第一次月考复习之阅读理解议论文15篇（江苏专用）-2026-2027学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦社会热点议论文阅读，通过15篇贴近现实话题的文本训练，系统培养学生辩证思维与语言理解能力，契合核心素养中思维品质与文化意识的培育需求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |议论文阅读综合训练|15篇（如AI翻译与外语学习、数字排毒旅行等）|以主旨概括、推理判断、观点态度题为主，注重文本深层逻辑分析|话题涵盖科技、环保、社会现象等，遵循“提出观点-辩证分析-得出结论”逻辑链条，引导学生理解议论文论证结构与作者立场|

第一次月考复习之阅读理解议论文15篇 （江苏专用） 篇目 核心话题 文章主旨概括 Passage 1 人工智能翻译与外语学习 批判过度依赖 AI 翻译工具，指出放弃外语学习会使人丢失人类独有的本性与生命活力。 Passage 2 数字排毒旅行 介绍 “数字排毒” 的潮流，辩证分析断网旅行的利弊，提出改善人与科技长期关系才是治本之策。 Passage 3 老建筑的环保价值 论述老旧建筑拥有不可替代的绿色价值，呼吁社会优先保护、再利用现存老建筑。 Passage 4 米其林星级的双刃剑效应 研究表明获得米其林星级会给餐厅带来经营风险，建议餐厅结合自身发展目标选择是否冲击奖项。 Passage 5 熟悉性心理效应 讲解 “单纯曝光效应” 对决策的影响，反对彻底跳出舒适区，主张循序渐进拓展自己的熟悉范围。 Passage 6 人格测试的价值 以 MBTI 人格测试为例，讨论性格先天稳定性，提出人格测试可以帮助人们认清真实自我。 Passage 7 网红经济 客观分析网红带货营销模式的优势、潜在风险，建议品牌出台规范，理性利用网红资源。 Passage 8 从众行为 以旅游选餐厅为例剖析从众效应，对比 “群体智慧” 与 “信息瀑布”，揭示盲目跟风的隐患。 Passage 9 AI 复刻逝者 由实例引出 AI “复活” 逝者这一新技术，分析其心理隐患，呼吁尽快建立行业监管与伦理准则。 Passage 10 媒介技术革新 回顾印刷术、早期影视等历史，论证每一轮媒介革命都会同时催生大量低质内容和传世经典。 Passage 11 工时与工作效率 反思以工作时长评判员工价值的旧观念，介绍四天工作制，倡导以工作实效代替时长内卷。 Passage 12 公共场合视频噪音污染 批判城市公交、楼宇大厅强制播放视频广告制造噪音，呼吁公共交通还给乘客安静的环境。 Passage 13 人工智能进校园的争议 辩证探讨 AI 运用于教育的利与弊，提出人工智能是一把双刃剑，需要在监管之下合理使用。 Passage 14 艺术和科技的关系 讲述艺术与科技长期相互影响，讨论 AI 艺术是否属于真正的艺术，对二者融合前景持乐观态度。 Passage 15 英语使用者身份探讨 以诗人经历引出 “母语者标准” 争议，提出英语属于全体使用者，应当包容多元化、创造性的语言表达。 Passage 1 Today’s AI technology allows people of different cultures to communicate instantly and effortlessly with one another. We have Google Translate. We have DeepL. We have ChatGPT and so on. Today it’s a piece of cake to send an email in a tongue you don’t know a word of. You just click on “Translate” and presto! Wow! Isn’t the soon-to-arrive world where everyone can effortlessly speak every language just glorious? In fact, I see this as a great tragedy. I see it as the beginning of the end of the age-old tradition of learning foreign languages. Speaking any language, for me, is a living, dynamic process that is surrounded by my own unique humanness, with all its weaknesses and strengths. When I speak any language, I am always searching for the most appropriate word or idiom, frequently hesitating; constantly joking by playing with ambiguity; having fun by putting on droll accents; etc. How is all of this wildly bubbling richness in Language a going to be mirrored in real time in Language B by a mechanical device that has nothing of those qualities driving it, that has no sense of humor, that has no understanding of irony (讽刺) or self-mockery, that has no awareness of how phrases are unconsciously blended, and so on? For me, using a language is the very essence of being human. Through my word choices and tiny hesitations, I am revealing who I am. Today, though, it strikes me as possible that humans are collectively going to give in and throw in the towel as far as foreign languages are concerned. Are we language users going to hand over all engagement with other tongues to chatbots? If everything we might ever wish for is just handed to us for free on a silver platter, then what, I wonder, is the purpose of living? When children first hear the sounds of another language, they can’t help but wonder: What in the world would it feel like to speak that language? Such eager childlike curiosity might seem irrepressible. But what if that human curiosity is suddenly snuffed out forever by AI When we collectively abandon the age-old challenge of learning the languages of other lands, when we give up that challenge to ultrarapid machines, then we will have lost a major part of what it is to be human and alive. 1．Why does the author list examples of AI translation tools? A．To showcase the convenience modern technology has brought. B．To introduce the topic and set up the opposing view for criticism. C．To prove the unnecessary nature of present multilingual communication. D．To compare their efficiency with challenges of human language learning. 2．What can be inferred from the underlined sentences in paragraph 2? A．AI translation can’t provide appropriate word or idiom. B．Only humans can communicate efficiently in languages. C．Human language use is a complex and personal process. D．Humor and self-mockery are difficult to translate accurately. 3．The author’s series of questions in paragraph 3 are intended to ________. A．demonstrate the superiority of human communication B．encourage the reflection on the value of active engagement C．explain life’s purpose of pursuing technological advancement D．show purposeless existence of human without foreign language learning 4．Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Children’s curiosity is the driving force for language learning. B．AI has brought more convenience to language communication. C．The traditional way of learning foreign languages must be reformed. D．Humans’ nature and vitality may suffer due to ultrarapid machines now. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对AI翻译工具普及导致人类放弃外语学习传统、丧失人性本质的担忧与批判，强调主动学习外语对保持人类生命活力的重要性。 1．推理判断题。 根据第一段中“Today’s AI technology allows people of different cultures to communicate instantly and effortlessly with one another.(如今的AI技术让不同文化背景的人能够即时、轻松地相互交流)”和“In fact, I see this as a great tragedy. I see it as the beginning of the end of the age-old tradition of learning foreign languages.(事实上，我认为这是一场巨大的悲剧。我认为这是学习外语这一古老传统走向终结的开始)”可知，作者列举AI翻译工具的例子是为了引出话题并设立对立观点以便批判。故选B。 2．推理判断题。 根据第二段“Speaking any language, for me, is a living, dynamic process that is surrounded by my own unique humanness, with all its weaknesses and strengths.When I speak any language, I am always searching for the most appropriate word or idiom, frequently hesitating; constantly joking by playing with ambiguity; having fun by putting on droll accents; etc. How is all of this wildly bubbling richness in Language a going to be mirrored in real time in Language B by a mechanical device that has nothing of those qualities driving it, that has no sense of humor, that has no understanding of irony (讽刺) or self-mockery, that has no awareness of how phrases are unconsciously blended, and so on?(对我来说，说任何一种语言都是一个生动的、充满活力的过程，它被我自己独特的人性所包围，既有弱点也有优点。当我说任何语言时，我总在寻找最恰当的词语或习语，频繁犹豫；不断利用歧义开玩笑；通过模仿滑稽口音取乐等等。这些语言中丰富的动态变化，如何能被一个没有这些特质、没有幽默感、不懂讽刺或自嘲、不了解短语如何无意识融合的机械装置实时转化为另一种语言呢？)”可知，从第二段划线句子可以推断出人类语言使用是一个复杂且个人化的过程。故选C。 3．推理判断题。 根据第三段中“If everything we might ever wish for is just handed to us for free on a silver platter, then what, I wonder, is the purpose of living?(如果我们想要的一切都免费地摆在我们面前，那么我想问，生活的目的是什么？)”可知，作者在第三段中的一系列问题旨在鼓励人们反思积极参与的价值。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。 根据最后一段中“But what if that human curiosity is suddenly snuffed out forever by AI? When we collectively abandon the age-old challenge of learning the languages of other lands, when we give up that challenge to ultrarapid machines, then we will have lost a major part of what it is to be human and alive.(但是，如果人类的好奇心突然被人工智能永远扼杀了呢？当我们集体放弃学习其他国家语言的古老挑战，当我们把这一挑战交给超高速机器时，我们就将失去作为人类和活着的人的一大部分)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了由于超高速机器的出现，人类的本性和活力可能会受到影响。故选D。 Passage 2 In 2024, the term “brain rot (脑腐)” gained popularity on social media as it reflected concerns about the overconsumption (过度消费) of low-quality online content. The widespread use of the term highlighted the harmful effects of Internet addiction, driving a travel trend known as “digital detox (排毒)”. In fact, digital detox isn’t a new concept. Brown University defines it as a set period during which people avoid using electronic devices. Due to growing interest in taking a break from technology while on vacation, tour operators are now offering digital detox trips, where travelers choose an Internet-free environment.When such a trip begins, travelers lock their devices in a storage box and only get them back at the end. Travelers who have joined digital detox trips confirm the various benefits of going phone-free. Without that distraction, the experience feels so much richer because they’re just immersed in (沉浸于) it, However, tech-free travel hasn’t yet become popular, as many people are still concerned about shutting off their devices completely. That concern makes sense. In an age when life and technology are more connected than ever, a full digital detox may not be realistic for most people. “Technology is very much a part of us now. We bank with an app, read restaurant menus on phones and even sweat with exercise instructors through a screen,” consultant Emily Cherkin told the BBC． While a digital detox is meant to reduce stress, shutting down devices may actually cause more anxiety. Rather than avoiding phones altogether, experts suggest a more realistic way to address Internet addiction. For those who can’t completely step away from screens, using screen-time tracking apps may help encourage more mindful phone habits. Ultimately, our focus should be on improving our long-term relationship with technology rather than depending on the digital detox industry as a short-term solution,lifestyle magazine Dazed commented. 1．Why does the author talk about the term “brain rot” in paragraph 1? A．To show the harmful effects of Internet addiction. B．To criticize the overconsumption of online content. C．To give an example of words popular on social media. D．To introduce a travel trend aimed at Internet addiction. 2．What can we know about “digital detox” from the text? A．It is a long-term solution to phone addiction. B．It means traveling without a cell phone in hand. C．It is bound to become very popular in the future. D．It has a strong practical significance to popularize. 3．What does the fourth paragraph focus on? A．Why travelers are right to be worried. B．Why technology is a part of our lives. C．Why a digital detox is meant to reduce stress. D．Why it’s necessary to turn off electronic devices. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What are the benefits of being phone-free? B．Can we really avoid using electronic devices? C．Can digital detox trips really improve mental health? D．Why the term “brain rot” has become popular nowadays? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。2024年，“脑腐”一词的广泛使用凸显了网瘾的有害影响，推动了一种被称为“数字排毒”的旅行趋势。但是这种旅行功效究竟如何呢？ 1．推理判断题。根据文章话题是“数字排毒”的旅行以及第一段中“The widespread use of the term highlighted the harmful effects of Internet addiction, driving a travel trend known as “digital detox(排毒)”.(这个词的广泛使用凸显了网瘾的有害影响，推动了一种被称为“数字排毒”的旅行趋势)”可知，作者在第一段中谈到“脑腐”这个词是为了介绍一种针对网瘾的旅游趋势。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, digital detox isn’t a new concept. Brown University defines it as a set period during which people avoid using electronic devices.(事实上，数字排毒并不是一个新概念。布朗大学将其定义为人们避免使用电子设备的一段时间)”可知，digital detox意味着旅行时不带手机。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，尤其是本段首句“That concern makes sense.(这种担忧不无道理)”可知，本段的重点是为什么旅行者的担心是正确的。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。第一段中“The widespread use of the term highlighted the harmful effects of Internet addiction, driving a travel trend known as ‘digital detox(排毒)’.(这个词的广泛使用凸显了网瘾的有害影响，推动了一种被称为‘数字排毒’的旅行趋势)”讲“脑腐”这个词的广泛使用凸显了网瘾的有害影响，推动了一种被称为“数字排毒”的旅行趋势，倒数第二段中“While a digital detox is meant to reduce stress, shutting down devices may actually cause more anxiety.(虽然电子排毒是为了减轻压力，但关闭电子设备实际上可能会导致更多的焦虑)”讲“虽然数字排毒旅行是为了减轻压力，但关闭电子设备实际上可能会导致更多的焦虑”，最后一段中“Ultimately, our focus should be on improving our long-term relationship with technology rather than depending on the digital detox industry as a short-term solution, lifestyle magazine Dazed commented.(生活杂志Dazed评论道，最终，我们的重点应该是改善我们与技术的长期关系，而不是依赖于数字排毒行业作为短期解决方案)”讲“最终，我们的重点应该是改善我们与技术的长期关系，而不是依赖于数字排毒行业作为短期解决方案”，故而，以“数字排毒之旅真的能改善心理健康吗？”为标题是很恰当的。故选C。 Passage 3 Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings. Actually, in fact, keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally-sound things we can do—more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be “green”. Aged communities, which have developed and changed organically over an extended period, possess unique cultures of their own. The buildings within them are irreplaceable to the environment. Opting not to sustain such architectures essentially is like sentencing a special community to disappearance. Building “green” can be about preserving time-honored, local building traditions that respect regional cultures, rather than just using the latest and greatest technologies. The building materials and craftsmanship (工艺) are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction (开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development. As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization (使用) of pre-existing buildings and communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas for novel construction undertakings. As Carl Elefante of Quinn-Evans Architects brilliantly said, “The greenest building is one that is already built.” Hopefully, the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention. 1．How do most people deal with old buildings? A．They treat them lightly. B．They treasure them heartily. C．They explore them fully. D．They restore them actively. 2．Why does the author mention his little river cottage in Paragraph 3? A．To explain the complexity of building houses. B．To demonstrate the shortage of building materials. C．To display the attachment to the old constructions. D．To highlight the virtue of keeping old constructions. 3．What do the data in Paragraph 4 imply about old buildings? A．They are more efficient than the new buildings. B．They can help avoid more environmental pollution. C．They can clear away the bad effects on farms nearby. D．They consumed less energy in the construction process. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Culture values lie in green buildings. B．Old buildings are environment-friendly. C．Old constructions should be given priority. D．Building craftsmanship should be respected. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了旧建筑具有“绿色”价值，强调保留和利用旧建筑、社区的必要性，呼吁人们重视现存建筑。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings.(旧建筑往往被视为废弃物，适合被拆除。大多数人尚未充分认识到与维护现有建筑相关的“绿色”价值)”可知，大多数人轻视旧建筑，随意对待它们。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The building materials and craftsmanship (工艺) are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction (开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development.(建筑材料和工艺也应该得到尊重，这不仅仅是因为它们的提取、运输和生产的环境成本，而是因为其中一些材料和相关的工艺将不复存在的现实。我在西弗吉尼亚州的小河边小屋，是用栗子树灭绝之前那个时期的栗子木建造的，这种材料可能再也无法获得了。然而，潜在的买家计划把它拆掉，在我看来，这不仅是对材料的不尊重，也违背了可持续发展的理念)”中先提出“建筑材料和工艺应该得到尊重，因为其中一些材料和相关的工艺将不复存在”这一观点，然后以作者自己的小屋为例，说明把它拆除后其材料可能再也无法获得了。由此推知，作者在提到他的小河边小屋是为了强调保留旧建筑的好处和价值，即保留可能再也无法获得的建筑材料和工艺。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization (使用) of pre existing buildings and communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas for novel construction undertakings.(正如保护绿色实验室的报告所示，一座比普通现有建筑效率高30%的新建筑需要10到80年的时间才能克服与建设相关的负面气候变化后果，这强调了持续利用现有建筑和社区的必要性，有效防止或减少为新建设项目而对森林、农场、野生动物栖息地和开放区域的利用)”可知，数据表明，新建筑需要10到80年的时间才能克服与建设相关的负面气候变化后果，所以它们暗示了旧建筑能避免更多因新建筑建设带来的环境污染。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Actually, in fact, keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally sound things we can do — more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be “green”.(事实上，保留和利用旧建筑是我们能做的最环保的事情之一——比任何声称是 “绿色”的新建筑的建设都更环保)”和最后一段“As Carl Elefante of Quinn Evans Architects brilliantly said, “The greenest building is one that is already built.” Hopefully, the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention.(正如奎因埃文斯建筑师事务所的卡尔·埃莱凡特所说： “最环保的建筑是已经建成的建筑。”希望公众能达成一致意见，即现存的建筑值得更多的关心和关注)”可知，文章主要介绍了旧建筑具有重要价值，应该优先考虑保留和利用旧建筑。故选C项。 Passage 4 The twelve new restaurants added to the New York Michelin Guide this month will be casting their success. Being included in the handbook is the first step towards receiving a Michelin star, the most desirable award in the cuisine industry. Yet according to a study recently published in the Strategic Management Journal, restaurants might be better off remaining starless. Daniel Sands of University College London’s school of management tracked the fortunes of restaurants that opened in New York in 2000 – 2014 and won the honor of being included in the guide. He found that, of this promising group, restaurants which went on to get a Michelin star were more likely to close down in the years that followed than those which did not. The relationship remained even when factors such as location, price and type of cuisine were taken into account. All considered, 40% of restaurants awarded Michelin stars in 2005 – 2014 had closed by the end of 2019. A Michelin star boosts publicity: the study found that Google search rose by over a third for newly-starred restaurants. But that fame comes at a price. First, Mr. Sands argues, the restaurants’ customers change. Being the focus of public attention raises diners’ expectations and brings in tourists from farther away. Meeting guests’ greater demands adds to new costs. Second, businesses the restaurants deal with, such as ingredient suppliers and landlords, use the opportunity to charge more. Food is not the only industry where awards are a mixed blessing. Several studies have shown that companies run by award-winning bosses underachieve relative both to their previous performance and to their opponents. In publishing, too, awards bring disaster. Prize-winning books are reviewed more severely than before their success, and worse than runners-up. For restaurants that are in the industry for the glory, Michelin’s top award will probably remain too inviting not to pursue. But for those simply wanting to stay in business, it may be safer to not quite meet the criterion. 1．What can be learned about winning a Michelin star from paragraph 1? A．It does not necessarily benefit winners. B．It has not been fully appreciated. C．It leads to being included in the guide. D．It is a huge success worth celebrating. 2．What is true about the restaurants researched by Daniel? A．40% of them suffered close down by the end of 2019. B．They have been in business for at least two decades. C．All of them were New York-based establishments. D．Some went out of business due to the unfavorable location. 3．What does the author intend to show by mentioning prize-winning books? A．Critics review them unfairly. B．Runners-up are better written. C．Competition in publishing is fierce. D．Fame seldom comes without a price. 4．What’s the author’s suggestion for restaurants? A．Pursue the top award at all costs. B．Be aware of the potential danger. C．Decide based on their own needs. D．Follow suit in the cuisine business. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了获得米其林星级对餐厅的影响，指出虽然米其林星级能带来知名度和关注，但也可能带来更高的成本和经营压力，甚至导致餐厅倒闭。文章通过研究数据和行业类比，建议餐厅根据自身需求决定是否追求这一荣誉。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Yet according to a study recently published in the Strategic Management Journal, restaurants might be better off remaining starless.(然而，根据《战略管理杂志》最近发表的一项研究，餐厅可能更适合保持无星级状态)”可知，获得米其林星级并不一定对餐厅有利。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Daniel Sands of University College London’s school of management tracked the fortunes of restaurants that opened in New York in 2000 – 2014 and won the honor of being included in the guide.(伦敦大学学院管理学院的丹尼尔・桑兹追踪了2000至2014年在纽约开业并获得被列入指南殊荣的餐厅的命运)”可知，Daniel研究的餐厅都是纽约的餐厅。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In publishing, too, awards bring disaster. Prize-winning books are reviewed more severely than before their success, and worse than runners-up.(在出版行业，奖项也会带来灾难。获奖书籍在成功后受到的评论比之前更严苛，甚至比未获奖的作品更差)”可推知，作者通过提及获奖书籍，是想说明名声往往是有代价的。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For restaurants that are in the industry for the glory, Michelin’s top award will probably remain too inviting not to pursue. But for those simply wanting to stay in business, it may be safer to not quite meet the criterion.(对于那些投身餐饮行业是为了追求荣耀的餐厅来说，米其林的顶级奖项或许依旧极具吸引力，令人难以抗拒。但对于那些仅仅想维持经营的餐厅而言，不完全达到获奖标准可能更为稳妥)”可推知，作者建议餐厅根据自己的需求来决定是否追求米其林星级。故选C。 Passage 5 Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones. It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar choices as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships. It’s easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams. But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a substantial dramatic (巨大而突然的) swing that we don’t feel ready for. Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration is complete exposure to novelty (新奇的事物). While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout. So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is something we can learn to play with and enjoy. It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion. We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lives to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable alternatives. 1．What allows insurance companies to charge old customers more? A．The familiarity principle. B．The advertising cost. C．The improved service. D．The law of the market. 2．What can be learned from paragraph 2? A．Our preferences affect our decisions. B．There can be a mismatch between desires and actions. C．The familiarity principle is a double-edged sword. D．Familiarity tends to generate disrespect. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the solution in some articles? A．Objective. B．Favorable. C．Disapproving. D．Tolerant. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Gently Expand Your Familiarity Zone B．Step Out Of Your Familiarity Zone C．Spare A Thought For Your Preference D．Give Priority To The Mere Exposure Effect 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，并提出了一种平衡的观点来看待这个原则，而不是将其视为阻碍，作者建议我们可以通过逐步扩展熟悉区域来利用这一原则来促进创造性和成长。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累。因此，除非我们有糟糕的经历，否则我们很可能会从我们已经习惯的公司购买股票。这就是为什么公司在广告和营销上花那么多钱，为什么保险公司公开向现有客户收取比新客户更高的费用)”可知，熟悉原则让保险公司向老客户收取更多费用。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar choices as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships.(这并不是说我们只想要已知的东西。一些研究表明，当被邀请分享我们的偏好时，我们有时会认为不太熟悉的选择更可取。但当我们按照这种偏好行事时，我们又回到了我们所知道的。这也许可以解释为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配。我们甚至可能回到过去对我们不好的公司，或者保持糟糕的关系)”可知，本段解释了为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配，也就是说有时候我们的欲望和行动可能不匹配。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout.(虽然这在短期内看起来是有效的，但我们最终可能只是用一个问题代替另一个问题。它也有让人不堪重负和精疲力竭的风险。)”可知，这段话表明作者对文章中提出的解决方案持反对态度，认为这种解决方案可能只是暂时有效，而且可能带来新的问题和风险。因此，作者的态度是反对的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累)”以及最后一段“We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lives to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable alternatives.(我们可以一点一点地扩大熟悉的范围。如果我们认为熟悉是一种可以扩展的东西，我们可以考虑改变我们谎言内部和周围的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，让它生根发芽。从这里开始，我们将开始从不断加深的有价值的选择中做出决定)”可知，文章主要讨论了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，以及如何利用这一原则进行创新和拓展。文章强调了我们可以逐步扩大熟悉的范围，通过改变生活中的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，使其能够生根并温和地成长。因此，选项A“慢慢扩大你的熟悉范围”最能概括文章的主题。故选A。 Passage 6 Finding the Real You Psychometric testing — personality testing — has been very popular nowadays as studies show their results to be three times more accurate in predicting your job performance. These tests are now included in almost all graduate recruitment (招聘) and are widely used in the selection of managers. The most popular of these personality tests is the Myers­Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). It is based on the theory that we are born with a tendency to one personality type which stays more or less fixed throughout life. You answer 88 questions and are then given your “type”, such as Outgoing or Quiet, Feeling or Thinking. Critics of personality testing raise doubts about “social engineering”. Psychologist Dr.Colin Gill warns that the “popular” personality traits (特性) have their disadvantages. “People who are extremely open to new experiences can be butterflies, going from one idea to the next without mastering any of them.” However, the psychometric test is here to stay, which may be why a whole sub­industry on cheating personality tests has sprung up. “It’s possible to cheat,” admits Gill, “but having to pretend to be the person you are at work will be tiring and unhappy and probably short­lived.” So can we change our personality? “Your basic personality is fixed by the time you’re 21,” says Gill, “but it can be affected by motivation and intelligence. If you didn’t have the personality type to be a doctor but desperately wanted to be one and were intelligent enough to master the skills, you could still go ahead. But trying to go too much against type for too long requires much energy and is actually to be suffered for long. I think it’s why we’re seeing this trend for downshifting — too many people trying to fit in to a type that they aren’t really suited for.” Our interest in personality now exists in every part of our lives. If you ask an expert for advice on anything, you’ll probably be quizzed about your personality. But if personality tests have any value to us, perhaps it is to free us from the idea that all of us are full of potential, and remind us of what we are. As they say in one test when they ask for your age: pick the one you are, not the one you wish you were. 1．The Myers­Briggs Type Indicator is based on the belief that ________. A．personality is largely decided from birth B．certain personality traits are common C．some personality types are better than others D．personality traits are various from time to time 2．According to Dr. Gill, what is the problem with personality tests? A．The results could be opposite to what employers want. B．People can easily lie about their true abilities. C．Employers often find the results unclear. D．They may have a negative effect on takers. 3．In Dr. Gill’s view, how easy is it to change your personality? A．It’s possible in your adult life. B．It’s easy if you have great motivation. C．It’s unlikely because it requires much energy. D．It’s difficult before the age of 21. 4．What final conclusion does the author reach about the value of personality tests? A．They are of doubtful value to employers. B．They are not really worth doing. C．They can strengthen the idea we have of our abilities. D．They may encourage greater realism. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以受欢迎的“人格测试”为话题进行了讨论。人格测试的理论在于人格是从生下来的时候就基本确定了，因此，这种测试被用来作为招聘手段。然而，有人持反对意见，其原因在于测试有作弊的嫌疑。其次，想要改变成为“受欢迎”的性格也是很难的。作者总结这一人格测试的价值在于让人们认清现实，认识自己，并做自己。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“It is based on the theory that we are born with a tendency to one personality type which stays more or less fixed throughout life.(它基于这样一个理论，即我们生来就倾向于一种性格类型，这种性格类型在一生中或多或少会保持不变。)”可知，Myers­Briggs Type Indicator的理念在于人天生就有一种固定的性格，这种性格类型在一生中很大程度上保持不变，即，性格很大程度上是天生的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容Dr.Gill 所说的“It’s possible to cheat(作弊是可能的)”可知，人们有可能在测试中就自己的真实能力说谎。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段内容“But trying to go too much against type for too long requires much energy and is actually to be suffered for long.(但是，长时间地试图过多地违背类型需要消耗太多的能量，实际上是要长期忍受的。)”可知，改变性格是不可能的，因为这很费精力。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But if personality tests have any value to us, perhaps it is to free us from the idea that all of us are full of potential, and remind us of what we are. (但是，如果说性格测试对我们有什么价值的话，也许它能让我们摆脱“每个人都充满潜力”的想法，并提醒我们自己是什么。)”可知，作者对于人格测试的总结是，其价值在于它提醒人们更加现实地认清自己，做自己，而不是希望成为别的人，D项“它们可能会鼓励更现实的做法”符合。故选D项。 Passage 7 Once regarded as inexperienced amateurs, top influencers now play an important role in the market, especially after the pandemic accelerated e-commerce growth. Unlike traditional celebrity endorsements (代言), which rely on pre-existing fame, influencers build their reputation through product promotion. By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. Brands are expected to spend $16 billion on influencer campaigns this year, with most profits going to a small number of the influencers. The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. Above all, they reduce costs — Tesla, for instance, avoids traditional ads by using Elon Musk’s social media influence. Influencers’ networks reach new audiences, particularly younger shoppers. Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. However, risks persist. A third of brands avoid influencers due to fears of reputation damage caused by bad behavior like tax avoidance. A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. Besides avoiding tax, false advertising and using fake hype (热度) in the influencers’ promotion are other concerns. Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. Their share of digital ad budgets, though currently at 3%, is growing rapidly. To get the most out of influencers, brands should also set clear regulations like using analytical tools to help evaluate the performance of the influencers and requiring them to inform the audience of the advertisement in their posts. Only in this way will the brands be able to maximize their profits. 1．What can be concluded about influencers in paragraph 1? A．They are all highly paid. B．They rely more on pre-existing fame. C．They post randomly selected pictures and videos. D．They use daily life content to make recommendations trustworthy. 2．Why does the author mention TikTok in paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the popularity of TikTok. B．To highlight the strengths of these platforms. C．To explain why influencers prefer using these platforms. D．To illustrate influencers’ technological adaptability to new platforms. 3．Why does Viya get punished? A．She hid brand-cooperation income. B．She damaged influencers’ reputation. C．She promoted products with false information. D．She challenged traditional celebrity endorsements. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards influencer economy? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】文章分析了网红在营销中的优势和风险，并建议品牌制定规则以最大化利用网红经济。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. (通过分享精心挑选的内容，将广告与个人生活片段巧妙结合，他们营造出一种信任感。)”可知，网红利用日常生活内容使推荐可信。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. (此外，与传统品牌代言人相比，网红在技术方面更具优势，他们能更快地适应TikTok等新兴平台，以及Instagram等老平台不断变化的算法。)”可推知，作者提到TikTok是为了说明网红对新平台的技术适应能力。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. (一个典型案例是Viya，这位顶级直播主播在2021年因未申报品牌合作收入而被罚款2.1亿美元，给相关品牌造成了经济损失。)”可知，她被处罚是因为隐藏了品牌合作收入。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. (网红的持久影响力表明他们自身具备独特的优势。)”、第三段中“However, risks persist. (然而，风险依然存在。)”和最后一段中“Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. (尽管面临这些挑战，忽视网红仍不明智。)”可知，作者既肯定网红经济的优势，降低成本、触达年轻消费者、技术适应力强，也指出其风险，如逃税、虚假广告，并提出品牌应采取的应对措施，表明整体态度是客观的。 Passage 8 Imagine you’re out for an evening walk in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. How to pick the best place for a much‑needed meal? If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect the quality of food and service. But is this true? In tourist areas, which lack regular, local customers, the number of diners is unlikely to hold information about the quality of the meal. Instead, bigger crowds could have come about at random, and here’s why: Early diners with no meaningful cues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening restaurant randomly, for example, selecting the place with the nicest name, the smiliest waiter, or the prettiest flowers on the tables. Subsequent passers‑by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well‑informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snow‑ball effect, whereby ever‑increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of endorsement. In this case, following the example of others could have led to a less satisfactory dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. This is typical of herd behavior. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. The so‑called “wisdom of crowds” suggests that average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort — after all, there’s “safety in numbers” — while helping to maintain a favorable reputation. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision; it is therefore an easy option. However, herd behavior, while common and easy to explain, holds significant dangers. Contrary to the “wisdom of crowds”, which happens when the judgments of individual group members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behavior typically relies on “information cascades (literally waterfalls)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically considering the reasons behind. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behavior. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To compare local and tourist dining habits. B．To introduce a common belief and pose a question. C．To criticize tourists for making poor dinner choices. D．To describe a typical evening scene in a foreign city. 2．What does the underlined word “endorsement” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Approval. B．Efficiency. C．Knowledge. D．Sincerity. 3．Which of the following can contribute to a better informed choice? A．Safety in numbers. B．Herd behavior. C．Wisdom of crowds. D．Information cascades. 4．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Trusting the Majority: A Smart Strategy. B．Following the Crowd: A Seemingly Quick Fix. C．Eating Out in a Foreign City: A Practical Guide. D．Imitating the Herd: An Easy and Natural Choice. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】文章以在外旅游选餐厅为引子，分析从众行为的形成、表面优势及潜藏的弊端。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect the quality of food and service. But is this true?(如果你和大多数人一样，你会寻找食客最多、最热闹的餐厅，因为它的人气一定会反映食物与服务的质量。但这是真的吗？)”可知，第一段先提出大众普遍看法，再抛出疑问，引出下文论述。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“This could have resulted in a snow‑ball effect, whereby ever‑increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of endorsement.(这会产生雪球效应，越来越多顾客被所说的这家餐厅吸引，营造出虚假endorsement的印象)”可知，大量客人聚集会让人误以为餐厅获得众人赞同，即营造出虚假认可的印象，故猜测endorsement意为“认可”，与approval同义。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The so‑called “wisdom of crowds” suggests that average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices.(所谓的“群体智慧”表明，大批人的平均判断往往优于个人选择)”可知，群体智慧能促成更合理的选择。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中的“If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect the quality of food and service. But is this true?(如果你和大多数人一样，你会寻找食客最多、最热闹的餐厅，因为它的人气一定会反映食物与服务的质量。但这是真的吗？)”可知，文章开篇以选餐厅为例引出从众行为，介绍从众看似便捷、合理的优势，重点阐述了从众行为存在的巨大隐患，说明跟风从众只是看似高效的解决方式，实则存在弊端。B选项“Following the Crowd: A Seemingly Quick Fix.(从众：一种看似简便的应对方式)”能概括文章主旨，适合作标题。 Passage 9 Over a decade ago, the science fiction series Black Mirror showed a story about using artificial intelligence to bring back loved ones. Thanks to technological advancement, the latest AI technology brings hope of recreating loved ones through virtual form. Recently, it was revealed that well-known musician Tino Bao had created a digital version of his daughter who in 2021 passed away due to a rare disease at the age of 22. With the help of Xiaoice, Microsoft Asia’s AI branch based in China, Bao was able to recreate his daughter Bao Rong as an AI-powered virtual figure. Tino Bao, his family and the team went to great lengths to piece together pictures, audio-visual recordings, and narrated memories of Rong. After thousands of trials and errors, they presented the life-like digital human who speaks in both Mandarin and English. Bao has finally launched a company to bring the technological miracle to other families experiencing such loss. However, this technological achievement has also been accompanied by many debates. The idea of bringing back a loved one through AI may seem comforting. Still, researchers caution that constantly interacting with an AI version of a lost loved one could potentially affect the natural grieving (悲伤) process, leaving individuals stuck in a state of denial. This could lead to lengthened grief and other mental health issues. Furthermore, there’s a risk that people may become overly dependent on the technology, preferring their interactions with the AI version over forming new, real-life relationships. With the case of Bao Rong out in the open, AI resurrection (复活) has become a business. From simple “talking pictures” that sound nothing like the loved ones to deep fake videos of actors speaking with the faces of those who passed away, the lower end of the market is more “artificial” than “intelligent”. Therefore, it is crucial to establish proper regulations and ethical standards to ensure that the use of AI-resurrection technology is safe and responsible now. 1．Why does the author mention Black Mirror in paragraph 1? A．To show the influence of science fiction on technology B．To lead to the discussion about AI resurrection. C．To criticize the unrealistic description of AI in movies D．To highlight the advancement of artificial intelligence. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The popularity of AI-resurrection technology. B．Reasons for making a digital version of Bao Rong. C．Challenges of developing a life-like digital human. D．The process of creating an AI-powered virtual figure. 3．What is a potential negative impact of AI technology? A．It can become overly independent. B．It can shorten the grieving process. C．It can cause longer sadness and mental issues. D．It can lengthen the interaction with Al version. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The market for AI resurrection lacks proper management. B．AI resurrection technology is highly advanced. C．The market for AI resurrection is very profitable. D．AI resurrection products are of poor quality. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】文章由科幻剧引出 AI 复刻逝者实例，讲述音乐人打造亡女数字分身的经过，同时指出该技术易造成心理问题，行业亟待完善监管与伦理规范。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Over a decade ago, the science fiction series Black Mirror showed a story about using artificial intelligence to bring back loved ones. Thanks to technological advancement, the latest Al technology brings hope of recreating loved ones through virtual form.(十多年前，科幻剧集《黑镜》曾讲述过利用人工智能让逝去的亲人复活的故事。如今，随着科技的进步，最新的人工智能技术带来了通过虚拟形态重现亲人的希望)”可知，作者在第一段中提到《黑镜》是为了引出关于人工智能复活的讨论。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Recently, it was revealed that well-known musician Tino Bao had created a digital version of his daughter who in 2021 passed away due to a rare disease at the age of 22. With the help of Xiaoice, Microsoft Asia’s Al branch based in China, Bao was able to recreate his daughter Bao Rong as an Al-powered virtual figure. Tino Bao, his family and the team went to great lengths to piece together pictures, audio-visual recordings, and narrated memories of Rong. After thousands of trials and errors, they presented the life-like digital human who speaks in both Mandarin and English. Bao has finally launched a company to bring the technological miracle to other families experiencing such loss.(近日有消息披露，知名音乐人包先生打造出了女儿的数字分身。他的女儿2021年因罕见疾病离世，年仅22岁。依托微软亚洲人工智能分支机构小冰的技术支持，包先生得以复刻出人工智能驱动的虚拟女儿包蓉。包先生一家与团队费尽心力，整理汇总了包蓉的照片、影音录像以及和她相关的口述回忆。经过数千次反复调试打磨，最终生成了能使用中英双语、形象逼真的数字人。如今包先生创办了公司，希望把这项技术带给其他承受丧亲之痛的家庭)”可知，第二段主要讲了创造一个基于人工智能的虚拟人物的过程。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“This could lead to lengthened grief and other mental health issues.(这可能导致持续的悲伤以及其他心理健康问题)”可知，人工智能技术可能带来的潜在负面影响是它可能导致更长时间的悲伤和心理问题。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With the case of Bao Rong out in the open, Al resurrection (复活) has become a business. From simple “talking pictures” that sound nothing like the loved ones to deep fake videos of actors speaking with the faces of those who passed away, the lower end of the market is more “artificial” than “intelligent”. Therefore, it is crucial to establish proper regulations and ethical standards to ensure that the use of Al-resurrection technology is safe and responsible now.(随着包蓉的案例公之于众，AI逝者复刻已然形成一门产业。市场低端产品徒有“人工”外壳，毫无智能可言：既有声音和逝者完全不符的简易会说话照片，也有将逝者面部合成到演员身上的深度伪造视频。因此当下亟需制定完善法规与伦理标准，保障AI复刻技术安全、合规地投入使用)”可知，人工智能复活市场缺乏适当的管理。 Passage 10 Each major shift in media technology has led to a familiar cycle: a sudden explosion of cheap, repetitive content, widespread anxiety about cultural decline, and — less visibly — the gradual emergence of new forms of classics. The growing use of the word “slop”, which describes unwanted or careless AI-generated material, reflects public frustration, but it also is associated with older debates about whether new technologies can create classic content. History suggests that while much of such output is culturally polluting, some of it can still lead to lasting creative change. Complaints about “too much content” are surprisingly old. In 15th-century Europe, fears emerged with the invention of the movable-typing printing press. Printing made it possible to produce texts quickly and cheaply, which led to an explosion of pamphlets (小册子), poems, and short books. Many critics saw these works as shallow and repetitive. Yet these printed materials expanded access to information and storytelling, shaping the cultural environment that influenced writers like Shakespeare. The same tension appeared in 18th-century Britain with the rise of Grub Street, an area known for fast, commercial writing. Poorly paid authors produced whatever sold: political essays, satire (讽刺文学), and popular fiction. The term “Grub Street” became a name suggesting low standards and weak writing. Still, this system created new opportunities for writers and helped build a mass reading public. Several respected authors began their careers in this environment, showing that creative value can grow out of unpropitious conditions. Film history follows a similar path. Early movie theaters and later low-budget studios produced large amounts of rubbish work, but they also trained actors, directors, and technicians who would later shape modern cinema. The point was not creating artistic masterpieces but rapid production. In this process, excellence emerged indirectly, as a byproduct of scale and experimentation — just as the Internet and social media birthed low-quality contents but also new kinds of creators. The current AI changes this cycle by making content creation extremely cheap while placing a heavier burden on audiences, who must struggle to decide what deserves attention. The real task, therefore, is not to reject all AI-made work, but to learn how to recognize what is meaningful. If we look beyond the noise, today’s overload may still contain the early signs of tomorrow’s brilliant ideas. 1．According to the last paragraph, the public is worried that ________. A．Artificial intelligence is replacing human beings B．It’s hard to decide what content is valuable C．People are overloaded with great economic burden D．Media technology has caused environmental problems 2．The underlined word “unpropitious” in paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．Essential B．Preferable C．Unfavourable D．Imaginative 3．The author uses historical examples to show that ________. A．Today’s concerns over AI are not something new B．People in the past were less frustrated than us C．Media technology development brings cultural decline D．Today’s people are facing a completely different situation 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Why AI is Destroying Culture B．A Brief History of Mass Media C．The Advantage of AI D．Media Revolution Breeds Rubbish and Art 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲的是媒体技术的变革在带来大量低质内容的同时，也催生了新的经典形式。 1．细节理解题。根据倒数第一段“The current AI changes this cycle by making content creation extremely cheap while placing a heavier burden on audiences, who must struggle to decide what deserves attention.(当前的人工智能正在改变这一循环，它使内容创作变得极为廉价，却给受众带来了更大负担，迫使他们费力地判断哪些内容值得被关注。)”可知，公众担心的是很难决定什么内容是有价值的。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The term “Grub Street” became a name suggesting low standards and weak writing. Still, this system created new opportunities for writers and helped build a mass reading public.(“Grub Street”一词逐渐成为低俗和写作水平低下的代名词。然而，这一制度为作家创造了新的机会，并帮助培养了庞大的读者群体。)”以及“Several respected authors began their careers in this environment(多位知名作家都曾在此环境中开启了自己的职业生涯)”可知，虽然创作环境不好，但是也有优秀作家出现，所以可以推测“unpropitious”意思是“不利的”，与“unfavourable”意思相近。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In 15th-century Europe, fears emerged with the invention of the movable-typing printing press.(15世纪的欧洲，随着活字印刷术的发明，人们开始产生恐惧。)”、第三段中“The same tension appeared in 18th-century Britain with the rise of Grub Street, an area known for fast, commercial writing.(18世纪的英国也出现了同样的紧张氛围，Grub Street兴起，这一地区以快速、商业化的写作著称。)”以及第四段中“Film history follows a similar path.(电影史的发展也遵循着类似的轨迹。)”可知，作者列举印刷术、Grub街、早期电影的历史事例，是为了说明如今人们对AI内容的担忧并非新鲜事，历史上每次媒介技术变革都有类似争议。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Each major shift in media technology has led to a familiar cycle: a sudden explosion of cheap, repetitive content, widespread anxiety about cultural decline, and — less visibly — the gradual emergence of new forms of classics.(每一次媒体技术的重大变革都会带来一个熟悉的循环：廉价、重复内容突然泛滥，人们普遍担忧文化衰落，而更不明显的是，新的经典形式正逐渐浮现。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是媒体技术的变革在带来大量低质内容的同时，也催生了新的经典形式。所以D选项“Media Revolution Breeds Rubbish and Art(媒体革命催生垃圾与艺术)”概括了文章主题，适合作为文章最佳标题。 Passage 11 Historically, the worker who worked the most hours was widely seen as an organization’s most valuable employee. But that is no longer true: as AI promises to transform how we work, and the four-day-workweek movement gains steam, it is time to admit once and for all that working more does not make you more productive. In fact, many workers could dutifully keep themselves busy for an entire day without doing anything of real value, instead answering pointless emails and attending unnecessary meetings. Meanwhile, many are struggling under the unsustainable consequences of applying an industrial-era measure of productivity— namely, dividing output by hours — to our modern knowledge economy. As a result, workers are under constant pressure to relinquish their spare time to prove their devotion. Those who finish their tasks more quickly are typically rewarded with more work to fill the hours they’ve saved, in what is sometimes referred to as “performance punishment.” A co-worker who works through evenings, weekends, or lunch breaks to complete the same workload, meanwhile, is often more likely to be praised or even promoted for their perceived devotion. This dynamic ultimately creates more pressure to look busy than to deliver value, which is getting in the way of actually getting work done and holding back organizational productivity while wearing down workers’ well-being. So it is time for us to be smarter about how we work. That is ultimately what the four-day-workweek movement seeks to inspire. Instead of just giving everyone an extra vacation day each week, when positioned as a performance-based motivator, the four-day workweek becomes a wake-up call to refocus our time and energy at work on the things that really matter to the business. In today’s knowledge economy and tomorrow’s AI reality, the most successful individuals, organizations, and nations won’t be those that work the most hours, but those that are the most effective at making their working hours count. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By listing AI-driven changes in work. B．By challenging the hours— productivity link. C．By describing employee-centered practices. D．By advocating a short-time working pattern. 2．What does the underlined word “relinquish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．give up. B．count on. C．set aside. D．care about. 3．What weakens organizational productivity according to paragraph 3? A．Being too exhausted from overwork. B．Pretending to be busy without adding value. C．Being punished unfairly. D．Working hard but not getting recognized. 4．What does the author think of the four-day workweek? A．A reward for efficiency at work. B．A wake-up call to stay competitive. C．A push to think smarter about work. D．A preparation for the uncertain future. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章介绍四天工作制及其意义，呼吁人们转变工作思维，追求工作实效而非单纯堆砌时长。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Historically, the worker who worked the most hours was widely seen as an organization’s most valuable employee. But that is no longer true: as AI promises to transform how we work, and the four-day-workweek movement gains steam, it is time to admit once and for all that working more does not make you more productive. (过去，加班时长最多的员工往往被视作公司里最有价值的人。但如今早已今非昔比：随着人工智能逐步改变工作模式，再加上四天工作制日渐兴起，我们也该彻底认清一个事实——工作时长不等于工作效率。)”可知，作者通过质疑“工时与效率挂钩”的传统观念来引入话题的。 2．词句猜测题。根据上文“In fact, many workers could dutifully keep themselves busy for an entire day without doing anything of real value, instead answering pointless emails and attending unnecessary meetings. Meanwhile, many are struggling under the unsustainable consequences of applying an industrial-era measure of productivity— namely, dividing output by hours — to our modern knowledge economy.( 事实上，不少员工一整天看似忙忙碌碌，实则毫无实质产出，只是在回复无关紧要的邮件、参加多余的会议。与此同时，用工业时代的效率评判标准 —— 即以工时衡量产出 —— 来适配当下的知识型经济，已然难以为继，许多人因此不堪重负。)”可知，员工被迫不断放弃个人闲暇时间，以此证明自己对工作的投入。由此可知，relinquish意为“放弃”。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“This dynamic ultimately creates more pressure to look busy than to deliver value, which is getting in the way of actually getting work done and holding back organizational productivity...(这种现状最终让人们一味追求表面忙碌，而非创造实际价值，不仅妨碍工作推进，还拖累了整体工作效率……)”可知，只顾假装忙碌，不创造实际价值拉低了企业整体效率。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“So it is time for us to be smarter about how we work. That is ultimately what the four-day-workweek movement seeks to inspire. Instead of just giving everyone an extra vacation day each week, when positioned as a performance-based motivator, the four-day workweek becomes a wake-up call to refocus our time and energy at work on the things that really matter to the business.( 因此，我们是时候优化工作方式了。这也正是四天工作制运动最终想要倡导的理念。它并非单纯每周多给员工一天假期；若将其视作以绩效为导向的激励方式，四天工作制更能警醒人们，把工作时间与精力重新聚焦到真正关乎企业发展的事务上。)”可知，作者认为四天工作制推动人们用更巧妙的方式工作。 Passage 12 The mushrooming video screens in buses, taxis and apartment halls in cities like Shanghai are taking away our already rare resource: a place for a moment of peace. Taking a nap or reading a book on buses is less pleasant now, as the LCD screens broadcast news, entertainment and advertisements at unbearable volumes. You pay the bus fare simply to get a ride — undisturbed — but now you are exposed to this “added value”, whether you like it or not. If it’s a crowded bus, the noise is even more exasperating. More and more Chinese cities have joined Shanghai, regarded as the first to put video screens on buses, disturbing millions of passengers. Some may like to watch programmes aired on houses or in apartment halls. But those who don’t should be equally respected. Because of the bus screens, students cannot focus on reviewing their lessons or preparing for a test. People who like to read or reflect feel unsettled by the noise. Youngsters who like to listen to music on their iPods must increase the volume to fight against the competing audio. If you already feel stressed after a busy day, the bus video advertising certainly increase the tension of both your muscles and nervous system. Bus drivers are surely the worst victims because they have to bear it at least eight hours a day, non-stop. A high public tolerance for noise pollution has helped bus video advertisers to expand their businesses. But opposition has already started to make its voice heard. Some people have already accused bus companies of breaking their contracts, since their obligation is only to deliver passengers to their destinations. Shanghai, as a world-class city, should set an example for the country. It should first adopt world-class behavior in its massive public transportation system to return the public a peaceful place. 1．What does the underlined word “exasperating” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Entertaining. B．Encouraging. C．Disappointing. D．Annoying. 2．What can be inferred about the influences of the video screens on passengers? A．They make music players less popular among youngsters. B．They disturb passengers’ normal study and rest to different degrees. C．They force students to give up reviewing lessons on buses completely. D．They help stressed passengers relax their muscles and nerves effectively. 3．What is some people’s criticism of bus companies? A．They fail to provide comfortable seats for passengers. B．They ignore the negative impact of noise pollution on drivers. C．They fail to fulfill their basic duty of transporting passengers quietly. D．They limit passengers’ freedom to choose TV programmes on buses. 4．What’s the author’s attitude to the video screens in the public? A．Opposed. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. D．Indifferent. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了公共交通视频屏幕带来的噪音及其对乘客的负面影响。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“You pay the bus fare simply to get a ride — undisturbed — but now you are exposed to this “added value”, whether you like it or not. If it’s a crowded bus, the noise is even more exasperating.(乘客支付车费，只是为了不受打扰地乘车出行，可如今无论情愿与否，都被迫接受这种所谓的“增值服务”。若是遇上拥挤的公交车，这种噪音更是exasperating。)”可知，前文已提到噪音让人不舒服，拥挤的公交车使情况更糟，噪音更是让人烦躁不已。故exasperating意为“令人恼怒的”"，与annoying意思相近。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Because of the bus screens, students cannot focus on reviewing their lessons or preparing for a test. People who like to read or reflect feel unsettled by the noise. Youngsters who like to listen to music on their iPods must increase the volume to fight against the competing audio.(因为公交屏幕，学生无法集中精力复习功课或准备考试。喜欢阅读或思考的人被噪音弄得心神不宁。喜欢用iPod听音乐的年轻人必须调高音量来对抗竞争的音频。)”可知，视频屏幕在不同程度上干扰了乘客的学习和休息。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some people have already accused bus companies of breaking their contracts, since their obligation is only to deliver passengers to their destinations.(一些人已经指责公交公司违反合同，因为他们的义务只是将乘客送到目的地。)”可知，人们批评公交公司未履行安静运送乘客的基本职责。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shanghai, as a world-class city, should set an example for the country. It should first adopt world-class behavior in its massive public transportation system to return the public a peaceful place.(上海作为世界级城市，应该为全国树立榜样。它应该首先在其庞大的公共交通系统中采取世界级的行为，还公众一个安静的场所。)”可知，作者明确反对在公共交通中安装视频屏幕。 Passage 13 Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly entered classrooms around the world, offering new tools for teaching and learning. From AI tutors that provide personalized feedback to chatbots that help students with homework, the technology promises to revolutionize education. But is AI a blessing or a curse for students and teachers? Proponents of AI in education argue that the technology can level the playing field for students. AI tutors can provide 24/7 support to students who struggle in class, helping them catch up at their own pace. AI can also automate grading and administrative tasks, freeing up teachers to focus on one-on-one instruction and student well-being. “AI is not here to replace teachers,” says education researcher Dr. Sarah Chen. “It’s here to empower them, giving them more time to do what they do best: connect with students.” However, critics warn that AI poses serious risks to education. Many students use AI chatbots to write essays, solve math problems, and complete homework, leading to a rise in cheating and a decline in critical thinking skills. “If students let AI do all the work for them, they will never learn how to think for themselves,” says high school teacher James Miller. “We are raising a generation of students who can’t write a sentence without AI, and that’s a crisis.” Another major concern is bias in AI algorithms. AI systems are trained on data, and if the data is biased, the AI will perpetuate that bias, leading to unfair treatment of students from marginalized backgrounds. Additionally, over-reliance on AI can erode the human connection that is at the heart of education.“Learning is not just about getting answers,” says Dr. Chen. “It’s about the relationship between teacher and student, the discussion, the struggle, the growth. AI can never replace that.” In the end, AI in education is a double-edged sword. It has the potential to transform education for the better, but only if it is used responsibly, with clear guidelines to protect students and preserve the human element of learning. 1．What is the author’s attitude towards AI in education? A．Fully supportive. B． Objective and cautious. C．Completely opposed. D．Indifferent and unconcerned.​ 2．Why do critics oppose the use of AI in education? A．It replaces teachers and increases unemployment. B．It leads to cheating and a decline in critical thinking. C．It makes education too expensive for low-income students. D．It automates grading and reduces teacher workload.​ 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The benefits of AI in transforming education. B．The risks of AI in causing cheating in schools. C．The debate over AI’s role in education and its challenges. D．The ways to use AI to improve student learning outcomes. 4．According to the passage, what can we learn about AI algorithms? A．They are completely free from bias. B．They may reflect biases in the training data. C．They are designed to replace human teachers. D．They always improve students’ writing skills. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了人工智能快速进入校园教学领域，阐述了人工智能在教育中的优势、引发的争议与潜在隐患，指出人工智能在教育中是一把双刃剑，需要合理规范使用。 1．推理判断题。根据原文第五段“In the end, AI in education is a double-edged sword. It has the potential to transform education for the better, but only if it is used responsibly, with clear guidelines to protect students and preserve the human element of learning.(最终，人工智能在教育领域是一把双刃剑。它有潜力让教育变得更好，但前提是被负责任地使用，并制定明确准则保护学生、保留学习中的人文元素。)”可知，作者对人工智能在教育中的态度是客观且谨慎的。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Many students use AI chatbots to write essays, solve math problems, and complete homework, leading to a rise in cheating and a decline in critical thinking skills.(许多学生利用人工智能聊天机器人写论文、解数学题、完成作业，导致作弊现象增多，批判性思维能力下降。)”可知，反对者抵制人工智能进校园是因为它助长作弊风气、削弱学生的批判性思维。 3．主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly entered classrooms around the world, offering new tools for teaching and learning. From AI tutors that provide personalized feedback to chatbots that help students with homework, the technology promises to revolutionize education. But is AI a blessing or a curse for students and teachers?(人工智能已迅速走进全球各地的课堂，为教与学提供了全新工具。从可以提供个性化学习反馈的人工智能辅导老师，到帮学生完成作业的智能聊天机器人，这项技术有望给教育带来革命性改变。但对师生而言，人工智能究竟是福还是祸？)”及全文内容可知，文章既介绍了人工智能给教育带来的便利，也分析了它存在的作弊、思维退化、算法偏见、淡化师生情感等问题，整体围绕人工智能在教育中的作用及争议展开论述。 4．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“AI systems are trained on data, and if the data is biased, the AI will perpetuate that bias, leading to unfair treatment of students from marginalized backgrounds.(人工智能系统依靠数据训练，如果数据存在偏见，人工智能就会延续这种偏见，导致弱势群体学生受到不公平对待。)”可知，人工智能算法可能会反映出训练数据中存在的偏见。 Passage 14 Art and technology have a complex but meaningful history of working together and influencing one another. Innovations in technology have directly impacted the art world and will continue to do so. With every new evolution in technology, art also changes. However, this doesn’t just apply to their production. The way art is viewed, shared, consumed and subsequently sold is constantly transforming too. Technology has made art far more accessible. Just like with countless other aspects of modern life, the Internet has allowed art to be consumed in a more direct way. Museums display collections online, and artists have all the tools they need at their fingertips to promote and sell their own pieces — often without the challenges that come with running a physical exhibition. It’s clear that the relationship between art and technology has led to many exciting new pieces and techniques. Significant innovations from the past years include AI-generated art. Is Artificial Intelligence the next great Art Movement? Without our being able to easily distinguish between human and machine creations, AI-generated art offers us a new kind of non-traditional creativity. However, new findings do not come without hesitation. Some argue that art generated through computer science is definitely not art, nor is it creative. Nevertheless, artists are continuing to experiment to combine art and technology further. It is obvious that the art landscape is experiencing an extreme transformation as it changes with technology. These two fields may seem different — however, we have shown that there is a fate that ties these two together. With rapid technological advancements and shifting perceptions of art among artists and consumers, we can expect to see a better understanding of how these changes will affect the creative world as a whole. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Art doesn’t change with technology. B．Technology affects art in many ways. C．Artists make more money than before. D．People needn’t visit galleries to enjoy art. 2．What’s the author’s answer to the question at the beginning of Paragraph 4? A．Unclear. B．Absolutely. C．Why should I know? D．Definitely not. 3．What is the “fate” that ties art and technology? A．The consumption of art. B．The way people enjoy and buy art. C．The experiment of artists and consumers. D．The history of these two working together. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward the future of art and technology? A．Unconcerned. B．Curious. C．Negative. D．Positive. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文讲述艺术与科技有着深厚的协作与相互影响的历史，科技发展不仅改变艺术创作，还改变艺术的观赏、传播、消费与售卖方式，人工智能催生新的艺术形式。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“With every new evolution in technology, art also changes. However, this doesn’t just apply to their production. The way art is viewed, shared, consumed and subsequently sold is constantly transforming too. (随着科技的每一次发展，艺术也在发生变化。这不仅体现在创作层面，艺术的观赏、分享、消费以及售卖方式也在不断改变。)”可知，科技从多方面影响艺术。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“AI-generated art offers us a new kind of non-traditional creativity. However, new findings do not come without hesitation. Some argue that art generated through computer science is definitely not art, nor is it creative. (人工智能艺术带来了新型非传统创作形式，但人们对此仍存有疑虑，也有人并不认可其为艺术，也不具创造性。)”可知，作者没有给出明确肯定或否定的答案，态度尚不明确。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“These two fields may seem different — however, we have shown that there is a fate that ties these two together.”以及第一段“Art and technology have a complex but meaningful history of working together and influencing one another. (艺术与科技有着复杂且意义深远的合作、相互影响的历史。)”可知，将艺术和科技联系在一起的“命运”是它们一起合作、相互影响的历史。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With rapid technological advancements and shifting perceptions of art among artists and consumers, we can expect to see a better understanding of how these changes will affect the creative world as a whole. (随着科技快速发展以及人们艺术观念的转变，我们有望更清晰地认知这些变革对创意领域的整体影响。)”可推知，作者对艺术与科技融合的未来持积极态度。 Passage 15 Imagine spending your whole life speaking, studying, and even teaching English — only to be told that you’re not a “native speaker.” How would that feel? This is exactly the question poet Mia You explores in her recent essay. Born in South Korea but raised in the United States from age three, Mia grew up speaking English. She studied it through graduate school and became a poetry scholar. Yet throughout her life, people have questioned her relationship with the language. In one translation workshop, someone corrected her word choice, claiming that birds “perched on a branch,” not “perched in a tree.” The comment seemed small, but it cut deep. Was it really a mistake, or was she using English differently on purpose? Mia argues that language doesn’t belong to native speakers alone. She quotes novelist Chang-rae Lee, who says, “I quarrel with English a lot and test it a lot. I think that has defined me as a writer.” For Lee, pushing against language’s boundaries isn’t a weakness — it’s a creative act. The idea of a “native speaker” is complicated anyway. As Rey Chow, a cultural theorist, points out: because of colonialism (殖民主义), English spread around the world artificially. Many people now view it as something added onto their existing identity. Does that make their English less authentic? By 2000, sociolinguist David Crystal observed that non-native English speakers already outnumbered native ones worldwide. New forms of English were emerging everywhere. Who decides which version is “correct”? For Mia, translating poetry isn’t about following strict rules. It’s about capturing feeling, ambiguity (模糊性), and beauty. Sometimes that means bending grammar slightly. Sometimes that means choosing an unexpected preposition. Mia also suggests that English isn’t owned by anyone. It’s a living, breathing thing — shaped by everyone who uses it, native speaker or not. And maybe those who stretch it, test it, and love it most are exactly who the language belongs to. 1．Why does the author mention Mia’s experience in the workshop? A．To indicate the author’s opinion on language use. B．To question Mia’s professionalism in translation. C．To show the author’s sympathy for Mia. D．To point out the problem Mia has in learning English. 2．Which view will Rey Chow and David Crystal probably agree with? A．Great writers share a playful relationship with language. B．Native speakers will always be the true language owners. C．People should be open-minded to new versions of English. D．Native and non-native speakers face similar struggles in writing. 3．What does Mia value in language use? A．Accurate use of grammar. B．High recognition from native speakers. C．Clear communication above all else. D．Creative expression over strict correctness. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Conflicts in Workshops: The “Hybrid” Writer. B．Voices on Language: The (Alter) native Speaker. C．Language Crossings: The Ex-native Speaker. D．The Translator’s Dilemma: The “Non-native” Tongue. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章主要围绕诗人米娅·尤的经历展开，探讨“母语使用者”这一概念。米娅虽从小接触英语，却常因语言使用受质疑，作者借其在翻译工作坊的事例，结合多位学者观点，论述语言并非仅归母语者所有，应接纳新英语形式，米娅更注重语言使用的创造性表达而非绝对正确。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“In one translation workshop, someone corrected her word choice, claiming that birds “perched on a branch,” not “perched in a tree.” The comment seemed small, but it cut deep. Was it really a mistake, or was she using English differently on purpose? Mia argues that language doesn’t belong to native speakers alone.(在一次翻译研讨会上，有人纠正了她的用词，称鸟儿是“perched on a branch”，而不是“perched in a tree”。这个看法看似微不足道，却深深刺痛了她。这真的是一处用词错误，还是她特意用了另一种英语表达？米娅认为，语言并非只属于母语者)”可知，作者提及米娅在工作坊的经历，是为了引出米娅对于语言使用的观点，进而表明自己关于语言使用的看法，即语言使用不应局限于所谓“母语使用者”的标准。 2．推理判断题。依据第四段“As Rey Chow, a cultural theorist, points out: because of colonialism (殖民主义), English spread around the world artificially. Many people now view it as something added onto their existing identity. Does that make their English less authentic? By 2000, sociolinguist David Crystal observed that non-native English speakers already outnumbered native ones worldwide. New forms of English were emerging everywhere. Who decides which version is “correct”?(文化理论家周蕾指出：由于殖民主义的影响，英语以人为的方式传播到了世界各地。如今许多人将英语视作附加在自身原有身份之上的一种外来元素。这是否就意味着他们所使用的英语不够地道？到2000年，社会语言学家戴维·克里斯托尔发现，全球范围内“非英语母语者”的数量已经超过了母语者。各种新式英语在世界各地不断涌现。那么，究竟由谁来判定哪一种英语版本才是“标准正确”的呢？)”可知，雷·周和大卫·克里斯托都意识到英语在全球传播过程中出现了多种形式，不能简单判定非母语使用者的英语不正宗，所以他们可能都认同人们应该以开放的心态看待新的英语版本。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For Mia, translating poetry isn’t about following strict rules. It’s about capturing feeling, ambiguity (模糊性), and beauty. Sometimes that means bending grammar slightly. Sometimes that means choosing an unexpected preposition.(对米娅来说，翻译诗歌不是遵循严格的规则。而是捕捉感觉、模糊性和美感。有时这意味着稍微改变语法。有时这意味着选择一个意想不到的介词)”可知，米娅认为语言使用更应注重创造性表达，而非严格的正确性。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕诗人米娅·尤的经历展开，探讨“母语使用者”这一概念。米娅虽从小接触英语，却常因语言使用受质疑，作者借其在翻译工作坊的事例，结合多位学者观点，论述语言并非仅归母语者所有，应接纳新英语形式，米娅更注重语言使用的创造性表达而非绝对正确。所以标题为“语言之声：“另类”母语者”。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第一次月考复习之阅读理解议论文15篇 （江苏专用） 篇目 核心话题 文章主旨概括 Passage 1 人工智能翻译与外语学习 批判过度依赖 AI 翻译工具，指出放弃外语学习会使人丢失人类独有的本性与生命活力。 Passage 2 数字排毒旅行 介绍 “数字排毒” 的潮流，辩证分析断网旅行的利弊，提出改善人与科技长期关系才是治本之策。 Passage 3 老建筑的环保价值 论述老旧建筑拥有不可替代的绿色价值，呼吁社会优先保护、再利用现存老建筑。 Passage 4 米其林星级的双刃剑效应 研究表明获得米其林星级会给餐厅带来经营风险，建议餐厅结合自身发展目标选择是否冲击奖项。 Passage 5 熟悉性心理效应 讲解 “单纯曝光效应” 对决策的影响，反对彻底跳出舒适区，主张循序渐进拓展自己的熟悉范围。 Passage 6 人格测试的价值 以 MBTI 人格测试为例，讨论性格先天稳定性，提出人格测试可以帮助人们认清真实自我。 Passage 7 网红经济 客观分析网红带货营销模式的优势、潜在风险，建议品牌出台规范，理性利用网红资源。 Passage 8 从众行为 以旅游选餐厅为例剖析从众效应，对比 “群体智慧” 与 “信息瀑布”，揭示盲目跟风的隐患。 Passage 9 AI 复刻逝者 由实例引出 AI “复活” 逝者这一新技术，分析其心理隐患，呼吁尽快建立行业监管与伦理准则。 Passage 10 媒介技术革新 回顾印刷术、早期影视等历史，论证每一轮媒介革命都会同时催生大量低质内容和传世经典。 Passage 11 工时与工作效率 反思以工作时长评判员工价值的旧观念，介绍四天工作制，倡导以工作实效代替时长内卷。 Passage 12 公共场合视频噪音污染 批判城市公交、楼宇大厅强制播放视频广告制造噪音，呼吁公共交通还给乘客安静的环境。 Passage 13 人工智能进校园的争议 辩证探讨 AI 运用于教育的利与弊，提出人工智能是一把双刃剑，需要在监管之下合理使用。 Passage 14 艺术和科技的关系 讲述艺术与科技长期相互影响，讨论 AI 艺术是否属于真正的艺术，对二者融合前景持乐观态度。 Passage 15 英语使用者身份探讨 以诗人经历引出 “母语者标准” 争议，提出英语属于全体使用者，应当包容多元化、创造性的语言表达。 Passage 1 Today’s AI technology allows people of different cultures to communicate instantly and effortlessly with one another. We have Google Translate. We have DeepL. We have ChatGPT and so on. Today it’s a piece of cake to send an email in a tongue you don’t know a word of. You just click on “Translate” and presto! Wow! Isn’t the soon-to-arrive world where everyone can effortlessly speak every language just glorious? In fact, I see this as a great tragedy. I see it as the beginning of the end of the age-old tradition of learning foreign languages. Speaking any language, for me, is a living, dynamic process that is surrounded by my own unique humanness, with all its weaknesses and strengths. When I speak any language, I am always searching for the most appropriate word or idiom, frequently hesitating; constantly joking by playing with ambiguity; having fun by putting on droll accents; etc. How is all of this wildly bubbling richness in Language a going to be mirrored in real time in Language B by a mechanical device that has nothing of those qualities driving it, that has no sense of humor, that has no understanding of irony (讽刺) or self-mockery, that has no awareness of how phrases are unconsciously blended, and so on? For me, using a language is the very essence of being human. Through my word choices and tiny hesitations, I am revealing who I am. Today, though, it strikes me as possible that humans are collectively going to give in and throw in the towel as far as foreign languages are concerned. Are we language users going to hand over all engagement with other tongues to chatbots? If everything we might ever wish for is just handed to us for free on a silver platter, then what, I wonder, is the purpose of living? When children first hear the sounds of another language, they can’t help but wonder: What in the world would it feel like to speak that language? Such eager childlike curiosity might seem irrepressible. But what if that human curiosity is suddenly snuffed out forever by AI When we collectively abandon the age-old challenge of learning the languages of other lands, when we give up that challenge to ultrarapid machines, then we will have lost a major part of what it is to be human and alive. 1．Why does the author list examples of AI translation tools? A．To showcase the convenience modern technology has brought. B．To introduce the topic and set up the opposing view for criticism. C．To prove the unnecessary nature of present multilingual communication. D．To compare their efficiency with challenges of human language learning. 2．What can be inferred from the underlined sentences in paragraph 2? A．AI translation can’t provide appropriate word or idiom. B．Only humans can communicate efficiently in languages. C．Human language use is a complex and personal process. D．Humor and self-mockery are difficult to translate accurately. 3．The author’s series of questions in paragraph 3 are intended to ________. A．demonstrate the superiority of human communication B．encourage the reflection on the value of active engagement C．explain life’s purpose of pursuing technological advancement D．show purposeless existence of human without foreign language learning 4．Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Children’s curiosity is the driving force for language learning. B．AI has brought more convenience to language communication. C．The traditional way of learning foreign languages must be reformed. D．Humans’ nature and vitality may suffer due to ultrarapid machines now. Passage 2 In 2024, the term “brain rot (脑腐)” gained popularity on social media as it reflected concerns about the overconsumption (过度消费) of low-quality online content. The widespread use of the term highlighted the harmful effects of Internet addiction, driving a travel trend known as “digital detox (排毒)”. In fact, digital detox isn’t a new concept. Brown University defines it as a set period during which people avoid using electronic devices. Due to growing interest in taking a break from technology while on vacation, tour operators are now offering digital detox trips, where travelers choose an Internet-free environment.When such a trip begins, travelers lock their devices in a storage box and only get them back at the end. Travelers who have joined digital detox trips confirm the various benefits of going phone-free. Without that distraction, the experience feels so much richer because they’re just immersed in (沉浸于) it, However, tech-free travel hasn’t yet become popular, as many people are still concerned about shutting off their devices completely. That concern makes sense. In an age when life and technology are more connected than ever, a full digital detox may not be realistic for most people. “Technology is very much a part of us now. We bank with an app, read restaurant menus on phones and even sweat with exercise instructors through a screen,” consultant Emily Cherkin told the BBC． While a digital detox is meant to reduce stress, shutting down devices may actually cause more anxiety. Rather than avoiding phones altogether, experts suggest a more realistic way to address Internet addiction. For those who can’t completely step away from screens, using screen-time tracking apps may help encourage more mindful phone habits. Ultimately, our focus should be on improving our long-term relationship with technology rather than depending on the digital detox industry as a short-term solution,lifestyle magazine Dazed commented. 1．Why does the author talk about the term “brain rot” in paragraph 1? A．To show the harmful effects of Internet addiction. B．To criticize the overconsumption of online content. C．To give an example of words popular on social media. D．To introduce a travel trend aimed at Internet addiction. 2．What can we know about “digital detox” from the text? A．It is a long-term solution to phone addiction. B．It means traveling without a cell phone in hand. C．It is bound to become very popular in the future. D．It has a strong practical significance to popularize. 3．What does the fourth paragraph focus on? A．Why travelers are right to be worried. B．Why technology is a part of our lives. C．Why a digital detox is meant to reduce stress. D．Why it’s necessary to turn off electronic devices. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What are the benefits of being phone-free? B．Can we really avoid using electronic devices? C．Can digital detox trips really improve mental health? D．Why the term “brain rot” has become popular nowadays? Passage 3 Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings. Actually, in fact, keeping and making use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally-sound things we can do—more than the construction of any new structures that claims to be “green”. Aged communities, which have developed and changed organically over an extended period, possess unique cultures of their own. The buildings within them are irreplaceable to the environment. Opting not to sustain such architectures essentially is like sentencing a special community to disappearance. Building “green” can be about preserving time-honored, local building traditions that respect regional cultures, rather than just using the latest and greatest technologies. The building materials and craftsmanship (工艺) are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction (开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development. As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization (使用) of pre-existing buildings and communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas for novel construction undertakings. As Carl Elefante of Quinn-Evans Architects brilliantly said, “The greenest building is one that is already built.” Hopefully, the public will come to a uniform opinion that buildings currently existing are worthy of more care and attention. 1．How do most people deal with old buildings? A．They treat them lightly. B．They treasure them heartily. C．They explore them fully. D．They restore them actively. 2．Why does the author mention his little river cottage in Paragraph 3? A．To explain the complexity of building houses. B．To demonstrate the shortage of building materials. C．To display the attachment to the old constructions. D．To highlight the virtue of keeping old constructions. 3．What do the data in Paragraph 4 imply about old buildings? A．They are more efficient than the new buildings. B．They can help avoid more environmental pollution. C．They can clear away the bad effects on farms nearby. D．They consumed less energy in the construction process. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Culture values lie in green buildings. B．Old buildings are environment-friendly. C．Old constructions should be given priority. D．Building craftsmanship should be respected. Passage 4 The twelve new restaurants added to the New York Michelin Guide this month will be casting their success. Being included in the handbook is the first step towards receiving a Michelin star, the most desirable award in the cuisine industry. Yet according to a study recently published in the Strategic Management Journal, restaurants might be better off remaining starless. Daniel Sands of University College London’s school of management tracked the fortunes of restaurants that opened in New York in 2000 – 2014 and won the honor of being included in the guide. He found that, of this promising group, restaurants which went on to get a Michelin star were more likely to close down in the years that followed than those which did not. The relationship remained even when factors such as location, price and type of cuisine were taken into account. All considered, 40% of restaurants awarded Michelin stars in 2005 – 2014 had closed by the end of 2019. A Michelin star boosts publicity: the study found that Google search rose by over a third for newly-starred restaurants. But that fame comes at a price. First, Mr. Sands argues, the restaurants’ customers change. Being the focus of public attention raises diners’ expectations and brings in tourists from farther away. Meeting guests’ greater demands adds to new costs. Second, businesses the restaurants deal with, such as ingredient suppliers and landlords, use the opportunity to charge more. Food is not the only industry where awards are a mixed blessing. Several studies have shown that companies run by award-winning bosses underachieve relative both to their previous performance and to their opponents. In publishing, too, awards bring disaster. Prize-winning books are reviewed more severely than before their success, and worse than runners-up. For restaurants that are in the industry for the glory, Michelin’s top award will probably remain too inviting not to pursue. But for those simply wanting to stay in business, it may be safer to not quite meet the criterion. 1．What can be learned about winning a Michelin star from paragraph 1? A．It does not necessarily benefit winners. B．It has not been fully appreciated. C．It leads to being included in the guide. D．It is a huge success worth celebrating. 2．What is true about the restaurants researched by Daniel? A．40% of them suffered close down by the end of 2019. B．They have been in business for at least two decades. C．All of them were New York-based establishments. D．Some went out of business due to the unfavorable location. 3．What does the author intend to show by mentioning prize-winning books? A．Critics review them unfairly. B．Runners-up are better written. C．Competition in publishing is fierce. D．Fame seldom comes without a price. 4．What’s the author’s suggestion for restaurants? A．Pursue the top award at all costs. B．Be aware of the potential danger. C．Decide based on their own needs. D．Follow suit in the cuisine business. Passage 5 Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones. It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar choices as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships. It’s easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams. But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a substantial dramatic (巨大而突然的) swing that we don’t feel ready for. Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration is complete exposure to novelty (新奇的事物). While this can appear effective in the short run, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout. So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is something we can learn to play with and enjoy. It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion. We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lives to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable alternatives. 1．What allows insurance companies to charge old customers more? A．The familiarity principle. B．The advertising cost. C．The improved service. D．The law of the market. 2．What can be learned from paragraph 2? A．Our preferences affect our decisions. B．There can be a mismatch between desires and actions. C．The familiarity principle is a double-edged sword. D．Familiarity tends to generate disrespect. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the solution in some articles? A．Objective. B．Favorable. C．Disapproving. D．Tolerant. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Gently Expand Your Familiarity Zone B．Step Out Of Your Familiarity Zone C．Spare A Thought For Your Preference D．Give Priority To The Mere Exposure Effect Passage 6 Finding the Real You Psychometric testing — personality testing — has been very popular nowadays as studies show their results to be three times more accurate in predicting your job performance. These tests are now included in almost all graduate recruitment (招聘) and are widely used in the selection of managers. The most popular of these personality tests is the Myers­Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). It is based on the theory that we are born with a tendency to one personality type which stays more or less fixed throughout life. You answer 88 questions and are then given your “type”, such as Outgoing or Quiet, Feeling or Thinking. Critics of personality testing raise doubts about “social engineering”. Psychologist Dr.Colin Gill warns that the “popular” personality traits (特性) have their disadvantages. “People who are extremely open to new experiences can be butterflies, going from one idea to the next without mastering any of them.” However, the psychometric test is here to stay, which may be why a whole sub­industry on cheating personality tests has sprung up. “It’s possible to cheat,” admits Gill, “but having to pretend to be the person you are at work will be tiring and unhappy and probably short­lived.” So can we change our personality? “Your basic personality is fixed by the time you’re 21,” says Gill, “but it can be affected by motivation and intelligence. If you didn’t have the personality type to be a doctor but desperately wanted to be one and were intelligent enough to master the skills, you could still go ahead. But trying to go too much against type for too long requires much energy and is actually to be suffered for long. I think it’s why we’re seeing this trend for downshifting — too many people trying to fit in to a type that they aren’t really suited for.” Our interest in personality now exists in every part of our lives. If you ask an expert for advice on anything, you’ll probably be quizzed about your personality. But if personality tests have any value to us, perhaps it is to free us from the idea that all of us are full of potential, and remind us of what we are. As they say in one test when they ask for your age: pick the one you are, not the one you wish you were. 1．The Myers­Briggs Type Indicator is based on the belief that ________. A．personality is largely decided from birth B．certain personality traits are common C．some personality types are better than others D．personality traits are various from time to time 2．According to Dr. Gill, what is the problem with personality tests? A．The results could be opposite to what employers want. B．People can easily lie about their true abilities. C．Employers often find the results unclear. D．They may have a negative effect on takers. 3．In Dr. Gill’s view, how easy is it to change your personality? A．It’s possible in your adult life. B．It’s easy if you have great motivation. C．It’s unlikely because it requires much energy. D．It’s difficult before the age of 21. 4．What final conclusion does the author reach about the value of personality tests? A．They are of doubtful value to employers. B．They are not really worth doing. C．They can strengthen the idea we have of our abilities. D．They may encourage greater realism. Passage 7 Once regarded as inexperienced amateurs, top influencers now play an important role in the market, especially after the pandemic accelerated e-commerce growth. Unlike traditional celebrity endorsements (代言), which rely on pre-existing fame, influencers build their reputation through product promotion. By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. Brands are expected to spend $16 billion on influencer campaigns this year, with most profits going to a small number of the influencers. The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. Above all, they reduce costs — Tesla, for instance, avoids traditional ads by using Elon Musk’s social media influence. Influencers’ networks reach new audiences, particularly younger shoppers. Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. However, risks persist. A third of brands avoid influencers due to fears of reputation damage caused by bad behavior like tax avoidance. A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. Besides avoiding tax, false advertising and using fake hype (热度) in the influencers’ promotion are other concerns. Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. Their share of digital ad budgets, though currently at 3%, is growing rapidly. To get the most out of influencers, brands should also set clear regulations like using analytical tools to help evaluate the performance of the influencers and requiring them to inform the audience of the advertisement in their posts. Only in this way will the brands be able to maximize their profits. 1．What can be concluded about influencers in paragraph 1? A．They are all highly paid. B．They rely more on pre-existing fame. C．They post randomly selected pictures and videos. D．They use daily life content to make recommendations trustworthy. 2．Why does the author mention TikTok in paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the popularity of TikTok. B．To highlight the strengths of these platforms. C．To explain why influencers prefer using these platforms. D．To illustrate influencers’ technological adaptability to new platforms. 3．Why does Viya get punished? A．She hid brand-cooperation income. B．She damaged influencers’ reputation. C．She promoted products with false information. D．She challenged traditional celebrity endorsements. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards influencer economy? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. Passage 8 Imagine you’re out for an evening walk in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. How to pick the best place for a much‑needed meal? If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect the quality of food and service. But is this true? In tourist areas, which lack regular, local customers, the number of diners is unlikely to hold information about the quality of the meal. Instead, bigger crowds could have come about at random, and here’s why: Early diners with no meaningful cues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening restaurant randomly, for example, selecting the place with the nicest name, the smiliest waiter, or the prettiest flowers on the tables. Subsequent passers‑by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well‑informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snow‑ball effect, whereby ever‑increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of endorsement. In this case, following the example of others could have led to a less satisfactory dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. This is typical of herd behavior. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. The so‑called “wisdom of crowds” suggests that average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort — after all, there’s “safety in numbers” — while helping to maintain a favorable reputation. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision; it is therefore an easy option. However, herd behavior, while common and easy to explain, holds significant dangers. Contrary to the “wisdom of crowds”, which happens when the judgments of individual group members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behavior typically relies on “information cascades (literally waterfalls)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically considering the reasons behind. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behavior. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To compare local and tourist dining habits. B．To introduce a common belief and pose a question. C．To criticize tourists for making poor dinner choices. D．To describe a typical evening scene in a foreign city. 2．What does the underlined word “endorsement” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Approval. B．Efficiency. C．Knowledge. D．Sincerity. 3．Which of the following can contribute to a better informed choice? A．Safety in numbers. B．Herd behavior. C．Wisdom of crowds. D．Information cascades. 4．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Trusting the Majority: A Smart Strategy. B．Following the Crowd: A Seemingly Quick Fix. C．Eating Out in a Foreign City: A Practical Guide. D．Imitating the Herd: An Easy and Natural Choice. Passage 9 Over a decade ago, the science fiction series Black Mirror showed a story about using artificial intelligence to bring back loved ones. Thanks to technological advancement, the latest AI technology brings hope of recreating loved ones through virtual form. Recently, it was revealed that well-known musician Tino Bao had created a digital version of his daughter who in 2021 passed away due to a rare disease at the age of 22. With the help of Xiaoice, Microsoft Asia’s AI branch based in China, Bao was able to recreate his daughter Bao Rong as an AI-powered virtual figure. Tino Bao, his family and the team went to great lengths to piece together pictures, audio-visual recordings, and narrated memories of Rong. After thousands of trials and errors, they presented the life-like digital human who speaks in both Mandarin and English. Bao has finally launched a company to bring the technological miracle to other families experiencing such loss. However, this technological achievement has also been accompanied by many debates. The idea of bringing back a loved one through AI may seem comforting. Still, researchers caution that constantly interacting with an AI version of a lost loved one could potentially affect the natural grieving (悲伤) process, leaving individuals stuck in a state of denial. This could lead to lengthened grief and other mental health issues. Furthermore, there’s a risk that people may become overly dependent on the technology, preferring their interactions with the AI version over forming new, real-life relationships. With the case of Bao Rong out in the open, AI resurrection (复活) has become a business. From simple “talking pictures” that sound nothing like the loved ones to deep fake videos of actors speaking with the faces of those who passed away, the lower end of the market is more “artificial” than “intelligent”. Therefore, it is crucial to establish proper regulations and ethical standards to ensure that the use of AI-resurrection technology is safe and responsible now. 1．Why does the author mention Black Mirror in paragraph 1? A．To show the influence of science fiction on technology B．To lead to the discussion about AI resurrection. C．To criticize the unrealistic description of AI in movies D．To highlight the advancement of artificial intelligence. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The popularity of AI-resurrection technology. B．Reasons for making a digital version of Bao Rong. C．Challenges of developing a life-like digital human. D．The process of creating an AI-powered virtual figure. 3．What is a potential negative impact of AI technology? A．It can become overly independent. B．It can shorten the grieving process. C．It can cause longer sadness and mental issues. D．It can lengthen the interaction with Al version. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The market for AI resurrection lacks proper management. B．AI resurrection technology is highly advanced. C．The market for AI resurrection is very profitable. D．AI resurrection products are of poor quality. Passage 10 Each major shift in media technology has led to a familiar cycle: a sudden explosion of cheap, repetitive content, widespread anxiety about cultural decline, and — less visibly — the gradual emergence of new forms of classics. The growing use of the word “slop”, which describes unwanted or careless AI-generated material, reflects public frustration, but it also is associated with older debates about whether new technologies can create classic content. History suggests that while much of such output is culturally polluting, some of it can still lead to lasting creative change. Complaints about “too much content” are surprisingly old. In 15th-century Europe, fears emerged with the invention of the movable-typing printing press. Printing made it possible to produce texts quickly and cheaply, which led to an explosion of pamphlets (小册子), poems, and short books. Many critics saw these works as shallow and repetitive. Yet these printed materials expanded access to information and storytelling, shaping the cultural environment that influenced writers like Shakespeare. The same tension appeared in 18th-century Britain with the rise of Grub Street, an area known for fast, commercial writing. Poorly paid authors produced whatever sold: political essays, satire (讽刺文学), and popular fiction. The term “Grub Street” became a name suggesting low standards and weak writing. Still, this system created new opportunities for writers and helped build a mass reading public. Several respected authors began their careers in this environment, showing that creative value can grow out of unpropitious conditions. Film history follows a similar path. Early movie theaters and later low-budget studios produced large amounts of rubbish work, but they also trained actors, directors, and technicians who would later shape modern cinema. The point was not creating artistic masterpieces but rapid production. In this process, excellence emerged indirectly, as a byproduct of scale and experimentation — just as the Internet and social media birthed low-quality contents but also new kinds of creators. The current AI changes this cycle by making content creation extremely cheap while placing a heavier burden on audiences, who must struggle to decide what deserves attention. The real task, therefore, is not to reject all AI-made work, but to learn how to recognize what is meaningful. If we look beyond the noise, today’s overload may still contain the early signs of tomorrow’s brilliant ideas. 1．According to the last paragraph, the public is worried that ________. A．Artificial intelligence is replacing human beings B．It’s hard to decide what content is valuable C．People are overloaded with great economic burden D．Media technology has caused environmental problems 2．The underlined word “unpropitious” in paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．Essential B．Preferable C．Unfavourable D．Imaginative 3．The author uses historical examples to show that ________. A．Today’s concerns over AI are not something new B．People in the past were less frustrated than us C．Media technology development brings cultural decline D．Today’s people are facing a completely different situation 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Why AI is Destroying Culture B．A Brief History of Mass Media C．The Advantage of AI D．Media Revolution Breeds Rubbish and Art Passage 11 Historically, the worker who worked the most hours was widely seen as an organization’s most valuable employee. But that is no longer true: as AI promises to transform how we work, and the four-day-workweek movement gains steam, it is time to admit once and for all that working more does not make you more productive. In fact, many workers could dutifully keep themselves busy for an entire day without doing anything of real value, instead answering pointless emails and attending unnecessary meetings. Meanwhile, many are struggling under the unsustainable consequences of applying an industrial-era measure of productivity— namely, dividing output by hours — to our modern knowledge economy. As a result, workers are under constant pressure to relinquish their spare time to prove their devotion. Those who finish their tasks more quickly are typically rewarded with more work to fill the hours they’ve saved, in what is sometimes referred to as “performance punishment.” A co-worker who works through evenings, weekends, or lunch breaks to complete the same workload, meanwhile, is often more likely to be praised or even promoted for their perceived devotion. This dynamic ultimately creates more pressure to look busy than to deliver value, which is getting in the way of actually getting work done and holding back organizational productivity while wearing down workers’ well-being. So it is time for us to be smarter about how we work. That is ultimately what the four-day-workweek movement seeks to inspire. Instead of just giving everyone an extra vacation day each week, when positioned as a performance-based motivator, the four-day workweek becomes a wake-up call to refocus our time and energy at work on the things that really matter to the business. In today’s knowledge economy and tomorrow’s AI reality, the most successful individuals, organizations, and nations won’t be those that work the most hours, but those that are the most effective at making their working hours count. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By listing AI-driven changes in work. B．By challenging the hours— productivity link. C．By describing employee-centered practices. D．By advocating a short-time working pattern. 2．What does the underlined word “relinquish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．give up. B．count on. C．set aside. D．care about. 3．What weakens organizational productivity according to paragraph 3? A．Being too exhausted from overwork. B．Pretending to be busy without adding value. C．Being punished unfairly. D．Working hard but not getting recognized. 4．What does the author think of the four-day workweek? A．A reward for efficiency at work. B．A wake-up call to stay competitive. C．A push to think smarter about work. D．A preparation for the uncertain future. Passage 12 The mushrooming video screens in buses, taxis and apartment halls in cities like Shanghai are taking away our already rare resource: a place for a moment of peace. Taking a nap or reading a book on buses is less pleasant now, as the LCD screens broadcast news, entertainment and advertisements at unbearable volumes. You pay the bus fare simply to get a ride — undisturbed — but now you are exposed to this “added value”, whether you like it or not. If it’s a crowded bus, the noise is even more exasperating. More and more Chinese cities have joined Shanghai, regarded as the first to put video screens on buses, disturbing millions of passengers. Some may like to watch programmes aired on houses or in apartment halls. But those who don’t should be equally respected. Because of the bus screens, students cannot focus on reviewing their lessons or preparing for a test. People who like to read or reflect feel unsettled by the noise. Youngsters who like to listen to music on their iPods must increase the volume to fight against the competing audio. If you already feel stressed after a busy day, the bus video advertising certainly increase the tension of both your muscles and nervous system. Bus drivers are surely the worst victims because they have to bear it at least eight hours a day, non-stop. A high public tolerance for noise pollution has helped bus video advertisers to expand their businesses. But opposition has already started to make its voice heard. Some people have already accused bus companies of breaking their contracts, since their obligation is only to deliver passengers to their destinations. Shanghai, as a world-class city, should set an example for the country. It should first adopt world-class behavior in its massive public transportation system to return the public a peaceful place. 1．What does the underlined word “exasperating” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Entertaining. B．Encouraging. C．Disappointing. D．Annoying. 2．What can be inferred about the influences of the video screens on passengers? A．They make music players less popular among youngsters. B．They disturb passengers’ normal study and rest to different degrees. C．They force students to give up reviewing lessons on buses completely. D．They help stressed passengers relax their muscles and nerves effectively. 3．What is some people’s criticism of bus companies? A．They fail to provide comfortable seats for passengers. B．They ignore the negative impact of noise pollution on drivers. C．They fail to fulfill their basic duty of transporting passengers quietly. D．They limit passengers’ freedom to choose TV programmes on buses. 4．What’s the author’s attitude to the video screens in the public? A．Opposed. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. D．Indifferent. Passage 13 Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly entered classrooms around the world, offering new tools for teaching and learning. From AI tutors that provide personalized feedback to chatbots that help students with homework, the technology promises to revolutionize education. But is AI a blessing or a curse for students and teachers? Proponents of AI in education argue that the technology can level the playing field for students. AI tutors can provide 24/7 support to students who struggle in class, helping them catch up at their own pace. AI can also automate grading and administrative tasks, freeing up teachers to focus on one-on-one instruction and student well-being. “AI is not here to replace teachers,” says education researcher Dr. Sarah Chen. “It’s here to empower them, giving them more time to do what they do best: connect with students.” However, critics warn that AI poses serious risks to education. Many students use AI chatbots to write essays, solve math problems, and complete homework, leading to a rise in cheating and a decline in critical thinking skills. “If students let AI do all the work for them, they will never learn how to think for themselves,” says high school teacher James Miller. “We are raising a generation of students who can’t write a sentence without AI, and that’s a crisis.” Another major concern is bias in AI algorithms. AI systems are trained on data, and if the data is biased, the AI will perpetuate that bias, leading to unfair treatment of students from marginalized backgrounds. Additionally, over-reliance on AI can erode the human connection that is at the heart of education.“Learning is not just about getting answers,” says Dr. Chen. “It’s about the relationship between teacher and student, the discussion, the struggle, the growth. AI can never replace that.” In the end, AI in education is a double-edged sword. It has the potential to transform education for the better, but only if it is used responsibly, with clear guidelines to protect students and preserve the human element of learning. 1．What is the author’s attitude towards AI in education? A．Fully supportive. B． Objective and cautious. C．Completely opposed. D．Indifferent and unconcerned.​ 2．Why do critics oppose the use of AI in education? A．It replaces teachers and increases unemployment. B．It leads to cheating and a decline in critical thinking. C．It makes education too expensive for low-income students. D．It automates grading and reduces teacher workload.​ 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The benefits of AI in transforming education. B．The risks of AI in causing cheating in schools. C．The debate over AI’s role in education and its challenges. D．The ways to use AI to improve student learning outcomes. 4．According to the passage, what can we learn about AI algorithms? A．They are completely free from bias. B．They may reflect biases in the training data. C．They are designed to replace human teachers. D．They always improve students’ writing skills. Passage 14 Art and technology have a complex but meaningful history of working together and influencing one another. Innovations in technology have directly impacted the art world and will continue to do so. With every new evolution in technology, art also changes. However, this doesn’t just apply to their production. The way art is viewed, shared, consumed and subsequently sold is constantly transforming too. Technology has made art far more accessible. Just like with countless other aspects of modern life, the Internet has allowed art to be consumed in a more direct way. Museums display collections online, and artists have all the tools they need at their fingertips to promote and sell their own pieces — often without the challenges that come with running a physical exhibition. It’s clear that the relationship between art and technology has led to many exciting new pieces and techniques. Significant innovations from the past years include AI-generated art. Is Artificial Intelligence the next great Art Movement? Without our being able to easily distinguish between human and machine creations, AI-generated art offers us a new kind of non-traditional creativity. However, new findings do not come without hesitation. Some argue that art generated through computer science is definitely not art, nor is it creative. Nevertheless, artists are continuing to experiment to combine art and technology further. It is obvious that the art landscape is experiencing an extreme transformation as it changes with technology. These two fields may seem different — however, we have shown that there is a fate that ties these two together. With rapid technological advancements and shifting perceptions of art among artists and consumers, we can expect to see a better understanding of how these changes will affect the creative world as a whole. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Art doesn’t change with technology. B．Technology affects art in many ways. C．Artists make more money than before. D．People needn’t visit galleries to enjoy art. 2．What’s the author’s answer to the question at the beginning of Paragraph 4? A．Unclear. B．Absolutely. C．Why should I know? D．Definitely not. 3．What is the “fate” that ties art and technology? A．The consumption of art. B．The way people enjoy and buy art. C．The experiment of artists and consumers. D．The history of these two working together. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward the future of art and technology? A．Unconcerned. B．Curious. C．Negative. D．Positive. Passage 15 Imagine spending your whole life speaking, studying, and even teaching English — only to be told that you’re not a “native speaker.” How would that feel? This is exactly the question poet Mia You explores in her recent essay. Born in South Korea but raised in the United States from age three, Mia grew up speaking English. She studied it through graduate school and became a poetry scholar. Yet throughout her life, people have questioned her relationship with the language. In one translation workshop, someone corrected her word choice, claiming that birds “perched on a branch,” not “perched in a tree.” The comment seemed small, but it cut deep. Was it really a mistake, or was she using English differently on purpose? Mia argues that language doesn’t belong to native speakers alone. She quotes novelist Chang-rae Lee, who says, “I quarrel with English a lot and test it a lot. I think that has defined me as a writer.” For Lee, pushing against language’s boundaries isn’t a weakness — it’s a creative act. The idea of a “native speaker” is complicated anyway. As Rey Chow, a cultural theorist, points out: because of colonialism (殖民主义), English spread around the world artificially. Many people now view it as something added onto their existing identity. Does that make their English less authentic? By 2000, sociolinguist David Crystal observed that non-native English speakers already outnumbered native ones worldwide. New forms of English were emerging everywhere. Who decides which version is “correct”? For Mia, translating poetry isn’t about following strict rules. It’s about capturing feeling, ambiguity (模糊性), and beauty. Sometimes that means bending grammar slightly. Sometimes that means choosing an unexpected preposition. Mia also suggests that English isn’t owned by anyone. It’s a living, breathing thing — shaped by everyone who uses it, native speaker or not. And maybe those who stretch it, test it, and love it most are exactly who the language belongs to. 1．Why does the author mention Mia’s experience in the workshop? A．To indicate the author’s opinion on language use. B．To question Mia’s professionalism in translation. C．To show the author’s sympathy for Mia. D．To point out the problem Mia has in learning English. 2．Which view will Rey Chow and David Crystal probably agree with? A．Great writers share a playful relationship with language. B．Native speakers will always be the true language owners. C．People should be open-minded to new versions of English. D．Native and non-native speakers face similar struggles in writing. 3．What does Mia value in language use? A．Accurate use of grammar. B．High recognition from native speakers. C．Clear communication above all else. D．Creative expression over strict correctness. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Conflicts in Workshops: The “Hybrid” Writer. B．Voices on Language: The (Alter) native Speaker. C．Language Crossings: The Ex-native Speaker. D．The Translator’s Dilemma: The “Non-native” Tongue. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $