Units 9-11语法专项2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）九年级上学期英语

该初中英语讲义通过结构化梳理构建Units 9-11语法知识体系，以“定义-标志词-结构-例句”框架系统呈现时态（一般过去时、将来时等）、被动语态及情态动词用法，用对比表格归纳不同时态的标志词与结构，清晰呈现语法重难点及内在逻辑联系。 练习设计注重从基础到综合的递进，如用括号内单词适当形式填空（例“Last summer, we ______ (visit)...”）夯实基础，语篇练语法（如毕业场景填空）提升语境运用能力，培养语言能力与思维品质。每个语法点配典型例句与易错提醒，基础薄弱学生可掌握规则，优秀学生能深化理解，为教师实施分层教学提供支持，助力学生自主复习效率提升。

鲁教版九上语法：（Units 9-11） 语法精讲 Unit 9 时态及语法结构复习 一般过去时 - 定义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 - 标志词：yesterday, last year, in 2020, just now, ago - 结构：主语+动词过去式 - 例句 例1 I visited the Great Wall last summer. 去年夏天我参观了长城。 例2 I missed the bus this morning. 我今天早上错过了公交车。 一般将来时 will - 定义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 - 标志词：tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon - 结构：主语+will+动词原形 - 例句 例3 We will travel to Xi'an next month. 我们下个月将去西安旅行。 例4 The tour guide will meet us at the airport. 导游将在机场接我们。 be going to do结构 - 定义：表示计划、打算做某事，或根据迹象判断将要发生某事。 - 结构：主语+am/is/ are going to+动词原形 - 例句 例5 I am going to take a package tour to Hangzhou.我打算参加一个杭州跟团游。 例6 They are going to stay in Beijing for three days.他们打算在北京待三天。 现在完成时 - 定义：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去持续到现在的动作。 - 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, for - 结构：主语+have/has+动词过去分词 - 例句 例7 I have been to the Palace Museum twice.我去过故宫博物院两次。 例8 She has not finished her travel diary yet.她还没有写完她的旅行日记。 情态动词 +动词原形 - 定义：表示能力、可能、许可或必要性。 - 常见情态动词：can, may, must, should, could - 结构：主语+情态动词+动词原形 - 例句 例1 You can take a bus to the Yellow Crane Tower.你可以坐公交车去黄鹤楼。 例2 Visitors must show their ID cards at the entrance.游客必须在入口处出示身份证。 语法专练 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Last summer, we ________ ( visit) the Temple of Heaven and ________ ( take) many photos. 2. Tomorrow, our guide ________ ( show) us around the Palace Museum. 3. I ________ never ________ ( be) to Yueyang Tower before, but I really want to go. 4. Look at the clouds! It ________ ( rain) soon. 5. He ________ ( not return) the book to the library yet, so he can’t borrow a new one. 6. You ________ ( not smoke ) in public places. It’s against the rules. 7. They ________ ( live) in the small village for over twenty years and they love it very much. 8. I believe we ________ ( solve) the problem in a short time. 9. —________ you ever ________ ( see) the Terracotta Army? —Not yet. 10. We ________ ( have) a school trip if the weather is fine tomorrow. 11. Nobody ________ ( leave) the classroom until the teacher allows you to. 12. My father ________ ( work) in this factory since he left college. 答案 1. visited; took   2. will show 3. have; been    4. is going to rain 5. hasn’t returned  6. mustn’t smoke 7. have lived    8. will solve/can solve 9. Have; seen   10. will have 11. can leave   12. has worked   Unit 10 复习被动语态 被动语态各时态结构 1. 一般现在时：am/ is/ are+过去分词 例：Paper‑cut is made by hand. 2. 一般过去时：was/ were+过去分词 例：The Zhaozhou Bridge was built in the Sui Dynasty. 3. 一般将来时：will be+过去分词 例：A new museum will be built next year. 4. 现在完成时：have/has been+过去分词 例：Many changes have been made in the city. 5. 情态动词：情态动词+be+过去分词 例：Chopsticks can be made of bamboo. 下列情况经常使用被动语态 1. 强调动词的承受者。 例句：Why are popular books made into films? 为什么流行的书被改编成电影？ 2. 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。 例句：Keys are used to open doors. 钥匙被用来开门。 3. 当动作的执行者不是“人”时。 例句：Many trees are planted by wind. 许多树是由风播种的。 主动语态与被动语态的转换 主动语态：Tom waters flowers every day. 被动语态：Flowers are watered by Tom every day. 语法专练 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I’m not sure when the bridge ________ (build). But it’s still strong. 2. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be ________ (solve) in the end. 3. —Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ________ (celebrate) widely in the world nowadays. 4. —Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ (clean) every day. —OK, Mom. I’ll do it right now. 5. Chinese ________ (speak) by more and more people in the world these days. 6. We should be honest with our friends, because it ________ (consider) to be our traditional value. 7. For thousands of years, it ________ (practise) by scholars and artists. 8. The problem ________ (not discuss) at the meeting tomorrow. 9. The new policy aims to boost ________ (commerce) development in the region. 10. The city enjoys great ________ (prosperous) because of tourism. 答案 1. was built   2. solved 3. is celebrated 4. be cleaned 5. is spoken   6. is considered 7. has been practised 8. won’t be discussed 9. commercial  10. prosperity Unit 11动词的六大时态 一般现在时 - 构成 ①主语(第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数)+动词原形 ②主语(第三人称单数)+动词的第三人称单数形式 - 用法 1.表示经常性或习惯性，反复发生的动作。常与表示频率的时间状语连用：often, usually, every day, once a week等 I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天早晨7点离开家去学校。 I am a middle school student. 我是一名中学生。 2.现在的状态、能力、性格、个性 3.表示客观真理、自然现象以及格言或警句等 The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 4.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”(主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来) I’ll e‑mail you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就发电子邮件给你。 一般过去时 - 构成：主语+动词过去式+其他 - 时间状语：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等 - 用法 1.在过去某一具体时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态 I saw him in the library yesterday morning. 昨天早上我看见他在图书馆。 2.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作 When I was a kid, I often played football. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常踢足球。 一般将来时 - 构成 ①主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他(shall用于第一人称，常被will代替) ②主语+be going to+动词原形+其他 - 用法 1.will：表达对未来的预测，强调单纯预测未来或临时作出的决定 We will have robots at home in the future. 将来我们在家里会拥有机器人。 2.be going to：表示事先计划、打算要做的动作，或根据明显迹象推测即将发生的情况 I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 我打算明天下午去踢足球。 3.时间状语有tomorrow, next week, in the future, in 10 years等 现在进行时 - 构成：主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词+其他 - 用法 1.表示说话时正在进行的动作 We are playing soccer now. 现在我们正在踢足球。 2.表示现阶段正在进行的事情，不一定说话时正在进行 I’m reading this book this week.本周我一直在看这本书。 3.时间状语或标志词有now, right now等；感官引导词有look，listen等，一般放于句首 过去进行时 - 构成：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他 - 用法 1.表示过去某一时刻或某时间段正在发生或进行的动作或存在的状态 I was watching TV at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我正在看电视。 2.时间状语有at+点钟+过去时间(如at 9 o’clock yesterday), at this time yesterday, at that time等 现在完成时 - 构成：have/has+动词的过去分词+其他 - 用法 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just, before等连用 I have already read this book. 我已经看过这本书了。 2.表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能会继续持续下去。常与“for+一段时间”“since+过去时间点”等时间状语连用 I have lived here since 20 years ago. 自从20年前我就住在这儿。 She has learned English for 5 years. 她学英语5年了。 语法专练 Ⅰ用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Mary ________ ( draw) a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening. 2. On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ (lay) them on the plate. 3. As people pay more and more attention to cultural treasures, the industry of ancient book repairing ________ (develop) fast in China now. 4. Many international students ________ ( come) to visit our school since last year. 5. Suzy ________ ( tidy) her bedroom at this time yesterday, so she didn’t go shopping. 6. Now the students in primary and junior high schools ________ ( have) a 15‑minute break between classes. 7. —China is taking action to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. —Yes. The government ________ (start) a three‑year “ Weight Management Year ” program already. 8. My mother with her students ________ ( volunteer) at the old people’s home next week. 9. Believe in yourself! If you work hard every day, your dream ________ ( come) true in the future. 10. Yesterday I ________ ( translate) this difficult passage into Chinese with the help of my deskmate. 11. —How about climbing Donghua Mountain this weekend? —Sounds great. Then a pair of comfortable sports shoes ________ (be) necessary. 12. In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ________ ( appear) in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China. 13. —Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ ( read) a book in my study. 14. Most people agree that smart technology ________ ( become) a big part of society so far. 15. He ________ (be) much healthier if he ________ ( take) enough exercise in his free time. Ⅱ语篇练语法 Goodbye, my dear junior high school!Time 1 (fly) so fast since I came here. I still remember the first day. We 2 ( be ) all full of energy and thirsty for knowledge. At this time last year, we 3 ( prepare) for our exams carefully. I always 4 ( value) the warm moments we spend together. Now we 5 ( stand) at the graduation ceremony. We 6 ( make) many good friends in the past four years. Look! Some students 7 ( take ) photos with their teachers happily. We 8 ( say) goodbye to our school soon. I 9 ( write) down my best wishes already. I 10 ( cherish ) these sweet memories in my heart forever. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 答案 Ⅰ 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. was drawing  2. laid 3. is developing 4. have come 5. was tidying  6. have 7. has started  8. is going to volunteer /will volunteer 9. will come   10. translated 11. is    12. appeared 13. was reading 14. has become 15. will be; takes Ⅱ 语篇练语法 1. has flown 2. were 3. were preparing 4. value 5. are standing 6. have made 7. are taking 8. will say 9. have written 10. will cherish 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $