Unit 3 Period 2 War on Plastic Packets（分层作业）英语北师大版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 以“War on Plastic Packets”为主题，采用A/B/C组+拓展分层设计，从词汇基础到语篇应用再到高考衔接，构建语言能力与思维品质协同发展的巩固路径。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（packet/consumer等）、基础语法（介词/词性转换）|单词拼写、单句语法填空，夯实语言基础，培养语言能力| |B组能力进阶|语篇语法应用（时态/非谓语/连词）|珊瑚礁保护主题语法填空，综合考查语法与语篇理解，提升思维品质| |C组思维拔高|跨文化阅读（环保艺术）、逻辑补全（健康饮食）|阅读理解+七选五，聚焦批判性思维与信息整合，涵养文化意识| |拓展链接高考|高考真题阅读（城市植树环保）|对接高考考点，强化应试能力与人类命运共同体意识|

Unit 3 Period 2 War on Plastic Packets 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、根据汉语提示写出英文单词 1. 小包，小盒 ________________ 2. 包装材料 ________________ 3. 消费者 ________________ 4. 浪费的 ________________ 5. 壳；贝壳 ________________ 6. 运输方式 ________________ 7. 现实的，实际的 ________________ 8. 创新的 ________________ 9. 焦虑的，不安的 ________________ 10. 委员会；理事会 ________________ 二、根据句意和汉语提示写出单词 1. As a wise ________ (消费者), she prefers products with less packaging. 2. The little girl found a beautiful white ________ (贝壳) on the beach. 3. It is ________ (浪费的) to throw away so many paper cartons. 4. The local ________ (委员会) will carry out a new‑energy plan next month. 5. She felt ________ (焦虑的) about the coming environmental speech competition. 6. We need more ________ (创新的) ways to cut down plastic waste. 三、单句语法填空 1. Many young people are aware of the harm ________ plastic packaging does to our planet. 2. The supermarket introduced a new policy, ________ aims to reduce wasteful shopping habits. 3. The local government encourages ________ (consume) to choose eco‑friendly goods. 4. The city has improved its public ________ (transport) system over the past two years. 5. Her ________ (anxious) about polluted ocean water influenced her daily life. 6. The art museum has a large ________ (collect) of works about environmental protection. 参考答案 一、1.packet 2.packaging 3.consumer 4.wasteful 5.shell 6.transportation 7.realistic 8.innovative 9.anxious 10.council 二、1.consumer 2.shell 3.wasteful 4.council 5.anxious 6.innovative 三、1.that / which 2.which 3.consumers 4.transportation 5.anxiety 6.collection 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 越来越多的人已经意识到过度包装带来的问题。 More and more people have ________________________ the problems caused by over‑packaging. 2. 科学家们着手寻找减少塑料垃圾的新方法。 The scientists ________________________ to find new ways to cut down plastic rubbish. 3. 你可以重复使用这些盒子而不是把它们扔掉。 You can ________________________ instead of throwing them away. 4. 政府将成立一个委员会来处理海洋污染问题。 The government will ________________________ to deal with ocean pollution. 5. 他为环保项目收集了一大批可重复使用的物品。 He ________________________ a large number of reusable items for the green project. 四、1.become aware of 2.set out 3.reuse these cartons 4.set up a council 5.has collected. 五、语法填空 （25-26高二下·广西贺州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Off the east coast of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, there 1 (be) a number of coral nurseries. Coral fragments (珊瑚碎片) collected from various places are raised here, and grown-up corals will 2 (transplant) to a damaged area of reef ecosystem, thus realizing reforestation under the sea. As part of a project 3 (joint) undertaken by Huawei and the Mauritian NGO EcoMode Society, 25,000 coral fragments were successfully raised and planted over an area of 1.01 square km. Mauritius has more than 150 km of coastline surrounded by coral reefs, 4 play a crucial role in the Earth’s ecology. However, the reef ecosystem faces 5 (variety) of threats, including climate change and pollution. Nadeem Nazurally, a marine scientist, recalled that raising coral used to be “long and troublesome.” Once 6 (leave) the site, they had no vision of what was happening underwater. For example, the crown-of-thorns starfish could eat up four square meters of young corals in a single night, only 7 (discover) the next day. Huawei set up underwater cameras, 5G technologies, and data cloud. “Now we can monitor from our office, even at night, and we can act in time,” Nadeem said. Thanks to these Chinese technologies, the 8 (efficient) of coral protection has greatly improved. “The project is 9 perfect example of how to combine technologies with ecosystem restoration. There is big potential for cooperation 10 China,” he added. 【答案】 1．are 2．be transplanted 3．jointly 4．which 5．varieties 6．leaving 7．to be discovered 8．efficiency 9．a 10．with 【导语】文章主要介绍了印度洋毛里求斯东海岸的珊瑚苗圃项目，华为与当地公益组织合作，借助5G、水下摄像、云数据等中国技术培育并移栽珊瑚，修复受损珊瑚礁生态，体现了中国科技助力海洋生态修复的国际合作成果。 1．考查谓语动词。句意：在印度洋毛里求斯东海岸外海，分布着许多珊瑚苗圃。本句为there be句型，空后a number of coral nurseries为复数名词概念，句子描述的是客观存在的现状，应用一般现在时，be动词用are。 2．考查被动语态。句意：从各地收集的珊瑚碎片在此培育，成熟后的珊瑚将被移栽至珊瑚礁生态受损区域，以此实现海底造林。主语grown-up corals和动词transplant之间是被动关系，意为“珊瑚被移植”；空格前有助动词will，后接“be + 过去分词”构成一般将来时的被动语态。 3．考查副词。句意：作为华为与毛里求斯非政府组织EcoMode Society联合开展项目的一部分，25000块珊瑚碎片培育成功并种植在1.01平方公里的海域内。空格修饰动词的过去分词undertaken，需用副词作状语，joint的副词形式为jointly，意为“联合地，共同地”。 4．考查定语从句。句意：毛里求斯拥有超150公里被珊瑚礁环绕的海岸线，珊瑚礁在地球生态中发挥至关重要的作用。空格引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为coral reefs，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 5．考查名词。句意：然而，珊瑚礁生态系统面临多种多样的威胁，包括气候变化与污染。varieties of是固定短语，表示“各种各样的”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦离开作业场地，工作人员就无法知晓水下的情况。状语从句中，如果从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，此句完整结构为Once they were leaving the site，省略they were，用现在分词leaving作条件状语。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，棘冠海星一夜之间就能吃光四平方米的珊瑚幼苗，这件事只能在第二天才被发现。句中已有谓语could eat up，此处应填非谓语形式；only后接不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，且前面整件事和discover构成被动关系，表示“被发现”，用不定式的被动结构to be discovered。 8．考查名词。句意：得益于这些中国技术，珊瑚保护的效率大幅提升。定冠词the后需接名词，efficient的名词形式为efficiency，此处为不可数名词，意为“效率”，在句中作主语。 9．考查冠词。句意：他补充道：“该项目是科技与生态修复相结合的一个绝佳范例。与中国的合作具备巨大潜力。”此处泛指“一个范例”，perfect以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 10．考查介词。句意：他补充道：“该项目是科技与生态修复相结合的一个绝佳范例。与中国的合作具备巨大潜力。”cooperation with sb. 是固定搭配，表示“与某人之间的合作”。 六、阅读理解 （26-27高三上·安徽蚌埠·开学考试）Brazilian artist and activist Mundano recently used some unusual substances to paint a picture on a building in Sao Paulo. The paint included materials, such as ash and mud, collected from natural disasters. The mural (壁画) is very large — over 30 meters high and 48 meters wide. The artist used ash from wildfires and mud from floods. His painting shows the gray remains of trees on brown land so dry it cracks. The picture represents the deforestation and severe drought in the Amazon rainforest. The mural also shows Indigenous activist Alessandra Korap wearing a circle of flowers around her head. She holds a sign that says: “Stop the destruction. Keep your promise.” The artist says those messages are directed to Cargill, a massive soybean producer based in the United States. Soy farming is one of the biggest causes of deforestation in the Amazon. Cargill says on its website that it will eliminate deforestation from its supply chain in Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay by 2025. Mundano is seeking to hold the company accountable. “We are tired of being a country, a continent where we and the natural resources we have here are exploited (开发) … We have to regenerate our planet instead of destroying it,” the artist said in an interview. Drought has caused a critical situation nationwide. Weather predictions show that this will continue in much of the country through at least the rest of October. On October 22, the depth of the Amazon’s Negro River measured 12.46 meters, representing a small increase from 10 days earlier. At that time, the river was at its lowest point since measurements started 122 years ago. And this last reported measure is still about 6 meters below normal for the same date in earlier years. Rivers in Brazil’s Amazon always rise and fall with its rainy and dry seasons. But the dry season this year has been much worse than usual. Mundano, who calls himself an “artivist” (a combination of artist and activist), used mud from that flood to create the new mural. The activist group Movement of People Affected by Dams collected the materials. Mundano also used ashes from Brazil’s fires in the Atlantic Forest, the Pantanal, and the Cerrado. He also used earth found in waste containers in Sao Paulo and clay collected from the Sawre Muybu Indigenous land in the Amazon, where Alessandra Korap is from. “From floods to droughts, everything is connected! Human activities such as cutting down rainforests are largely responsible for these terrible natural disasters. Therefore, we should take action to stop harming our environment right now.” Mundano said recently in an Instagram post. 1．Why did Mundano create the mural in Sao Paulo? A．To display the beauty of nature. B．To create a large-scale painting. C．To highlight the issue of climate disasters. D．To collect the remains from extreme-weather events. 2．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Track. B．Speed. C．Stop. D．Investigate. 3．Why does the writer give the example of Negro River? A．To show the serious drought this year. B．To introduce a famous river in Brazil. C．To illustrate the changes of river levels. D．To explain the reasons of climate change. 4．What does Mundano tell us to do in the last paragraph? A．Watch out for fires. B．Stop damaging rainforests. C．Exploit natural resources. D．Recycle unusual substances. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讲述巴西艺术家兼社会活动家Mundano，利用自然灾害遗留的灰烬、淤泥等材料创作大型壁画，揭露亚马逊雨林砍伐、极端干旱等气候灾害问题，督促企业履行环保承诺，呼吁人们停止破坏自然环境、保护地球生态。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The picture represents the deforestation and severe drought in the Amazon rainforest.(这幅壁画展现了亚马逊雨林的森林砍伐与严重干旱问题)”以及最后一段“Human activities such as cutting down rainforests are largely responsible for these terrible natural disasters.(砍伐雨林等人类活动是这些恶劣自然灾害的主要成因)”可知，Mundano创作壁画的目的是凸显气候灾害与生态破坏问题。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The artist says those messages are directed to Cargill, a massive soybean producer based in the United States. Soy farming is one of the biggest causes of deforestation in the Amazon.(这位艺术家说，这些信息是针对总部位于美国的大型大豆生产商嘉吉公司的。大豆种植是亚马逊雨林砍伐的主要原因之一)”和“Mundano is seeking to hold the company accountable.(Mundano正试图追究公司的责任。)”可知，商嘉吉公司被点出在亚马逊雨林砍伐中的责任，所以嘉吉公司承诺在供应链中杜绝森林砍伐行为。结合语境可判断eliminate意为“停止、杜绝”。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Drought has caused a critical situation nationwide...the river was at its lowest point since measurements started 122 years ago.(干旱已在全国造成严峻形势……该河水位创下122年有记录以来最低值)”可知，作者列举内格罗河水位数据，是为了直观印证今年巴西干旱灾情极其严重。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Human activities such as cutting down rainforests are largely responsible for these terrible natural disasters. Therefore, we should take action to stop harming our environment right now.(砍伐雨林等人类活动是这些可怕自然灾害的主要原因。因此，我们现在应该采取行动，停止破坏我们的环境)”可知，Mundano呼吁人们停止破坏雨林、保护生态环境。 七、七选五 （25-26高二下·江苏无锡·阶段检测）A recent report, published in The Lancet in 2025, found that more than half of the world’s population struggles to access healthy diets. This doesn’t just impact our health and well-being, but also has real consequences on our environment, with around 30% of all the greenhouse gasses we produce coming from our food systems. 1 Enter the planetary health diet (PHD) — a recommendation that can not only improve our health, but also reduce diet-related chronic disease, and potentially reduce the food-related emissions we make by an impressive 50% by 2050. 2 But what actually is the PHD? 3 It recommends at least five portions of fruit and veg a day, a portion of legumes, a portion of nuts, and plenty of whole grains. Animal products aren’t necessarily off the menu altogether, but it’s suggested that chicken, fish, and red meat play a much smaller role in your diet. It also suggests consuming seasonally available foods, with flexibility for different cultures centred around local dishes and produce. Why should we follow it? The environmental benefits of the PHD could be huge, purely from its reduction of animal-produce. It offers flexibility without requiring the full commitment of going meat-free. 4 It could prevent 11 million premature adult deaths every year, and is linked with reducing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and even cancer. How can we follow it? 5 The PHD isn’t about a huge diet transformation, but consistent small steps that make a massive impact. A simple way to begin is to adjust your plate division, eat a “rainbow” of fruit and veg, and gradually reduce daily meat consumption. Even following a few of its core ideas can bring great benefits for your health and the environment. A．It sounds like a win-win for both our own well-being and the world. B．Evidence reveals that it comes with notable health benefits, too. C．The PHD’s environmental benefits come fully from vegan principles (纯素原则). D．You don’t need to completely change your eating habits to follow the PHD． E．The PHD has become the most popular dietary trend in countries across the world. F．The PHD is centred around a plant-rich diet, but with a more flexible approach. G．These findings have set off alarm bells among health and environmental experts worldwide. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．D 【导语】文章主要介绍行星健康饮食（PHD）的诞生背景、具体饮食内容、遵循该饮食模式的双重好处以及践行它的具体方法。 1．由上文“A recent report, published in The Lancet in 2025, found that more than half of the world’s population struggles to access healthy diets. This doesn’t just impact our health and well-being, but also has real consequences on our environment, with around 30% of all the greenhouse gasses we produce coming from our food systems.(2025年发表在《柳叶刀》上的一份最新报告发现，全球超过一半的人口难以吃到健康饮食。这不仅会影响我们的身体健康状况，还会对环境产生切实负面影响，人类排放的全部温室气体中，约有30%来自各类粮食生产体系。)”可知，空格处需要承接前文这份报告的一系列严峻发现，自然引出下文行星健康饮食这一解决方案。G选项“These findings have set off alarm bells among health and environmental experts worldwide.(这些发现给世界各地的健康和环境领域专家敲响了警钟。)”能承接上文提出的问题，引起下文对策，该选项中“These findings”指代上文“found that”，“health and environmental”呼应上文“health and well-being”及“environment”、“greenhouse gasses”两大话题。 2．由上文“Enter the planetary health diet (PHD) — a recommendation that can not only improve our health, but also reduce diet-related chronic disease, and potentially reduce the food-related emissions we make by an impressive 50% by 2050.(行星健康饮食（PHD）应运而生——这一饮食建议不仅能改善我们的健康状况、减少饮食引发的慢性病，还有望在2050年前将饮食相关的排放量大幅降低50%。)”可知，本段介绍行星健康饮食的两大优势：健康效益与环保效益。A选项“It sounds like a win-win for both our own well-being and the world.(这对于我们自身健康和整个地球环境来说，听起来是一项双赢举措。)”是对上文健康、环保两项利好内容的总结概括，能收束本段内容，该选项中“own well-being and the world”对应上文“improve our health”、“reduce the food-related emissions”双重好处。 3．由下文“It recommends at least five portions of fruit and veg a day, a portion of legumes, a portion of nuts, and plenty of whole grains. Animal products aren’t necessarily off the menu altogether, but it’s suggested that chicken, fish, and red meat play a much smaller role in your diet. It also suggests consuming seasonally available foods, with flexibility for different cultures centred around local dishes and produce.(它建议每天至少摄入五份蔬果、一份豆类、一份坚果以及足量全谷物。动物性食物并非完全禁止食用，但建议鸡肉、鱼肉、红肉在饮食中的占比大幅降低。该饮食模式还提倡食用应季食材，可结合不同地域文化、本土特色菜肴与物产灵活调整。)”可知，本段详细介绍了饮食细则。F选项“The PHD is centred around a plant-rich diet, but with a more flexible approach.（行星健康饮食以富含植物的饮食为核心，但执行方式更加灵活。）”能总领整段，概括下文全部饮食细则，该选项中“plant-rich diet”对应下文“fruit and veg”、“legumes”、“nuts”、“whole grains”植物类主食；“flexible approach”呼应下文“seasonally available foods”、“flexibility for different cultures”因地制宜的灵活原则。 4．由上文“The environmental benefits of the PHD could be huge, purely from its reduction of animal-produce.(仅仅依靠减少肉制品摄入，行星健康饮食就能带来巨大的环境效益。)”以及下文“It could prevent 11 million premature adult deaths every year, and is linked with reducing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and even cancer.(它每年可避免1100万成年人过早死亡，有助于降低心血管疾病、糖尿病甚至癌症的发病概率。)”可知，空处需从环境优势转向健康优势，B选项“Evidence reveals that it comes with notable health benefits, too.(证据表明，它同时还具备十分显著的健康益处。)”能起到承上启下的过渡作用，该选项中“too”体现递进关系，承接上文 “environmental benefits”，“health benefits”对应下文“prevent 11 million premature adult deaths”、“reducing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and even cancer”。 5．由下文“The PHD isn’t about a huge diet transformation, but consistent small steps that make a massive impact.(行星健康饮食不需要大刀阔斧地彻底改变饮食结构，而是依靠长期坚持的微小改变，就能产生巨大效果。)”可知，本段说明践行该饮食要循序渐进、不必全盘改动饮食习惯。D选项“You don’t need to completely change your eating habits to follow the PHD.(想要遵循行星健康饮食，你不必彻底改变自己的饮食习惯。)”能总起本段，与下文呼应，该选项中“don’t need to completely change”同义替换下文“isn’t about a huge diet transformation”。 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We’re not going to go cutting down any big old oaks,” and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 1．What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A．They affect the growth of other trees. B．They absorb less carbon than expected. C．They harm people’s health indirectly. D．They raise the local temperature slowly. 2．Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A．Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B．Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C．Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D．Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 3．What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Honest about. B．Unaware of. C．Related to. D．Optimistic about. 4．What would Auyeung probably advocate? A．Reducing car use in daily life. B．Providing animals with new habitats. C．Controlling population growth. D．Doing more research on the problem. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍纽约市大力植树改善城市环境，但研究发现当地主流树种橡树和枫香树会释放异戊二烯，间接加剧臭氧污染、影响空气质量，相关部门也对此问题给出了应对态度与看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. (橡树和枫香树目前占该市树木的大多数，它们会产生大量名为异戊二烯的化学物质。异戊二烯本身无害，但会迅速与车辆、建筑和工业排放的污染性氮氧化物发生反应，形成地面臭氧——这是许多呼吸问题的主要因素。)”可知，橡树和枫香树释放的化学物质和污染物结合形成地面臭氧，而臭氧是引发多种呼吸疾病的主要因素，由此可知这类树木会间接危害人体健康。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. (如果该市在新种植的植物中保持以往的物种分布模式，未来几十年曼哈顿的异戊二烯产量将增加约140%，由此导致的夏季臭氧水平将上升多达30%。)”可知，Commane认为如果继续沿用以往的树种种植模式，未来异戊二烯和臭氧含量会大幅上升，再结合第四段Commane所说“But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse. (但如果我们不够谨慎，可能会使空气质量变得更差。)”可推断，她会建议更换新种植树木的品种。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线短语后文“A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. (几年前，该局的一些研究人员进行的一项研究得出结论，城市树木确实会释放异戊二烯。)”可知，公园部门并非没有意识到城市树木会释放异戊二烯这个问题。从而推知，画划线短语“oblivious to”意为“未觉察、不注意”，与B项“Unaware of”意思一致。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段Auyeung的话“We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle (只要我们反思以汽车为中心的生活方式，就可以随意种植树木)”可推知，她会提倡日常生活中减少汽车使用。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 2 War on Plastic Packets 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、根据汉语提示写出英文单词 1. 小包，小盒 ________________ 2. 包装材料 ________________ 3. 消费者 ________________ 4. 浪费的 ________________ 5. 壳；贝壳 ________________ 6. 运输方式 ________________ 7. 现实的，实际的 ________________ 8. 创新的 ________________ 9. 焦虑的，不安的 ________________ 10. 委员会；理事会 ________________ 二、根据句意和汉语提示写出单词 1. As a wise ________ (消费者), she prefers products with less packaging. 2. The little girl found a beautiful white ________ (贝壳) on the beach. 3. It is ________ (浪费的) to throw away so many paper cartons. 4. The local ________ (委员会) will carry out a new‑energy plan next month. 5. She felt ________ (焦虑的) about the coming environmental speech competition. 6. We need more ________ (创新的) ways to cut down plastic waste. 三、单句语法填空 1. Many young people are aware of the harm ________ plastic packaging does to our planet. 2. The supermarket introduced a new policy, ________ aims to reduce wasteful shopping habits. 3. The local government encourages ________ (consume) to choose eco‑friendly goods. 4. The city has improved its public ________ (transport) system over the past two years. 5. Her ________ (anxious) about polluted ocean water influenced her daily life. 6. The art museum has a large ________ (collect) of works about environmental protection. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 越来越多的人已经意识到过度包装带来的问题。 More and more people have ________________________ the problems caused by over‑packaging. 2. 科学家们着手寻找减少塑料垃圾的新方法。 The scientists ________________________ to find new ways to cut down plastic rubbish. 3. 你可以重复使用这些盒子而不是把它们扔掉。 You can ________________________ instead of throwing them away. 4. 政府将成立一个委员会来处理海洋污染问题。 The government will ________________________ to deal with ocean pollution. 5. 他为环保项目收集了一大批可重复使用的物品。 He ________________________ a large number of reusable items for the green project. 五、语法填空 （25-26高二下·广西贺州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Off the east coast of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, there 1 (be) a number of coral nurseries. Coral fragments (珊瑚碎片) collected from various places are raised here, and grown-up corals will 2 (transplant) to a damaged area of reef ecosystem, thus realizing reforestation under the sea. As part of a project 3 (joint) undertaken by Huawei and the Mauritian NGO EcoMode Society, 25,000 coral fragments were successfully raised and planted over an area of 1.01 square km. Mauritius has more than 150 km of coastline surrounded by coral reefs, 4 play a crucial role in the Earth’s ecology. However, the reef ecosystem faces 5 (variety) of threats, including climate change and pollution. Nadeem Nazurally, a marine scientist, recalled that raising coral used to be “long and troublesome.” Once 6 (leave) the site, they had no vision of what was happening underwater. For example, the crown-of-thorns starfish could eat up four square meters of young corals in a single night, only 7 (discover) the next day. Huawei set up underwater cameras, 5G technologies, and data cloud. “Now we can monitor from our office, even at night, and we can act in time,” Nadeem said. Thanks to these Chinese technologies, the 8 (efficient) of coral protection has greatly improved. “The project is 9 perfect example of how to combine technologies with ecosystem restoration. There is big potential for cooperation 10 China,” he added. 六、阅读理解 （26-27高三上·安徽蚌埠·开学考试）Brazilian artist and activist Mundano recently used some unusual substances to paint a picture on a building in Sao Paulo. The paint included materials, such as ash and mud, collected from natural disasters. The mural (壁画) is very large — over 30 meters high and 48 meters wide. The artist used ash from wildfires and mud from floods. His painting shows the gray remains of trees on brown land so dry it cracks. The picture represents the deforestation and severe drought in the Amazon rainforest. The mural also shows Indigenous activist Alessandra Korap wearing a circle of flowers around her head. She holds a sign that says: “Stop the destruction. Keep your promise.” The artist says those messages are directed to Cargill, a massive soybean producer based in the United States. Soy farming is one of the biggest causes of deforestation in the Amazon. Cargill says on its website that it will eliminate deforestation from its supply chain in Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay by 2025. Mundano is seeking to hold the company accountable. “We are tired of being a country, a continent where we and the natural resources we have here are exploited (开发) … We have to regenerate our planet instead of destroying it,” the artist said in an interview. Drought has caused a critical situation nationwide. Weather predictions show that this will continue in much of the country through at least the rest of October. On October 22, the depth of the Amazon’s Negro River measured 12.46 meters, representing a small increase from 10 days earlier. At that time, the river was at its lowest point since measurements started 122 years ago. And this last reported measure is still about 6 meters below normal for the same date in earlier years. Rivers in Brazil’s Amazon always rise and fall with its rainy and dry seasons. But the dry season this year has been much worse than usual. Mundano, who calls himself an “artivist” (a combination of artist and activist), used mud from that flood to create the new mural. The activist group Movement of People Affected by Dams collected the materials. Mundano also used ashes from Brazil’s fires in the Atlantic Forest, the Pantanal, and the Cerrado. He also used earth found in waste containers in Sao Paulo and clay collected from the Sawre Muybu Indigenous land in the Amazon, where Alessandra Korap is from. “From floods to droughts, everything is connected! Human activities such as cutting down rainforests are largely responsible for these terrible natural disasters. Therefore, we should take action to stop harming our environment right now.” Mundano said recently in an Instagram post. 1．Why did Mundano create the mural in Sao Paulo? A．To display the beauty of nature. B．To create a large-scale painting. C．To highlight the issue of climate disasters. D．To collect the remains from extreme-weather events. 2．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Track. B．Speed. C．Stop. D．Investigate. 3．Why does the writer give the example of Negro River? A．To show the serious drought this year. B．To introduce a famous river in Brazil. C．To illustrate the changes of river levels. D．To explain the reasons of climate change. 4．What does Mundano tell us to do in the last paragraph? A．Watch out for fires. B．Stop damaging rainforests. C．Exploit natural resources. D．Recycle unusual substances. 七、七选五 （25-26高二下·江苏无锡·阶段检测）A recent report, published in The Lancet in 2025, found that more than half of the world’s population struggles to access healthy diets. This doesn’t just impact our health and well-being, but also has real consequences on our environment, with around 30% of all the greenhouse gasses we produce coming from our food systems. 1 Enter the planetary health diet (PHD) — a recommendation that can not only improve our health, but also reduce diet-related chronic disease, and potentially reduce the food-related emissions we make by an impressive 50% by 2050. 2 But what actually is the PHD? 3 It recommends at least five portions of fruit and veg a day, a portion of legumes, a portion of nuts, and plenty of whole grains. Animal products aren’t necessarily off the menu altogether, but it’s suggested that chicken, fish, and red meat play a much smaller role in your diet. It also suggests consuming seasonally available foods, with flexibility for different cultures centred around local dishes and produce. Why should we follow it? The environmental benefits of the PHD could be huge, purely from its reduction of animal-produce. It offers flexibility without requiring the full commitment of going meat-free. 4 It could prevent 11 million premature adult deaths every year, and is linked with reducing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and even cancer. How can we follow it? 5 The PHD isn’t about a huge diet transformation, but consistent small steps that make a massive impact. A simple way to begin is to adjust your plate division, eat a “rainbow” of fruit and veg, and gradually reduce daily meat consumption. Even following a few of its core ideas can bring great benefits for your health and the environment. A．It sounds like a win-win for both our own well-being and the world. B．Evidence reveals that it comes with notable health benefits, too. C．The PHD’s environmental benefits come fully from vegan principles (纯素原则). D．You don’t need to completely change your eating habits to follow the PHD． E．The PHD has become the most popular dietary trend in countries across the world. F．The PHD is centred around a plant-rich diet, but with a more flexible approach. G．These findings have set off alarm bells among health and environmental experts worldwide. （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city’s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we’re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” The Parks Department is not oblivious to the issue. A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded that city trees did release isoprene. “We didn’t make a big deal of that,” said Novem Auyeung, a Parks Department senior scientist. She said trees should not be viewed as the enemy. “We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle,” she said. “We’re not going to go cutting down any big old oaks,” and neither will the department completely stop planting new ones, said Auyeung. “You have to think about what you would lose if you do that.” Oaks are keystone species, she pointed out, providing food and habitat for native insects, birds and other animals. 1．What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A．They affect the growth of other trees. B．They absorb less carbon than expected. C．They harm people’s health indirectly. D．They raise the local temperature slowly. 2．Which of the following may Commane suggest based on their study? A．Cutting down the isoprene-producing trees. B．Suspending tree-planting for a few decades. C．Changing the species of trees in new plantings. D．Removing isoprene released by existing trees. 3．What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Honest about. B．Unaware of. C．Related to. D．Optimistic about. 4．What would Auyeung probably advocate? A．Reducing car use in daily life. B．Providing animals with new habitats. C．Controlling population growth. D．Doing more research on the problem. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $