析、主旨题首尾段归纳|围绕高中适应与心理健康话题，构建“信息获取-推理判断-主旨提炼”逻辑链，提升文化意识| |完形填空|15小题|上下文语境推理、固定搭配辨析、情感线索捕捉|以亲子时光叙事为载体，通过词汇运用与语境理解，培养语言综合运用能力| |读后续写|1题|情节发展合理性、情感表达连贯性、对话真实性|结合情绪管理主题，通过续写训练逻辑思维与语言表达，落实思维品质培养|

Unit 1　Back to School 素养培优练(二) 班级： 姓名： 成绩： Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分) A Going from middle school to high school can be difficult as students are faced with new academic(学业的) and social challenges. Before the first day of high school, there are things every new high school freshman and their families should know. People who have a fixed mindset(思维倾向) believe that their brains are born to be good at some things. On the other hand, people who have a growth mindset believe that their abilities are not fixed and can be developed through effort. I totally agree that students should have a growth mindset! I didn’t expect my students to go from just passing a subject to all of it. It’s going to take time and effort, but just keep working on it. Not having enough sleep can have some surprising effects on students, including improper behavior, anxiety,and poor grades. The second weapon(武器) is eating healthy and balanced meals. Studies show that students who eat nutritious meals and who exercise 60 minutes a day remain more attentive during the school day and experience improved academic achievement and grades. The last “secret” weapon is not to have over-scheduled(安排过度的) time. Make sure students know how to set realistic plans and how to say no to tasks and activities that aren’t important to them. A lot of students know each other from primary and middle school. They are in their “comfort zone”, feeling they have a sense of control over and expectation of their relationships. But when the first real day of high school comes, that will all change. The reason I encourage high school freshmen to step out of their comfort zones, though it is often scary, is that comfort zones get boring and there are many kinds of people to get to know. Let’s encourage them to get involved, have fun,and play.  1.What is the main advice given to high school freshmen in the text? A.Focus only on academic subjects. B.Develop a fixed mindset to succeed. C.Adopt a growth mindset and manage time well. D.Avoid making new friends in high school. 2.According to the author, what is a direct result of not getting enough sleep? A.Better attention in class. B.Improved grades. C.Anxiety and poor behavior. D.Stronger family relationships. 3.What does the underlined phrase “comfort zone” most likely refer to? A.Physical places in school where students relax. B.Familiar routines and relationships that feel safe. C.A fixed mindset about learning. D.Scheduled study time. 4.Which one is the best title of the text? A.Making Friends in High School B.Academic Challenges in High School C.Differences between Middle School and High School D.Preparactions for High School:What You Need to Know B Three children in every classroom are reported to have mental health conditions.Half of these are behavioral disorders,while one third are emotional disorders such as stress and anxiety,which often become obvious through self-harm. There was a surprising 52 percent jump in hospital admissions for children and young people who had harmed themselves between 2009 and 2015.Schools and teachers have continuously reported the problem since 2009.Last year,over half the teachers reported that more of their students were experiencing mental health problems than in the past. But teachers also continuously report how ill-equipped they feel to meet students’ mental health needs,and often mention a lack of training and support from the National Health Service.Part of the reason for the increased pressure on schools is that there are now fewer “early intervention(干预)” and low-level mental health services based in the community.Cuts to local authority budgets(预算) since 2010 have resulted in a dramatic reduction of these services,despite strong proof of their effectiveness in preventing problems from happening again.The only way to break the pressures on both mental health services and schools is to put more money into early intervention services inside schools. There are strong arguments for why schools are the best places to provide mental health services.Schools see young people more than any other service,which gives them a unique ability to get to hard-to-reach children and to build meaningful relationships with them over time.Recent studies have shown that children and young people largely prefer to see an adviser in school rather than in an outside environment.Young people have reported that for low-level conditions such as stress and anxiety,a hospital setting can sometimes be frightening. There are already examples of creative schools that connect mental health with school courses.This will,though,require a huge cultural change.Politicians and school leaders must be brave enough to change schools into providers of health as well as education services. 5.Why does the author list a series of figures in the first two paragraphs? A.To require more school equipment. B.To compare the rates of emotion disorders. C.To show the tendency of behavioral disorders. D.To stress the seriousness of school mental health. 6.What has contributed to a drop in community mental health services? A.Ineffective prevention measures. B.Government’s budget reduction. C.Students’ better mental health. D.Increased pressure from teachers. 7.Why are schools ideal places for children’s mental health care? A.Children receive the best service in school. B.Schools are similar to hospitals in reducing anxiety. C.Schools are perfect for children to build relationships. D.Children are more comfortable seeking advice at school. 8.What is the best title of this text? A.Are Communities Responsible for Students’ Mental Health? B.Do Communities Lack Money for Students’ Mental Health? C.Are Schools Responsible for Students’ Mental Health? D.Can Schools be Helpful in Students’ Mental Health? Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) It happens every day,everywhere I go.At the supermarket and the post office,people keep telling me to enjoy my kids while they are 　9　,I spend my days taking care of them and answering 　10　 questions about everything from why we have two eyes but one nose to whether there are toilets in heaven.They 　11　 me from eating a full meal or getting a full night’s 　12　.Yet,the other day,when I took my kids to a children’s museum,I began to 　13　 what people were trying to tell me.It was the first time we had gone there without diapers(纸尿片) or a baby bottle.As I watched my sons paint there,I was suddenly 　14　 by a wave of 　15　.My babies weren’t babies anymore.  Now I’m paying more attention to the 　16　 that won’t happen when my kids are 　17　.I’m enjoying the minute when Christ looked up at the sky and cried excitedly:“Wow! The moon!” In a few years,it will take a rare Shrek card or something else to get him that excited.I’m treasuring the moment when Nicholas put down his fork at dinner and asked,“Mommy,how are you doing?” About ten years from now,he might not 　18　 me.When they’re in primary school,they won’t want to hold my 　19　 any more.In junior high school,they won’t hug me and say,“I love you,too,” In high school,they won’t even want to be 　20　 together with me.  Pretty soon they’ll both be gone.And I’ll 　21　 through the supermarket and the post office alone,　22　 young mothers to enjoy their kids while they are little.Hope they’ll 　23　.  9.A.well B.away C.funny D.little 10.A.endless B.baring C.interesting D.special 11.A.ask B.turn C.take D.keep 12.A.work B.party C.sleep D.reading 13.A.realize B.admit C.remember D.accept 14.A.hit B.thrown C.stuck D.moved 15.A.happiness B.disappointment C.luck D.sadness 16.A.situation B.moment C.scene D.event 17.A.younger B.older C.worse D.better 18.A.stay with B.think of C.care about D.look after 19.A.fingers B.bands C.bags D.basket 20.A.seen B.talked C.asked D.treated 21.A.come B.go C.wander D.pass 22.A.persuading B.helping C.telling D.requiring 23.A.understand B.listen C.realize D.know Ⅲ.读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One evening,Mike was sitting alone in his bedroom,feeling puzzled and discouraged.His mother had just sent him there and told him to reflect on his recent behaviour.What exactly did he do wrong? As he was still thinking,he heard a knock and then the door was opened.His mother came in and sat down next to him. “Alright Mike,tell me,do you know what you did wrong?” Mike became more puzzled as he said,“That’s exactly what I have been trying to figure out.But no matter how hard I try,I can’t seem to think of anything that I may have done wrong.” His mother sighed(叹息). “Now,now,Mike.Don’t you remember how you shouted at your best friend,and even your head teacher?” “No,that’s not what happened.You must have seen it wrong...” Mike answered quietly,trying to defend himself.“Oh,really? Because it looked like you were angry at something and were taking it out on someone else.” Mike looked awkward at what his mother told him.Truth be told,when the school announced that there would be a school trip to the zoo on Friday,Mike could hardly sit still all week.He had never been to the zoo before,and the thought of seeing lions,giraffes,and elephants up close made him excited.He even packed his backpack a day earlier,stuffing it with snacks and a notebook to sketch animals. But on Friday morning,it was raining heavily.“It’ll clear up,” he murmured.When Mike arrived at school,he heard that the trip to the zoo had been cancelled.Mike froze in disbelief.In class,Mrs Green,the headteacher,tried to cheer everyone up with a group activity,but Mike couldn’t focus.When she asked him to join,he yelled,“What’s the point? This day’s already ruined!” His best friend,Tom,whispered,“It’s not her fault,” but Mike glared at him.“You think this is fine? I bet you don’t even care about the zoo!” he said sharply. 注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 He told everything to his mother.____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ The next morning,Mike hurried to school,anxious but determined.__________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章旨在为即将升入高中的新生及其家庭提供全面的指导和建议。 1.C　细节理解题。文章开头提出高中新生会面临学业和社交挑战,接着分段落详细阐述了几点核心建议:第二段强调要有“成长型思维”;第三段提出三个“武器”——充足睡眠、家校联系、避免时间安排过满;第四段鼓励学生走出舒适区。综合来看,全文建议的核心是培养成长型思维,并做好时间与生活管理,而非只关注学术或拒绝社交。故选C项。 2.C　细节理解题。文章第三段明确提到:“Not having enough sleep can have some surprising effects on students, including improper behavior, anxiety, and poor grades.”因此,C 选项“焦虑和行为表现差”与原文完全一致。A、B 选项是充足睡眠的好处,D 选项在文中未与睡眠直接关联。故选C项。 3.B　词句猜测题。最后一段提到,很多学生从小学、初中就相互认识,对人际关系有一定掌控和预期,这是他们的“舒适区”。而进入高中后,情况会改变,作者鼓励他们走出来。因此,“comfort zones”在这里指的是他们熟悉的安全范围——即惯常的人际关系和日常模式,而不是字面意义上的“放松场所”或“固定思维”。故选B项。 4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,并根据第一段“Going from middle school...their families should know.”可知,文章主要为每个即将进入高中的新生和他们的家人介绍了一些应该知道的事情。故选D项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出学校中儿童心理健康问题严峻,社区相关服务因预算削减而减少,而学校是提供心理健康服务的理想场所,呼吁将学校转变为能助力学生心理健康的地方。 5.D　推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段内容可知,这些数据表明遭遇精神健康问题的儿童比例很高,且有自残倾向,同时这一比例还在不断上升。由此可知,作者提到这些数据是为了突出学校心理健康问题的严重性。 6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,政府削减预算导致社区心理健康服务减少。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Recent studies...rather than in an outside environment.”可知,学校是儿童心理健康护理的理想场所,是因为孩子们在学校里更愿意寻求建议。 8.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段内容可知,文章讨论了学校在提供心理健康服务方面的潜力和优势,包括学校与学生的频繁接触、建立关系的能力以及学生对在学校寻求帮助的偏好。文末还呼吁将学校转变为健康和教育服务的提供者。因此,D选项最能概括文章的主旨,适合作为文章标题。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章叙述了作者陪伴孩子成长过程中的一些点滴,感叹时间的流逝与母子间相处时光的珍贵,呼吁年轻父母珍惜孩子的孩童时光。 9.D　根据上文“kids”和下文的“I spend my days taking care of them”可知,这里谈论的是孩子小的时候需陪伴,作者花更多的时间照顾孩子。 10.A　根据上文的“I spend my days taking care of them”及下文的“questions about everything”可知,作者整天照顾孩子们,回答各种各样没完没了的问题。 11.D　固定搭配keep sb from doing sth意为“使某人不能做某事”。 12.C　此处应指使作者不能好好吃饭以及睡一整晚的觉。 13.A　根据下文“It was the first time...babies anymore.”可知,作者突然发现孩子外出已不需要带纸尿片和奶瓶了,这一刻她突然领会到别人所说的事情。 14.A　作者的孩子们长大了,不再是婴儿了,这一事实让作者感到一阵情绪的冲击,A选项符合题意。 15.D　因为孩子是作者一手带大的,当她看见儿子长大的时候感觉很复杂,有些难受。 16.B　根据下文“I’m enjoying the minute”可知,作者更珍惜的是现在和孩子们相处的每一刻,因为当孩子们长大后,这些时刻就不会再有了。 17.B　根据上文“that won’t happen when”可知,这些童真时刻,在孩子们长大以后,就不再有了。 18.C　孩子小时候会关心问候妈妈,但十年后可能情况不再相同,也就是可能不再关心妈妈了。 19.A　此处孩子不想再握住的应是作者的手指。 20.A　孩子们长大后,就不想对父母拥抱示爱了,同样也不愿被看到和父母在一起。 21.C　此处描述的是作者在孩子长大后,自己独自一人孤单地闲逛,此处选择wander符合此意。 22.C　作者是在告诉年轻的母亲们要享受和孩子们在一起的时光。 23.B　作者希望年轻的母亲们能真正听进自己的劝告,珍惜她们和孩子们在一起的时光。 Ⅲ.【参考范文】 He told everything to his mother.His mother,listening patiently with a smile,offered wisdom.She explained that it was natural for humans to get angry sometimes,but taking it out on others was really harmful to one’s personal relationships.Mike felt regretful and guilty,realizing that his behaviour had hurt the people he cared about.But he was at a loss as to what to do.“Apology is the first step.They care for you and they will forgive you,” his mother suggested.Nodding his head,Mike made up his mind to put things right.  The next morning,Mike hurried to school,anxious but determined.He began by going over to Tom.“I’ m terribly sorry for the way I behaved that day,” he said quietly but sincerely,looking his best friend in the eye.Tom was deeply touched by his frankness and honesty,so he forgave Mike without hesitation.The relief from first apology gave Mike filled him with confidence to find Mrs Green,who didn’t say much but smiled with relief and patted Mike on the shoulder.Mike felt he had done the right thing,and for the first time in days,he felt a sense of peace. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $