RE3-U1A（Reading Explorer 3 配套教辅讲义开发-中高考应试匹配）

U1A The World’s Game 一、原文复现 The World’s Game A Throughout history, humans have played some kind of kicking game. What the world now calls football—or soccer in the United States—began as far back as 2500 B.C.E. with the Chinese game of cuju. However, the sport we know today originated in Britain. In the 1840s, England’s Football Association established a set of rules, and the modern game was born. Today, more than 200 million players all over the globe participate in the game, truly making soccer the world’s sport. B So, why is soccer so popular? Maybe it’s the game’s camaraderie: the feeling that the team on the field is your team; their win is your victory, and their loss is your defeat. Or maybe it’s the game’s international quality. In countries like France, England, Spain, and Brazil, major teams have players from many different nations, and these clubs now have fans all over the world. Or perhaps it’s the promise of great wealth. A number of professional soccer players, including Brazil’s Neymar and Nigeria’s Victor Moses, come from poor families. Today, both of these players make millions of euros every year. C Soccer is popular for all of these reasons, but ultimately, the main reason for its universal appeal may be this: It’s a simple game. It can be played anywhere with anything—a ball, a can, or even some bags tied together. And anyone can play it. “You don’t need to be rich...to play soccer,” says historian Peter Alegi. “You just need a flat space and a ball.” D It is this unique simplicity that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa. Here, even in rural areas far from the bright lights and big stadiums, children and adults play the game, often with handmade balls. A Love for Soccer E The story of soccer in Africa is a long one. In the 19th century, European colonists brought the game to Africa. Early matches were first played in the South African cities of Cape Town and Port Elizabeth in 1862. In time, the sport spread across the continent. Today, several of the game’s best players come from African nations, including Senegal, Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Nigeria. All over the continent, thousands of soccer academies now recruit boys from poorer cities and towns to play the game. Many learn to play in their bare feet, and they are tough, creative competitors. Their dream is to play for the national team or to join one of the big clubs in Europe someday. For some, the dream comes true. F But the chance to make money with a professional team is probably not the main reason for soccer’s popularity in Africa. “Soccer is the passion of everyone here,” says Abubakari Abdul-Ganiyu, a teacher who works with youth clubs in Tamale, Ghana. “It unifies us.” In fact, more than once, the game has helped to bring people together. In Ivory Coast, for example, immigrants and Muslims faced discrimination for years. Yet many of the country’s best soccer players are from Muslim and immigrant families. As a result, the national team has become a symbol of unity and has helped to promote peace throughout the country. G All over Africa, soccer is popular with parents and teachers for another reason: It keeps young people — especially boys—in school and out of trouble. “Most clubs in Tamale, Ghana, don’t allow boys to play if they don’t go to school,” explains Abubakari. “We’re trying our best to help young people and to make them responsible in society. Soccer helps us do this. For us, soccer is also a tool for hope.” 二、词义猜测 序 单词 词义猜测 简明英英释义 同义词 1 appeal v. 呼吁;上诉;有吸引力;n. 吸引力 ask for help or support request, attraction 2 aspect n. 方面;层面;外观 particular part or feature feature, facet 3 defeat v. 击败;战胜;n. 失败 win a victory over someone conquer, beat 4 discrimination n. 歧视;辨别力 treating people unfairly prejudice, bias 5 dual adj. 双重的;两部分的 having two parts or aspects double, twofold 6 establish v. 建立;设立;确立 set up or found something found, create 7 immigrant n. 移民;侨民 person coming to live in a country settler, newcomer 8 originate v. 起源;发源;创始 begin or arise from begin, start 9 participate v. 参与;参加 take part in an activity join, engage 10 qualify v. 使具备资格;限制 meet the required standards certify, restrict 11 refer v. 提及;参考;查阅 mention or direct to a source mention, cite 12 rural adj. 农村的;乡村的 relating to the countryside country, agricultural 13 simplicity n. 简单;朴素;易懂 quality of being easy to understand ease, plainness 14 tournament n. 锦标赛;联赛 series of contests to find a winner competition, contest 三、不规则动词变化 序号 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 1 begin began begun 开始 2 make made made 使得;制造 3 come came come 来;来自 4 say said said 说;讲 5 bring brought brought 带来;拿来 6 spread spread spread 传播;扩散 7 learn learned / learnt learned / learnt 学习;学会 8 become became become 成为;变得 9 keep kept kept 保持;保留 10 go went gone 去;走 11 do did done 做;干 READING EXPLORER LEVER 3 四、短语积累 U1A 世界第一运动 1 The World’s Game made by Ally 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. throughout history 纵观历史 2. some kind of 某种 3. kicking game 踢球游戏 4. as far back as 早在……时候 5. originated in 起源于 6. established a set of rules 制定了一套规则 7. all over the globe 全球各地 8. participate in 参与 9. all over the world 世界各地 10. a number of 许多 11. all of these reasons 所有这些原因 12. universal appeal 普遍吸引力 13. unique simplicity 独特的简单性 14. rural areas 农村地区 15. far from 远离 16. spread across 传遍 17. bare feet 赤脚 18. make money 赚钱 19. bring people together 把人们团结在一起 20. as a result 结果 21. promote peace 促进和平 22. throughout the country 全国范围内 23. out of trouble 远离麻烦 24. competed to get a place 竞争获得参赛资格 25. qualified for 获得……的资格 26. final tournament 决赛阶段比赛 27. in total 总共 28. competed in 在……中参赛 五、词性转换 1.academy n. 学院;研究院;学会 —— academic adj. 学术的;理论的;n. 大学教师 2.association n. 协会;社团;关联 —— associate v. 联想;交往;adj. 副的;联合的 —— associated adj. 相关的;关联的 3.border n. 边界;边境;v. 接壤 —— borderline n. 边界线;adj. 临界的;可疑的 —— bordered adj. 有边的;带边的 4.colonist n. 殖民者;殖民地居民 —— colonize v. 殖民;建立殖民地 —— colony n. 殖民地;聚居地 5.continent n. 大陆;大洲;adj. 克制的 —— continental adj. 大陆的;大洲的;欧洲大陆的 6.defeat v. 击败;战胜;n. 失败 —— defeated adj. 被击败的;受挫的 —— defeating adj. 令人挫败的 7.discrimination n. 歧视;辨别力 —— discriminate v. 歧视;区别对待;辨别 —— discriminatory adj. 歧视性的;差别对待的 8.establish v. 建立;设立;确立 —— establishment n. 建立;机构;确立 —— established adj. 已确立的;著名的 9.European adj. 欧洲的;n. 欧洲人 —— Europe n. 欧洲 10.flat adj. 平坦的;扁平的;n. 公寓 —— flatten v. 使变平;使扁平 —— flatly adv. 断然地;平坦地 11.immigrant n. 移民;侨民 —— immigrate v. （从外国）移入;移居 —— immigration n. 移民;移居入境 12.originate v. 起源;发源;创始 —— origin n. 起源;出身;源头 —— original adj. 原始的;独创的;n. 原作;原件 13.participate v. 参与;参加 —— participation n. 参与;参加 —— participant n. 参与者;参加者 14.passion n. 激情;热爱;强烈情感 —— passionate adj. 热情的;充满激情的 —— passionately adv. 热情地;激昂地 15.popularity n. 受欢迎;流行度 —— popular adj. 流行的;受欢迎的 —— popularize v. 普及;推广;使流行 16.professional adj. 职业的;专业的;n. 专业人士 —— profession n. 职业;行业;专业 —— professionalism n. 专业精神;职业素养 17.qualify v. 使具备资格;限制 —— qualification n. 资格;条件;限制 —— qualified adj. 有资格的;合格的 18.quality n. 质量;品质;adj. 优质的 —— qualitative adj. 定性的;性质的 —— quantify v. 量化;确定数量 19.recruit v. 招募;招聘;n. 新成员 —— recruitment n. 招募;招聘;新兵征召 —— recruiter n. 招聘人员;征兵人员 20.refer v. 提及;参考;查阅 —— reference n. 参考;提及;推荐信 —— referred adj. 被提及的;被转介的 21.region n. 地区;区域;范围 —— regional adj. 地区的;区域的;地方的 —— regionalism n. 地方主义;区域主义 22.settle v. 定居;解决;安定 —— settlement n. 定居点;解决;协议 —— settled adj. 定居的;稳定的;解决了的 23.simplicity n. 简单;朴素;易懂 —— simple adj. 简单的;朴素的;易懂的 —— simplify v. 简化;使简易 24.string n. 线;弦;一串;v. 系;串起 —— stringed adj. 有弦的（乐器） —— stringy adj. 多筋的;纤维多的 25.tough adj. 坚韧的;困难的;强硬的 —— toughen v. 使坚韧;使强硬 —— toughly adv. 强硬地;坚韧地 26.ultimately adv. 最终;根本上;归根结底 —— ultimate adj. 最终的;根本的;终极的 —— ultimatum n. 最后通牒;最后要求 27.unify v. 统一;使联合 —— unification n. 统一;联合 —— unified adj. 统一的;联合的 28.unity n. 团结;统一;整体 —— unite v. 团结;联合;统一 —— united adj. 团结的;联合的;统一的 29.universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;通用的 —— universe n. 宇宙;天地万物 —— universality n. 普遍性;通用性 六、课文仿写 1. Maybe it’s the game’s camaraderie: the feeling that the team on the field is your team; their win is your victory, and their loss is your defeat. 【描述主角内心感受】 或许是家庭温暖的纽带：那种认知即家里的人都是你坚强的后盾，他们的喜悦就是你的快乐，而他们的悲伤也是你所心疼的事。 Maybe it's the family's warm bond: the perception that the people at home are your strong support; their joys are your happiness, and their sorrows are your heartaches. 2.It is this unique simplicity that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa . 【介绍活动成功原因】 正是这个创新的想法使得我们的筹款活动成为近年来最成功的一次。 It is this innovative idea that makes our fundraising event the most successful one in recent years. 【描述人物行为影响】 正是她无私的帮助，让那个迷路的孩子再次感到安全和充满希望 。 It is her selfless help that makes the lost child feel safe and hopeful again. 七、课文翻译 世界第一运动 A 纵观历史，人类一直都在玩某种形式的踢球游戏。如今被世界称为足球（在美国称为soccer）的运动，最早可追溯到公元前2500年的中国蹴鞠。不过，我们今天所熟知的这项运动起源于英国。19世纪40年代，英格兰足球协会制定了一套规则，现代足球由此诞生。如今，全球有超过2亿名球员参与这项运动，足球真正成为了世界运动。 B 那么，足球为何如此受欢迎？或许是因为这项运动所带来的团队情谊：场上的球队就是“你的”球队；他们的胜利就是“你的胜利”，他们的失利就是“你的失败”。又或许是因为这项运动的国际性。在法国、英国、西班牙和巴西等国家，顶级球队汇聚了来自不同国家的球员，这些俱乐部的球迷也遍布全球。又或者是因为它所带来的巨大财富前景。包括巴西的内马尔和尼日利亚的维克托·摩西在内的许多职业足球运动员，都出身贫寒。如今，这两位球员每年都能赚取数百万欧元。 C 足球之所以受欢迎，以上这些原因都有，但归根结底，它能风靡全球的主要原因或许在于：这是一项简单的运动。它可以在任何地方、用任何东西来玩——一个球、一个罐子，甚至是几个绑在一起的袋子。任何人都能参与其中。“踢足球不需要很有钱……”历史学家彼得·阿莱吉说，“你只需要一块平地和一个球。” D 正是这种独特的简单性，让足球成为非洲最受欢迎的运动。在这里，即使是远离繁华灯光和大型体育场的偏远乡村，大人和孩子也会玩足球，而且他们用的球常常是手工制作的。 对足球的热爱 E 足球在非洲的历史源远流长。19世纪，欧洲殖民者将这项运动带到了非洲。1862年，南非的开普敦和伊丽莎白港首次举办了早期比赛。随着时间推移，这项运动传遍了整个非洲大陆。如今，许多顶尖足球运动员都来自非洲国家，包括塞内加尔、科特迪瓦、加纳和尼日利亚。在整个非洲大陆，数千所足球学院如今都在从较贫困的城镇招募男孩来踢球。许多人光着脚³学习踢球，他们坚韧且富有创造力，是出色的竞争者。他们的梦想是有朝一日为国家队效力，或加入欧洲的顶级俱乐部。对一些人来说，这个梦想实现了。 F 但加入职业球队赚钱的机会，或许并不是足球在非洲流行的主要原因。“足球是这里每个人的激情所在，”在加纳塔马利青年俱乐部工作的教师阿布巴卡里·阿卜杜勒-加尼尤说，“它让我们团结在一起。”事实上，这项运动不止一次地帮助人们凝聚在一起。例如，在科特迪瓦，移民和穆斯林多年来一直面临歧视。然而，该国许多最优秀的足球运动员都来自穆斯林和移民家庭。因此，国家队成为了团结的象征，并帮助在全国范围内促进了和平。 G 在整个非洲，足球受到家长和教师欢迎还有另一个原因：它能让年轻人——尤其是男孩——留在学校，远离麻烦。“在加纳塔马利，大多数俱乐部不允许不上学的男孩踢球，”阿布巴卡里解释道，“我们正尽最大努力帮助年轻人，让他们在社会中成为有责任感的人。足球帮助我们做到了这一点。对我们来说，足球也是希望的工具。” $1 SPORTS AND FITNESS USK WARM UP Discuss these questions with a partner. 1.What sports are popular in your country?Why are they popular? A visually impaired skier practices in a wind 2.Which types of athletes tunnel to prepare for the do you think are the Paralympic Games. fittest? 1A BEFORE YOU READ PREVIEWING A.How much do you know about soccer?Read the sentences(1-4)and choose T(true)or F(false).Then check your ideas when you read the passage. 1.The origins of soccer are more than 4,000 years old. TF 2.The modern sport of soccer started in Italy. TF 3.Globally,more than 200 million people play soccer. TF 4.Soccer is the most popular sport in Africa. T F PREDICTING B.Why is soccer such a popular sport?Note your ideas.Then read the passage and underline the reasons that are mentioned. A soccer game on Mboro Plage beach,Senegal 8 Unit 1A THE WORLD'S GAME A Throughout history,humans have played some kind of kicking game.What the world now calls football-or soccer in the United States-began as far back as 2500 B.C.E.with the Chinese game of cuju.However,the sport we know today originated in Britain.In the 1840s,England's Football Association established a set of rules,and the modern game was born. Today,more than 200 million players all over the globe participate in the game,truly making soccer the world's sport. B So,why is soccer so popular?Maybe it's the game's camaraderie:1 the feeling that the team on the field is your team; their win is your victory,and their loss is your defeat.Or maybe it's the game's international quality.In countries like France, England,Spain,and Brazil,major teams have players from many different nations,and these clubs now have fans all over the world.Or perhaps it's the promise of great wealth.A number of professional soccer players,including Brazil's Neymar and Nigeria's Victor Moses,come from poor families.Today,both of these players make millions of euros every year. C Soccer is popular for all of these reasons,but ultimately,the main reason for its universal appeal may be this:It's a simple game.It can be played anywhere with anything-a ball,a can, or even some bags tied together.And anyone can play it."You don't need to be rich...to play soccer,"says historian Peter Alegi."You just need a flat space and a ball. D It is this unique simplicity that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa.Here,even in rural areas far from the bright lights and big stadiums,children and adults play the game,often with handmade balls. 1 Camaraderie is a feeling of friendship or team spirit among people who share an experience together. Unit 1A 9 A Love for Soccer people together.In Ivory Coast,for example, immigrants4 and Muslims faced discrimination5 E The story of soccer in Africa is a long one.In the for years.Yet many of the country's best soccer 19th century,European colonists2 brought the players are from Muslim and immigrant families. game to Africa.Early matches were first played in As a result,the national team has become a the South African cities of Cape Town and Port symbol of unity and has helped to promote Elizabeth in 1862.In time,the sport spread across peace throughout the country. the continent.Today,several of the game's best players come from African nations,including G All over Africa,soccer is popular with parents Senegal,Ivory Coast,Ghana,and Nigeria.All and teachers for another reason:It keeps young over the continent,thousands of soccer academies people-especially boys-in school and out now recruit boys from poorer cities and towns of trouble."Most clubs in Tamale,Ghana, to play the game.Many learn to play in their bare don't allow boys to play if they don't go to feet,3 and they are tough,creative competitors. school,"explains Abubakari."We're trying our Their dream is to play for the national team or to best to help young people and to make them join one of the big clubs in Europe someday.For responsible in society.Soccer helps us do this some,the dream comes true. For us,soccer is also a tool for hope." F But the chance to make money with a professional team is probably not the main 2 Colonists are people who settle in a country which is ruled by another country. reason for soccer's popularity in Africa."Soccer is 3 If you do something in your bare feet,you do it without the passion of everyone here,"says Abubakari shoes. Abdul-Ganiyu,a teacher who works with youth 4 An immigrant is a person who comes to live in a country from another country. clubs in Tamale,Ghana."It unifies us.In fact, 5 If you face discrimination,you experience unfair treatment more than once,the game has helped to bring because of your age,gender,etc. Children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo play soccer with a ball made of string and tape. 10 Unit 1A SOCCER More than 200 national teams from six regions competed to get a place in 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.Thirty-two soccer teams qualified for the final WITHOUT tournament.Although each team represents a country, it doesn't mean all its players were born there.Family BORDERS relations and dual citizenship(having two nationalities) influence which country a player plays for. UEFA Europe CONCACAF AFC Of the 32 teams competing for the World North America, Asia and Cup(shown here),25 had at least one teem6eanand Central Ame Australia foreign-born player.In total,97 foreign-born South America ○ceania players competed in the 2018 World Cup. 9 9 abia England ★ mark Saudi France ★★ Japan ★★★★ Germany Arrow width shows number of players;those ○on with more than one playe are labeled. Australia Iceland ● Tunisia Poland● BplayersbornnFrancebvtpiayedforMorc9 Senegal Portugal Nigeria 2 Russia Morocco (host) Serbia ●Egypt Spain Panama Sweden Mexico Switzerland Uruguay Costa Rica Argentina Foreign-born player's connection from birthplace to World Cup team National team with World Cup win foreign-born players Country 15 or more appearances Not shown:35 foreign- ○National team with no Country 7-14 appearances foreign-born players n in cour didn'tqualify Country 6 or fewer appearances Unit 1A 11 READING COMPREHENSION A.Choose the best answer for each question. GIST 1.What is this passage mainly about? a.the history of soccer b.the popularity of soccer c.different soccer teams d.how the World Cup began DETAIL 2.In paragraph B,which of these is NOT given as a possible reason for soccer's popularity? a.the team spirit among players and fans b.famous players from different countries c.the number of soccer games shown on TV d.the possibility of making a lot of money INFERENCE 3.What aspect of soccer is the author referring to by /t's a Between 1930 and 2018, simple game in paragraph C? 79 national teams took part in a World Cup a.The rules are easy for people to understand. tournament. b.You can play it anywhere with anything. c.You don't need much talent to play soccer. d.There are only a few versions of soccer. REFERENCE 4.What does some refer to in the last line of paragraph E? a.poor boys b.cities and towns c.soccer academies d.national teams MAIN IDEA 5.What is the main idea of the last paragraph? a.More schools in Africa are opening soccer clubs. b.Soccer helps people get better grades in school. c.Older soccer players are passing on their skills to younger ones. d.Soccer helps develop young people as members of society. IDENTIFYING B.Match each statement(1-4)with the country it describes (a-e),according to the passage.One country is extra. a.Britain b.China c.Ghana d.Ivory Coast e.South Africa 1._This is where the first games of soccer were played in Africa. 2._A very early form of soccer was played here 3. This is where the soccer we know today originated 4. Some soccer clubs here allow boys to join only if they go to school. 12 Unit 1A READING SKILL Analyzing Infographics(1) An infographic is a visual representation of information.It condenses a large amount of information into a combination of images,words,and numbers.Look for information in keys and captions,and other clues,such as the use of colors and lines,to help you understand how the parts of the infographic relate to each other. ANALYZING A.What information can you get from the "Soccer Without Borders"infographic? INFOGRAPHICS Check (all that are true. a.how many teams with foreign-born players took part in the 2018 World Cup b.the number of foreign-born players in each team c.how far foreign-born players traveled to get to the World Cup B.How does the infographic present its information?Match each feature(1-5) with the information it shows (a-e). 1.width of arrows ● ·a.World Cups wins 2.direction of arrows ● b.World Cup appearances 3.size of country names ● .C.regional confederation 4.color of country names ● d.number of foreign-born players 5.the stars above country names ● from one country .e.player's country of birth to the country they play for ANALYZING C.Choose T(true)or F(false)for each statement about the infographic. INFOGRAPHICS 1.France has won the most World Cups. TF 2.South Korea has appeared in the World Cup finals more than six times. 3.Colombia had no foreign-born players in 2018. TF 4.Three players born in England played for Nigeria. T F CRITICAL THINKING Evaluating Evidence In paragraph A the writer states that soccer is "truly .. the world's sport."What evidence is given to support the claim?Find and note two examples from the reading passage. Unit 1A 13 VOCABULARY PRACTICE COMPLETION A.Complete the information.Choose the correct words. In 2015,the Women's World Cup final attracted the biggest TV audience for a soccer game in U.S.history.But women's soccer wasn't always so popular.The big step forward came in 1991 when FIFA 'recruited/established the Women's World Cup.In the final of that tournament,striker Michelle Anne Akers led the United States to 2victory/unity over Norway.Four years later,Norway defeated/established Germany in the final.Then,in 1996, Acompetitors/unity from eight countries played in the first-ever women's soccer event at the Olympics.Since then,women's soccer has gone from strength to strength.Partly this is due to the popularity AIn 2018,Ada Hegerberg became of world-class players like Marta from Brazil,Japan's Homare Sawa, the first female winner of the and Ada Hegerberg from Norway.Top players with a Srecruit/ "Golden Ball"world soccer award. passion for the sport are universal/responsible for helping make women's soccer hugely popular today. DEFINITIONS B.Complete the sentences.Choose the correct options. 1.If you recruit someone to an organization,you want them to a.join b.organize 2.Something that is unique is a.not as good as others b.the only one of its kind 3.If something is universal,it relates to in the world. a.few people b.all people 4.When there is unity,people a.act together b.go separate ways WORD LINK C.The prefix uni-in words such as unity means "one"or "single."Complete the sentences with the correct word from the box. uniform unite unique universal 1.In U.S.baseball,many teams have a home that is mostly white. 2.A successful sports team can a city or country. 3.Gaelic football is a sport to Ireland 4.Researchers believe the desire to play and be entertained is 14 Unit 1A READING EXPLORER LEVER 2 课前检测 一、词汇与短语积累40’） 名字：____________ READING EXPLORER LEVER 3 made by Ally 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. n. 学院；研究院；学会 ________________ 2. v. 呼吁；上诉；n. 吸引力 ________________ 3. n. 方面；层面；外观 ________________ 4. n. 协会；社团；关联________________ 5. adj. 赤裸的；光秃的 ________________ 6. n. 殖民者；殖民地居民 ________________ 7. n. 大陆；大洲；adj. 克制的 _____________ 8. n. 歧视；辨别力________________ 9. adj. 双重的；两部分的_______________ 10. n. 性别；（语法）性 ________________ 11. n. 移民；侨民 ________________ 12. v. 使具备资格；限制 ________________ 13. v. 招募；招聘；n. 新成员 ________________ 14. adj. 农村的；乡村的 _______________ 15. n. 简单；朴素；易懂 _______________ 16. n. 体育场；运动场 _______________ 17. n. 线；弦；一串；v. 系；串起 _______________ 18. n. 锦标赛；联赛 _______________ 19. adv. 最终；根本上 _______________ 20. n. 版本；说法；变体 _______________ READING EXPLORER LEVER 2 U1A 嗜糖 SWEET LOVE 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、词性转换（60’） 1. border n. 边界;边境;v. 接壤 —— n. 边界线;adj. 临界的 —— adj. 有边的;带边的 2. defeat v. 击败;战胜;n. 失败 —— adj. 被击败的;受挫的 —— adj. 令人挫败的 3. establish v. 建立;设立;确立 —— n. 建立;机构;确立 —— adj. 已确立的;著名的 4. originate v. 起源;发源;创始 —— n. 起源;出身;源头 —— adj. 原始的;独创的;n. 原作;原件 5. participate v. 参与;参加 —— n. 参与;参加 —— n. 参与者;参加者 6. passion n. 激情;热爱 —— adj. 热情的;充满激情的 —— adv. 热情地;激昂地 7. popularity n. 受欢迎;流行度 —— adj. 流行的;受欢迎的 —— v. 普及;推广;使流行 8. professional adj. 职业的;专业的;n. 专业人士 —— n. 职业;行业;专业 —— n. 专业精神;职业素养 9. refer v. 提及;参考;查阅 —— n. 参考;提及;推荐信 —— adj. 被提及的;被转介的 10. region n. 地区;区域;范围 —— adj. 地区的;区域的;地方的 —— n. 地方主义;区域主义 11. settle v. 定居;解决;安定 —— n. 定居点;解决;协议 —— adj. 定居的;稳定的;解决了的 12. tough adj. 坚韧的;困难的;强硬的 —— v. 使坚韧;使强硬 —— adv. 强硬地;坚韧地 13. unify v. 统一;使联合 —— n. 统一;联合 —— adj. 统一的;联合的 14. unity n. 团结;统一;整体 —— v. 团结;联合;统一 —— adj. 团结的;联合的;统一的 15. universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;通用的 —— n. 宇宙;天地万物 —— n. 普遍性;通用性 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $简明打印版 序号 单词 美式音标 词义 1 academy /əˈkædəmi/ n. 学院；研究院；学会 2 appeal /əˈpiːl/ v. 呼吁；上诉；有吸引力；n. 吸引力 3 aspect /ˈæspekt/ n. 方面；层面；外观 4 association /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 协会；社团；关联 5 bare /ber/ adj. 赤裸的；光秃的；v. 暴露 6 border /ˈbɔːrdər/ n. 边界；边境；v. 接壤 7 camaraderie /ˌkɑːməˈrɑːdəri/ n. 友情；同志情谊 8 citizenship /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/ n. 公民身份；公民权 9 colonist /ˈkɑːlənɪst/ n. 殖民者；殖民地居民 10 continent /ˈkɑːntɪnənt/ n. 大陆；大洲；adj. 克制的 11 defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ v. 击败；战胜；n. 失败 12 discrimination /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 歧视；辨别力 13 dual /ˈduːəl/ adj. 双重的；两部分的 14 establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ v. 建立；设立；确立 15 European /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/ adj. 欧洲的；n. 欧洲人 16 flat /flæt/ adj. 平坦的；扁平的；n. 公寓 17 gender /ˈdʒendər/ n. 性别；（语法）性 18 immigrant /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/ n. 移民；侨民 19 originate /əˈrɪdʒəneɪt/ v. 起源；发源；创始 20 participate /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 参与；参加 21 passion /ˈpæʃn/ n. 激情；热爱；强烈情感 22 popularity /ˌpɑːpjuˈlærəti/ n. 受欢迎；流行度 23 professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 职业的；专业的；n. 专业人士 24 qualify /ˈkwɑːlɪfaɪ/ v. 使具备资格；限制 25 quality /ˈkwɑːləti/ n. 质量；品质；adj. 优质的 26 recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ v. 招募；招聘；n. 新成员 27 refer /rɪˈfɜːr/ v. 提及；参考；查阅 28 region /ˈriːdʒən/ n. 地区；区域；范围 29 rural /ˈrʊrəl/ adj. 农村的；乡村的 30 settle /ˈsetl/ v. 定居；解决；安定 31 simplicity /sɪmˈplɪsəti/ n. 简单；朴素；易懂 32 stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育场；运动场 33 string /strɪŋ/ n. 线；弦；一串；v. 系；串起 34 tough /tʌf/ adj. 坚韧的；困难的；强硬的 35 tournament /ˈtʊrnəmənt/ n. 锦标赛；联赛 36 ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终；根本上；归根结底 37 unify /ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ v. 统一；使联合 38 unity /ˈjuːnəti/ n. 团结；统一；整体 39 universal /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsl/ adj. 普遍的；全体的；通用的 40 version /ˈvɜːrʒn/ n. 版本；说法；变体 中译英 序号 单词 词义 1 n. 学院；研究院；学会 2 v. 呼吁；上诉；有吸引力；n. 吸引力 3 n. 方面；层面；外观 4 n. 协会；社团；关联 5 adj. 赤裸的；光秃的；v. 暴露 6 n. 边界；边境；v. 接壤 7 n. 友情；同志情谊 8 n. 公民身份；公民权 9 n. 殖民者；殖民地居民 10 n. 大陆；大洲；adj. 克制的 11 v. 击败；战胜；n. 失败 12 n. 歧视；辨别力 13 adj. 双重的；两部分的 14 v. 建立；设立；确立 15 adj. 欧洲的；n. 欧洲人 16 adj. 平坦的；扁平的；n. 公寓 17 n. 性别；（语法）性 18 n. 移民；侨民 19 v. 起源；发源；创始 20 v. 参与；参加 21 n. 激情；热爱；强烈情感 22 n. 受欢迎；流行度 23 adj. 职业的；专业的；n. 专业人士 24 v. 使具备资格；限制 25 n. 质量；品质；adj. 优质的 26 v. 招募；招聘；n. 新成员 27 v. 提及；参考；查阅 28 n. 地区；区域；范围 29 adj. 农村的；乡村的 30 v. 定居；解决；安定 31 n. 简单；朴素；易懂 32 n. 体育场；运动场 33 n. 线；弦；一串；v. 系；串起 34 adj. 坚韧的；困难的；强硬的 35 n. 锦标赛；联赛 36 adv. 最终；根本上；归根结底 37 v. 统一；使联合 38 n. 团结；统一；整体 39 adj. 普遍的；全体的；通用的 40 n. 版本；说法；变体 $U1A The World’s Game 一、原文复现 The World’s Game A Throughout history, humans （play）some kind of kicking game. the world now calls football—or soccer in the United States—began as far back as 2500 B.C.E. with the Chinese game of cuju. However, the sport we know today originated in Britain. In the 1840s, England’s Football Association established a set of rules, and the modern game was born. Today, more than 200 million players all over the globe participate the game, truly (make) soccer the world’s sport. B So, why is soccer so popular? Maybe it’s the game’s camaraderie: the feeling the team on the field is your team; their win is your victory, and their loss is your defeat. Or maybe it’s the game’s international quality. In countries like France, England, Spain, and Brazil, major teams have players many different nations, and these clubs now have fans all over the world. Or perhaps it’s the promise of great wealth. A number of professional soccer players, including Brazil’s Neymar and Nigeria’s Victor Moses, come from poor families. Today, both of these players make millions of euros every year. C Soccer is popular for all of these reasons, but (ultimate) , the main reason for its universal appeal may be this: It’s a simple game. It can be played anywhere with anything—a ball, a can, or even some bags tied together. And anyone can play it. “You don’t need to be rich...to play soccer,” says historian Peter Alegi. “You just need a flat space a ball.” D It is this unique (simple) that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa. Here, even in rural areas far from the bright lights and big stadiums, children and adults play the game, often handmade balls. A Love for Soccer E The story of soccer in Africa is a long one. In the 19th century, European colonists brought the game to Africa. Early matches were first played in the South African cities of Cape Town and Port Elizabeth in 1862. In time, the sport spread across the continent. Today, several of the game’s best players come from African nations, including Senegal, Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Nigeria. All over the continent, thousands of soccer academies now recruit boys from poorer cities and towns to play the game. Many learn to play in their bare feet, and they are tough, creative (competitor). Their dream is to play for the national team or to join one of the big clubs in Europe someday. For some, the dream comes true. F But the chance to make money a professional team is probably not the main reason for soccer’s (popular) in Africa. “Soccer is the passion of everyone here,” says Abubakari Abdul-Ganiyu, a teacher who works with youth clubs in Tamale, Ghana. “It unifies us.” In fact, more once, the game has helped to bring people together. In Ivory Coast, for example, immigrants and Muslims faced discrimination for years. Yet many of the country’s best soccer players are from Muslim and immigrant families. As a result, the national team has become a symbol of unity and has helped to promote peace throughout the country. G All over Africa, soccer is popular with parents and teachers another reason: It keeps young people — especially boys—in school and out of trouble. “Most clubs in Tamale, Ghana, don’t allow boys to play if they don’t go to school,” explains Abubakari. “We’re trying our best to help young people and to make them responsible in society. Soccer helps us do this. For us, soccer is also a tool for hope.” 二、词义猜测 序 单词 词义猜测 简明英英释义 同义词 1 appeal ask for help or support request, attraction 2 aspect particular part or feature feature, facet 3 defeat win a victory over someone conquer, beat 4 discrimination treating people unfairly prejudice, bias 5 dual having two parts or aspects double, twofold 6 establish set up or found something found, create 7 immigrant person coming to live in a country settler, newcomer 8 originate begin or arise from begin, start 9 participate take part in an activity join, engage 10 qualify meet the required standards certify, restrict 11 refer mention or direct to a source mention, cite 12 rural relating to the countryside country, agricultural 13 simplicity quality of being easy to understand ease, plainness 14 tournament series of contests to find a winner competition, contest 三、不规则动词变化 序号 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 1 begin 开始 2 make 使得;制造 3 come 来;来自 4 say 说;讲 5 bring 带来;拿来 6 spread 传播;扩散 7 learn 学习;学会 8 become 成为;变得 9 keep 保持;保留 10 go 去;走 11 do 做;干 READING EXPLORER LEVER 3 四、短语积累 U1A 世界第一运动 The World’s Game made by Ally 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 纵观历史 2. 某种 3. 踢球游戏 4. 早在……时候 5. 起源于 6. 制定了一套规则 7. 全球各地 8. 参与 9. 世界各地 10. 许多 11. 所有这些原因 12. 普遍吸引力 13. 独特的简单性 14. 农村地区 15. 远离 16. 传遍 17. 赤脚 18. 赚钱 19. 把人们团结在一起 20. 结果 21. 促进和平 22. 全国范围内 23. 远离麻烦 24. 竞争获得参赛资格 25. 获得……的资格 26. 决赛阶段比赛 27. 总共 28. 在……中参赛 五、词性转换 1.academy n. 学院;研究院;学会 —— adj. 学术的;理论的;n. 大学教师 2.association n. 协会;社团;关联 —— v. 联想;交往;adj. 副的;联合的 —— adj. 相关的;关联的 3. border n. 边界;边境;v. 接壤 —— n. 边界线;adj. 临界的;可疑的 —— adj. 有边的;带边的 4.colonist n. 殖民者;殖民地居民 —— v. 殖民;建立殖民地 —— n. 殖民地;聚居地 5.continent n. 大陆;大洲;adj. 克制的 —— adj. 大陆的;大洲的;欧洲大陆的 6.defeat v. 击败;战胜;n. 失败 —— adj. 被击败的;受挫的 —— adj. 令人挫败的 7. discrimination n. 歧视;辨别力 —— v. 歧视;区别对待;辨别 —— adj. 歧视性的;差别对待的 8.establish v. 建立;设立;确立 —— n. 建立;机构;确立 —— adj. 已确立的;著名的 9.European adj. 欧洲的;n. 欧洲人 —— n. 欧洲 10.flat adj. 平坦的;扁平的;n. 公寓 —— v. 使变平;使扁平 —— adv. 断然地;平坦地 11. immigrant n. 移民;侨民 —— v. （从外国）移入;移居 —— n. 移民;移居入境 12.originate v. 起源;发源;创始 —— n. 起源;出身;源头 —— adj. 原始的;独创的;n. 原作;原件 13.participate v. 参与;参加 —— n. 参与;参加 —— n. 参与者;参加者 14.passion n. 激情;热爱;强烈情感 —— adj. 热情的;充满激情的 —— adv. 热情地;激昂地 15. popularity n. 受欢迎;流行度 —— adj. 流行的;受欢迎的 —— v. 普及;推广;使流行 16.professional adj. 职业的;专业的;n. 专业人士 —— n. 职业;行业;专业 —— n. 专业精神;职业素养 17.qualify v. 使具备资格;限制 —— n. 资格;条件;限制 —— adj. 有资格的;合格的 18.quality n. 质量;品质;adj. 优质的 —— adj. 定性的;性质的 —— v. 量化;确定数量 19.recruit v. 招募;招聘;n. 新成员 —— n. 招募;招聘;新兵征召 —— n. 招聘人员;征兵人员 20.refer v. 提及;参考;查阅 —— n. 参考;提及;推荐信 —— adj. 被提及的;被转介的 21. region n. 地区;区域;范围 —— adj. 地区的;区域的;地方的 —— n. 地方主义;区域主义 22.settle v. 定居;解决;安定 —— n. 定居点;解决;协议 —— adj. 定居的;稳定的;解决了的 22. simplicity n. 简单;朴素;易懂 —— adj. 简单的;朴素的;易懂的 —— v. 简化;使简易 24.string n. 线;弦;一串;v. 系;串起 —— adj. 有弦的（乐器） —— adj. 多筋的;纤维多的 25. tough adj. 坚韧的;困难的;强硬的 —— v. 使坚韧;使强硬 —— adv. 强硬地;坚韧地 26.ultimately adv. 最终;根本上;归根结底 —— adj. 最终的;根本的;终极的 —— n. 最后通牒;最后要求 27.unify v. 统一;使联合 —— n. 统一;联合 —— adj. 统一的;联合的 28.unity n. 团结;统一;整体 —— v. 团结;联合;统一 —— adj. 团结的;联合的;统一的 29.universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;通用的 —— n. 宇宙;天地万物 —— n. 普遍性;通用性 六、课文仿写 1. Maybe it’s the game’s camaraderie: the feeling that the team on the field is your team; their win is your victory, and their loss is your defeat. 【描述主角内心感受】 或许是家庭温暖的纽带：那种认知即家里的人都是你坚强的后盾，他们的喜悦就是你的快乐，而他们的悲伤也是你所心疼的事。 2.It is this unique simplicity that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa . 【介绍活动成功原因】 正是这个创新的想法使得我们的筹款活动成为近年来最成功的一次。 【描述人物行为影响】 正是她无私的帮助，让那个迷路的孩子再次感到安全和充满希望 。 READING EXPLORER LEVER 3 四、短语积累 U1A 世界第一运动 1 The World’s Game made by Ally 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. throughout history 纵观历史 2. some kind of 某种 3. kicking game 踢球游戏 4. as far back as 早在……时候 5. originated in 起源于 6. established a set of rules 制定了一套规则 7. all over the globe 全球各地 8. participate in 参与 9. all over the world 世界各地 10. a number of 许多 11. all of these reasons 所有这些原因 12. universal appeal 普遍吸引力 13. unique simplicity 独特的简单性 14. rural areas 农村地区 15. far from 远离 16. spread across 传遍 17. bare feet 赤脚 18. make money 赚钱 19. bring people together 把人们团结在一起 20. as a result 结果 21. promote peace 促进和平 22. throughout the country 全国范围内 23. out of trouble 远离麻烦 24. competed to get a place 竞争获得参赛资格 25. qualified for 获得……的资格 26. final tournament 决赛阶段比赛 27. in total 总共 28. competed in 在……中参赛 五、词性转换 1.academy n. 学院;研究院;学会 —— academic adj. 学术的;理论的;n. 大学教师 2.association n. 协会;社团;关联 —— associate v. 联想;交往;adj. 副的;联合的 —— associated adj. 相关的;关联的 3.border n. 边界;边境;v. 接壤 —— borderline n. 边界线;adj. 临界的;可疑的 —— bordered adj. 有边的;带边的 4.colonist n. 殖民者;殖民地居民 —— colonize v. 殖民;建立殖民地 —— colony n. 殖民地;聚居地 5.continent n. 大陆;大洲;adj. 克制的 —— continental adj. 大陆的;大洲的;欧洲大陆的 6.defeat v. 击败;战胜;n. 失败 —— defeated adj. 被击败的;受挫的 —— defeating adj. 令人挫败的 7.discrimination n. 歧视;辨别力 —— discriminate v. 歧视;区别对待;辨别 —— discriminatory adj. 歧视性的;差别对待的 8.establish v. 建立;设立;确立 —— establishment n. 建立;机构;确立 —— established adj. 已确立的;著名的 9.European adj. 欧洲的;n. 欧洲人 —— Europe n. 欧洲 10.flat adj. 平坦的;扁平的;n. 公寓 —— flatten v. 使变平;使扁平 —— flatly adv. 断然地;平坦地 11.immigrant n. 移民;侨民 —— immigrate v. （从外国）移入;移居 —— immigration n. 移民;移居入境 12.originate v. 起源;发源;创始 —— origin n. 起源;出身;源头 —— original adj. 原始的;独创的;n. 原作;原件 13.participate v. 参与;参加 —— participation n. 参与;参加 —— participant n. 参与者;参加者 14.passion n. 激情;热爱;强烈情感 —— passionate adj. 热情的;充满激情的 —— passionately adv. 热情地;激昂地 15.popularity n. 受欢迎;流行度 —— popular adj. 流行的;受欢迎的 —— popularize v. 普及;推广;使流行 16.professional adj. 职业的;专业的;n. 专业人士 —— profession n. 职业;行业;专业 —— professionalism n. 专业精神;职业素养 17.qualify v. 使具备资格;限制 —— qualification n. 资格;条件;限制 —— qualified adj. 有资格的;合格的 18.quality n. 质量;品质;adj. 优质的 —— qualitative adj. 定性的;性质的 —— quantify v. 量化;确定数量 19.recruit v. 招募;招聘;n. 新成员 —— recruitment n. 招募;招聘;新兵征召 —— recruiter n. 招聘人员;征兵人员 20.refer v. 提及;参考;查阅 —— reference n. 参考;提及;推荐信 —— referred adj. 被提及的;被转介的 21.region n. 地区;区域;范围 —— regional adj. 地区的;区域的;地方的 —— regionalism n. 地方主义;区域主义 22.settle v. 定居;解决;安定 —— settlement n. 定居点;解决;协议 —— settled adj. 定居的;稳定的;解决了的 23.simplicity n. 简单;朴素;易懂 —— simple adj. 简单的;朴素的;易懂的 —— simplify v. 简化;使简易 24.string n. 线;弦;一串;v. 系;串起 —— stringed adj. 有弦的（乐器） —— stringy adj. 多筋的;纤维多的 25.tough adj. 坚韧的;困难的;强硬的 —— toughen v. 使坚韧;使强硬 —— toughly adv. 强硬地;坚韧地 26.ultimately adv. 最终;根本上;归根结底 —— ultimate adj. 最终的;根本的;终极的 —— ultimatum n. 最后通牒;最后要求 27.unify v. 统一;使联合 —— unification n. 统一;联合 —— unified adj. 统一的;联合的 28.unity n. 团结;统一;整体 —— unite v. 团结;联合;统一 —— united adj. 团结的;联合的;统一的 29.universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;通用的 —— universe n. 宇宙;天地万物 —— universality n. 普遍性;通用性 六、课文仿写 1. Maybe it’s the game’s camaraderie: the feeling that the team on the field is your team; their win is your victory, and their loss is your defeat. 【描述主角内心感受】 或许是家庭温暖的纽带：那种认知即家里的人都是你坚强的后盾，他们的喜悦就是你的快乐，而他们的悲伤也是你所心疼的事。 Maybe it's the family's warm bond: the perception that the people at home are your strong support; their joys are your happiness, and their sorrows are your heartaches. 2.It is this unique simplicity that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa . 【介绍活动成功原因】 正是这个创新的想法使得我们的筹款活动成为近年来最成功的一次。 It is this innovative idea that makes our fundraising event the most successful one in recent years. 【描述人物行为影响】 正是她无私的帮助，让那个迷路的孩子再次感到安全和充满希望 。 It is her selfless help that makes the lost child feel safe and hopeful again. 七、课文翻译 世界第一运动 A 纵观历史，人类一直都在玩某种形式的踢球游戏。如今被世界称为足球（在美国称为soccer）的运动，最早可追溯到公元前2500年的中国蹴鞠。不过，我们今天所熟知的这项运动起源于英国。19世纪40年代，英格兰足球协会制定了一套规则，现代足球由此诞生。如今，全球有超过2亿名球员参与这项运动，足球真正成为了世界运动。 B 那么，足球为何如此受欢迎？或许是因为这项运动所带来的团队情谊：场上的球队就是“你的”球队；他们的胜利就是“你的胜利”，他们的失利就是“你的失败”。又或许是因为这项运动的国际性。在法国、英国、西班牙和巴西等国家，顶级球队汇聚了来自不同国家的球员，这些俱乐部的球迷也遍布全球。又或者是因为它所带来的巨大财富前景。包括巴西的内马尔和尼日利亚的维克托·摩西在内的许多职业足球运动员，都出身贫寒。如今，这两位球员每年都能赚取数百万欧元。 C 足球之所以受欢迎，以上这些原因都有，但归根结底，它能风靡全球的主要原因或许在于：这是一项简单的运动。它可以在任何地方、用任何东西来玩——一个球、一个罐子，甚至是几个绑在一起的袋子。任何人都能参与其中。“踢足球不需要很有钱……”历史学家彼得·阿莱吉说，“你只需要一块平地和一个球。” D 正是这种独特的简单性，让足球成为非洲最受欢迎的运动。在这里，即使是远离繁华灯光和大型体育场的偏远乡村，大人和孩子也会玩足球，而且他们用的球常常是手工制作的。 对足球的热爱 E 足球在非洲的历史源远流长。19世纪，欧洲殖民者将这项运动带到了非洲。1862年，南非的开普敦和伊丽莎白港首次举办了早期比赛。随着时间推移，这项运动传遍了整个非洲大陆。如今，许多顶尖足球运动员都来自非洲国家，包括塞内加尔、科特迪瓦、加纳和尼日利亚。在整个非洲大陆，数千所足球学院如今都在从较贫困的城镇招募男孩来踢球。许多人光着脚³学习踢球，他们坚韧且富有创造力，是出色的竞争者。他们的梦想是有朝一日为国家队效力，或加入欧洲的顶级俱乐部。对一些人来说，这个梦想实现了。 F 但加入职业球队赚钱的机会，或许并不是足球在非洲流行的主要原因。“足球是这里每个人的激情所在，”在加纳塔马利青年俱乐部工作的教师阿布巴卡里·阿卜杜勒-加尼尤说，“它让我们团结在一起。”事实上，这项运动不止一次地帮助人们凝聚在一起。例如，在科特迪瓦，移民和穆斯林多年来一直面临歧视。然而，该国许多最优秀的足球运动员都来自穆斯林和移民家庭。因此，国家队成为了团结的象征，并帮助在全国范围内促进了和平。 G 在整个非洲，足球受到家长和教师欢迎还有另一个原因：它能让年轻人——尤其是男孩——留在学校，远离麻烦。“在加纳塔马利，大多数俱乐部不允许不上学的男孩踢球，”阿布巴卡里解释道，“我们正尽最大努力帮助年轻人，让他们在社会中成为有责任感的人。足球帮助我们做到了这一点。对我们来说，足球也是希望的工具。” $