Unit 1 The Changing World 单元核心语法：一般过去时和现在完成时辨析精讲精练50题-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册语法词汇综合专练（人教版新教材）

**基本信息** 初中英语单元复习专项训练，聚焦一般过去时与现在完成时辨析，通过“知识精讲+50题精练”构建系统性方法体系，提升时态运用的语言能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识梳理|5个核心知识模块（含5道典例）|提炼时态结构公式、时间标志词分类|从单一时态（一般过去时/现在完成时）的基本用法到特殊句式，层层递进| |核心辨析|1个对比表格+1道综合典例|“解题口诀”（时间标志→时态选择）|通过时间侧重、影响关联等维度对比，建立时态选择逻辑| |易错警示|4类易错点（含正误对比）|终止性动词转换规则、have been to/ gone to区分法|针对高频错误，从语法规则到语境应用进行错误规避| |综合训练|50道单选（含语境题）|语境分析三要素（时间标志/现在影响/持续时间）|从基础辨析到语篇综合运用，覆盖中考核心考法|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 The Changing World 单元核心语法：一般过去时和现在完成时辨析精讲精练50题 语法知识精讲 核心知识 一 | 一般过去时 ▎ 知识梳理 主语 + was/were / 动词过去式 + 过去时间状语 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确的过去时间状语连用。 类别 内容 be动词 was（I/he/she/it）/ were（you/we/they/复数） 实义动词 用动词过去式（规则+ed，不规则需记忆） 时间状语 yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020, just now, the other day 否定句 was/were + not / didn't + 动词原形 疑问句 Was/Were + 主语? / Did + 主语 + 动词原形? 【典例精析】 例1 I ______ to the zoo with my parents yesterday. A. go B. went C. goes D. going 【答案】B 【解析】yesterday 是一般过去时的标志词，谓语动词用过去式。go 的过去式是 went，属不规则变化，需特殊记忆。 核心知识 二 | 现在完成时 ▎ 知识梳理 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 现在完成时表示①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；②从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 类别 内容 助动词 have（I/you/we/they/复数）/ has（he/she/it/三单） 标志词① already, yet, ever, never, just, recently 标志词② so far, in the past few years, up to now 持续时间 for + 时间段 / since + 时间点/从句 否定句 have/has + not + 过去分词 【典例精析】 例2 I ______ already ______ my homework. Let's play basketball. A. have; finish B. have; finished C. has; finished D. did; finish 【答案】B 【解析】already 是现在完成时的标志，结构为 have/has + 过去分词。主语 I 用 have，finish 的过去分词是 finished。 核心知识 三 | 两大时态核心辨析 ▎ 知识梳理 对比维度 一般过去时 现在完成时 时间侧重 过去某个特定时间 与现在的联系 时间状语 yesterday, ago, last... already, yet, ever, for, since 对现在影响 无（仅陈述过去） 有（强调结果/持续） 能否与过去时间连用 可以 不可以 💡 解题口诀 有明确过去时间→用一般过去时；强调对现在影响/持续到现在→用现在完成时。二者不可混用时间状语。 【典例精析】 例3 I ______ the film. I ______ it last Saturday. A. saw; saw B. have seen; saw C. have seen; have seen D. saw; have seen 【答案】B 【解析】第一空"我看过这部电影"强调对现在的影响（知道剧情），用现在完成时 have seen；第二空 last Saturday 是明确过去时间，用一般过去时 saw。 核心知识 四 | 延续性动词与终止性动词 ▎ 知识梳理 现在完成时与 for / since 连用时，谓语必须用 延续性动词。终止性动词（buy, die, leave, join, begin, borrow 等）不能与持续时间连用，需转换。 终止性动词 延续性转换 终止性动词 延续性转换 buy have borrow keep die be dead leave be away join be in / be a member of begin be on come / arrive be here close be closed ◆ have been to vs have gone to 短语 含义 例句 have been to 去过某地（已回来） I have been to Beijing twice. have gone to 去了某地（未回来） He has gone to Beijing. He'll be back soon. 【典例精析】 例4 The old man ______ for three years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. dies 【答案】C 【解析】for three years 表持续时间，需用延续性动词。die 是终止性动词，不能与 for 连用，转换为 be dead；现在完成时为 has been dead。 核心知识 五 | 综合语境运用 ▎ 知识梳理 在对话和语篇中，需根据上下文语境和时间标志词综合判断时态。关键看：①有无明确过去时间；②是否强调对现在的影响；③是否与持续时间连用。 【典例精析】 例5 —______ you ______ your keys? —Yes, I ______ them on the desk just now. A. Did; find; found B. Have; found; found C. Have; found; have found D. Did; find; have found 【答案】B 【解析】第一空"找到钥匙了吗"强调对现在的影响（是否还需继续找），用现在完成时 Have...found；第二空 just now 是明确过去时间，用一般过去时 found。 核心知识 突破篇 | 重难点 · 易错点警示 ▎ 易错点一：现在完成时与明确过去时间连用 ✅ 正确 I saw him yesterday. ❌ 错误 I have seen him yesterday. 解析：现在完成时不能与 yesterday, last week, ago 等明确过去时间状语连用，需用一般过去时。 ▎ 易错点二：终止性动词与 for/since 连用 ✅ 正确 I have had the book for a week. ❌ 错误 I have bought the book for a week. 解析：buy 是终止性动词，不能与持续时间连用，需转换为延续性动词 have。 ▎ 易错点三：have been to 与 have gone to 混淆 ✅ 正确 He has gone to America.（未回） ❌ 错误 He has been to America.（未回） 解析：have been to 表"去过已回"，have gone to 表"去了未回"，根据语境判断。 ▎ 易错点四：过去分词与过去式混淆 ✅ 正确 I have written three letters. ❌ 错误 I have wrote three letters. 解析：现在完成时用过去分词（written），不是过去式（wrote）。不规则动词的过去式和过去分词需分别记忆。 语法知识精练 一、单项选择 1．—Have you read the book Robinson Crusoe? —Yes, I ________ it last month. A．read B．have read C．reads D．was reading 2．It is reported that the famous writer ________ in a traffic accident last year. His family have been ________ ever since, and his ________ is an irreplaceable loss to the literary world. A．died; dead; death B．dead; died; death C．died; dying; death D．dying; dead; death 3．—Bruce _________ so much in the past two years. —Yeah, he _________ be shy, but now he is outgoing and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to 4．Lots of villagers ________ find jobs in coastal cities years ago, but now many of them ________ back to run family farms. A．used to; have come B．were used to; came C．used to; came D．were used to; have come 5．— I ________ a letter to you last week. ________ you ________ it? — No, not yet. A．have posted; Did; receive B．posted; Have; received C．have posted; Have; received D．posted; Do; receive 6．—Tom, let’s go to see the movie You Only Live Once this weekend. —Sorry, I ________ it. I ________ it with my parents yesterday. A．has seen; saw B．have seen; saw C．saw; has seen D．saw; have seen 7．—________ you ________ your science project yet? —Yes, I ________ it two weeks ago. A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; have finished C．Have; done; finished D．Will; do; finish 8．— How long ________ you ________ ill? — For three days. A．have; been B．do; be C．did; be D．will; be 9．—Hey, Kitty, I haven’t seen you for days. Where have you been? —I ________ in Hangzhou for about seven days to enjoy my vacation. A．have stayed B．am staying C．stayed D．stay 10．Great changes ________ in our eating habits over the past few years. A．have taken place B．took place C．take place D．will take place 11．—Do you need my help to boil the eggs? —Thanks. They________ five minutes ago. A．were boiled B．are boiled C．will be boiled D．have boiled 12．I ________ my English textbook on the school bus this morning. I have to borrow one from my deskmate now. A．leave B．left C．have left D．will leave 13．—Where is Tom? —He ________ to watch the space exhibition. A．has been B．has gone C．went D．will go 14．—________ you ever ________ to the old town before? —Yes, I went there with my parents last year. A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Do; go 15．Whiteboards ________ very popular in the 1990s. A．become B．became C．have become D．will become 16．The old man ________ last year. He ________ for a year. A．died; has been dead B．died; has died C．was dead; has died D．was dead; has been dead 17．—Are you a basketball player at your school? —Yes. I ________ the team 3 years ago. I ________ on it for 3 years. A．joined; was B．have joined; have C．joined; have been D．have joined; have been 18．—When did you ________ the book to the library? —Yesterday afternoon. And I ________ it for three days. A．return; had borrowed B．return; had borrowed C．give back; had lent D．give back; had kept 19．Her grandfather ________ a car in 2006. He ________ the car for 20 years. A．buys; has bought B．bought; has had C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought 20．Peter ________ the swimming club two years ago. Peter ________ the club for almost two years. A．joined；have joined B．has joined；has joined C．joined；has been in D．has joined；has been in 21．—How long have you ________ your grandpa? —For about 20 years. He ________ a good friend of my family. A．known; became B．known; has become C．know; became D．knew; has become 22．— Bruce ________ so much in the past two years. — Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to 23．Many young people ________ work in big cities, but now more of them ________ back to live and work here. A．used to; have come B．were used to; came C．used to; came D．were used to; have come 24．In the old days, people ________ by ship. Now planes ________ journeys more comfortable. A．travelled; made B．have travelled; have made C．travelled; have made D．have travelled; made 25．—What’s your plan for this weekend? —I ________ about visiting my grandparents, but now I ________ my mind. A．think; change B．thought; changed C．thought; have changed D．have thought; changed 26．— Many people ________ to enjoy the red moon during the Lantern Festival. — It was really amazing. I ________ such a beautiful moon in my life. A．will go; never saw B．went; have never seen C．went; never saw D．will go; have never seen 27．—________ you ________ your homework?    —Yes, I ________ it an hour ago. A．Did; finish; have finished B．Have; finished; finished C．Have; finished; have finished D．Did; finish; finished 28．They ________ many trees last year, so the hills ________ greener now. A．planted; became B．planted; have become C．have planted; became D．plant; have become 29．Workers ________ the station last month, and they ________ many new parts now. A．fixed; make B．fixed; have made C．have fixed; made D．fix; have made 30．I ________ many places of interest in Chongqing since I ________ here last year. A．visit; come B．visited; came C．have visited; came D．have visited; have come 31．Since the Internet ________, people’s life has changed greatly. A．come into being B．came into being C．comes into being D．has came into being 32．My sister has worked as an engineer since she __________ back from the United States. A．came B．comes C．has come D．had came 33．Jackson __________ school two years ago and he __________ for two years. A．leaves; has gone B．left; has been away C．leaves; has been away D．left; has gone 34．— You don’t watch the movie? — Yes, but by the time I________to the cinema, the movie________for several minutes. A．got; had begun B．got; had been on C．get; has begun D．get; has been on 35．Her grandmother ________ in 1985. She ________ for 23 years. A．died; died B．dead; died C．died; has been dead D．dead; has died 36．—I wonder when you ________ the new car. Well, I ________ it for two weeks. A．have bought;have had B．bought;have bought C．bought;have had D．have bought;have bought 37．Joe’s grandfather ________ last year. That is to say, he ________ for one year. A．died; has died B．died; has been dead C．was dead; die D．death; has been dead 38．Grandparents ________ to America before. A．went B．has been C．have gone D．have been 39．—Can I ________ your book? —Sorry. Tom ________ my book and he ________ it for two weeks. A．lend; kept; has kept; B．borrow; has borrowed; has kept C．borrow; borrowed; has kept D．lend; has kept; has borrowed 40．Mr.Green ________ in Beijing for 5 years, and then he ________ to Shanghai in 2023. A．lived, moved B．has lived, moved C．has lived, has moved D．lived, has moved 41．—________ you ________ the film before, Lily? —Yes. I ________ it online the other day. A．Have; seen; have seen B．Did; see; saw C．Have; seen; saw D．Did; see; have seen 42．—She ________ ten years ago.   —You mean she ________ him for ten years. A．married; has got married to B．got married; has got married with C．got married; has been married with D．got married; has been married to 43．He used to a happy life, but the life he was used to a lot recently. A．live; changing B．living; has changed C．live; has changed D．living; changing 44．The number of the teachers in our school _________ bigger last term. A number of teachers _________ for over ten years now. A．grew, have worked B．grows, has worked C．grows, have worked D．grew, are working 45．Last week I ________ a book. That’s to say, since last week I ________ a book. A．have kept, have kept B．have kept, have borrowed C．borrowed, have borrowed D．borrowed, have kept 46．We ________ our foreign teacher since he ________ to America. A．haven’t heard from; returned B．didn’t hear from; returned C．didn’t hear from; returns D．haven’t heard from; returns 47．I thought the dictionary ________ where I had it ________, but it wasn’t in its place. A．lied; lay B．laid; laid C．lay; laid D．laid; lain 48．—Have you visited Russia, Lilian? —Yes, I ________ there for two weeks. A．studied B．was studying C．have studied D．studies 49．—Bob, it seems that we haven’t seen Andy for a long time. —Yes, he as well as his parents ________ Xiamen for about a week, but they came back yesterday. A．went to B．stayed in C．has gone to D．have been in 50．Which of the following is correct? A．—Oh, it’s you! I haven’t recognized you. —I have had my hair cut. B．No wonder the flowers died. They haven’t been watered for long. C．—When are they leaving tomorrow? —Their train will leave at 9:30 am D．—Why didn’t you come to our party? —I was going to, but I had work to do. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 The Changing World 单元核心语法：一般过去时和现在完成时辨析精讲精练50题 语法知识精讲 核心知识 一 | 一般过去时 ▎ 知识梳理 主语 + was/were / 动词过去式 + 过去时间状语 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确的过去时间状语连用。 类别 内容 be动词 was（I/he/she/it）/ were（you/we/they/复数） 实义动词 用动词过去式（规则+ed，不规则需记忆） 时间状语 yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020, just now, the other day 否定句 was/were + not / didn't + 动词原形 疑问句 Was/Were + 主语? / Did + 主语 + 动词原形? 【典例精析】 例1 I ______ to the zoo with my parents yesterday. A. go B. went C. goes D. going 【答案】B 【解析】yesterday 是一般过去时的标志词，谓语动词用过去式。go 的过去式是 went，属不规则变化，需特殊记忆。 核心知识 二 | 现在完成时 ▎ 知识梳理 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 现在完成时表示①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；②从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 类别 内容 助动词 have（I/you/we/they/复数）/ has（he/she/it/三单） 标志词① already, yet, ever, never, just, recently 标志词② so far, in the past few years, up to now 持续时间 for + 时间段 / since + 时间点/从句 否定句 have/has + not + 过去分词 【典例精析】 例2 I ______ already ______ my homework. Let's play basketball. A. have; finish B. have; finished C. has; finished D. did; finish 【答案】B 【解析】already 是现在完成时的标志，结构为 have/has + 过去分词。主语 I 用 have，finish 的过去分词是 finished。 核心知识 三 | 两大时态核心辨析 ▎ 知识梳理 对比维度 一般过去时 现在完成时 时间侧重 过去某个特定时间 与现在的联系 时间状语 yesterday, ago, last... already, yet, ever, for, since 对现在影响 无（仅陈述过去） 有（强调结果/持续） 能否与过去时间连用 可以 不可以 💡 解题口诀 有明确过去时间→用一般过去时；强调对现在影响/持续到现在→用现在完成时。二者不可混用时间状语。 【典例精析】 例3 I ______ the film. I ______ it last Saturday. A. saw; saw B. have seen; saw C. have seen; have seen D. saw; have seen 【答案】B 【解析】第一空"我看过这部电影"强调对现在的影响（知道剧情），用现在完成时 have seen；第二空 last Saturday 是明确过去时间，用一般过去时 saw。 核心知识 四 | 延续性动词与终止性动词 ▎ 知识梳理 现在完成时与 for / since 连用时，谓语必须用 延续性动词。终止性动词（buy, die, leave, join, begin, borrow 等）不能与持续时间连用，需转换。 终止性动词 延续性转换 终止性动词 延续性转换 buy have borrow keep die be dead leave be away join be in / be a member of begin be on come / arrive be here close be closed ◆ have been to vs have gone to 短语 含义 例句 have been to 去过某地（已回来） I have been to Beijing twice. have gone to 去了某地（未回来） He has gone to Beijing. He'll be back soon. 【典例精析】 例4 The old man ______ for three years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. dies 【答案】C 【解析】for three years 表持续时间，需用延续性动词。die 是终止性动词，不能与 for 连用，转换为 be dead；现在完成时为 has been dead。 核心知识 五 | 综合语境运用 ▎ 知识梳理 在对话和语篇中，需根据上下文语境和时间标志词综合判断时态。关键看：①有无明确过去时间；②是否强调对现在的影响；③是否与持续时间连用。 【典例精析】 例5 —______ you ______ your keys? —Yes, I ______ them on the desk just now. A. Did; find; found B. Have; found; found C. Have; found; have found D. Did; find; have found 【答案】B 【解析】第一空"找到钥匙了吗"强调对现在的影响（是否还需继续找），用现在完成时 Have...found；第二空 just now 是明确过去时间，用一般过去时 found。 核心知识 突破篇 | 重难点 · 易错点警示 ▎ 易错点一：现在完成时与明确过去时间连用 ✅ 正确 I saw him yesterday. ❌ 错误 I have seen him yesterday. 解析：现在完成时不能与 yesterday, last week, ago 等明确过去时间状语连用，需用一般过去时。 ▎ 易错点二：终止性动词与 for/since 连用 ✅ 正确 I have had the book for a week. ❌ 错误 I have bought the book for a week. 解析：buy 是终止性动词，不能与持续时间连用，需转换为延续性动词 have。 ▎ 易错点三：have been to 与 have gone to 混淆 ✅ 正确 He has gone to America.（未回） ❌ 错误 He has been to America.（未回） 解析：have been to 表"去过已回"，have gone to 表"去了未回"，根据语境判断。 ▎ 易错点四：过去分词与过去式混淆 ✅ 正确 I have written three letters. ❌ 错误 I have wrote three letters. 解析：现在完成时用过去分词（written），不是过去式（wrote）。不规则动词的过去式和过去分词需分别记忆。 语法知识精练 一、单项选择 1．—Have you read the book Robinson Crusoe? —Yes, I ________ it last month. A．read B．have read C．reads D．was reading 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你读过《鲁滨逊漂流记》这本书吗？——是的，我上个月读的。 last month是一般过去时的时间标志，谓语动词要用过去式read。 2．It is reported that the famous writer ________ in a traffic accident last year. His family have been ________ ever since, and his ________ is an irreplaceable loss to the literary world. A．died; dead; death B．dead; died; death C．died; dying; death D．dying; dead; death 【答案】A 【详解】句意：据报道，这位著名作家去年死于一场交通事故。从那以后，他的家人就去世了，他的去世是文学界不可替代的损失。 died死，动词die的过去式；dead死的，形容词；death死亡，名词；dying垂死的，现在分词或形容词。第一空缺少动词作谓语，结合时间状语“last year”可知，谓语动词用过去式died。第二空根据“have been”可知后接形容词dead表状态；第三空根据“his”可知后接名词death作主语。 3．—Bruce _________ so much in the past two years. —Yeah, he _________ be shy, but now he is outgoing and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——在过去的两年里，布鲁斯改变了很多。——是啊，他过去是害羞的，但现在他外向且活跃。 考查现在完成时和动词短语辨析。第一空，时间状语“in the past two years”表示从过去到现在的一段时间，需用现在完成时，主语“Bruce”是第三人称单数，故用“has changed”；第二空，“used to”后接动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事（现在不做了）”，而“is used to”表示“习惯于”，后接名词或动名词，根据“but now he is outgoing and active”可知，过去害羞但现在不害羞了，故用“used to”。故选A。 4．Lots of villagers ________ find jobs in coastal cities years ago, but now many of them ________ back to run family farms. A．used to; have come B．were used to; came C．used to; came D．were used to; have come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多年前很多村民常在沿海城市找工作，但现在他们当中许多人已经返乡经营家庭农场了。 used to do表示过去常常做某事；be used to do意为“被用来做某事”，结合years ago可知第一空用used to表过去；第二空有时间标志now，强调动作已经完成、现在处于返乡的结果，用现在完成时have come；were used to、came、have come的其余组合均不符合两处时态、固定搭配要求。 5．— I ________ a letter to you last week. ________ you ________ it? — No, not yet. A．have posted; Did; receive B．posted; Have; received C．have posted; Have; received D．posted; Do; receive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我上周给你寄了一封信。你收到它了吗？——不，还没有。 根据时间状语last week可知，第一空表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时posted，排除A、C选项；根据答语not yet可知，第二句强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，结构为 have/has+过去分词，排除D选项。故选B。 6．—Tom, let’s go to see the movie You Only Live Once this weekend. —Sorry, I ________ it. I ________ it with my parents yesterday. A．has seen; saw B．have seen; saw C．saw; has seen D．saw; have seen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，这个周末我们去看电影You Only Live Once吧。——对不起，我看过了。我昨天和父母一起看的。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据第一个空空前的“Sorry”可知，此处指过去的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，主语为“I”，所以此处应填have seen；根据第二个空空后的“yesterday”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选B。 7．—________ you ________ your science project yet? —Yes, I ________ it two weeks ago. A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; have finished C．Have; done; finished D．Will; do; finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你已经完成你的科学项目了吗？——是的，我两周前完成的。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据“yet”以及句意可知，第一空所在句子是询问是否完成项目，应用现在完成时have done的结构，排除A和D选项。第二空根据时间状语“two weeks ago”可知，句子应用一般过去时，排除B选项。故选C。 8．— How long ________ you ________ ill? — For three days. A．have; been B．do; be C．did; be D．will; be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你生病多久了？——三天了。 考查时态辨析。 have; been（现在完成时）；do; be（一般现在时）；did; be（一般过去时）；will; be（一般将来时）。答语“For three days.”表示一段时间，强调从过去持续到现在的状态，需用现在完成时“have/has been + 形容词”结构。故选A。 9．—Hey, Kitty, I haven’t seen you for days. Where have you been? —I ________ in Hangzhou for about seven days to enjoy my vacation. A．have stayed B．am staying C．stayed D．stay 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嘿，Kitty，我好几天没见你了。你去哪儿了？——我在杭州待了大约七天度假。 stay待，选项都是stay的各种形态。have stayed现在完成时；am staying现在进行时；stayed一般过去时；stay原形。根据问句“Where have you been?” (你去哪儿了？) 和答句中“for about seven days” (大约七天) 可知，目前已经从杭州回来了，此处描述的是过去一段时间内发生的动作，应用一般过去时“stayed”。故选C。 10．Great changes ________ in our eating habits over the past few years. A．have taken place B．took place C．take place D．will take place 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我们的饮食习惯发生了巨大的变化。 根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或持续到现在，结构为have/has+过去分词。主语Great changes为复数，助动词用have。have taken place符合题意。 11．—Do you need my help to boil the eggs? —Thanks. They________ five minutes ago. A．were boiled B．are boiled C．will be boiled D．have boiled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：— 你需要我帮忙煮鸡蛋吗？— 谢谢。它们五分钟前就煮好了。 考查被动语态和时态。were boiled 一般过去时的被动语态；are boiled 一般现在时的被动语态；will be boiled 一般将来时的被动语态；have boiled 现在完成时的主动语态。根据 “five minutes ago” 可知，时态为一般过去时；且 “eggs” 与 “boil” 之间是被动关系，即鸡蛋被煮，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 were boiled。 12．I ________ my English textbook on the school bus this morning. I have to borrow one from my deskmate now. A．leave B．left C．have left D．will leave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我今天早上在校车上把英语书弄丢了，我现在不得不向同桌借。考查一般过去时。“this morning”是纯粹的过去时间，仅表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故选B。 13．—Where is Tom? —He ________ to watch the space exhibition. A．has been B．has gone C．went D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆在哪里？——他去看太空展览了。 has been (to)曾经去过（人已经回来）；has gone (to)去了（人不在此处，还没回来）；went一般过去时，表示“去了”；will go一般将来时，表示“将要去”。问句“Where is Tom?”询问汤姆现在人在哪里，说明此刻不在现场，人外出还未返回，应填has gone。 14．—________ you ever ________ to the old town before? —Yes, I went there with my parents last year. A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Do; go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你以前去过那个古镇吗？——是的，去年我和父母去过那里。 根据关键词“ever”和“before”可知，问句应用现在完成时，结构为“Have/Has + 过去分词”。have been to表示“去过某地（已回）”，have gone to表示“去了某地（未回）”。结合答语可知说话人已经回来，应用have been to。故填Have；been。 15．Whiteboards ________ very popular in the 1990s. A．become B．became C．have become D．will become 【答案】B 【详解】句意：白板在20世纪90年代变得非常流行。 become变成（动词原形）；became变成（动词过去式）；have become已经变成（现在完成时）；will become将会变成（一般将来时）。“in the 1990s”表示“在20世纪90年代”，为过去时间状语，句子应使用一般过去时，become的过去式是became，故选B。 16．The old man ________ last year. He ________ for a year. A．died; has been dead B．died; has died C．was dead; has died D．was dead; has been dead 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老人去年去世了。他已经死了一年了。 考查动词时态。第一空根据“The old man …last year.”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，die过去式是died，因此第一空填died，排除CD；第二空根据“He …for a year.”可知，此处时态是现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，而die是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用；应用表示状态的短语be dead，be的过去分词是been。故选A。 17．—Are you a basketball player at your school? —Yes. I ________ the team 3 years ago. I ________ on it for 3 years. A．joined; was B．have joined; have C．joined; have been D．have joined; have been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你是你们学校的篮球运动员吗？——是的。我三年前加入了这支球队。我在球队中已经三年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时。根据“3 years ago”可知，这是表示过去的时间点，所以应该用一般过去时，第一个空用动词用过去式“joined”；“for 3 years”表示一段时间，常与现在完成时连用，且动词需要用延续性动词，“have been”符合。故选C。 18．—When did you ________ the book to the library? —Yesterday afternoon. And I ________ it for three days. A．return; had borrowed B．return; had borrowed C．give back; had lent D．give back; had kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你什么时候把书还回图书馆的？——昨天下午。而且我已经借了三天了。 return归还；keep持有，是延续性动词，可与时间段连用；give back归还；borrow借入，为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用；lend借出，为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用。第一空，根据句意，问的是“还书”的时间，四个选项均可表示“归还”；第二空，根据“for three days”表示一段时间，需用延续性动词。故选D。 19．Her grandfather ________ a car in 2006. He ________ the car for 20 years. A．buys; has bought B．bought; has had C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的祖父在2006年买了一辆车。他拥有这辆车已经20年了。 buy买，动词原形；bought买，动词过去式；has bought已经买了，瞬间性动词；has had已经拥有，延续性动词。第一空，根据“in 2006”可知，此句为一般过去时，排除选项A和C；第二空，根据“for 20 years”可知，需用现在完成时，且要用延续性动词。故选B。 20．Peter ________ the swimming club two years ago. Peter ________ the club for almost two years. A．joined；have joined B．has joined；has joined C．joined；has been in D．has joined；has been in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：彼得两年前加入了游泳俱乐部。彼得已经在这个俱乐部待了近两年。 考查动词时态。根据“two years ago”可知，第一个句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式joined，排除BD项；由于“for almost two years”是一段时间，第二个句子描述的是Peter从过去某个时间点一直持续到现在的状态，所以应用现在完成时，谓语动词应用延续性动词，join“加入”是非延续性动词，不能和一段时间连用，be in“处于……之中”表示一种状态，可以和一段时间连用，主语Peter 是第三人称单数，因此用has been in。故选C。 21．—How long have you ________ your grandpa? —For about 20 years. He ________ a good friend of my family. A．known; became B．known; has become C．know; became D．knew; has become 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识你爷爷多久了？——大约20年了。他成为了我们家的一个好朋友。 根据“How long have you…”可知第一空需用过去分词，与have构成现在完成时，know的过去分词为known；第二空：该句补充说明的是20年前发生的一个过去的具体事件，用一般过去时，故使用过去式became。 22．— Bruce ________ so much in the past two years. — Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——布鲁斯在过去的两年中变化很大。——是的，他以前很害羞，但现在他很自信和积极。 考查时态。第一处根据“in the past two years”可知，用现在完成时，排除BC；第二处根据“but now he is confident and active”可知，强调与现在的对比，用used to be结构，是一般过去时。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，不符合语境。故选A。 23．Many young people ________ work in big cities, but now more of them ________ back to live and work here. A．used to; have come B．were used to; came C．used to; came D．were used to; have come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多年轻人过去常常在大城市工作，但现在更多人已经回来这里生活和工作了。 used to过去常常；were used to被用作；came来，用于一般过去时；have come已经来，用于现在完成时。根据“but now”可知，第一空表示过去常常在大城市工作，而现在却有了变化，used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，而此空后的work是原形；根据“now”可知，强调动作对现在的影响，第二空应用现在完成时have come，表示已经回来了。 24．In the old days, people ________ by ship. Now planes ________ journeys more comfortable. A．travelled; made B．have travelled; have made C．travelled; have made D．have travelled; made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去，人们乘船旅行。现在飞机使旅程更加舒适。 考查动词时态。第一空时间状语“In the old days”表示过去，用一般过去时（travelled）；第二空时间状语“Now”表示现在，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时（have made）。故选C。 25．—What’s your plan for this weekend? —I ________ about visiting my grandparents, but now I ________ my mind. A．think; change B．thought; changed C．thought; have changed D．have thought; changed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个周末你的计划是什么？——我原本考虑去看望祖父母，但现在我已经改变主意了。 根据“I…about visiting my grandparents, but now I…my mind.”可知，“考虑看望祖父母”是过去产生的想法，侧重“过去的动作”，第一空用动词过去式；句中有时间标志词“now”，且“改变主意”的动作发生在过去，对现在产生影响：现在的计划不再是去看祖父母，应用现在完成时。应填thought；have changed。 26．— Many people ________ to enjoy the red moon during the Lantern Festival. — It was really amazing. I ________ such a beautiful moon in my life. A．will go; never saw B．went; have never seen C．went; never saw D．will go; have never seen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——元宵节期间，许多人去欣赏了红月亮。——真是太神奇了。我一生中从未见过如此美丽的月亮。   第一空描述的是元宵节期间发生的事情，属于过去的具体时间，应用一般过去时went。第二空表示“从未见过”，强调从过去到现在从未有过这种经历，应用现在完成时have never seen。 27．—________ you ________ your homework?    —Yes, I ________ it an hour ago. A．Did; finish; have finished B．Have; finished; finished C．Have; finished; have finished D．Did; finish; finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你已经完成你的作业了吗？——是的，我一小时前完成的。 Did助动词（一般过去时）；Have助动词（现在完成时）；finished完成（finish的过去式/过去分词）。第一句询问动作是否完成，应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语是“you”，助动词用Have；第二句中有明确的时间状语“an hour ago”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，finish的过去式为finished。 28．They ________ many trees last year, so the hills ________ greener now. A．planted; became B．planted; have become C．have planted; became D．plant; have become 【答案】B 【详解】他们去年种了很多树，所以山丘现在变得更绿了。 由前半句的时间状语last year可知，是描述过去发生的动作，需使用一般过去时，plant的过去式为planted，因此排除C、D选项。后半句强调过去种树的动作对现在造成的结果，需使用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，此处主语the hills为复数，故选have become。因此B项正确。 29．Workers ________ the station last month, and they ________ many new parts now. A．fixed; make B．fixed; have made C．have fixed; made D．fix; have made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：工人们上个月修理了车站，并且到现在他们已经制造出许多新零件。 last month为过去时间，谓语使用一般过去时fixed；now体现动作对现在造成的影响或结果，使用现在完成时have made。B项符合。 30．I ________ many places of interest in Chongqing since I ________ here last year. A．visit; come B．visited; came C．have visited; came D．have visited; have come 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从去年来重庆，我参观了重庆的许多名胜。 考查动词时态。根据“since I … here last year.”可知，此处主句使用现在完成时，结构为have/has done；从句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故选C。 31．Since the Internet ________, people’s life has changed greatly. A．come into being B．came into being C．comes into being D．has came into being 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从互联网诞生以来，人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。 考查时态。此处是“主句（现在完成时）+since从句”的结构，从句要用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。 32．My sister has worked as an engineer since she __________ back from the United States. A．came B．comes C．has come D．had came 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我姐姐从美国回来后就一直做工程师。 考查一般过去时。根据“My sister has worked as an engineer since she…back from the United States.”可知，句子是since引导的时间状语从句，主句用的是现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，因此此处用动词过去式。故选A。 33．Jackson __________ school two years ago and he __________ for two years. A．leaves; has gone B．left; has been away C．leaves; has been away D．left; has gone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Jackson2年前离开了学校，他离开2年了。根据two years ago可知第一句用一般过去时态，排除A/C；根据for two years.可知第二句用现在完成时态， go是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，be away 离开，是延续性动词；故选B。 【点睛】leave+地点，离开某地，例如：He left Beijing yesterday. leave for+地点，离开去某地，例如：He left for Beijing yesterday.leave是短暂性动词不能接时间段，如果说离开多长时间要用be away 例如：He will be away a week. 34．— You don’t watch the movie? — Yes, but by the time I________to the cinema, the movie________for several minutes. A．got; had begun B．got; had been on C．get; has begun D．get; has been on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你没有看这部电影么？——看了，但是当我到电影院的时候，电影已经开始几分钟了。 考查动词时态。当……的时候by the time，是过去完成时的标志，我到达电影院这一动作发生在过去，第一空用一般过去时，故排除CD；电影已经开始几分钟了，第二空用过去完成时，开始begin是个短暂性动词，要转化为延续性动词be on，过去完成时的结构是had+动词过去分词。故选B。 35．Her grandmother ________ in 1985. She ________ for 23 years. A．died; died B．dead; died C．died; has been dead D．dead; has died 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她祖母于1985年去世。她已经死了23年了。 考查时态。dead无生命的，已死去的，形容词; died死，瞬间性动词，（die的过去式）；has been dead（be dead的现在完成时）；has died（die的现在完成时）。根据“in 1985”，可知第一个空的时态为一般过去时，所以用动词的过去式died；再根据“for 23 years”，可知其表示时间段，常用于现在完成时中，和延续性动作或状态连用，而“die”为瞬间性动作，不能和时间段连用，所以用表示状态的“be dead” 的现在完成时“has been dead”，表示“死去的状态”，故选C。 36．—I wonder when you ________ the new car. Well, I ________ it for two weeks. A．have bought;have had B．bought;have bought C．bought;have had D．have bought;have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想知道你什么时候买的这辆新车。我已经买了两个星期了。 考查动词的时态和延续性动词的用法。根据句意可知，空一强调动作发生的时间，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式bought，故排除A、D项；根据空后“for two weeks”可知，空二所在的句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done；且动词要用延续性动词；buy为非延续性动词，应转化成延续性动词have，其过去分词为had。故选C。 37．Joe’s grandfather ________ last year. That is to say, he ________ for one year. A．died; has died B．died; has been dead C．was dead; die D．death; has been dead 【答案】B 【详解】句意：乔的祖父去年去世了。也就是说，他已经死了一年了。 考查动词时态。根据“last year”可知，第一个空所在句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。根据“That is to say, he …for one year.”可知，此处为现在完成时，与时间段连用表持续，die为非延续性动词，需要变为be dead。故选B。 38．Grandparents ________ to America before. A．went B．has been C．have gone D．have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：祖父母以前去过美国。 考查现在完成时的用法。went“去了”；have/has been to“去过已经回来”；have gone to“去了还没有回来”。结合题干分析可知，before“以前”为副词，作时间状语，应用现在完成时。祖父母原来去过美国，已经回来。且主语grandparents为复数形式，助动词have用原形。故选D。 39．—Can I ________ your book? —Sorry. Tom ________ my book and he ________ it for two weeks. A．lend; kept; has kept; B．borrow; has borrowed; has kept C．borrow; borrowed; has kept D．lend; has kept; has borrowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我能借一下你的书吗？——抱歉。汤姆借走了我的书，他已经借了两周了。 lend借出 (主语把东西借给别人)；borrow借入 (主语从别人那里借东西)；keep保留、持有，延续性动词。第一空表示“我借你的书”，应用“borrow”。第二空表示“汤姆借走了我的书”，描述过去发生的动作，可用一般过去时“borrowed”。第三空“for two weeks” (两周) 是时间段，动词应用延续性动词“keep” (持有) 的现在完成时“has kept”。应填“borrow; borrowed; has kept”。 40．Mr.Green ________ in Beijing for 5 years, and then he ________ to Shanghai in 2023. A．lived, moved B．has lived, moved C．has lived, has moved D．lived, has moved 【答案】A 【详解】句意：格林先生在北京住了5年，然后在2023年搬到了上海。 根据时间状语“in 2023”可知，第二空表示过去具体时间点发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故第二空填moved，排除 C、D 选项；结合语境可知，住在北京的动作发生在搬家之前且已结束，不持续到现在，第一空也应用一般过去时lived。故选A。 41．—________ you ________ the film before, Lily? —Yes. I ________ it online the other day. A．Have; seen; have seen B．Did; see; saw C．Have; seen; saw D．Did; see; have seen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你之前看过这部电影吗，丽丽？——是的。我前几天在网上看了它。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据问句中时间状语before“之前”，用现在完成时，表示动作发生在过去，对现在产生影响；答句中时间状语the other day“前几天”，表明动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C。 42．—She ________ ten years ago.   —You mean she ________ him for ten years. A．married; has got married to B．got married; has got married with C．got married; has been married with D．got married; has been married to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——她十年前结婚了。——你是说她已经和他结婚十年了。 考查动词时态和延续性动词的用法。married结婚，后面通常接人；got married结婚，强调动作；has got married with表述错误；has been married with表述错误；be married to sb和某人结婚，描述状态。根据“ten years ago.”可知，此处表示十年前的一个具体事件（时间点），因此动词需用过去式，“got married”符合题意；根据“for ten years”可知，第二空表示时间持续十年（从过去开始到现在），因此动词需用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”，强调状态持续，“be married to”是固定搭配，意为“和某人结婚”，表示已婚状态，主语是“she”，因此填“has been married to”。故选D。 43．He used to a happy life, but the life he was used to a lot recently. A．live; changing B．living; has changed C．live; has changed D．living; changing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他过去常常过着一个快乐的生活，但是他习以为常的生活最近变了很多。 A. live; changing过，生活，动词原形；改变，动名词；B. living; has changed过，生活，动名词；改变，现在完成时；C. live; has changed过，生活，动词原形；改变，现在完成时；D. living; changing过，生活，动名词；改变，动名词。第一空表示过去常常做某事used to do sth，用动词原形；第二空表示the life改变了，recently用现在完成时，用has changed，故选C。 【点睛】本题注意第二空中he was used to为定语从句，真正的主语为the life，不要直接判定为be used to doing。recently表示最近，用现在完成时。学生在做题时，注意分析句子成分，不要先入为主，进行错选。 44．The number of the teachers in our school _________ bigger last term. A number of teachers _________ for over ten years now. A．grew, have worked B．grows, has worked C．grows, have worked D．grew, are working 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校老师的数量上学期增加了。许多老师现在已经工作了十多年。 考查时态和主谓一致。第一空，主语为“The number of the teachers”，“the number of”表示“……的数量”，是单数概念，谓语动词需用单数形式；时间状语“last term”表示过去时间，时态为一般过去时，因此这里应用过去式grew“增加”，排除B和C； 第二空，主语为“A number of teachers”，“a number of”表示“许多”，是复数概念，谓语动词需用复数形式；时间状语“for over ten years now”表示动作从过去持续至今，时态应用现在完成时，助动词用have，动词work的过去分词为worked，即have worked，排除D。故选A。 45．Last week I ________ a book. That’s to say, since last week I ________ a book. A．have kept, have kept B．have kept, have borrowed C．borrowed, have borrowed D．borrowed, have kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周我借了一本书。也就是说从上周开始我借了一本书。 考查动词的时态。第一句的时间状语是“Last week”，因此句子为一般过去时，第一空应用动词的过去式，排除选项A和B；第二句的时间状语是“since last week”，表示一段时间，应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词“have kept”。故选D。 46．We ________ our foreign teacher since he ________ to America. A．haven’t heard from; returned B．didn’t hear from; returned C．didn’t hear from; returns D．haven’t heard from; returns 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自从我们的外教回国后我们没有收到他的消息。 考查动词时态。根据题干和选项，可知句意为“自从我们的外教回国后我们没有收到他的消息。”由句中的“since 自从”，可知主句时态用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+done，否定形式为haven’t/hasn’t+done，主语是we，用haven’t，hear from sb“收到某人的消息”，hear的过去分词是heard；主句时态为现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，所以第二个空用returned，故选A。 47．I thought the dictionary ________ where I had it ________, but it wasn’t in its place. A．lied; lay B．laid; laid C．lay; laid D．laid; lain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我原以为字典会放在我之前放它的地方，但它并不在原位。 考查动词lie和lay的辨析。lied，lie的过去式，说谎；lay，lie的过去式，位于、躺；laid，lay的过去式和过去分词，放置；lain，lie的过去分词，位于、躺。根据“I thought the dictionary…where I had it…”可知，第一空表示“字典位于某个地方”，用lie的过去式lay；第二空表示“我放置字典”，用lay的过去分词laid。故选C。 48．—Have you visited Russia, Lilian? —Yes, I ________ there for two weeks. A．studied B．was studying C．have studied D．studies 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你去过俄罗斯吗，Lilian？ ——去过，我在那里学习了两个星期。 考查时态。studied，一般过去时；was studying，过去进行时；have studied，现在完成时；studies，一般现在时。根据问句可知，Lilian在俄罗斯学习这件事已发生且已结束，则需用一般过去时，故选A。 49．—Bob, it seems that we haven’t seen Andy for a long time. —Yes, he as well as his parents ________ Xiamen for about a week, but they came back yesterday. A．went to B．stayed in C．has gone to D．have been in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——鲍勃，我们好像很久没见到安迪了。——是的，他和他的父母在厦门待了大约一周，但他们昨天回来了。 went to去了；stayed in待在；has gone to去了某地（还未回来）；have been in待在某地（强调经历或一段时间）。根据“but they came back yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去且已结束，应用一般过去时。根据“for about a week”可知，谓语动词需用延续性动词，went是瞬间动词，stayed是延续性动词。应填stayed in。 50．Which of the following is correct? A．—Oh, it’s you! I haven’t recognized you. —I have had my hair cut. B．No wonder the flowers died. They haven’t been watered for long. C．—When are they leaving tomorrow? —Their train will leave at 9:30 am D．—Why didn’t you come to our party? —I was going to, but I had work to do. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子是正确的？ 考查时态。A项根据“Oh, it’s you!”可知，现在认出了对方，所以“没认出来”应用一般过去时，即didn’t recognize；B项第一句表示“花死了”，时态为一般过去时，那么第二句“太久没浇水”说的是此前的事，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had done的结构，也就是hadn’t been watered；C项第二句表达火车按照时间表出发，时态用一般现在时，谓语应为leaves。故排除ABC，D项句子正确。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $