Units 3-4语法专项（定语从句、主谓一致） 2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）九年级上学期英语

鲁教版九上语法：（Units 3-4） （定语从句、主谓一致） 语法精讲 Unit 3 定语从句 定义 复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句，并在从句中充当成分的词叫作关系词。其中，在定语从句中作主语、宾语等成分，指代人或物的关系词叫作关系代词。 关系代词 1. that：既指人也指物，在从句中既可作主语，也可作宾语。 2. which：只能指物，在从句中既可作主语，也可作宾语。 3. who：只能指人，在从句中通常作主语，也可作宾语。 4. whom：只能指人，在从句中只能作宾语。 注意： ①先行词是指人的不定代词（anyone,everyone,nobody等）时，关系代词通常用who，不用that。 ②先行词指人，且为those时，关系代词通常用who，不用that。 主谓一致 关系代词作主语时，从句谓语应与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 She loves music which is quiet and beautiful. 她喜欢安静优美的音乐。 ✅技巧点拨：定语从句关系代词的判断 1. 一看先行词是指人还是指物：指人用 who/whom/that，指物用 that/which。 例：The skirt that/which I bought yesterday is very fashionable. 我昨天买的裙子很时尚。 2. 二看在从句中作何成分：作主语用 who/that/which；作宾语用 whom/who/that/which。 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。 例：The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming. 你想见的老师就要来了。 语法专练 Ⅰ、 用 that/which/who/whom 填空 1. Mr. Smith has just given us a speech ______ was about developing reading skills. 2. The story ______ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. 3.  It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ______ have spent the past three years with us. 4. —What kind of music do you like? —I like music ______ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy. 5. I’ll never forget those ______ can reach for my hand and touch my heart whenever I meet difficulties. Ⅱ 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. We all admire the ______ (hero) who work hard to protect the people from danger. 2. The young man who ______ (run) after a thief now must be a policeman. 3. I have read the books that ______ (write) by Charles Dickens. Ⅲ 语篇练语法（用合适的关系代词填空） My school is a warm place 1 is full of love and happiness. There are many kind teachers in our school. Miss Li is a teacher 2 teaches us English. She is a person 3 we all like very much. Every day, she brings us interesting stories 4 are about different cultures. Sometimes, she also introduces great writers 5 we should learn from. With her help, we not only improve our English, but also learn to be kind and hard‑working. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 参考答案 Ⅰ 1. which/that 2. that/which 3. who/that 4. that/which 5. who Ⅱ 1. heroes 2. is running 3. were written Ⅲ 1. which/that 2. who/that 3. who/whom/that 4. which/that 5. who/whom/that   Unit 4 主谓一致 A语法一致：主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致。 谓语动词用单数形式: ①主语为可数名词单数或代词单数、不可数名词; ②不定代词something，anything，nothing，everyone，anybody，nobody等作主语; ③动词不定式或v.‑ing形式作主语; ④each/every/either+名词作主语; 谓语动词用复数形式 ①主语为可数名词复数或代词复数 ②用and/both…and…连接并列主语 主语后面有 with，together with，including，besides，except，as well as等时，谓语动词的单复数形式应与主语的单复数形式一致。 B意义一致 谓语动词的单复数要视主语所表达的单复数概念而定 1. 表示时间、距离、价格、度量等的名词复数或词组作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数。 2. 集体名词，如family、team、group、class等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调其中每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。 C就近一致 谓语动词的数取决于最靠近它的主语的数 1. 用neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数形式与邻近的主语相一致。 2. 在there be句型中，be动词的单复数要与其邻近的主语保持一致。 语法专练 Ⅰ 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Neither Jim nor his teacher and I ______ (be) satisfied with Jim’s result of the exam. 2. Mrs Black as well as her students ______ (have) been to Germany for sightseeing twice. 3. Tom and I both ______ (like) English because it’s very interesting. 4. In China a number of birthday persons ______ (eat) cakes with candles. The number of candles ______ (be) the person’s age. 5. Doing sports ______ (give) us energy and makes us ______ (feel) strong. 6. Nobody ______ (be) in the classroom. All the students are having a meeting in the hall. 7. Not only my parents but also I ______ (be) a big fan of Beijing Opera. 8. The province is the largest pepper（辣椒）producing area in China. Most of China’s pepper ______ (grow) there. 9. It was seven o’clock in the morning, and my family ______ (have) breakfast in the living room. 10. Annie with her classmates ______ (be) waiting in line at the school canteen. Each of them ______ (want) to have a hamburger for lunch. Ⅱ 语篇练语法 The number of people who 1 (be) fond of online shopping 2 (have) been increasing rapidly in recent years. Among them, 70% of the customers 3 (be) young people. Each of these young shoppers 4 (prefer) to buy clothes and electronics online. Not only the quality but also the prices of the products 5 (matter) a lot to consumers. A pair of shoes that 6 (look) fashionable and comfortable often 7 (attract) many buyers. However, the news about fake goods 8 (make) some people hesitant(犹豫) to shop online. The group of researchers who 9 (study) consumer behavior 10 (find) that consumers’ trust in online platforms is crucial（至关重要的）for the development of e‑commerce(电子商务). 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 参考答案 Ⅰ 1. are 2. has 3. like 4. eat；is 5. gives；feel 6. is 7. am 8. is grown 9. were having 10. is；wants Ⅱ 1. are 2. has 3. are 4. prefers 5. matter 6. looks 7. attracts 8. makes 9. study/are studying 10. finds 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $