Unit 1 Friendship 单元话题阅读理解10篇-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元练习（译林版）

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦“友谊”主题，通过基础与重难语篇分层设计，涵盖人物介绍、性格差异、友谊建议等真实情境，适配初中英语单元复习，有效提升语言理解与思维分析能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|约30题|细节理解（如朋友爱好）、推理判断（如谚语含义）、主旨大意（如语篇目的）|情境贴近学生生活（如同学变化、朋友性格），问题梯度分明，基础题聚焦信息提取，重难题涉及词义猜测（如“intellect”）和结构分析，培养语言能力与思维品质|

Unit 1 Friendship 单元话题阅读理解练习 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 友谊 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Everyone needs friends. But how do we find real friendship and keep it? Here is some advice from students. Tom: Be a good listener. When your friend is talking, pay attention to what he or she says. Don’t interrupt (打断) or change the subject. Show that you care by nodding or asking questions. Listening is a way to show respect. Lisa: Always be honest. If you make a mistake, say sorry. If you don’t agree with your friend, tell your true feelings politely. Honesty builds trust, and trust is the foundation of friendship. Mike: Spend quality time together. You don’t need to do big things. Simple activities like going for a walk, watching a movie, or just chatting can strengthen (加强) your friendship. Jenny: Be supportive. When your friend is in trouble, be there for him or her. Offer help and encouragement. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What should we do when our friend is talking according to Tom? A．We should change the subject. B．We should listen carefully and show we care. C．We should interrupt and ask questions. D．We should keep silent and say nothing. 2．According to Lisa, what builds trust in a friendship? A．Spending time together. B．Giving gifts. C．Honesty. D．Being humorous. 3．What does Mike suggest doing with friends? A．Doing big and expensive things. B．Spending quality time on simple activities. C．Going to parties every day. D．Buying gifts for each other. 4．What does the saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed” mean? A．A friend should always give you money. B．A true friend helps you when you are in trouble. C．Friends should only meet when they need help. D．It’s easy to find a friend when you are rich. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us how to make friends online. B．To show the importance of being humorous. C．To give advice on finding and keeping real friendship. D．To describe the writer’s best friend. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何获得并维系真正的友谊，给出了多条关于交友的建议。 1．根据Tom所说的“pay attention to what he or she says... Show that you care”可知，当朋友说话时，我们应该认真倾听并表达关心。 2．根据Lisa所说的“Honesty builds trust”可知，诚实是建立信任的基础。 3．根据Mike所说的“Spend quality time together... Simple activities... can strengthen your friendship”可知，建议花时间在简单的活动上共度优质时光。 4．根据Jenny所说的“When your friend is in trouble, be there for him or her”可知，这句谚语意为“患难见真情”，即真正的朋友会在你困难时帮助你。 5．根据文章第一段“But how do we find real friendship and keep it? Here is some advice from students.”可知，文章主要目的是提供关于寻找和保持友谊的建议。 Jack is 17 years old. He has many friends. They look different and they have different personalities, but they are all friendly and helpful. He’d like to introduce some of them to us. Names Ages Looks and hobbies Ann (volleyball player) 17 She is very tall—1.87 metres! She has a baby face. Her fans say she’s very beautiful. She likes listening to pop songs and drawing. Jim (skiing player) 18 He is always smiling, so people say that he is a “sunshine boy”. He is a “dark horse”. He won the first gold medal for his city this year. He likes reading and playing computer games. Lily (singer) 16 People call her “Angel”. She’s a cool girl with black glasses and short hair. She likes wearing boys’ clothes, so she looks like a boy. She likes singing. She is good at playing basketball. 1．What does Ann like doing? A．Playing basketball. B．Reading. C．Playing computer games. D．Listening to pop songs. 2．Why do people say Jim is a “sunshine boy”? A．Because he likes reading. B．Because he likes playing computer games. C．Because he is always smiling. D．Because he is a skier. 3．Which of the following is NOT true about Lily? A．She likes wearing a dress. B．She wears black glasses. C．She plays basketball well. D．She has short hair. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Jack的三位朋友。 1．表格中Ann一栏“She likes listening to pop songs and drawing.”提到，Ann喜欢听流行歌曲。 2．表格中Jim一栏“He is always smiling, so people say that he is a ‘sunshine boy’. ”提到，Jim总是面带微笑，所以人们说他是一个“阳光男孩”。 3．表格中Lily一栏“She’s a cool girl with black glasses and short hair. She likes wearing boys’ clothes, so she looks like a boy. She likes singing. She is good at playing basketball.”提到，Lily喜欢穿男孩子的衣服，并没有说她喜欢穿连衣裙，所以A选项表述错误。 Hello, I’m Amy. I’m a 14-year-old girl. I have many friends at school because I’m an outgoing girl and ready to help others. Now a new term starts. After a long summer vacation, some of my friends and teachers look different. Tony is the boy sitting in front of me. He wears a new pair of glasses. His short brown hair is long now. He is still short and thin. I think he really needs to do some exercise. Sam has changed a lot. He was of medium build (身材) last term but he is so fat now. Look at his round face and small eyes! How much ice cream and how many hamburgers did he eat last vacation? My good friend Susan is taller and thinner than before. She must play sport every day in the summer vacation. She cut her long hair last vacation and she looks so cool now. Miss White is different too. We can’t see her straight brown hair. She has curly blonde hair now. I think she looks more beautiful. I love Miss White’s English class and her warm smile. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What can we learn about Tony? A．He has short brown hair now. B．He is taller and thinner than before. C．He sits behind Amy. D．He needs to do some exercise. 2．________ get better than before. A．Tony and Sam B．Sam and Susan C．Susan and Miss White D．Sam and Miss White 3．What can we know from the text? A．Amy is a shy but very helpful girl at school. B．Sam didn’t eat any hamburgers last vacation. C．Susan has short curly brown hair now. D．Miss White is Amy’s English teacher. 4．The text mainly tells us about some people’s ________. A．new looks B．summer vacations C．eating habits D．favourite sports 5．Where is the text most probably from? A．The school newspaper. B．A sports magazine. C．A science magazine. D．A storybook. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。新学期开始了，14岁的女孩Amy介绍了经过一个漫长暑假后，她的几位同学（Tony、Sam、Susan）和英语老师（Miss White）在外貌上发生的不同变化。 1．根据表格中关于Tony的描述“I think he really needs to do some exercise.”可知，选项D表述正确。选项A错在文中说他的头发现在变长了；选项B错在文中说他仍然又矮又瘦；选项C错在文中明确提到他坐在Amy前面。 2．根据关于Susan的描述“she looks so cool now”以及关于Miss White的描述“I think she looks more beautiful.”可以推断出，Susan和Miss White的外貌变化都是积极向好的。而Tony仍然又矮又瘦需要锻炼，Sam变得太胖了，均不属于“get better”。 3．根据最后一段“I love Miss White’s English class and her warm smile.”可以推知，怀特老师是Amy的英语老师，选项D正确。选项A错在第一段交代Amy是一个外向的女孩而不是害羞的；选项B错在文中提到Sam变胖，暗示他吃了很多汉堡；选项C错在文中只提到Susan剪掉了长发，并未说明她是短卷发。 4．文章第一段最后一句“After a long summer vacation, some of my friends and teachers look different.”是全文的总起句。接下来全文分别详细描述了Tony、Sam、Susan和Miss White在新学期外貌上的新变化。 5．本文以第一人称口吻，讲述了新学期开学后学校里同学和老师外貌上的变化，内容非常贴近校园日常生活，且语言生动活泼，最有可能发表在学校的校报上。体育杂志、科学杂志或故事书均不符合其内容特征。 Do you know E-person and I-person? These two kinds of personalities are much discussed online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends, etc. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. Andy, an Extrovert I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice on my problems. Anna, an Introvert I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on a sofa by myself with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me, and she understands me better than anyone else. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. Well, there we have it from the horse’s mouth. From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1．What may Sue be like, according to Anna’s description? A．quiet and thoughtful. B．humorous and lively. C．serious and hard-working. D．shy and understanding. 2．What does the underlined phrase “the horse’s mouth” refer to? A．a known place. B．a famous person. C．someone who experienced it. D．someone who promised it. 3．What does the writer want to tell us through Andy and Anna’s stories? A．Friends should have similar personalities. B．Different friends can enrich our lives. C．Introverts don’t need many friends. D．Extroverts are more popular. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文通过一对性格迥异的双胞胎——外向者安迪和内向者安娜——的叙述，探讨了不同性格的人如何与朋友相处，并指出性格不同的人也能成为朋友，且彼此需要。 1．根据第三段安娜描述苏“Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days”，说明苏充满活力且幽默，因此苏的性格应是“幽默且活泼的”。 2．短语“from the horse’s mouth”为固定习语，意为“来自亲身经历者/可靠消息源”，文中安迪和安娜的叙述都是亲身经历，故指“亲身经历的人”。 3．最后一段总结“introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities”，并呼吁“start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship”，说明作者想告诉我们不同的朋友能让生活更丰富。 In a high school, four students are talking and laughing happily. They are good friends with completely different characters. Emily is the group’s “parent”. She’s the most responsible. When they hang out with Emily, they don’t need to worry about anything. She always has plans and makes sure things go well. And if someone wants to find a person to talk to, Emily is always there to listen to them. If someone needs advice, Emily is the first person they go to. Alex, however, is a quiet but talented boy. He doesn’t talk much and he usually spends most of his free time reading in the school library, so he does well in exams. When his friends have some difficult problems in study, Alex is often ready to help them out. Students are all surprised at his intellect and great problem-solving skills. Liam is a born leader. He is cheerful and outgoing. He joins all kinds of clubs at school. He often organizes school trips, cycling races and other interesting games. All the students would like to play with him. Sophia is friendly and kind-hearted. She does different volunteer work after school. On Monday and Friday, Sophia goes to the children’s hospital. On Wednesday, she visits dogs and cats in an animal shelter (收容所). At the weekend, she helps clean up the neighborhood and look after the old people. 1．What does the underlined word “intellect” probably mean? A．Minds. B．Looks. C．Dreams. D．Discussions. 2．If Jack is interested in outdoor activities, who would he turn to? A．Emily. B．Alex. C．Liam. D．Sophia. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．The story of four good friends. B．The importance of being kind. C．The four students’ nice life in a high school. D．The introduction to four students with different characters. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了四位性格迥异的高中生好友各自的性格特质、日常行事特点。 1．根据第三段“He doesn’t talk much and he usually spends most of his free time reading in the school library, so he does well in exams…Alex is often ready to help them out.”可知，Alex经常在图书馆阅读，考试考得很好，经常帮助同学们解决学习上的难题，说明他是聪明的，intellect意为“智力”，与选项“Minds”(头脑/智慧)含义最接近。 2．根据原文第四段“He often organizes school trips, cycling races and other interesting games.”可知，Liam经常组织学校旅行和自行车比赛等活动，这些属于户外活动，因此对户外活动感兴趣的Jack应该找Liam。 3．开篇总起句“They are good friends with completely different characters.”，后文分四段依次介绍四名学生各自独特的性格、日常行为特点。D选项符合题意。 ① Do you know E-person and I-person? These two kinds of personalities are much discussed online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends and so on. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. ② Andy, an Extrovert I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice about my problems. ③ Anna, an Introvert I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa by myself with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me, and she understands me better than I do. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. ④ Well, there we have it from the horse’s mouth. From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1．What does Andy do with Ken on Saturdays? A．Goes surfing. B．Rides bikes. C．Plays video games. D．Takes a long walk. 2．Why does the writer say “we have it from the horse’s mouth” in Paragraph 4? A．Because Andy and Anna promised to tell the truth. B．Because the writer read the information in a book. C．Because Andy and Anna are talking about a horse. D．Because the information comes from the people who experienced it. 3．Which is the right structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Friends in need are friends indeed. B．Friends bring out the best in each other. C．Friends are not necessary to be the same. D．Friends reach for your hands and touch your hearts. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，以一对双胞胎Andy和Anna为例介绍两种性格，并说明不同性格的人也可以成为朋友。 1．根据第二段“Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf”可知，安迪周六和肯去冲浪。 2．根据第四段“From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities.”可知，“from the horse’s mouth”意思是“从有过亲身经历的人那里听说”。 3．通读全文可知，文章开头（第一段）介绍了两种性格，并引出下文；接着分别介绍了Andy（第二段）和Anna（第三段）的不同的性格、交友情况等信息；最后得出结论（第四段），即内向者和外向者可以成为朋友，也需要有不同性格的朋友。因此，文章的结构是“总—分—总”。 4．根据文章列举的双胞胎Andy和Anna交友和性格爱好的例子，以及第四段“From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities.”可知，朋友不必是一样的。 Tom came to his teacher and asked him, “Sir, I have a question, how many friends should a person have—one or many?” “It is very simple,” the teacher answered, “Get that red apple from the highest branch of the tree.” Tom looked up and said, “It’s too high! I can’t reach it.” “Ask a friend. Maybe he can help,” the teacher said. Tom called another student. Even standing on his shoulders, he couldn’t reach the apple. “Don’t you have more friends?” the teacher smiled. Tom then asked several friends to come. One friend suggested（建议）shaking the tree, but the apple didn’t fall. Another tried using a long stick, but it was still too short. Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder（梯子）. Tom climbed up and finally picked the apple. After getting the apple, the teacher asked, “So, do you understand how many friends a person needs?” “Yes, I do,” Tom said. “Many, so together we can work out any problem.” “Exactly,” the teacher said. “You need as many friends as you can. One smart person among them can think of a good idea, like getting a ladder.” 1．What did the teacher ask Tom to do at first? A．To pick the red apple. B．To do his homework. C．To find the answer in books. D．To work with Tom’s friends. 2．Which of the following is the right order of the event? ①Tom looked up under the tree.                        ②Tom climbed the ladder. ③Tom and his friends shook the tree.                    ④Tom stood on his friend’s shoulders. A．①②③④ B．④①③② C．②③①④ D．①④③② 3．How did the teacher answer Tom’s question? A．By telling the answer. B．By drawing an apple tree. C．By asking him to learn by doing. D．By telling him a story about apples. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是记叙文，主要讲述了汤姆向老师请教一个人该有多少朋友的问题，老师通过让汤姆摘取高处苹果的实践过程，引导汤姆亲身领悟到要多结交朋友、依靠集体智慧解决难题的道理。 1．根据文章第二段老师说的话“Get that red apple from the highest branch of the tree.”（去把那棵树上最高树枝上的红苹果给我拿来）可知，老师最初让Tom去做的事情是摘红苹果。 2．根据文章情节发展顺序：首先Tom抬头看苹果（①Tom looked up under the tree）；接着老师建议找朋友，Tom站在朋友肩膀上（④Tom stood on his friend’s shoulders）；然后更多朋友来了，有人建议摇树（③Tom and his friends shook the tree）；最后朋友拿来梯子，Tom爬梯子摘到苹果（②Tom climbed the ladder）。正确顺序为①④③②。 3．通读全文可知，老师没有直接告诉Tom答案（排除A），也没有画苹果树（排除B）或单纯讲故事（排除D），而是通过让Tom亲自实践摘苹果的过程，引导他在行动中自己领悟道理。这属于“在做中学”（learn by doing）。 I’m Mark. Andrew is my best friend. He not only has become a part of my life but is always there for me with his kind heart. We first met on the first day of junior high school. I walked into the classroom feeling worried because I didn’t know anyone. While I was thinking about how hard my life would be without any friends in the class, I saw a boy with a funny square face walking toward me. He chose the seat in front of me and turned to talk to me many times. At that time, I didn’t feel lonely anymore. As we talked more, I found that we had the same interests. For example, we both like basketball and math. What’s more, we have the same personality, so gradually (逐渐地) we became good friends. I still remember the day I started seeing him as my best friend. That day I didn’t finish my math homework which was too hard for me, so I had to clean the classroom during the lunch break. I was feeling terrible, but he came to stay with me, helping me clean the classroom and teaching me how to work out the math problem. He didn’t have to do that but he said, “Mark, real friends support (支持) each other!” His words moved me a lot. “Yes. ________” I said to myself. He is really a true friend and I hope that we will be the best friends forever. 1．How did Mark feel when he went into the classroom on the first day? A．Excited. B．Tired. C．Worried. D．Happy. 2．Why did Mark have to clean the classroom during the lunch break? A．Because he was late for school. B．Because he broke the window. C．Because he didn’t finish his homework. D．Because he didn’t listen to the teacher carefully. 3．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Staying with and helping Mark. B．Playing basketball with Mark. C．Helping finish Mark’s homework. D．Telling Mark the meaning of real friends. 4．Which of the following can be put in the “________” of the passage? A．A good friend is like a mirror. B．A friend is easier lost than found. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed D．A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．My School Life. B．How to Make Friends. C．A Terrible Day at School. D．My Best Friend Andrew. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者Mark和最好的朋友Andrew相识、相知的过程，记叙了Andrew在Mark遇到困难时陪伴、帮助他的暖心往事，表达了Mark对这份真挚友谊的珍惜。 1．第二段描述开学第一天Mark进教室的心情：“I walked into the classroom feeling worried because I didn’t know anyone”，由此可知Mark走进教室时内心感到担忧。 2．第四段交代Mark午休打扫教室的缘由：“That day I didn’t finish my math homework which was too hard for me, so I had to clean the classroom during the lunch break”，说明他需要打扫教室是因为没有完成数学作业。 3．第四段前文写到“he came to stay with me, helping me clean the classroom and teaching me how to work out the math problem”，that指代Andrew留下来陪伴Mark、帮助Mark做事这件事。 4．第四段空缺处匹配谚语：文中Andrew在Mark陷入困境时主动陪伴相助，契合谚语A friend in need is a friend indeed“患难见真情”的内涵。 5．文章开篇点明“Andrew is my best friend”，全文围绕Mark与好友Andrew的相识、相处、暖心经历展开。 重难语篇练习 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know your friends better? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends are almost acquaintances (熟人). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friends do something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You may have the same interests and often do something together in your free time, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or dreams, and they don't open up to you about how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family members and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will help you when you’re wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect (完美的), but at least they will always care about you and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value (重视) all friendships and remember: all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How many kinds of friends are there in the writer’s opinion? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about“pest friends” according to the passage? A．You know their family histories well. B．You will miss them when they're not around. C．You won’t point out their mistakes when they do something bad. D．You often share your deepest thoughts with them. 3．If you and John are neighbors and classmates, and do things together, but don’t share your feelings, you are ________. A．best friends B．guest friends C．pest friends D．true friends 4．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．how to make a best friend B．how to learn from your best friends C．what a best friend is D．A best friend can help you when you are wrong 5．What does the writer advise people to do? A．Hurt best friends on purpose B．Value all kinds of friendships C．Only make pest friends D．Treat guest friends as family 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了作者眼中三种不同类型的朋友：“pest friends”令人讨厌的朋友、“guest friends”社交伙伴和“best friends”最好的朋友，并阐述了每种朋友的特点以及作者对友谊的看法。 1．第一段明确指出“There are three different kinds of friends: ‘pest friends’, ‘guest friends’ and ‘best friends’.”有三种不同类型的朋友：“熟人”、“社交伙伴”和“最好的朋友”，直接提取信息可知朋友的种类数量。 2．第二段提到“When this kind of friends does something bad, you don't tell them.”当这类朋友做坏事时，你不会告诉他们，这与You won’t point out their mistakes when they do something bad.当他们做坏事时，你不会指出他们的错误，表述一致。 3．第三段对“guest friends”的描述为“You may have the same interests and often do something together in your free time, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or dreams, and they don’t open up to you about how they really feel.”你们可能有相同的兴趣，经常在空闲时间一起做事，但你们不会谈论任何深刻的事情，比如你的愿望或梦想，他们也不会向你敞开心扉说他们的真实感受，这与题干中“和John一起做事但不分享感受”的情况相符。 4．第四段围绕“best friend”展开，介绍了“best friend”是你了解最深的人、像家人一样、分享最深的感情和想法、会在你犯错时帮助你等特点，因此主要是在说明“what a best friend is”什么是最好的朋友。 5．最后一段明确指出“We should value all friendships”我们应该重视所有的友谊，这与Value all kinds of friendships重视各种友谊，表述一致。 ①What brought you and your friends together? Was it because you had the same hobbies or similar personalities? Besides these reasons, genetics (基因) may also play a role. ②According to a US study with 1,932 people, the kinship coefficient (亲缘系数) among friends is 0.0014 higher than that among strangers. Kinship coefficient is an easy way to see how genetically related (相关的) two people are—the higher the number, the closer the relation. ③Don’t look down on this number. The kinship coefficient between parents and children is about 0.25. For first cousins, it’s about 0.0625, while for fourth cousins, it’s around only 0.001. ④This means you might share more genes with your best friend than with some distant (遥远的) family members. ⑤But why—why are people with a higher kinship coefficient more likely to become friends? The research team found that one percent of similar genes are related to the sense of smell (嗅觉). This means friends may have a similar sense of smell. ⑥A study in Science Advances also showed that people who become close friends usually have similar body smells. Researchers collected sweat samples (汗液样本) from 20 pairs of friends. They all became close in a short time. Using an e-nose and human volunteers to study the smells, they found that friends’ body odors (体味) were more alike than those of strangers. ⑦So, next time you hug your friends, you might notice that they smell a bit like you! 1．How does the writer lead into (导入) the topic of the passage? A．By giving an example of a study. B．By asking a question and giving answers. C．By comparing with family members. D．By telling a story about how friends meet. 2．Why do people use the kinship coefficient in the study? A．It can show how close two people are in genes. B．It can help friends understand each other better. C．It is used to count the number of strangers. D．It is the only useful way to do this research. 3．Why does the author use so many numbers in Paragraph ② and ③? A．To show best friends might share more genes than distant family members. B．To show that the kinship coefficient between best friends is not high. C．To show that friends are as close as parents and children. D．To give examples of the different kinship coefficients. 4．The underlined word “those” in Paragraph 6 refers to (指的是) ________. A．sweat samples B．body odors C．human volunteers D．e-noses 5．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a sports newspaper.B．In a storybook. C．In a science book. D．In a travel guide. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了基因在友谊形成中的作用，指出朋友之间可能存在比远亲更相似的基因关联，并通过嗅觉相似性研究佐证了这一观点。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第①段“What brought you and your friends together? Was it because…genetics may also play a role.”可知，作者通过提问和回答引入主题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“Kinship coefficient is an easy way to see how genetically related two people are—the higher the number, the closer the relation.”可知，亲缘系数用于衡量两人基因上的关联程度。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第②段“the kinship coefficient among friends is 0.0014 higher than that among strangers.”和第③段“The kinship coefficient between parents and children is about 0.25. For first cousins, it’s about 0.0625, while for fourth cousins, it’s around only 0.001.”可知，列举了父母与子女 (0.25)、堂兄弟姐妹 (0.0625)、远亲 (0.001) 以及朋友 (比陌生人高0.0014) 的亲缘系数，通过对比说明朋友可能比远亲基因更相似。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据文章第⑥段“friends’ body odors were more alike than those of strangers”可知，朋友之间的体味比陌生人之间的体味更为相似。因此，“those”指代前文提到的“body odors”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。全文围绕基因与友谊的科学关联展开，引用研究数据和实验，属于科普内容，可能出现在科学类书籍中。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship 单元话题阅读理解练习 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 友谊 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Everyone needs friends. But how do we find real friendship and keep it? Here is some advice from students. Tom: Be a good listener. When your friend is talking, pay attention to what he or she says. Don’t interrupt (打断) or change the subject. Show that you care by nodding or asking questions. Listening is a way to show respect. Lisa: Always be honest. If you make a mistake, say sorry. If you don’t agree with your friend, tell your true feelings politely. Honesty builds trust, and trust is the foundation of friendship. Mike: Spend quality time together. You don’t need to do big things. Simple activities like going for a walk, watching a movie, or just chatting can strengthen (加强) your friendship. Jenny: Be supportive. When your friend is in trouble, be there for him or her. Offer help and encouragement. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What should we do when our friend is talking according to Tom? A．We should change the subject. B．We should listen carefully and show we care. C．We should interrupt and ask questions. D．We should keep silent and say nothing. 2．According to Lisa, what builds trust in a friendship? A．Spending time together. B．Giving gifts. C．Honesty. D．Being humorous. 3．What does Mike suggest doing with friends? A．Doing big and expensive things. B．Spending quality time on simple activities. C．Going to parties every day. D．Buying gifts for each other. 4．What does the saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed” mean? A．A friend should always give you money. B．A true friend helps you when you are in trouble. C．Friends should only meet when they need help. D．It’s easy to find a friend when you are rich. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us how to make friends online. B．To show the importance of being humorous. C．To give advice on finding and keeping real friendship. D．To describe the writer’s best friend. Jack is 17 years old. He has many friends. They look different and they have different personalities, but they are all friendly and helpful. He’d like to introduce some of them to us. Names Ages Looks and hobbies Ann (volleyball player) 17 She is very tall—1.87 metres! She has a baby face. Her fans say she’s very beautiful. She likes listening to pop songs and drawing. Jim (skiing player) 18 He is always smiling, so people say that he is a “sunshine boy”. He is a “dark horse”. He won the first gold medal for his city this year. He likes reading and playing computer games. Lily (singer) 16 People call her “Angel”. She’s a cool girl with black glasses and short hair. She likes wearing boys’ clothes, so she looks like a boy. She likes singing. She is good at playing basketball. 1．What does Ann like doing? A．Playing basketball. B．Reading. C．Playing computer games. D．Listening to pop songs. 2．Why do people say Jim is a “sunshine boy”? A．Because he likes reading. B．Because he likes playing computer games. C．Because he is always smiling. D．Because he is a skier. 3．Which of the following is NOT true about Lily? A．She likes wearing a dress. B．She wears black glasses. C．She plays basketball well. D．She has short hair. Hello, I’m Amy. I’m a 14-year-old girl. I have many friends at school because I’m an outgoing girl and ready to help others. Now a new term starts. After a long summer vacation, some of my friends and teachers look different. Tony is the boy sitting in front of me. He wears a new pair of glasses. His short brown hair is long now. He is still short and thin. I think he really needs to do some exercise. Sam has changed a lot. He was of medium build (身材) last term but he is so fat now. Look at his round face and small eyes! How much ice cream and how many hamburgers did he eat last vacation? My good friend Susan is taller and thinner than before. She must play sport every day in the summer vacation. She cut her long hair last vacation and she looks so cool now. Miss White is different too. We can’t see her straight brown hair. She has curly blonde hair now. I think she looks more beautiful. I love Miss White’s English class and her warm smile. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What can we learn about Tony? A．He has short brown hair now. B．He is taller and thinner than before. C．He sits behind Amy. D．He needs to do some exercise. 2．________ get better than before. A．Tony and Sam B．Sam and Susan C．Susan and Miss White D．Sam and Miss White 3．What can we know from the text? A．Amy is a shy but very helpful girl at school. B．Sam didn’t eat any hamburgers last vacation. C．Susan has short curly brown hair now. D．Miss White is Amy’s English teacher. 4．The text mainly tells us about some people’s ________. A．new looks B．summer vacations C．eating habits D．favourite sports 5．Where is the text most probably from? A．The school newspaper. B．A sports magazine. C．A science magazine. D．A storybook. Do you know E-person and I-person? These two kinds of personalities are much discussed online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends, etc. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. Andy, an Extrovert I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice on my problems. Anna, an Introvert I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on a sofa by myself with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me, and she understands me better than anyone else. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. Well, there we have it from the horse’s mouth. From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1．What may Sue be like, according to Anna’s description? A．quiet and thoughtful. B．humorous and lively. C．serious and hard-working. D．shy and understanding. 2．What does the underlined phrase “the horse’s mouth” refer to? A．a known place. B．a famous person. C．someone who experienced it. D．someone who promised it. 3．What does the writer want to tell us through Andy and Anna’s stories? A．Friends should have similar personalities. B．Different friends can enrich our lives. C．Introverts don’t need many friends. D．Extroverts are more popular. In a high school, four students are talking and laughing happily. They are good friends with completely different characters. Emily is the group’s “parent”. She’s the most responsible. When they hang out with Emily, they don’t need to worry about anything. She always has plans and makes sure things go well. And if someone wants to find a person to talk to, Emily is always there to listen to them. If someone needs advice, Emily is the first person they go to. Alex, however, is a quiet but talented boy. He doesn’t talk much and he usually spends most of his free time reading in the school library, so he does well in exams. When his friends have some difficult problems in study, Alex is often ready to help them out. Students are all surprised at his intellect and great problem-solving skills. Liam is a born leader. He is cheerful and outgoing. He joins all kinds of clubs at school. He often organizes school trips, cycling races and other interesting games. All the students would like to play with him. Sophia is friendly and kind-hearted. She does different volunteer work after school. On Monday and Friday, Sophia goes to the children’s hospital. On Wednesday, she visits dogs and cats in an animal shelter (收容所). At the weekend, she helps clean up the neighborhood and look after the old people. 1．What does the underlined word “intellect” probably mean? A．Minds. B．Looks. C．Dreams. D．Discussions. 2．If Jack is interested in outdoor activities, who would he turn to? A．Emily. B．Alex. C．Liam. D．Sophia. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．The story of four good friends. B．The importance of being kind. C．The four students’ nice life in a high school. D．The introduction to four students with different characters. ① Do you know E-person and I-person? These two kinds of personalities are much discussed online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends and so on. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. ② Andy, an Extrovert I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice about my problems. ③ Anna, an Introvert I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa by myself with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me, and she understands me better than I do. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. ④ Well, there we have it from the horse’s mouth. From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1．What does Andy do with Ken on Saturdays? A．Goes surfing. B．Rides bikes. C．Plays video games. D．Takes a long walk. 2．Why does the writer say “we have it from the horse’s mouth” in Paragraph 4? A．Because Andy and Anna promised to tell the truth. B．Because the writer read the information in a book. C．Because Andy and Anna are talking about a horse. D．Because the information comes from the people who experienced it. 3．Which is the right structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Friends in need are friends indeed. B．Friends bring out the best in each other. C．Friends are not necessary to be the same. D．Friends reach for your hands and touch your hearts. Tom came to his teacher and asked him, “Sir, I have a question, how many friends should a person have—one or many?” “It is very simple,” the teacher answered, “Get that red apple from the highest branch of the tree.” Tom looked up and said, “It’s too high! I can’t reach it.” “Ask a friend. Maybe he can help,” the teacher said. Tom called another student. Even standing on his shoulders, he couldn’t reach the apple. “Don’t you have more friends?” the teacher smiled. Tom then asked several friends to come. One friend suggested（建议）shaking the tree, but the apple didn’t fall. Another tried using a long stick, but it was still too short. Then one of the friends went home, brought a ladder（梯子）. Tom climbed up and finally picked the apple. After getting the apple, the teacher asked, “So, do you understand how many friends a person needs?” “Yes, I do,” Tom said. “Many, so together we can work out any problem.” “Exactly,” the teacher said. “You need as many friends as you can. One smart person among them can think of a good idea, like getting a ladder.” 1．What did the teacher ask Tom to do at first? A．To pick the red apple. B．To do his homework. C．To find the answer in books. D．To work with Tom’s friends. 2．Which of the following is the right order of the event? ①Tom looked up under the tree.                        ②Tom climbed the ladder. ③Tom and his friends shook the tree.                    ④Tom stood on his friend’s shoulders. A．①②③④ B．④①③② C．②③①④ D．①④③② 3．How did the teacher answer Tom’s question? A．By telling the answer. B．By drawing an apple tree. C．By asking him to learn by doing. D．By telling him a story about apples. I’m Mark. Andrew is my best friend. He not only has become a part of my life but is always there for me with his kind heart. We first met on the first day of junior high school. I walked into the classroom feeling worried because I didn’t know anyone. While I was thinking about how hard my life would be without any friends in the class, I saw a boy with a funny square face walking toward me. He chose the seat in front of me and turned to talk to me many times. At that time, I didn’t feel lonely anymore. As we talked more, I found that we had the same interests. For example, we both like basketball and math. What’s more, we have the same personality, so gradually (逐渐地) we became good friends. I still remember the day I started seeing him as my best friend. That day I didn’t finish my math homework which was too hard for me, so I had to clean the classroom during the lunch break. I was feeling terrible, but he came to stay with me, helping me clean the classroom and teaching me how to work out the math problem. He didn’t have to do that but he said, “Mark, real friends support (支持) each other!” His words moved me a lot. “Yes. ________” I said to myself. He is really a true friend and I hope that we will be the best friends forever. 1．How did Mark feel when he went into the classroom on the first day? A．Excited. B．Tired. C．Worried. D．Happy. 2．Why did Mark have to clean the classroom during the lunch break? A．Because he was late for school. B．Because he broke the window. C．Because he didn’t finish his homework. D．Because he didn’t listen to the teacher carefully. 3．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Staying with and helping Mark. B．Playing basketball with Mark. C．Helping finish Mark’s homework. D．Telling Mark the meaning of real friends. 4．Which of the following can be put in the “________” of the passage? A．A good friend is like a mirror. B．A friend is easier lost than found. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed D．A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．My School Life. B．How to Make Friends. C．A Terrible Day at School. D．My Best Friend Andrew. 重难语篇练习 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know your friends better? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends are almost acquaintances (熟人). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friends do something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You may have the same interests and often do something together in your free time, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or dreams, and they don't open up to you about how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family members and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will help you when you’re wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect (完美的), but at least they will always care about you and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value (重视) all friendships and remember: all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How many kinds of friends are there in the writer’s opinion? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about“pest friends” according to the passage? A．You know their family histories well. B．You will miss them when they're not around. C．You won’t point out their mistakes when they do something bad. D．You often share your deepest thoughts with them. 3．If you and John are neighbors and classmates, and do things together, but don’t share your feelings, you are ________. A．best friends B．guest friends C．pest friends D．true friends 4．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．how to make a best friend B．how to learn from your best friends C．what a best friend is D．A best friend can help you when you are wrong 5．What does the writer advise people to do? A．Hurt best friends on purpose B．Value all kinds of friendships C．Only make pest friends D．Treat guest friends as family ①What brought you and your friends together? Was it because you had the same hobbies or similar personalities? Besides these reasons, genetics (基因) may also play a role. ②According to a US study with 1,932 people, the kinship coefficient (亲缘系数) among friends is 0.0014 higher than that among strangers. Kinship coefficient is an easy way to see how genetically related (相关的) two people are—the higher the number, the closer the relation. ③Don’t look down on this number. The kinship coefficient between parents and children is about 0.25. For first cousins, it’s about 0.0625, while for fourth cousins, it’s around only 0.001. ④This means you might share more genes with your best friend than with some distant (遥远的) family members. ⑤But why—why are people with a higher kinship coefficient more likely to become friends? The research team found that one percent of similar genes are related to the sense of smell (嗅觉). This means friends may have a similar sense of smell. ⑥A study in Science Advances also showed that people who become close friends usually have similar body smells. Researchers collected sweat samples (汗液样本) from 20 pairs of friends. They all became close in a short time. Using an e-nose and human volunteers to study the smells, they found that friends’ body odors (体味) were more alike than those of strangers. ⑦So, next time you hug your friends, you might notice that they smell a bit like you! 1．How does the writer lead into (导入) the topic of the passage? A．By giving an example of a study. B．By asking a question and giving answers. C．By comparing with family members. D．By telling a story about how friends meet. 2．Why do people use the kinship coefficient in the study? A．It can show how close two people are in genes. B．It can help friends understand each other better. C．It is used to count the number of strangers. D．It is the only useful way to do this research. 3．Why does the author use so many numbers in Paragraph ② and ③? A．To show best friends might share more genes than distant family members. B．To show that the kinship coefficient between best friends is not high. C．To show that friends are as close as parents and children. D．To give examples of the different kinship coefficients. 4．The underlined word “those” in Paragraph 6 refers to (指的是) ________. A．sweat samples B．body odors C．human volunteers D．e-noses 5．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a sports newspaper.B．In a storybook. C．In a science book. D．In a travel guide. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $