Units 7-8语法专项(动词不定式;状语从句和宾语从句)2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）九年级上学期英语

该初中英语讲义系统构建了鲁教版九上Units 7-8的语法知识体系，通过分类列表梳理动词不定式的构成、句法功能及特殊用法，用框架图呈现状语从句的7大类型和宾语从句的语序、连接词、时态规则，清晰标注重难点如“省略to的不定式”“主将从现”等，体现知识内在逻辑联系。 讲义亮点在于“语境化分层练习”设计，如语篇填空通过“探访养老院”情境综合运用动词不定式，单项选择聚焦宾语从句语序易错点，培养语言运用和逻辑思维能力。配备详细参考答案和易错点解析，基础学生可夯实基础，优秀学生能深化理解，助力教师实施精准复习教学，提升学生自主学习效率。

鲁教版九上语法：（Units 7-8） 语法精讲 Unit 7 动词不定式 构成 1.基本形式：①to+动词原形 ②省略to的不定式 2.否定形式：not to do sth. 句法功能 1. 作主语 动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式(常用it作形式主语)。 例：To eat in class is impolite.=It's impolite to eat in class. 2. 作宾语 ①用于agree,afford,decide,expect,manage,refuse等词之后 ②在find,make,think等词后，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语，即动词不定式放在句末。 例：I find it easy to learn swimming. 3. 作宾语补足语 ①后接带to的不定式。 例：My mother allows me to watch TV at weekends. ②在一些感官动词和使役动词之后省略不定式符号to。 例：I often see him run for exercise. 4. 作状语 ①表目的。例：To keep healthy,we should eat more vegetables. ②表结果。例：She was too excited to say anything. 动词不定式的特殊用法 ①too+adj./adv.+to do sth. 太……而不能做某事 ②adj./adv.+enough to do sth. 足够……做某事 ③It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 是该（某人）做某事的时候了 ④It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了 ⑤can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 ⑥prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 Ⅰ常接不定式作宾语的动词(短语) agree 同意 fail 失败；未能(做到) plan 计划 learn 学习 expect 期望 decide 决定 promise 承诺 offer 主动提出 choose 选择 hope/wish 希望 refuse 拒绝 afford 负担得起 manage 设法完成 want/would like 想要 Ⅱ常接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语) ask 要求 tell 告诉 wish 希望 warn 警告 teach 教 order 命令 allow 允许 invite 邀请 advise 建议 expect 期望 encourage 鼓励 want/would like 想要 cause 导致 remind 提醒 enable 使能够 语法专练 Ⅰ用括号内所给单词的适当形式或合适的词填空 1. He decided ______ ( go ) to the countryside to visit his grandmother. 2. We can't afford ______ (waste) time on video games as the final exam is coming. 3. Nowadays more and more farmers learn ______ (sell) their fruits on the Internet. 4. —Can you tell me why Tao Yuanming's works are popular? —His works allow us ______ (have) a close understanding of nature. 5. Poor weather conditions caused many flights ______(cancel). 6. My mum reminded me ______ ( take) an umbrella when I left home this morning. 7. Some students fail ______ (understand) the meaning of this ancient poem. 8. The doctors and nurses managed ______ ( save) the lives of patients, though they didn't have enough medicine. 9. —Look at the sign “No swimming” over there. It warns us ______ ( not swim) in the river. —OK, I won't. 10. The school encourages students ______ ( show) their creativity by designing posters for the sports meeting. 11. My American friend Tony found ______ very convenient ______ ( order ) food online. 12. —Driving less and walking more is good for our health. —So I prefer ______ ( take) an hour's walk to work rather than ______ ( drive) a car. 13. The shoes are a little expensive and aren't comfortable, so Mom advises me ______ ( not buy) them. 14. Our teachers expect us ______ (take) an active part in all kinds of after‑school activities. 15. Reading brings me a lot of fun and enables me ______ (explore) the world deeply. 16.  We should build on past achievements and work together ______ ( make) a better world. 17.  Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ______ ( laugh). 18.  ______ ( make ) communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smart watches. 19. The Internet makes ______ possible for people ______ ( buy) different kinds of things without going out of their homes. 20. The little girl was too frightened ______ ( say) a word. 21. If you promise ______ ( complete) this task, make sure not to break your word. 22. It's their turn ______ ( volunteer) at the event. 23. We saw many children ______ ( play) happily on the playground yesterday. Ⅱ语篇练语法 Last Sunday, our class planned 1 ( visit) the old people's home. We wanted 2 (do) something warm for the elderly. We prepared many gifts 3 ( show) our love. Our teacher told us 4 ( be) polite and friendly. He also asked us 5 ( help) the old people clean their rooms. We expected 6 (make) them feel happy. Some students decided 7 ( sing) songs and dance for them. We tried our best 8 ( cheer) them up. We hope 9 (come) again next month. All of us think this activity can teach us 10 ( care) for others. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 动词不定式参考答案 词形填空 1.to go 2.to waste 3.to sell 4.to have 5.to be cancelled/to be canceled 6.to take 7.to understand 8.to save 9.not to swim 10.to show 11.it; to order 12.to take; drive 13.not to buy 14.to take 15.to explore 16.to make 17.laugh 18.To make 19.it; to buy 20.to say 21.to complete 22.to volunteer 23.play 语篇填空 1.to visit 2.to do 3.to show 4.to be 5.to help 6.to make 7.to sing 8.to cheer 9.to come 10.to care     Unit 8 状语从句及宾语从句 状语从句: 分类 1. 时间状语从句 引导词：when,until/till,while,as,after,before,as soon as,by the time 例句：I was doing homework when my mother returned from work. 2. 条件状语从句 引导词：if,unless,as long as 例句：We won't give it up unless we run out of time. 3. 原因状语从句 引导词：because,since,as 例句：He can't pass the exam because he often copies others' homework. 4. 目的状语从句 引导词：so that,in order that 例句：I shouted at the top of my voice so that I could make myself heard. 5. 让步状语从句 引导词：though/although(不能与but同时使用),even if,even though,whatever,however 例句：Mr. Li is very nice though he's very strict with us. 6. 结果状语从句 引导词：so…that…,such… that… 例句：He is so busy that he couldn't spare time to have a trip. 7. 方式状语从句 引导词：as,as if,as though 例句：I don't feel well today.I feel as if I'm going to catch a cold. 时态 1. 主将从现：在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时表将来的动作。 例：Your dream will come true if you work hard. 2. 主祈/情从现：当主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词，从句用一般现在时表将来。 例：Don't get off the bus until the bus stops. 3. 特殊情况：since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 例：The couple have lived in this house since they got married. 宾语从句 1. 语序：陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他。 例：I wonder why she is unhappy. 2. 连接词 ①从属连词：that,if,whether ②连接代词：what,who,whose,whom,which ③连接副词：when,where,why,how,how短语 3. 时态 ①主句是一般现在时，从句的时态视客观需要而定。 例：I hear he dropped out of school last term. ②主句是过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态。 例：He said he was willing to accept the challenge. ③从句表示客观事实，真理或自然现象时用一般现在时。 例：He told me why the sun rises in the east. 4. 只用whether，不用if的情况 ①直接与or not连用时。 例：She can't decide whether or not to buy the book.她拿不定主意要不要买这本书。 ②当从句作介词的宾语时。 例：True friends care about whether you are happy.真正的朋友在乎你是否开心。 ③与不定式连用时。 例：She hasn't decided whether to accept or refuse.她还没决定是接受还是拒绝。 ④当宾语从句移至句首表示强调时。 例：Whether you have been to France, I can't remember.你是否去过法国，我不记得了。 语法专练 Ⅰ单项选择 1.  —Could you tell me ______? —Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. A. what are you reading B. why do you like reading C. what you are reading D. why you like reading 2. —Could you tell me ______ after junior high school? —Miss Liu. She was always patient with me in English class. A. who you will miss the most B. how do you like your English teacher C. who do you like best D. what your favorite teacher is like 3.  —My grandparents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ______. A. how much money have you got B. what you bought with the money C. if you will give it to your parents D. that you will deal with the money 4. —I'm thinking about ______. Could you give me some advice? —Xi'an is a good choice. It was named one of the most popular tourist cities in 2025. A. how I should go to Xi'an B. why Xi'an is so popular C. when I can go for a holiday D. where I can go for a holiday 5.  —Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Society. Can you guess ______? —It's said that she built a house out of rubbish. A. what did she do B. what she did C. what does she do D. what she does Ⅱ选词(组)填空 till if while though before since because unless so that as soon as 1.  —Labor education is important for students' development. —Sure. ______ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent. 2.  Nowadays more and more people take exercise every day ______ they can have healthier bodies. 3. ______ the ancient building is more than 500 years old, it still looks beautiful and strong. 4. ______ you have the ability to manage the company, you'd better not apply for the challenging job. 5. —Mike, what were your parents doing at 8:00 last night? —My mother was reading ______ my father was working on the computer. 6. ______ our topic is about protecting the ocean, I plan to start our report with Blue Planet. 7. —Lily took care of me when I broke my leg. She is a true friend. —I agree. As the saying goes, “A friend is never known ______ a man has need.” 8. We'd better take action to solve the problem ______ it gets worse. 9. —Jack, have you done the survey? —Not yet. I am in New York now. I'll start it ______ I come back. 10. —My grandfather still reads books every day ______ he thinks learning is a journey that never ends. —He sets a good example for us. Ⅲ 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Thanks a million, Julie! If it ______ (work), you will be my angel! 2. —I wonder if Li Hua ______ (come) to the party tomorrow. —I think he will come if he ______ (be) free. 3. —We have been friends since we ______ (live) in the same neighborhood. —How time flies! 4. We should try our best to protect the ______ (environment) balance of nature. 5. Too much stress may lead to the ______ (lose) of interest in study and hobbies. 状语从句&宾语从句 参考答案 单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 选词填空 1.If 2.so that 3.Though 4.Unless 5.while 6.Since 7.till 8.before 9.as soon as 10.because 词形填空 1.works 2.will come; is 3.lived 4.environmental 5.loss 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $