Unit 1 Great people 单元题型练（语法选择+语法填空+阅读+完形+任务型阅读+写作）-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元练习（ 沪教版）

**基本信息** 以“伟大人物”为主题，融合语法选择、短文填空等多元题型，通过冼星海、钱学森等中外名人故事，覆盖语言知识与人文素养，适配初中英语单元复习，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |语法选择|2篇短文（20题）|代词、动词形式、连词等|以人物生平为情境，考查语法在语篇中的应用| |短文填空|3篇|动词不定式、时态、名词单复数等|结合科学家（钱学森、简·古道尔）事迹，考查词汇运用与语法规则| |完形填空|2篇|上下文理解、词汇辨析|通过雷锋、刘若川故事，渗透坚韧、无私等品质，培养思维品质| |阅读理解|5篇|细节理解、推理判断、主旨归纳|选取陈光权、黄旭华等真实人物案例，提升信息获取与跨文化理解能力| |任务型阅读|2篇|信息提取、概括能力|聚焦于敏、科学家好奇心等主题，强化学习能力与家国情怀| |书面表达|2题|人物描述、观点表达|结合“心中英雄”写作，融合个人体验与文化传承，落实语言输出与价值引领|

Unit 1 Great people 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、语法选择 阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1 300 songs and an opera. Xian was born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with 2 mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was so cheap and badly made that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 3 and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 4 , Xian became the school’s best student 5 won several prizes for his talents. In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’ an 6 music at a college. 7 there were no pianos in Yan’ an at that time, Xian still wrote 8 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work. In May 1940, Xian was sent to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 9 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness 10 October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’s hearts. 1．A．near B．nearly C．nearby D．nearer 2．A．he B．him C．his D．he’s 3．A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised 4．A．leave B．leaves C．left D．was leaving 5．A．and B．but C．as D．or 6．A．teach B．taught C．teaching D．to teach 7．A．If B．Although C．When D．Because 8．A．any B．little C．few D．some 9．A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 10．A．at B．in C．on D．by 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了中国著名音乐家冼星海的生平故事，介绍了他的早年经历、求学过程、创作历程以及他为中国革命音乐事业做出的贡献。 1．句意：在他短暂的一生中，他创作了将近300首歌曲和一部歌剧。 此处表示“将近、大约”300首歌，用副词 nearly。near“附近”；nearby“附近的”；nearer“更近的”均不符合语境。 2．句意：因为他的父亲在他出生前就去世了，冼星海和他的母亲四处搬家。 修饰名词mother需用形容词性物主代词，his mother 表示“他的母亲”，选 his。he“他（主格）”；him“他（宾格）”；he’s“他是”均不符合语法要求。 3．句意：冼星海没有停止练习，很快就展现了他的天赋。 固定搭配：stop doing sth. 表示“停止做某事”，此处用动名词形式 practising。practise“练习（原形）”；to practise“练习（不定式）”；practised“练习（过去式）”均不符合搭配。 4．句意：在他离开之前，冼星海成了学校最好的学生，并且还因他的天赋赢得了几个奖项。 此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，leave 的过去式为 left。leave“离开（原形）”；leaves“离开（三单）”；was leaving“离开（过去进行时）”均不符合时态要求。 5．句意：冼星海成了学校最好的学生，而且还因他的天赋赢得了几个奖项。 前后为并列关系，用并列连词and。but“但是”；as“作为”；or“或者” 均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：后来，他来到延安，在一所学院里教音乐。 此处用不定式表目的，即“来延安的目的是教音乐”，选 to teach。teach“教（原形）”；taught“教（过去式）”；teaching“教（现在分词）”均不符合语法要求。 7．句意：虽然当时延安没有钢琴，但冼星海仍然在那里创作了他最重要的一些音乐作品，包括他最著名的作品《黄河大合唱》。 前后为让步关系，表示“虽然；尽管”，用 Although。If“如果”表条件；When“当……时候”表时间；Because“因为”表原因，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：虽然当时延安没有钢琴，但冼星海仍然在那里创作了他最重要的一些音乐作品，包括他最著名的作品《黄河大合唱》。 表示“一些（肯定句中）”，用 some。any“一些（多用于否定；疑问句）”；little“几乎没有（修饰不可数名词，表否定）”；few“几乎没有（修饰可数名词，表否定）”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：在苏联，生活非常艰难。 very 后接形容词原级，根据后文他生病去世，可知生活很“艰难”，用 hard。harder“更艰难的（比较级）”；hardest“最艰难的（最高级）”；the hardest“最艰难的（最高级）”均不符合语法要求。 10．句意：冼星海后来于1945年10月30日死于肺病，年仅40岁。 表示具体的某一天，介词用 on。at 后接具体时刻；in 后接年；月；季节；by 表示“到……为止”，均不符合用法。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Einstein liked to hang out with a group of kids. Because he was so busy playing, he didn’t want 1 hard and didn’t pass his test. One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing tool and went out, he 2 by his father, “Einstein, you were playing too much. I’m worried about your future.” “ 3 are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed the test, but 4 still go fishing.” “My boy, there is 5 story I want to tell you.” “There were two cats playing 6 the top of a house. One cat was careless and fell down the chimney (烟囱) while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot (烟灰) on his face, while the other 7 face was clean. Seeing the soot-faced cat, the clean cat thought its face must be like this, too, so it quickly washed its face. The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat 8 thought its face was also clean. It just walked down the street happily.” “Boy, no one can be your mirror (镜子). You have to think for yourself. If you 9 others, you will never learn anything.” Hearing this, Einstein laid down his fishing tool and returned to his room. He studied hard from then on. This helped him be 10 and become a great scientist. 1．A．study B．studies C．to study D．studying 2．A．stop B．stopped C．is stopped D．was stopped 3．A．Why B．What C．Who D．Where 4．A．them B．they C．themselves D．their 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．behind B．under C．in D．on 7．A．cat’s B．cats’ C．cats D．cat 8．A．but B．so C．or D．and 9．A．follow B．follows C．will follow D．followed 10．A．certain B．certainly C．successful D．successfully 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述爱因斯坦因为忙于玩耍没有通过考试，面对父亲的担忧，他却以他人为例进行反驳，父亲通过一个故事告诉他要自己思考，不能盲目跟随别人，从此爱因斯坦努力学习并最终成为伟大的科学家。 1．句意：因为他忙于玩耍，他不想努力学习，所以没有通过考试。 study学习，动词原形；studies学习，动词第三人称单数形式；to study学习，动词不定式；studying学习，动词现在分词或动名词。根据“want”可知，此处考查want to do sth.“想要做某事”，所以这里应该用动词不定式to study。故选C。 2．句意：一天早上，当爱因斯坦拿着钓鱼工具出去时，他被父亲拦住了。 stop停止，动词原形；stopped停止，动词过去式；is stopped被停止，一般现在时的被动语态；was stopped被停止，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing tool and went out”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；再结合语境可知，爱因斯坦是被父亲拦住了，所以这里应该用一般过去时的被动语态was stopped。故选D。 3．句意：“你在担心什么？” Why为什么；What什么；Who谁；Where在哪里。根据下文“Jack and Robert also failed the test”可知，此处是爱因斯坦问父亲在担心什么，所以应该用特殊疑问词What。故选B。 4．句意：杰克和罗伯特也没通过考试，但他们仍然去钓鱼。 them他们，人称代词宾格；they他们，人称代词主格；themselves他们自己，反身代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，所以应该用人称代词主格they作主语。故选B。 5．句意：“我的孩子，我想给你讲一个故事。” a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表示特指；/不填。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指一个故事，且story是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应该用不定冠词a。故选A。 6．句意：有两只猫在屋顶上玩耍。 behind在……后面；under在……下面；in在……里面；on在……上面。根据“the top of a house”可知，此处表示在屋顶上玩耍，所以应该用介词on。故选D。 7．句意：当两只猫从烟囱里爬出来时，其中一只猫的脸上有烟灰，而另一只猫的脸是干净的。 cat’s猫的，名词所有格；cats’猫们的，名词所有格复数形式；cats猫，名词复数形式；cat猫，名词单数形式。根据“while the other...face was clean”可知，此处表示另一只猫的脸是干净的，所以应该用名词所有格cat’s修饰face。故选A。 8．句意：烟灰脸的猫看到干净脸的猫，以为自己的脸也是干净的。 but但是，表示转折关系；so所以，表示因果关系；or或者，表示选择关系；and和，表示并列关系。根据“The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat...thought its face was also clean.”可知，前后两个分句之间是并列关系，所以应该用连词and连接。故选D。 9．句意：如果你跟随别人，你将永远学不到任何东西。 follow跟随，动词原形；follows跟随，动词第三人称单数形式；will follow跟随，一般将来时；followed跟随，动词过去式。根据“If you...others, you will never learn anything.”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，所以这里应该用动词原形follow。故选A。 10．句意：这帮助他取得了成功，并成为了一位伟大的科学家。 certain确定的，形容词；certainly确定地，副词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。根据“and became a great scientist”可知，此处表示他取得了成功，be动词后应该用形容词successful作表语。故选C。 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On 7th September, 1950, some American officers arrived at Qian Xuesen’s home. They took him to 1 island and kept him there. They did this because Qian Xuesen was planning to return to China. Qian Xuesen had a successful career in the USA, but when he heard about the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he decided to go back 2 wanted to help his country himself. However, the USA refused to let him leave because he was a valuable scientist. Qian Xuesen did not give up. Finally, in 1955, he managed 3 (get) back to China. As soon as he returned, Qian Xuesen started a satellite and missile (导弹) programme. He worked day and night and 4 (he) hard work paid off. Five years later, he and his team 5 (success) tested the first Chinese missiles. In 1970, China sent the first satellite into space. This was the beginning 6 China’s space programme. A science centre in China 7 (build) with the help of Qian Xuesen as well. He trained many people there and they are now great rocket scientists themselves. The science centre has become one of the 8 (good) ones in the world. During his life, Qian Xuesen received a lot of 9 (award). In 1991, he received the award for National Outstanding Contributing Scientist. He 10 (die) in 2009. People always remember him as “the father of China’s missile and space programme”. 【答案】 1．an 2．and 3．to get 4．his 5．successfully 6．of 7．was built 8．best 9．awards 10．died 【导语】本文主要讲述了钱学森先生的归国经历，以及他为中国导弹与航天事业作出的卓越贡献，表达了对这位“中国导弹航天之父”的缅怀与敬意。 1．句意：他们把他带到一座岛上，把他关押在那里。此处泛指“一座岛屿”，island的发音以元音音素开头，要使用不定冠词an修饰。 2．句意：钱学森在美国事业有成，但当他得知中华人民共和国成立的消息后，他决定回国，想要亲自为祖国提供帮助。空格前后“他决定回国”和“想要亲自帮助自己的国家”是并列顺承的关系，需要用并列连词and连接。 3．句意：最终，在1955年，他成功回到了中国。manage to do sth.“设法做到某事”，是固定搭配，空处需要使用动词不定式to get。 4．句意：他夜以继日地工作，他的辛勤付出得到了回报。此处修饰名词“hard work”，需要使用形容词性物主代词，he对应的形容词性物主代词是his。 5．句意：五年后，他和他的团队成功试射了中国首批导弹。此处修饰动词tested，需要使用副词作状语，success对应的副词形式是successfully。 6．句意：这是中国太空项目的开端。此处是固定搭配the beginning of...，意为“……的开端”。 7．句意：中国的一所科学中心也是在钱学森的协助下建成的。主语“A science centre”和动词“build”之间是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，要使用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语是单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词是built。 8．句意：这个科学中心已经成为世界上最顶尖的科学中心之一。此处是固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，good的最高级形式是best。 9．句意：在钱学森的一生中，他获得了很多奖项。a lot of后面接可数名词时需要使用复数形式，award是可数名词，复数形式为awards。 10．句意：他于2009年逝世。时间状语in 2009是明确的过去时间，句子要使用一般过去时，die的过去式是died。 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 What makes a child want to become a scientist? For 10-year-old Jane Goodall, it was her wish to live with animals. With that dream in mind, she spent her life 1 a friend to chimpanzees (黑猩猩). On Oct 1, she passed away at 2 age of 91. Goodall began studying chimpanzees in Africa 3 she was 26 years old. To better learn about their 4 (life), she would sit for hours near these animals in the wild. She gave chimps names and 5 (find) that they are a lot like us: they make and use tools; they can feel happy, sad or 6 (scare); they show love but also violence (暴力). Because of Goodall’s findings, we now see chimps as smart and social animals. Goodall did everything to protect chimps and other animals. She wrote books, set up groups 7 (help) them, and gave speeches around the world. In 1977, she started the Jane Goodall Institute that 8 (work) to protect chimpanzees, wildlife and the environment. The Institute has 9   (play) a very positive role in the field. Sometimes people would ask her which she liked 10 (well): chimps or people? She said: “I like some people much more than some chimps and some chimps much more than some people.” 【答案】 1．being 2．the 3．when 4．lives 5．found 6．scared 7．to help 8．works 9．played 10．better 【导语】本文主要讲述了著名科学家珍·古道尔（Jane Goodall）一生致力于研究和保护黑猩猩的故事。 1．句意：带着那个梦想，她花了一生的时间作为黑猩猩的朋友。分析句子结构可知，固定搭配spend one’s life doing sth.，意为“花费某人的一生做某事”，动词be（作为）需用动名词形式。be的动名词是being。 2．句意：10月1日，她在91岁时去世了。固定搭配：at the age of+数字，表示“在……岁时”，中间必须加定冠词the。 3．句意：当古道尔26岁时，她开始在非洲研究黑猩猩。when引导时间状语从句，意思是“当……时候”，连接两件事：开始研究黑猩猩和她26岁。 4．句意：为了更好地了解它们的生活，她会在野外这些动物附近坐上几个小时。their意为“它们的”，后面接可数名词复数。life表示“生活”，复数形式是lives。黑猩猩是复数，所以“它们的生活”用lives。 5．句意：她给黑猩猩起名字，并发现它们很像我们人类：它们会制造并且使用工具；它们能感到高兴、悲伤或害怕；它们会流露爱意，但也会表现出暴力行为。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面gave（给）是一般过去时，find也要用过去式found。 6．句意：她给黑猩猩起名字，并发现它们很像我们人类：它们会制造并且使用工具；它们能感到高兴、悲伤或害怕；它们会流露爱意，但也会表现出暴力行为。分析句子结构可知，空处与happy, sad并列，作连系动词feel的表语，表示“感到害怕的”，需用形容词scared。 7．句意：她写书，建立组织来帮助它们，并在世界各地发表演讲。不定式to do表目的：组建团体，目的是为了帮助动物，所以填to help。 8．句意：1977年，她创办了致力于保护黑猩猩、野生动物和环境的珍·古道尔研究所。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句修饰the Jane Goodall Institute，描述该机构客观的宗旨和一直以来的职能，需用一般现在时；先行词为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。填works符合语境。 9．句意：该研究所在这一领域发挥了非常积极的作用。分析句子结构可知，助动词has提示此处为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，play的过去分词为played。固定短语play a role in意为“在……发挥作用”。 10．句意：有时人们会问她更喜欢哪个：黑猩猩还是人？后面给出两个选择：黑猩猩还是人类。两者之间做比较，well的比较级是better，like…better意为“更喜欢……”。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine a life without arms or legs! You can’t hold anyone in your arms. You can’t walk anywhere with your 1 (foot). How would you last a day like that? Would you smile at yourself in the mirror like Nick Vujicic, 2 34-year-old Australian? Nick was born without arms or legs. So life was not easy for 3 (he). At school many students played jokes on him 4 he looked different from everyone else. He was refused by most of them, so he always felt lonely. However, he faced that 5 (brave). He learned to read 6 the age of six, and he could even surf and play golf. In college, he achieved great success and was among the excellent students in the school. And he decided on what to do later in his life—to encourage others 7 (work) hard for their dreams. Now Nick is one of 8 (popular) speakers in the world. He travels to many countries and gives speeches about his story against difficulties. “Living life fully is about looking at what you have, not what you don’t have.” he said. His story encourages 9 (million) of people. “I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,” he said. “If I 10 (encourage) just one person, then my job in this life is done.” 【答案】 1．feet 2．a 3．him 4．because 5．bravely 6．at 7．to work 8．the most popular 9．millions 10．encourage 【导语】本文讲述了天生无四肢的Nick Vujicic直面困境、通过演讲激励大众的励志人生故事。 1．句意：你不能用你的脚走到任何地方。foot是可数名词，此处表示“双脚”，需用复数形式。 2．句意：你会像34岁的澳大利亚人Nick Vujicic一样对着镜子里的自己微笑吗？此处表示“一位34岁的澳大利亚人”，是泛指身份，且“34-year-old”以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 3．句意：所以生活对他来说并不容易。介词for后接人称代词宾格，在句中作介词的宾语。 4．句意：在学校里很多学生捉弄他，因为他看起来和其他人不一样。后文是前文的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 5．句意：然而，他勇敢地面对这一切。修饰动词faced需用副词。 6．句意：他在六岁时学会了阅读。固定搭配“at the age of”表示“在……岁时”。 7．句意：他决定在今后的人生中鼓励其他人为梦想努力。固定搭配“encourage sb.to do sth.”表示“鼓励某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 8．句意：现在Nick是世界上最受欢迎的演说家之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，popular是多音节形容词，它的最高级是“the most+形容词原级”。 9．句意：他的故事鼓励了数百万人。固定搭配“millions of”表示“数百万的”。 10．句意：如果我能鼓励哪怕一个人，那我这一生的使命就完成了。此处为“if”引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般现在时表将来，从句用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词保持原形。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Lei Feng is well-known in China. He was born in a poor family. At a young age, he went through a lot of 1 times. However, he always had a warm heart and was ready to 2 others. Lei Feng joined the army in 1960. During his time in the army, he often helped his comrades (同志) with their 3 and daily lives. Every time someone needed help, Lei Feng was always the first one to offer a hand. For example, he would help old people 4 heavy things, and he would spend his own money buying train tickets for those who had lost theirs. What made Lei Feng 5 was not just the big things he did, but also so many small acts of kindness. He kept a diary. In the diary he 6 his thoughts and experiences of helping others. His 7 became a record of his selfless (无私的) spirit. 8 , Lei Feng lost his life in 1962 at the young age of 22. But his spirit has lived on. Since then, March 5th has been set as “Learn from Lei Feng Day” in China. On this day, people, especially students, are 9 to do good things and follow Lei Feng’s example. The spirit of Lei Feng teaches us to be kind, selfless, and 10 . It tells us that even the smallest act of kindness counts. 1．A．weak B．rich C．hard D．happy 2．A．help B．leave C．control D．refuse 3．A．habits B．secrets C．studies D．decisions 4．A．kick B．carry C．change D．mention 5．A．blind B．special C．foreign D．missing 6．A．set up B．took out C．fell behind D．wrote down 7．A．book B．video C．diary D．passage 8．A．Sadly B．Clearly C．Proudly D．Differently 9．A．chosen B．laughed C．protected D．encouraged 10．A．awful B．helpful C．harmful D．successful 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述雷锋的生平事迹、无私奉献精神以及“学雷锋日”的设立意义，倡导人们向善。 1．句意：他年轻时经历了许多艰难时期。 根据“He was born in a poor family”，可知出身贫寒意味着经历艰难时期，hard“艰难的”符合语境。weak“虚弱的”，rich“富有的”，happy“高兴的”，与贫寒语境不符。 2．句意：然而，他始终有一颗温暖的心，随时准备帮助别人。 根据“always had a warm heart”，可知心怀温暖的人愿意帮助他人，help“帮助”符合语境。leave“离开”，control“控制”，refuse“拒绝”，不符合雷锋形象。 3．句意：在军队服役期间，他经常在学习和日常生活上帮助他的同志们。 根据“and daily lives”，常搭配为“学习和生活”，studies“学习”符合部队互助语境。habits“习惯”，secrets“秘密”，decisions“决定”，搭配不当。 4．句意：例如，他会帮老人搬运重物，而且他会用自己的钱为那些丢失火车票的人买火车票。 根据“heavy things”，可知是搬运重物，carry“搬运”符合语境。kick“踢”，change“改变”，mention“提及”，动作不合逻辑。 5．句意：雷锋的特别之处不仅在于他做的大事，而且还有这么多小小的善举。 根据后文提到的大小善举，可知这些使他与众不同，special“特别的”符合语境。blind“盲的”，foreign“外国的”，missing“失踪的”，语义不通。 6．句意：在日记中他记下自己的想法和帮助他人的经历。 根据“In the diary”，可知在日记里写下内容，wrote down“写下”符合语境。set up“设立”，took out“拿出”，fell behind“落后”，与日记功能不符。 7．句意：他的日记成为他无私精神的记录。 根据前文“He kept a diary”，可知此处指代他的日记，diary“日记”符合语境。book“书”，video“视频”，passage“文章”，指代错误。 8．句意：不幸的是，雷锋于1962年去世，年仅22岁。 根据“lost his life…at the young age of 22”，可知英年早逝令人悲伤，Sadly“悲伤地”符合语境。Clearly“清晰地”，Proudly“骄傲地”，Differently“不同地”，情感色彩不符。 9．句意：在这一天，人们，尤其是学生们被鼓励以雷锋为榜样做好事。 根据“do good things and follow Lei Feng’s example”，可知是被鼓励去学习，encouraged“鼓励”符合语境。chosen“选择”，laughed“嘲笑”，protected“保护”，不符合活动目的。 10．句意：雷锋精神教导我们要善良、无私、乐于助人。 根据“kind, selfless”，可知此处需填褒义词，helpful“愿意帮忙的”符合精神内涵。awful“糟糕的”，harmful“有害的”，successful“成功的”，不符合语境。 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Liu Ruochuan (刘若川) is a famous mathematics professor at Peking University. His story shows us how love and persistence (坚持) can lead to great achievements (成就). His love for math began in primary school. Unlike some people who find math difficult, Liu saw it as an exciting 1 . He enjoyed the challenge of solving difficult problems, sometimes 2 hours or even days thinking about a single question. For him, finding the answer felt like discovering a hidden 3 . This strong interest was the first step on his journey. Liu’s hard work and talent (天赋) led him to great success. As a student, he represented (代表) China in the International Mathematical Olympiad and won a gold medal, which is one of the highest honors (荣誉) for a young mathematician. This achievement opened doors for him to study abroad. 4 he chose to return to China to contribute to (贡献) his home country. Now, as a professor, he has a clear 5 . He wants to “produce the best research achievements in China” and help young students discover the beauty of math. A foreign expert once spoke 6 of him as “one of the best world-class experts” in his field. Liu Ruochuan often 7 research to exploring. He says that solving a difficult problem is like being in a dark room and 8 finding the light switch (开关); everything becomes bright and clear. He encourages young students to be 9 . “If we only follow others, we might always fall behind. We need to have the courage to find our own path and climb our own mountain,” he says. His story teaches us an important lesson: when you love something deeply and never 10 , you can finally reach amazing heights. 1．A．game B．book C．adventure D．movie 2．A．spending B．taking C．costing D．paying 3．A．answer B．money C．secret D．treasure 4．A．But B．So C．Because D．And 5．A．voice B．idea C．goal D．understanding 6．A．kindly B．highly C．politely D．carefully 7．A．compares B．tells C．makes D．shows 8．A．happily B．quickly C．slowly D．suddenly 9．A．quiet B．happy C．brave D．careful 10．A．give up B．slow down C．move away D．set up 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍北京大学刘若川教授，讲述他从小热爱数学，凭借热爱与坚持取得成就，学成归国报效祖国，同时分享他对科研的理解，鼓励年轻人勇于探索。 1．句意：不同于一些认为数学很难的人，刘若川把它看作一场令人兴奋的冒险。 后文“He enjoyed the challenge of solving difficult problems”体现数学充满挑战，adventure“冒险”符合语境。game“游戏”，book“书本”，movie“电影”，均不符合。 2．句意：他享受攻克难题带来的挑战，有时会花费数小时甚至好几天思考一道题目。 固定搭配spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，spending“花费”符合语法与语境。taking“耗费”，常用it作主语，costing“花费（物作主语）”，paying“支付”，均不符合。 3．句意：对他而言，找到答案就如同发现隐藏的宝藏。 把得出答案比作发掘宝藏，treasure“宝藏”符合语境。answer“答案”，money“金钱”，secret“秘密”，均不符合。 4．句意：但他选择回到中国，为他的的祖国贡献力量。 结合“This achievement opened doors for him to study abroad.”和“he chose to return to China”可知，前后存在转折关系，即：虽然有机会留学，但是他仍然选择回到祖国，But“但是”符合逻辑。So“所以”，Because“因为”，And“并且”，均不符合。 5．句意：如今身为一名教授，他有着清晰的目标。 后文介绍他想要做出顶尖研究成果、引导学生，goal“目标”符合语境。voice“声音”，idea“想法”，understanding“理解”，均不符合。 6．句意：一位外国专家曾高度评价他是所在领域顶尖世界级专家之一。 固定搭配speak highly of“高度赞扬”，和后文评价他是“世界级顶尖专家之一”的语境匹配。kindly“友善地”，politely“礼貌地”，carefully“仔细地”，均不符合。 7．句意：刘若川经常把研究比作探索。 后文用黑暗房间找开关类比科研过程，固定搭配compare...to...“把……比作……”，compares“比较”符合短语搭配。tells“讲述”，makes“制作”，shows“展示”，均不符合。 8．句意：他说解决难题就像身处黑暗房间，突然找到电灯开关，一切变得明亮清晰。 找到开关是瞬间发生的事，suddenly“突然”符合找到答案时豁然开朗的状态。happily“开心地”，quickly“快速地”，slowly“缓慢地”，均不符合。 9．句意：他鼓励青年学生要勇敢。 后文提到需要勇气走出自己的道路，brave“勇敢的”符合语境。quiet“安静的”，happy“快乐的”，careful“细心的”，均不符合。 10．句意：他的故事带给我们重要启示：当你深深热爱一件事并且永不放弃，终能抵达令人惊叹的高度。 全文主线是坚持热爱，never give up“永不放弃”符合主旨。slow down“减速”，move away“搬走”，set up“建立”，均不符合。 四、阅读理解 We all know the ancient Chinese story of the Foolish Old Man who moved a mountain. He didn’t use magic, but his hard work and strong spirit finally moved the gods. Today, in a village in China, there is a real-life “Foolish Old Man” named Chen Guangquan. His story is both true and inspiring. Chen Guangquan lived in a small village surrounded (环绕) by high mountains. For many years, the only way out was a dangerous, narrow path. It was so difficult to travel that children had to walk for hours to get to school, and sick people couldn’t reach hospitals in time. The mountain was like a giant wall, blocking (阻挡) the village from the outside world. One day, Chen decided to change this. He said, “If the Foolish Old Man could move a mountain, why can’t we?” So, he started a great project: to build a road through the mountain. Many people thought he was crazy but Chen didn’t give up. He began working alone with simple tools—a hammer, a chisel, and a shovel. Day after day, year after year, he broke rocks and moved earth. His body grew tired, but his heart remained strong. Little by little, he made progress. Slowly, something amazing happened. Other villagers saw his determination (决心) and started to join him. Then, people from nearby villages, even the local government came to help. After more than ten years of hard work, the impossible became possible. A 5-meter-high, 200-meter-long tunnel (隧道) was finally built through the mountain! Cars could now drive through, children could easily go to school, and lives were improved. Chen Guangquan’s story teaches us an important lesson: with perseverance (坚持不懈) and courage, we can overcome great difficulties. 1．What is Chen Guangquan compared to in this passage? A．An ancient god. B．The Foolish Old Man. C．A strong mountain. D．A dangerous path. 2．What does the underlined word “this” mean in Paragraph 3? A．The ancient story of the Foolish Old Man. B．The dangerous and narrow path in Chen’s village. C．The difficulty of children going to school and sick people reaching hospitals. D．The situation that the mountain blocks the village from the outside world. 3．What tools did Chen Guangquan use when he started building the road alone? A．Machines from the local government. B．A hammer, a chisel and a shovel. C．Rocks and earth he dug out. D．Tools given by other villagers. 4．What can you know from the passage? A．Chen Guangquan gave up his project when others laughed at him. B．Only Chen Guangquan worked on building the tunnel. C．The tunnel was built after more than ten years of hard work. D．The village was still cut off from the world after the tunnel was built. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Ancient Story of the Foolish Old Man B．Chen Guangquan: A Real-Life “Foolish Old Man” C．How to Build a Tunnel Through a Mountain D．The Difficult Life in a Small Mountain Village 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述现实版“愚公”陈光权的故事。村子被大山阻隔出行困难，他下定决心开山修路，凭借顽强的毅力，带动村民，历经十余年打通隧道，改善了全村人的生活，告诉我们凭借毅力与勇气可以战胜巨大困难。 1．根据文章第一段“Today, in a village in China, there is a real-life ‘Foolish Old Man’ named Chen Guangquan.”可知，文中将陈光权比作现实生活中的“愚公”。 2．根据第二段“The mountain was like a giant wall, blocking the village from the outside world.”可知，大山阻挡了村庄与外界的联系，导致出行困难。第三段开头提到陈光权决定改变“this”，指代的是前文所述的大山阻挡村庄对外联系的这种状况。 3．根据第四段第一句“He began working alone with simple tools—a hammer, a chisel, and a shovel.”可知，他独自开始时使用的工具是锤子、凿子和铲子。 4．根据第五段“After more than ten years of hard work…tunnel…was finally built.”可知，隧道是在十多年的努力后建成的。A项与文中“Chen didn’t give up”矛盾；B项与后来村民和政府加入帮助矛盾；D项与隧道建成后生活改善矛盾。 5．文章开篇点出“there is a real‑life ‘Foolish Old Man’ named Chen Guangquan”，后续段落讲述了他如何像愚公一样坚持不懈修路的故事，最后一段总结其精神。B选项最能概括文章核心内容。 Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project. At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情). Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.” 1．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine? A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988. 2．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience. C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine. B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine. C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine. D．The support from Huang’s family. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries. B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time. C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much. D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导中国第一艘核潜艇的研制过程、面对困难时的坚持、为国家保密30年不回家的奉献精神，以及他谦逊的品质。 1．由第一段最后一句“In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine”可知，中国于1958年决定建造第一艘核潜艇。 2．由第二段“For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn‘t tell anyone, even his family, about his work.”可知，这个项目是高度保密的，连家人都不知道，因此“secret”意为“只有少数人知道的事情”，对应D项。 3．第二段描述了当时中国对核潜艇知之甚少、没有外国专家帮助、缺乏材料和机器等困难，以及黄旭华和团队日夜工作、进行大量实验的过程，说明“建造第一艘核潜艇非常困难”。 4．由第二段“Huang and his team worked day and night”和最后一段“Huang always remained modest... lived a simple life”可知，他努力工作且热爱祖国。 5．全文围绕黄旭华的生平事迹展开，介绍了他领导核潜艇研制的贡献、保密30年的奉献精神和谦逊品质，B项“A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua”准确概括了文章内容。 In May 2024, Shen Tianhao, a Chinese sports journalist, made history. His article A United Euro 2024, an Ununited Europe won the Best Column Award at the AIPS Sport Media Awards—the first time a Chinese media worker had ever reached the top three in this global contest, let alone taken first place. The competition was fierce: 2,065 entries from 136 countries. But Shen’s writing stood out. Instead of just talking about football, he used the 2024 European Championship as a window to look at society. As one Dutch judge said, “Football is like an octopus—it touches every corner of life.” Shen wrote the article quickly before the Euro final in Berlin. He’d spent a month traveling across Germany: taking 32 train rides (covering 7,381 km), staying in noisy and quiet Berlin neighborhoods, and meeting fans. One night, after England beat the Netherlands, he wrote his article on a crowded train, watched by excited fans who gave him a football card. His story mixed football and real life. On the pitch (球场), united teams like Spain and England won; divided Italy failed. But off the pitch, “unity” was complicated. Immigrant (移民的) players like Yamal helped Spain win, yet most immigrants in Europe struggled to fit in. Berlin itself felt both “attractive” with its nightlife and “scarred” (留下伤痕的) from its history of division. Shen didn’t expect to win. He’d only sent a short English summary with his article, worried it might be ignored. When he got the call that he was a finalist, he rushed to translate the full text. At the ceremony in Morocco, he felt like a player waiting for a penalty shootout (点球大战) result. For Shen, this award isn’t just about football. It shows that Chinese media can now share stories that the world listens to. As he said, “I hope this encourages us to keep writing—truthfully, warmly, and responsibly.” 1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Football is a popular sport with many fans. B．Football has a long history in Europe. C．Football can bring people together easily. D．Football is connected to every corner of society. 2．How did Shen Tianhao collect materials for his article? A．He watched all Euro 2024 matches on TV. B．He traveled across Germany for a month and met fans. C．He interviewed famous football players online. D．He read reports from other sports journalists. 3．Which detail is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．The number of entries in the AIPS Sport Media Awards. B．The distance Shen Tianhao traveled by train in Germany. C．The exact date when the Euro 2024 final was held. D．The country where the award ceremony took place. 4．What does the award mean to Shen Tianhao? A．It proves that Chinese media can share influential stories around the world. B．It makes him the most famous sports journalist in China. C．It allows him to travel to more European countries. D．It helps him get a better job in a foreign media company. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The History of AIPS Sport Media Awards B．Euro 2024: A Football Festival for Europe C．The First Chinese Winner of AIPS Award D．An Inspiring Sports Article 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述体育记者沈天豪凭借《A United Euro 2024, an Ununited Europe》斩获AIPS体育媒体大奖的事迹，介绍了文章创作过程、写作内核、获奖经历以及这份奖项对于中国媒体的意义。 1．画线句在第二段：“Football is like an octopus—it touches every corner of life”，句子将足球比作章鱼，称其“触及生活的每个角落”。结合前文提到的“look at society”（观察社会），这句话意在表达足球与社会生活的方方面面紧密相连。 2．第三段提到方式：“He’d spent a month traveling across Germany…and meeting fans”，说明沈天豪是通过在德国旅行一个月并接触球迷来收集文章素材的。 3．第二段写明“2065 entries from 136 countries”，提及参赛数量，A项正确；第三段出现数据“7,381 km”，写明火车行驶距离，B项正确；第五段提到“At the ceremony in Morocco”，点明颁奖举办国家是摩洛哥，D项正确；第三段第一句提到“Shen wrote the article quickly before the Euro final in Berlin”，仅说明决赛在柏林举行，但是未提及决赛具体日期，所以C项错误。 4．最后一段点明意义：“It shows that Chinese media can now share stories that the world listens to”，说明这个奖项意味着中国媒体现在可以分享让世界倾听的故事，即具有国际影响力。 5．文章主要围绕中国体育记者沈天豪获得AIPS体育媒体奖最佳专栏奖展开，强调他是首位获此殊荣的中国媒体人，并讲述了获奖背后的故事及意义，所以“The First Chinese Winner of AIPS Award”（AIPS体育媒体奖首位中国获奖者）最为适合作文章标题。 On October 17, 2025, Liu Yukun, one of the Olympic champions, broke his own world record by 1.2 points to win the men’s 50m rifle three positions (步枪三姿) title at the 15th National Games of the People’s Republic of China. The 28-year-old shooter scored an amazing 470.1 points in the final. This was his second gold medal at the Games. Liu started his shooting journey in 2014 when he joined the Shaanxi shooting team. He worked so hard that he sometimes forgot to eat or sleep. He just wanted to make every shot perfect. His efforts paid off quickly. In 2016, he won many titles at the Asian Championships (锦标赛) and the National Championships and joined the national team. The next year, he won his first world title at the World Championships. However, his journey to win more championships has been quite difficult. He was deeply disappointed with his performances at the two National Games. At the 2017 Tianjin National Games, he just missed the gold medal by 0.3 points. At the 2021 Shaanxi National Games, he once again won the silver medal with a smaller margin (差额) of 0.1 points. At first, it was painful for him to lose. But over time, he became much calmer about it. “I learned to face it calmly,” he said. “A person cannot always be at the top. Only by going through failures can we shine brighter.” For this National Games, he thought that winning or losing was not important to him. “I had only one goal—to beat the world record and push the mark beyond 470 points,” Liu said. He had hoped to break it at the Paris Olympics, but he was too nervous at that time. Winning this time felt like making up for that regret. With a calm heart, Liu finally realized his dream. 1．What was Liu Yukun’s main achievement at the 15th National Games of the People’s Republic of China? A．Winning three gold medals. B．Beating a world top player. C．Beating his own world record. D．Winning his first national title. 2．Which of the following is the correct order of Liu Yukun’s shooting journey? ① Liu joined the national team. ② Liu won his second gold medal at the National Games. ③ Liu won a silver medal at the Shaanxi National Games. ④ Liu joined the Shaanxi shooting team. ⑤ Liu won his first world title at the World Championships. A．③②①⑤④ B．④①⑤③② C．④①③⑤② D．③①②⑤④ 3．Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined sentence? A．宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。 B．不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中。 C．两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天。 D．落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。 4．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To express the key role of a calm heart. B．To stress the importance of hard training. C．To show that luck is a part of success. D．To show a sports champion’s growth. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了射击运动员刘宇坤从加入省队、屡获殊荣，到经历挫折、调整心态，最终打破世界纪录的成长历程。 1．第1段“On October 17, 2025, Liu Yukun...broke his own world record by 1.2 points to win the men’s 50m rifle three positions title at the 15th National Games.”可知，他在全运会上的主要成就是打破了自己保持的世界纪录。 2．根据文章内容梳理时间线：2014年加入陕西射击队（④）；2016年入选国家队（①）；2017年获首个世界冠军（⑤）；2021年陕西全运会获银牌（③）；2025年第15届全运会获第二枚金牌（②）。正确顺序为④①⑤③②。 3．划线句子“Only by going through failures can we shine brighter”意为“只有经历失败才能更闪耀”，强调磨难与成功的关系。A项“宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来”寓意成功需要经过磨练和苦难，与句意最相符。B项指当局者迷，C项为写景，D项指奉献精神。 4．全文围绕刘宇坤的成长经历展开，讲述了他从训练、获奖、受挫到最终成功的故事，展现了一位体育冠军的成长历程。 Gu Ailing, also known as Eileen Gu, is one of the most famous freestyle skiers (自由式滑雪运动员) in the world. She was born in San Francisco on September 3, 2003. Her mother is Chinese, and Eileen feels very close to China. She started skiing when she was only three years old and became a professional skier at eight. Since 2019, she has proudly competed for China in international competitions. Just in that year, she became a world champion. But she is not just an athlete—she is also a hardworking student. At the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Eileen won two gold medals and one silver medal. She made the whole world cheer for her. After that, she set her eyes on the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics. The 2026 Milan Winter Olympics was not easy for Eileen. She competed in three events. First, she won two silver medals in slopestyle and big air. Then came her best event—the halfpipe (U型场地). This was her chance to win gold. In the first run of the halfpipe final, Eileen made a mistake and fell. She only got 30 points. Many people thought she might lose. But Eileen did not give up. She told herself, “I must believe in myself.” In the second run, she skied perfectly and got 94 points. In the third run, she did even better and scored 94.75 points. She won the gold medal! Her teammate Li Fanghui won the silver medal, so Chinese athletes got the first and second places—a great “one-two finish” for China. All four Chinese skiers, including Eileen Gu, Li Fanghui, Zhang Kexin and Liu Yishan, made it to the final. It was a proud moment for China in freeskiing. With this gold, Eileen became the most decorated (被授予勋章的) freeskier in Olympic history. She now has three gold medals and three silver medals from two Olympics. “I never really set out to be a professional athlete. I was just doing what I love,” she said. 1．What does the underlined phrase “one-two finish” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Two athletes won gold medals. B．Chinese athletes got the first and second places. C．Two teams reached the final at the same time. D．China won gold medals in two events. 2．Based on the passage, what’s the right order of the following things about Eileen Gu? a. She began to compete for China in the Olympics. b. She became a professional skier. c. She scored 94.75 points and won the gold medal in the halfpipe. d. She won two gold medals and one silver medal. A．a-d-c-b B．c-a-b-d C．b-a-d-c D．d-a-c-b 3．What helped Eileen Gu win the gold medal in the final? A．Her strong mind. B．The support from her teammates. C．The experience in Beijing Olympics. D．The improvement in basic skills. 4．What can we learn from Eileen Gu? A．A person’s success mainly comes from his rich family. B．Only talented people can win medals. C．Hard work and not giving up help us achieve our dreams. D．Winning many medals is the most important thing. 5．Where is this passage probably read? A．A science book. B．A sports magazine. C．A history book. D．A textbook. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌的运动生涯、比赛经历和她所传递的精神，展现了她的拼搏精神与成就。 1．根据第四段“Her teammate Li Fanghui won the silver medal, so Chinese athletes got the first and second places—a great ‘one-two finish’ for China.”可知，谷爱凌和队友分别获得了冠亚军，“one-two finish”在这里指中国运动员包揽了该项目的第一和第二名。 2．根据文章时间线：第一段“became a professional skier at eight”，成为职业滑雪运动员 (b)；第一段“Since 2019, she has proudly competed for China in the Olympics”，开始代表中国参赛 (a)；第二段“At the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Eileen won two gold medals and one silver medal”，获得两金一银 (d)；第三段“In the third run, she did even better and scored 94.75 points. She won the gold medal!”，获得94.75分并赢得金牌 (c)。因此，正确顺序为：b-a-d-c。 3．根据第三段“Many people thought she might lose. But Eileen did not give up. She told herself, ‘I must believe in myself.’”可知，在比赛失误的情况下，她凭借坚定的信念和不放弃的精神完成逆转，因此是她强大的意志帮助她赢得了金牌。 4．文章讲述了谷爱凌在比赛中遭遇失误却不放弃，最终逆袭夺冠的经历，传递了“努力和永不放弃能帮助我们实现梦想”的道理。 5．文章介绍的是滑雪运动员谷爱凌的体育赛事与成就，这类人物与赛事报道最可能出现在体育杂志上。 阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Einstein made great contributions (贡献) to the world, and his sayings are still remembered by people today. 1 “If you can’t explain it to a six-year-old, you don’t understand it yourself” The more complicated (复杂的) you make something seem, the more you do not understand the inner meaning of it. 2 Did they make the most complicated topics that you did not understand full of vocabulary or make them easier to understand by simplifying them? “I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.” 3 Don’t get yourself worried about the future as the new plans you make may not work in the future. What matters most is living today. Do your best right now and do not worry about tomorrow. “ 4 ” Imagination is very important. When you imagine something differently, you may begin to share it with others. People begin to see the world that you imagine. Together you can create new ideas and help each other. Take time to imagine something, and share your ideas with others. “Only those who try the absurd (荒诞的事物) can achieve the impossible.” Sometimes it seems silly that you are taking risks. 5 When you go beyond what others think is reasonable, an amazing thing starts to happen. A．Imagination is the highest form of research. B．Here is people’s understanding of some of them. C．You are only certain about the moment that you have right now. D．Actually, you may be able to achieve the impossible. E．Think about the best teachers that you have had in your life. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了爱因斯坦的几句名言及其深刻含义。 1．根据“Einstein made great contributions to the world, and his sayings are still remembered by people today”可知，此处应是对前文的承接，选项B“这是人们对其中一些名言的理解”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“The more complicated you make something seem, the more you do not understand the inner meaning of it”及后文对老师的提问可知，此处应引出具体例子，选项E“想想你生命中遇到过的最好的老师”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据“I never think of the future. It comes soon enough”及后文强调“活在当下”可知，选项C“你唯一能确定的就是此刻拥有的当下”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“Imagination is very important…Take time to imagine something”可知，此处应强调想象力的重要性，选项A“想象力是研究的最高形式”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据前文“Sometimes it seems silly that you are taking risks”及后文“超越常规可能创造奇迹”可知，选项D“实际上，你或许能实现不可能的事”符合语境，故选D。 五、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Yu Min was an important Chinese nuclear physicist (核物理学家) and was honored as “the father of Chinese Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)”. Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high school, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied at Peking University. In 1951, he became a scientist and began to study nuclear physics. In 1961, when Yu was given the work of researching the hydrogen bomb, he accepted it without thinking twice. For the next 28 years, his work remained secret (秘密的) and stayed hidden from the public. Even his family didn’t know his work. To develop China’s own hydrogen bomb quickly, Yu worked day and night. He guided his team to create a complete design after three months of hard work. After working in hard environments for years, his body became weak. But he never gave up. On October 16, 1964, China’s first atomic bomb exploded (原子弹爆炸) successfully. Later, on June 17, 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb exploded, making China the fastest country to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs, much quicker than the USA (7 years), France (8.5 years) or the UK (4.5 years). Yu came back to public view in 1999, receiving the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” Merit Award for his work, together with some other scientists such as Sun Jiadong, Qian Sanqiang, Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian. In 2015, Yu Min won the National Science and Technology Award. In January 2019, Yu Min died, leaving his deep love for the country. 1．Where was Yu Min born? 2．How long did Yu Min keep his work a secret? 3．When did China’s first atomic bomb explode? 4．Which country was the fastest to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs? 5．What can you learn from Yu Min? 【答案】1．He was born in Tianjin. 2．For 28 years. 3．On October 16, 1964. 4．China was the fastest. 5．Love for the country. He kept his important job a secret for 28 years and tried his best to finish it well. （答案不唯一，合理即可） 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了“中国氢弹之父”于敏的生平经历，讲述他隐姓埋名28年潜心研发氢弹、克服艰苦条件完成科研突破并斩获多项荣誉，一生为国奉献的感人事迹。 1．根据第二段第一句“Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926.”可知原文已经给出了“出生地”信息是天津，直接提取。 2．根据第二段“For the next 28 years, his work remained secret and stayed hidden from the public.” 原文明确给出保密时长28年，直接提取。 3．根据第三段“On October 16, 1964, China’s first atomic bomb exploded successfully.” 可知原文已经给出了具体的时间信息，直接提取。 4．根据第三段“…making China the fastest country to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs…”原文点明是中国的速度最快。因此答案就是原文直接信息。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，根据原文提炼品质，比如“隐姓埋名28年、日夜奋战、艰苦环境不放弃、为国奉献”，总结出“坚持不懈、无私奉献、热爱祖国、刻苦钻研”等精神，写出自己的观点，合理作答即可。 任务型阅读根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 Have you ever stopped to think how much the world has changed because of a simple question? Every step forward in human history starts with someone asking “how”, “what” or “why”— and being curious is the driving force behind all progress. Curiosity is not just for kids, it’s the key to solving problems and saving lives. In the 18th century, smallpox was a deadly disease that killed millions. Dr Edward Jenner heard a local story: milkmaids who caught cowpox, an illness from cows, never got smallpox. Instead of taking it for granted (理所当然), he asked, “Why is this true?” and ran careful experiments for deeper understanding to test the idea. His curiosity led to the world’s first vaccine, which trains our body to fight diseases and has saved lots of lives ever since. Another example is penicillin (盘尼西林). In 1928, scientist Alexander Fleming returned from holiday and noticed something strange in his lab: mould (霉菌) in a dish had stopped bacteria from growing. Most people would have thrown the dish away, but Fleming asked, “What’s happening here?” He dug deeper into this unexpected observation and discovered penicillin, the world’s first antibiotic (抗生素) that still cures life-threatening illnesses today. Many students worry that asking questions makes them look silly. But the truth is, there are no silly questions. From childhood experiments to life-changing scientific discoveries, every step forward starts with curiosity. Never be afraid to ask “why”— it’s the first step to changing the world. 1．What did Dr Jenner’s curiosity finally lead to? 2．How were Jenner and Fleming similar when facing unusual facts? 3．Why do many students avoid asking questions? 4．What’s the key role of curiosity according to this passage? 5．What should we do when facing unknown things? 【答案】1．It led to the world’s first vaccine. 2．They both asked questions. 3．Because they worry that asking questions makes them look silly. 4．It is the driving force behind all progress. 5．We should never be afraid to ask “why”. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了好奇心的重要性，通过詹纳医生发明疫苗和弗莱明发现青霉素的例子，说明好奇心是推动进步、解决问题和拯救生命的关键，并鼓励学生不要害怕提问。 1．根据文章第二段“His curiosity led to the world’s first vaccine”可推知，詹纳的好奇心最终催生了世界上第一种疫苗，答案为原文信息，直接提取。 2．根据文章第二段“he asked, ‘Why is this true?’”和第三段“Fleming asked, ‘What’s happening here?’”可推知，詹纳面对牛痘不会让人感染天花的反常现象没有理所当然接受，而是提出疑问并做实验；弗莱明看到霉菌抑制细菌生长的奇怪现象，没有丢掉培养皿，而是追问缘由深入研究。二人相似之处是面对反常事实，都没有忽视，而是心生疑问、深入探究。整合原文信息，获取答案。 3．根据文章第四段“Many students worry that asking questions makes them look silly.”可推知，很多学生担心提问会让自己看起来很愚蠢。直接提取学生回避提问的原因。 4．根据文章第一段“being curious is the driving force behind all progress.”可推知，保持好奇心是所有进步背后的驱动力，整合原文信息，直接提取。 5．根据文章第四段“Never be afraid to ask ‘why’”以及全文主旨，可推知，在面对未知的事情时要敢于提问、保持好奇心、深入钻研。答案为原文信息，直接提取。 六、书面表达 1．中华民族从来都是一个勇敢且不乏英雄的民族。中国历史上有英雄，文学作品中有英雄，体育竞技赛上有英雄，日常生活中也有英雄。请你从下面第一个表格中选择其中一位英雄，并根据后面两个表格中的提示写一篇短文进行介绍。 提示： Hero: Monkey King Yuan Longping my teacher my mom Everyday life or Story or Achievement(s) Reasons: spirit ability influence 注意： （1）文中不得出现真实的校名和地名。 （2）词数80个左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The hero in my heart is Yuan Longping, China’s most famous “farmer”. Before his research, many people didn’t have enough food. Through his hard work, he developed hybrid rice. The introduction of this product helped farmers produce much more rice. What makes him a hero is not just his success in science, but also his spirit. He was kind, hardworking, and ready to help others. Even in his old age, he kept working in the fields. His story encourages me to work hard and never give up. ［第一步：审题立意］ 确定文体：人物介绍类记叙文，以一般过去时为主，描述品质时切换为一般现在时。 明确要点： 选择哪位英雄；该英雄的日常生活；故事或成就； 该英雄体现的精神、能力或影响 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）引出观点，第三人称（he/she）展开介绍。 注意事项：不出现真实校名和地名，词数控制在80左右。 ［第二步：构思布局］ 三段式结构： 开头段： 直接点明“我心中的英雄是谁”，可用一句话概括其身份或地位。 主体段： 第一层介绍英雄的具体事迹或成就，第二层说明英雄具备的精神品质及为何堪称英雄。 结尾段：总结英雄对自己的影响或启示，升华主题。 ［第三步：要点展开］ 要点一：介绍人物 例文表达：The hero in my heart is Yuan Longping, China’s most famous “farmer”.   拓展句型： Among all the heroes, I admire…most.   When it comes to heroes, the first one that comes to my mind is… …is a real hero in my eyes. 要点二：介绍英雄的事迹与成就 例文表达：Before his research, many people didn’t have enough food. Through his hard work, he developed hybrid rice. The introduction of this new product helped farmers produce much more rice.   拓展词汇：made great contributions to…/succeeded in doing…/devoted his/her life to…/came up with a new way to… 要点三：阐述英雄的品质、精神 例文表达：What makes him a hero is not just his success in science, but also his spirit. He was kind, hardworking, and ready to help others. Even in his old age, he kept working in the fields.   拓展品质类形容词：brave/wise/selfless/responsible/patient/determined/warm-hearted/modest   拓展品质表达句型：He/She is not only…but also…/What impresses me most is his/her…/I admire him/her because he/she always… 行为举例：always thought of others first/spent most of his/her time on…/never complained about… 要点四：总结英雄对自己的影响或启示 例文表达：His story encourages me to work hard and never give up.   拓展句型： His/Her spirit teaches me the importance of… I hope I can be a person like him/her one day.   This hero sets a good example for all of us. Whenever I feel tired, I think of him/her and get strength. 2．不论哪个时代，哪个行业，都会有永驻人心的英雄，因而诗人说：“英雄儿女耀千秋”。你的心中也一定有一位英雄，他也许是阅兵场上的军人，也许是攻克难题的科学家，也许是一位感动大家的普通人，亦或是你身边的守护者。请以“A Hero in My Heart”为题，写写你心中这位英雄的故事以及他 (她) 对你的影响。 1. 简单介绍这位英雄 (如姓名、所处时代等基本信息)； 2. 描述他/她的主要成就、贡献或故事； 3. 说明他/她身上哪些品质让你钦佩，以及对你产生了怎样的影响。 要求： 1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥； 3. 词数在100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 A Hero in My Heart When it comes to heroes, opinions are different from person to person. As for me, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A Hero in My Heart When it comes to heroes, opinions are different from person to person. As for me, the hero in my heart is Qian Xuesen. He was a great scientist who lived in the 20th century. He is considered the pioneer of China’s space technology programme. Though he faced many difficulties, he never gave up. He worked hard to help China build its rockets and satellites. What I admire most about him is his love for his country and his strong will. His story teaches me to keep working hard and never lose heart when facing problems. I will learn from him and become a better person. [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般现在时和一般过去时为主 明确要点：英雄的基本信息、主要成就/故事、敬佩的品质及对自己的影响 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) + 第三人称 (he/his) 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、校名和地名，词数100词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接已给出的句子，点明心中的英雄是谁 主体段：介绍英雄的基本信息、主要成就与贡献 结尾段：说明敬佩的品质，以及对自己的影响与感悟 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：英雄基本信息与主要成就 人物选择：Qian Xuesen/Zhang Guimei/Yuan Longping等 信息描述：He was a great scientist who lived in the 20th century./He is considered the pioneer of China’s space technology programme./She is widely known for founding the first free high school for girls in China./He is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.等 具体贡献：Though he faced many difficulties, he never gave up./He worked hard to help China build its rockets and satellites./She has helped thousands of girls from poor families go to college and change their lives./He worked hard to develop high-yield hybrid rice, which helped feed millions of people around the world.等 要点二：敬佩的品质与个人影响 品质说明：His love for his country and his strong will./Her selfless love for students and her unyielding spirit are what I admire most./His love for his country and his strong will to solve hunger problems are truly inspiring.等 影响说明：His story teaches me to keep working hard and never lose heart when facing problems./I will learn from him and become a better person./Her story teaches me to care for others and never give up on helping people in need./I will learn from him to pursue my dreams and help others in the future.等 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Great people 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、语法选择 阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1 300 songs and an opera. Xian was born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with 2 mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was so cheap and badly made that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 3 and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 4 , Xian became the school’s best student 5 won several prizes for his talents. In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’ an 6 music at a college. 7 there were no pianos in Yan’ an at that time, Xian still wrote 8 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work. In May 1940, Xian was sent to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 9 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness 10 October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’s hearts. 1．A．near B．nearly C．nearby D．nearer 2．A．he B．him C．his D．he’s 3．A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised 4．A．leave B．leaves C．left D．was leaving 5．A．and B．but C．as D．or 6．A．teach B．taught C．teaching D．to teach 7．A．If B．Although C．When D．Because 8．A．any B．little C．few D．some 9．A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 10．A．at B．in C．on D．by 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Einstein liked to hang out with a group of kids. Because he was so busy playing, he didn’t want 1 hard and didn’t pass his test. One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing tool and went out, he 2 by his father, “Einstein, you were playing too much. I’m worried about your future.” “ 3 are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed the test, but 4 still go fishing.” “My boy, there is 5 story I want to tell you.” “There were two cats playing 6 the top of a house. One cat was careless and fell down the chimney (烟囱) while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot (烟灰) on his face, while the other 7 face was clean. Seeing the soot-faced cat, the clean cat thought its face must be like this, too, so it quickly washed its face. The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat 8 thought its face was also clean. It just walked down the street happily.” “Boy, no one can be your mirror (镜子). You have to think for yourself. If you 9 others, you will never learn anything.” Hearing this, Einstein laid down his fishing tool and returned to his room. He studied hard from then on. This helped him be 10 and become a great scientist. 1．A．study B．studies C．to study D．studying 2．A．stop B．stopped C．is stopped D．was stopped 3．A．Why B．What C．Who D．Where 4．A．them B．they C．themselves D．their 5．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．A．behind B．under C．in D．on 7．A．cat’s B．cats’ C．cats D．cat 8．A．but B．so C．or D．and 9．A．follow B．follows C．will follow D．followed 10．A．certain B．certainly C．successful D．successfully 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On 7th September, 1950, some American officers arrived at Qian Xuesen’s home. They took him to 1 island and kept him there. They did this because Qian Xuesen was planning to return to China. Qian Xuesen had a successful career in the USA, but when he heard about the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he decided to go back 2 wanted to help his country himself. However, the USA refused to let him leave because he was a valuable scientist. Qian Xuesen did not give up. Finally, in 1955, he managed 3 (get) back to China. As soon as he returned, Qian Xuesen started a satellite and missile (导弹) programme. He worked day and night and 4 (he) hard work paid off. Five years later, he and his team 5 (success) tested the first Chinese missiles. In 1970, China sent the first satellite into space. This was the beginning 6 China’s space programme. A science centre in China 7 (build) with the help of Qian Xuesen as well. He trained many people there and they are now great rocket scientists themselves. The science centre has become one of the 8 (good) ones in the world. During his life, Qian Xuesen received a lot of 9 (award). In 1991, he received the award for National Outstanding Contributing Scientist. He 10 (die) in 2009. People always remember him as “the father of China’s missile and space programme”. 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 What makes a child want to become a scientist? For 10-year-old Jane Goodall, it was her wish to live with animals. With that dream in mind, she spent her life 1 a friend to chimpanzees (黑猩猩). On Oct 1, she passed away at 2 age of 91. Goodall began studying chimpanzees in Africa 3 she was 26 years old. To better learn about their 4 (life), she would sit for hours near these animals in the wild. She gave chimps names and 5 (find) that they are a lot like us: they make and use tools; they can feel happy, sad or 6 (scare); they show love but also violence (暴力). Because of Goodall’s findings, we now see chimps as smart and social animals. Goodall did everything to protect chimps and other animals. She wrote books, set up groups 7 (help) them, and gave speeches around the world. In 1977, she started the Jane Goodall Institute that 8 (work) to protect chimpanzees, wildlife and the environment. The Institute has 9   (play) a very positive role in the field. Sometimes people would ask her which she liked 10 (well): chimps or people? She said: “I like some people much more than some chimps and some chimps much more than some people.” 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine a life without arms or legs! You can’t hold anyone in your arms. You can’t walk anywhere with your 1 (foot). How would you last a day like that? Would you smile at yourself in the mirror like Nick Vujicic, 2 34-year-old Australian? Nick was born without arms or legs. So life was not easy for 3 (he). At school many students played jokes on him 4 he looked different from everyone else. He was refused by most of them, so he always felt lonely. However, he faced that 5 (brave). He learned to read 6 the age of six, and he could even surf and play golf. In college, he achieved great success and was among the excellent students in the school. And he decided on what to do later in his life—to encourage others 7 (work) hard for their dreams. Now Nick is one of 8 (popular) speakers in the world. He travels to many countries and gives speeches about his story against difficulties. “Living life fully is about looking at what you have, not what you don’t have.” he said. His story encourages 9 (million) of people. “I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,” he said. “If I 10 (encourage) just one person, then my job in this life is done.” 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Lei Feng is well-known in China. He was born in a poor family. At a young age, he went through a lot of 1 times. However, he always had a warm heart and was ready to 2 others. Lei Feng joined the army in 1960. During his time in the army, he often helped his comrades (同志) with their 3 and daily lives. Every time someone needed help, Lei Feng was always the first one to offer a hand. For example, he would help old people 4 heavy things, and he would spend his own money buying train tickets for those who had lost theirs. What made Lei Feng 5 was not just the big things he did, but also so many small acts of kindness. He kept a diary. In the diary he 6 his thoughts and experiences of helping others. His 7 became a record of his selfless (无私的) spirit. 8 , Lei Feng lost his life in 1962 at the young age of 22. But his spirit has lived on. Since then, March 5th has been set as “Learn from Lei Feng Day” in China. On this day, people, especially students, are 9 to do good things and follow Lei Feng’s example. The spirit of Lei Feng teaches us to be kind, selfless, and 10 . It tells us that even the smallest act of kindness counts. 1．A．weak B．rich C．hard D．happy 2．A．help B．leave C．control D．refuse 3．A．habits B．secrets C．studies D．decisions 4．A．kick B．carry C．change D．mention 5．A．blind B．special C．foreign D．missing 6．A．set up B．took out C．fell behind D．wrote down 7．A．book B．video C．diary D．passage 8．A．Sadly B．Clearly C．Proudly D．Differently 9．A．chosen B．laughed C．protected D．encouraged 10．A．awful B．helpful C．harmful D．successful 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Liu Ruochuan (刘若川) is a famous mathematics professor at Peking University. His story shows us how love and persistence (坚持) can lead to great achievements (成就). His love for math began in primary school. Unlike some people who find math difficult, Liu saw it as an exciting 1 . He enjoyed the challenge of solving difficult problems, sometimes 2 hours or even days thinking about a single question. For him, finding the answer felt like discovering a hidden 3 . This strong interest was the first step on his journey. Liu’s hard work and talent (天赋) led him to great success. As a student, he represented (代表) China in the International Mathematical Olympiad and won a gold medal, which is one of the highest honors (荣誉) for a young mathematician. This achievement opened doors for him to study abroad. 4 he chose to return to China to contribute to (贡献) his home country. Now, as a professor, he has a clear 5 . He wants to “produce the best research achievements in China” and help young students discover the beauty of math. A foreign expert once spoke 6 of him as “one of the best world-class experts” in his field. Liu Ruochuan often 7 research to exploring. He says that solving a difficult problem is like being in a dark room and 8 finding the light switch (开关); everything becomes bright and clear. He encourages young students to be 9 . “If we only follow others, we might always fall behind. We need to have the courage to find our own path and climb our own mountain,” he says. His story teaches us an important lesson: when you love something deeply and never 10 , you can finally reach amazing heights. 1．A．game B．book C．adventure D．movie 2．A．spending B．taking C．costing D．paying 3．A．answer B．money C．secret D．treasure 4．A．But B．So C．Because D．And 5．A．voice B．idea C．goal D．understanding 6．A．kindly B．highly C．politely D．carefully 7．A．compares B．tells C．makes D．shows 8．A．happily B．quickly C．slowly D．suddenly 9．A．quiet B．happy C．brave D．careful 10．A．give up B．slow down C．move away D．set up 四、阅读理解 We all know the ancient Chinese story of the Foolish Old Man who moved a mountain. He didn’t use magic, but his hard work and strong spirit finally moved the gods. Today, in a village in China, there is a real-life “Foolish Old Man” named Chen Guangquan. His story is both true and inspiring. Chen Guangquan lived in a small village surrounded (环绕) by high mountains. For many years, the only way out was a dangerous, narrow path. It was so difficult to travel that children had to walk for hours to get to school, and sick people couldn’t reach hospitals in time. The mountain was like a giant wall, blocking (阻挡) the village from the outside world. One day, Chen decided to change this. He said, “If the Foolish Old Man could move a mountain, why can’t we?” So, he started a great project: to build a road through the mountain. Many people thought he was crazy but Chen didn’t give up. He began working alone with simple tools—a hammer, a chisel, and a shovel. Day after day, year after year, he broke rocks and moved earth. His body grew tired, but his heart remained strong. Little by little, he made progress. Slowly, something amazing happened. Other villagers saw his determination (决心) and started to join him. Then, people from nearby villages, even the local government came to help. After more than ten years of hard work, the impossible became possible. A 5-meter-high, 200-meter-long tunnel (隧道) was finally built through the mountain! Cars could now drive through, children could easily go to school, and lives were improved. Chen Guangquan’s story teaches us an important lesson: with perseverance (坚持不懈) and courage, we can overcome great difficulties. 1．What is Chen Guangquan compared to in this passage? A．An ancient god. B．The Foolish Old Man. C．A strong mountain. D．A dangerous path. 2．What does the underlined word “this” mean in Paragraph 3? A．The ancient story of the Foolish Old Man. B．The dangerous and narrow path in Chen’s village. C．The difficulty of children going to school and sick people reaching hospitals. D．The situation that the mountain blocks the village from the outside world. 3．What tools did Chen Guangquan use when he started building the road alone? A．Machines from the local government. B．A hammer, a chisel and a shovel. C．Rocks and earth he dug out. D．Tools given by other villagers. 4．What can you know from the passage? A．Chen Guangquan gave up his project when others laughed at him. B．Only Chen Guangquan worked on building the tunnel. C．The tunnel was built after more than ten years of hard work. D．The village was still cut off from the world after the tunnel was built. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Ancient Story of the Foolish Old Man B．Chen Guangquan: A Real-Life “Foolish Old Man” C．How to Build a Tunnel Through a Mountain D．The Difficult Life in a Small Mountain Village Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project. At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情). Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.” 1．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine? A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988. 2．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience. C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine. B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine. C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine. D．The support from Huang’s family. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries. B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time. C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much. D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China In May 2024, Shen Tianhao, a Chinese sports journalist, made history. His article A United Euro 2024, an Ununited Europe won the Best Column Award at the AIPS Sport Media Awards—the first time a Chinese media worker had ever reached the top three in this global contest, let alone taken first place. The competition was fierce: 2,065 entries from 136 countries. But Shen’s writing stood out. Instead of just talking about football, he used the 2024 European Championship as a window to look at society. As one Dutch judge said, “Football is like an octopus—it touches every corner of life.” Shen wrote the article quickly before the Euro final in Berlin. He’d spent a month traveling across Germany: taking 32 train rides (covering 7,381 km), staying in noisy and quiet Berlin neighborhoods, and meeting fans. One night, after England beat the Netherlands, he wrote his article on a crowded train, watched by excited fans who gave him a football card. His story mixed football and real life. On the pitch (球场), united teams like Spain and England won; divided Italy failed. But off the pitch, “unity” was complicated. Immigrant (移民的) players like Yamal helped Spain win, yet most immigrants in Europe struggled to fit in. Berlin itself felt both “attractive” with its nightlife and “scarred” (留下伤痕的) from its history of division. Shen didn’t expect to win. He’d only sent a short English summary with his article, worried it might be ignored. When he got the call that he was a finalist, he rushed to translate the full text. At the ceremony in Morocco, he felt like a player waiting for a penalty shootout (点球大战) result. For Shen, this award isn’t just about football. It shows that Chinese media can now share stories that the world listens to. As he said, “I hope this encourages us to keep writing—truthfully, warmly, and responsibly.” 1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Football is a popular sport with many fans. B．Football has a long history in Europe. C．Football can bring people together easily. D．Football is connected to every corner of society. 2．How did Shen Tianhao collect materials for his article? A．He watched all Euro 2024 matches on TV. B．He traveled across Germany for a month and met fans. C．He interviewed famous football players online. D．He read reports from other sports journalists. 3．Which detail is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．The number of entries in the AIPS Sport Media Awards. B．The distance Shen Tianhao traveled by train in Germany. C．The exact date when the Euro 2024 final was held. D．The country where the award ceremony took place. 4．What does the award mean to Shen Tianhao? A．It proves that Chinese media can share influential stories around the world. B．It makes him the most famous sports journalist in China. C．It allows him to travel to more European countries. D．It helps him get a better job in a foreign media company. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The History of AIPS Sport Media Awards B．Euro 2024: A Football Festival for Europe C．The First Chinese Winner of AIPS Award D．An Inspiring Sports Article On October 17, 2025, Liu Yukun, one of the Olympic champions, broke his own world record by 1.2 points to win the men’s 50m rifle three positions (步枪三姿) title at the 15th National Games of the People’s Republic of China. The 28-year-old shooter scored an amazing 470.1 points in the final. This was his second gold medal at the Games. Liu started his shooting journey in 2014 when he joined the Shaanxi shooting team. He worked so hard that he sometimes forgot to eat or sleep. He just wanted to make every shot perfect. His efforts paid off quickly. In 2016, he won many titles at the Asian Championships (锦标赛) and the National Championships and joined the national team. The next year, he won his first world title at the World Championships. However, his journey to win more championships has been quite difficult. He was deeply disappointed with his performances at the two National Games. At the 2017 Tianjin National Games, he just missed the gold medal by 0.3 points. At the 2021 Shaanxi National Games, he once again won the silver medal with a smaller margin (差额) of 0.1 points. At first, it was painful for him to lose. But over time, he became much calmer about it. “I learned to face it calmly,” he said. “A person cannot always be at the top. Only by going through failures can we shine brighter.” For this National Games, he thought that winning or losing was not important to him. “I had only one goal—to beat the world record and push the mark beyond 470 points,” Liu said. He had hoped to break it at the Paris Olympics, but he was too nervous at that time. Winning this time felt like making up for that regret. With a calm heart, Liu finally realized his dream. 1．What was Liu Yukun’s main achievement at the 15th National Games of the People’s Republic of China? A．Winning three gold medals. B．Beating a world top player. C．Beating his own world record. D．Winning his first national title. 2．Which of the following is the correct order of Liu Yukun’s shooting journey? ① Liu joined the national team. ② Liu won his second gold medal at the National Games. ③ Liu won a silver medal at the Shaanxi National Games. ④ Liu joined the Shaanxi shooting team. ⑤ Liu won his first world title at the World Championships. A．③②①⑤④ B．④①⑤③② C．④①③⑤② D．③①②⑤④ 3．Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined sentence? A．宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。 B．不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中。 C．两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天。 D．落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。 4．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To express the key role of a calm heart. B．To stress the importance of hard training. C．To show that luck is a part of success. D．To show a sports champion’s growth. Gu Ailing, also known as Eileen Gu, is one of the most famous freestyle skiers (自由式滑雪运动员) in the world. She was born in San Francisco on September 3, 2003. Her mother is Chinese, and Eileen feels very close to China. She started skiing when she was only three years old and became a professional skier at eight. Since 2019, she has proudly competed for China in international competitions. Just in that year, she became a world champion. But she is not just an athlete—she is also a hardworking student. At the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Eileen won two gold medals and one silver medal. She made the whole world cheer for her. After that, she set her eyes on the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics. The 2026 Milan Winter Olympics was not easy for Eileen. She competed in three events. First, she won two silver medals in slopestyle and big air. Then came her best event—the halfpipe (U型场地). This was her chance to win gold. In the first run of the halfpipe final, Eileen made a mistake and fell. She only got 30 points. Many people thought she might lose. But Eileen did not give up. She told herself, “I must believe in myself.” In the second run, she skied perfectly and got 94 points. In the third run, she did even better and scored 94.75 points. She won the gold medal! Her teammate Li Fanghui won the silver medal, so Chinese athletes got the first and second places—a great “one-two finish” for China. All four Chinese skiers, including Eileen Gu, Li Fanghui, Zhang Kexin and Liu Yishan, made it to the final. It was a proud moment for China in freeskiing. With this gold, Eileen became the most decorated (被授予勋章的) freeskier in Olympic history. She now has three gold medals and three silver medals from two Olympics. “I never really set out to be a professional athlete. I was just doing what I love,” she said. 1．What does the underlined phrase “one-two finish” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Two athletes won gold medals. B．Chinese athletes got the first and second places. C．Two teams reached the final at the same time. D．China won gold medals in two events. 2．Based on the passage, what’s the right order of the following things about Eileen Gu? a. She began to compete for China in the Olympics. b. She became a professional skier. c. She scored 94.75 points and won the gold medal in the halfpipe. d. She won two gold medals and one silver medal. A．a-d-c-b B．c-a-b-d C．b-a-d-c D．d-a-c-b 3．What helped Eileen Gu win the gold medal in the final? A．Her strong mind. B．The support from her teammates. C．The experience in Beijing Olympics. D．The improvement in basic skills. 4．What can we learn from Eileen Gu? A．A person’s success mainly comes from his rich family. B．Only talented people can win medals. C．Hard work and not giving up help us achieve our dreams. D．Winning many medals is the most important thing. 5．Where is this passage probably read? A．A science book. B．A sports magazine. C．A history book. D．A textbook. 阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Einstein made great contributions (贡献) to the world, and his sayings are still remembered by people today. 1 “If you can’t explain it to a six-year-old, you don’t understand it yourself” The more complicated (复杂的) you make something seem, the more you do not understand the inner meaning of it. 2 Did they make the most complicated topics that you did not understand full of vocabulary or make them easier to understand by simplifying them? “I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.” 3 Don’t get yourself worried about the future as the new plans you make may not work in the future. What matters most is living today. Do your best right now and do not worry about tomorrow. “ 4 ” Imagination is very important. When you imagine something differently, you may begin to share it with others. People begin to see the world that you imagine. Together you can create new ideas and help each other. Take time to imagine something, and share your ideas with others. “Only those who try the absurd (荒诞的事物) can achieve the impossible.” Sometimes it seems silly that you are taking risks. 5 When you go beyond what others think is reasonable, an amazing thing starts to happen. A．Imagination is the highest form of research. B．Here is people’s understanding of some of them. C．You are only certain about the moment that you have right now. D．Actually, you may be able to achieve the impossible. E．Think about the best teachers that you have had in your life. 五、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Yu Min was an important Chinese nuclear physicist (核物理学家) and was honored as “the father of Chinese Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)”. Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high school, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied at Peking University. In 1951, he became a scientist and began to study nuclear physics. In 1961, when Yu was given the work of researching the hydrogen bomb, he accepted it without thinking twice. For the next 28 years, his work remained secret (秘密的) and stayed hidden from the public. Even his family didn’t know his work. To develop China’s own hydrogen bomb quickly, Yu worked day and night. He guided his team to create a complete design after three months of hard work. After working in hard environments for years, his body became weak. But he never gave up. On October 16, 1964, China’s first atomic bomb exploded (原子弹爆炸) successfully. Later, on June 17, 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb exploded, making China the fastest country to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs, much quicker than the USA (7 years), France (8.5 years) or the UK (4.5 years). Yu came back to public view in 1999, receiving the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” Merit Award for his work, together with some other scientists such as Sun Jiadong, Qian Sanqiang, Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian. In 2015, Yu Min won the National Science and Technology Award. In January 2019, Yu Min died, leaving his deep love for the country. 1．Where was Yu Min born? 2．How long did Yu Min keep his work a secret? 3．When did China’s first atomic bomb explode? 4．Which country was the fastest to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs? 5．What can you learn from Yu Min? Have you ever stopped to think how much the world has changed because of a simple question? Every step forward in human history starts with someone asking “how”, “what” or “why”— and being curious is the driving force behind all progress. Curiosity is not just for kids, it’s the key to solving problems and saving lives. In the 18th century, smallpox was a deadly disease that killed millions. Dr Edward Jenner heard a local story: milkmaids who caught cowpox, an illness from cows, never got smallpox. Instead of taking it for granted (理所当然), he asked, “Why is this true?” and ran careful experiments for deeper understanding to test the idea. His curiosity led to the world’s first vaccine, which trains our body to fight diseases and has saved lots of lives ever since. Another example is penicillin (盘尼西林). In 1928, scientist Alexander Fleming returned from holiday and noticed something strange in his lab: mould (霉菌) in a dish had stopped bacteria from growing. Most people would have thrown the dish away, but Fleming asked, “What’s happening here?” He dug deeper into this unexpected observation and discovered penicillin, the world’s first antibiotic (抗生素) that still cures life-threatening illnesses today. Many students worry that asking questions makes them look silly. But the truth is, there are no silly questions. From childhood experiments to life-changing scientific discoveries, every step forward starts with curiosity. Never be afraid to ask “why”— it’s the first step to changing the world. 1．What did Dr Jenner’s curiosity finally lead to? 2．How were Jenner and Fleming similar when facing unusual facts? 3．Why do many students avoid asking questions? 4．What’s the key role of curiosity according to this passage? 5．What should we do when facing unknown things? 六、书面表达 1．中华民族从来都是一个勇敢且不乏英雄的民族。中国历史上有英雄，文学作品中有英雄，体育竞技赛上有英雄，日常生活中也有英雄。请你从下面第一个表格中选择其中一位英雄，并根据后面两个表格中的提示写一篇短文进行介绍。 提示： Hero: Monkey King Yuan Longping my teacher my mom Everyday life or Story or Achievement(s) Reasons: spirit ability influence 注意： （1）文中不得出现真实的校名和地名。 （2）词数80个左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．不论哪个时代，哪个行业，都会有永驻人心的英雄，因而诗人说：“英雄儿女耀千秋”。你的心中也一定有一位英雄，他也许是阅兵场上的军人，也许是攻克难题的科学家，也许是一位感动大家的普通人，亦或是你身边的守护者。请以“A Hero in My Heart”为题，写写你心中这位英雄的故事以及他 (她) 对你的影响。 1. 简单介绍这位英雄 (如姓名、所处时代等基本信息)； 2. 描述他/她的主要成就、贡献或故事； 3. 说明他/她身上哪些品质让你钦佩，以及对你产生了怎样的影响。 要求： 1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥； 3. 词数在100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 A Hero in My Heart When it comes to heroes, opinions are different from person to person. As for me, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $