2026年中考英语 第15讲 语法“雷区”大扫除：时态·语态·从句易错点全击破&过关检测

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考语法“雷区”，覆盖被动语态、宾语从句、定语从句等核心易错点，通过知识导图构建体系，考点清单标注星级与考查形式。设计“考点梳理-易错点拨-分层检测”教学流程，助力学生突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“口诀记忆+避坑技巧”的创新方法，如被动语态“不及物动词无被动”口诀，培养学生思维品质。分层检测含基础达标、中考模拟，配合速记卡和错题本指导，提升学习能力，帮助教师精准把控复习节奏，高效提升学生应考能力。

第15讲 语法“雷区”大扫除：时态·语态·从句易错点全击破&过关检测 栏目一：考点梳理 ① 知识导图 中考语法时态·语态·从句易错点全击破50例 ├── 被动语态易错点（26—29例） │ ├── 不及物动词无被动语态 │ ├── 主动形式表被动含义 │ ├── 使役/感官动词被动还原to │ └── 双宾语被动语态 ├── 宾语从句易错点（30—33例） │ ├── 宾语从句陈述语序 │ ├── 宾语从句时态呼应 │ ├── if/whether 选择 │ └── 否定转移 ├── 定语从句易错点（34—36例） │ ├── that/which 选择 │ ├── who/whom/whose 选择 │ └── 介词+关系代词 ├── 情态动词易错点（37—39例） │ ├── must 与 have to 区别 │ ├── can't 与 mustn't 区别 │ └── 情态动词表推测 ├── 非谓语动词易错点（40—43例） │ ├── stop to do / stop doing │ ├── forget/remember to do vs doing │ ├── 使役动词后接动词原形 │ └── 固定搭配后接doing ├── 介词与连词易错点（44—46例） │ ├── in/on/at 时间介词 │ ├── by/with/in 方式介词 │ └── because/because of └── 其他高频易错点（47—50例） ├── 反意疑问句 ├── 倒装句 so/neither ├── had better 用法 └── It's + adj + for/of sb to do ② 考点清单 星级 考点 考查形式 ★★★ 被动语态的时态与还原to 单项选择、语法填空 ★★★ 宾语从句语序与时态 单项选择、完形填空 ★★★ 情态动词表推测 单项选择 ★★★ 非谓语动词固定搭配 单项选择、语法填空 ★★ 定语从句关系词选择 单项选择 ★★ 反意疑问句 单项选择 ★★ 时间介词 in/on/at 单项选择 ★★ It's + adj + for/of sb 单项选择 ★★ 倒装句 so/neither 单项选择 栏目三：易错点拨 【易错26】不及物动词误加被动语态 ❌ 错误：The accident was happened yesterday. ✅ 正确：The accident happened yesterday. 【错因分析】happen 是不及物动词，没有被动语态。 【避坑技巧】常见不及物动词（无被动）：happen, take place, occur, appear, disappear, rise, arrive, come, go, fall。 口诀：不及物动词无被动，happen/take place记心中。 【易错27】主动形式表被动含义 ❌ 错误：The book is sold well. ✅ 正确：The book sells well. 【错因分析】sell, write, wash, clean, cook, read, wear 等动词与 well/easily 连用时，用主动形式表被动含义。 【避坑技巧】 动词 主动表被动示例 含义 sell The book sells well. 这本书畅销 write The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔好写 wash The cloth washes easily. 这布好洗 clean The glass cleans easily. 这玻璃好擦 cook The meat cooks quickly. 这肉熟得快 【易错28】使役/感官动词被动语态忘记还原to ❌ 错误：He was made work for ten hours a day. ✅ 正确：He was made to work for ten hours a day. 【错因分析】主动语态中 make/let/have/see/hear/watch/feel/notice 后接动词原形（省略to），变为被动语态时必须还原to。 【避坑技巧】 动词类型 主动语态 被动语态 使役动词 make sb do sth sb be made to do sth 使役动词 let sb do sth sb be let to do sth（少用） 感官动词 see sb do sth sb be seen to do sth 感官动词 hear sb do sth sb be heard to do sth 感官动词 watch sb do sth sb be watched to do sth 口诀：主动省to被动还，make/see/hear记心间。 【易错29】双宾语被动语态 ❌ 错误：A new bike was bought me by my father. ✅ 正确：I was bought a new bike by my father. / A new bike was bought for me by my father. 【错因分析】双宾语动词变为被动语态时，可将间接宾语（人）变为主语，也可将直接宾语（物）变为主语，此时需加介词 for/to。 【避坑技巧】常见双宾语动词：buy/give/show/send/teach/tell/bring/pass/lend/offer。 动词 加for 加to buy buy sth for sb — give — give sth to sb show — show sth to sb send — send sth to sb make make sth for sb — 【易错30】宾语从句语序错误 ❌ 错误：Can you tell me where is the library? ✅ 正确：Can you tell me where the library is? 【错因分析】宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（引导词+主语+谓语），不能用疑问语序。 【避坑技巧】宾语从句 = 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他。无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律陈述语序。 疑问语序（错误） 陈述语序（正确） what is his name? what his name is where does he live? where he lives how old is she? how old she is when will they come? when they will come 【易错31】宾语从句时态呼应 ❌ 错误：He said that he will go to Beijing next week. ✅ 正确：He said that he would go to Beijing next week. 【错因分析】主句为过去时态时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 【避坑技巧】 主句时态 从句时态 例外情况 一般现在时 任意时态 — 一般过去时 相应过去时态 客观真理用一般现在时 现在完成时 任意时态 — 注意：从句表达客观真理时，即使主句为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。 例：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. ✅ 【易错32】if 与 whether 选择 ❌ 错误：I don't know if to go or not. ✅ 正确：I don't know whether to go or not. 【错因分析】if 和 whether 都可引导宾语从句表示"是否"，但在以下情况只能用 whether。 【避坑技巧】只能用 whether 的情况： 情况 示例 与 or not 连用 I don't know whether he will come or not. 后接不定式 She hasn't decided whether to go. 介词后 We are talking about whether we should go. 引导主语/表语从句 Whether he will come is unknown. 【易错33】否定转移 ❌ 错误：I think he won't come. ✅ 正确：I don't think he will come. 【错因分析】当主句主语为第一人称（I/we），谓语动词为 think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine 等时，从句的否定要转移到主句。 【避坑技巧】 ① 主句主语必须是 I/we；② 谓语动词是 think/believe/suppose/expect/guess/imagine；③ 从句为否定时，否定前移。 反意疑问句：I don't think he is right, is he?（反意疑问看从句） 【易错34】定语从句 that 与 which 选择 ❌ 错误：This is the best film which I have ever seen. ✅ 正确：This is the best film that I have ever seen. 【错因分析】先行词被最高级、序数词修饰，或先行词为 all/everything/nothing/much/little 等不定代词时，只能用 that。 【避坑技巧】只能用 that 的情况（口诀："序高不，the only/very"）： 情况 示例 先行词被最高级修饰 the best book that I have read 先行词被序数词修饰 the first thing that I want to do 先行词是不定代词 everything that he said 先行词被 the only/very 修饰 the only person that I know 先行词既有人又有物 the people and things that I remember 只能用 which 的情况：① 介词后（in which）；② 非限制性定语从句（, which...）。 【易错35】who/whom/whose 选择 ❌ 错误：The man who I met yesterday is my teacher. ✅ 正确：The man whom/who I met yesterday is my teacher.（口语中who可替代whom） 【错因分析】who 在从句中作主语，whom 作宾语，whose 作定语表示所属关系。 【避坑技巧】 关系词 从句中成分 示例 who 主语 The boy who is standing there is my brother. whom 宾语 The girl whom you saw just now is my sister. whose 定语（所属） The man whose car is red is my uncle. 【易错36】介词 + 关系代词 ❌ 错误：This is the house in that I lived ten years ago. ✅ 正确：This is the house in which I lived ten years ago. 【错因分析】介词后只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），不能用 that 或 who。 【避坑技巧】 介词后 关系词 示例 指物 which the room in which he lived 指人 whom the man with whom I talked 指所属 whose the house whose window is broken 注意：介词可前置也可后置。前置时用 which/whom；后置时可用 that/who/which，且可省略。 例：This is the book (that/which) I am looking for. ✅（for 后置，that 可省略） 【易错37】must 与 have to 区别 ❌ 错误：You mustn't finish it today.（你不必今天完成。） ✅ 正确：You don't have to finish it today.（你不必今天完成。） 【错因分析】must 表示说话人主观上的"必须"，have to 表示客观上的"不得不"；mustn't 意为"禁止"，don't have to 意为"不必"。 【避坑技巧】 词 含义 否定形式 否定含义 must 必须（主观） mustn't 禁止，不准 have to 不得不（客观） don't have to 不必 【易错38】can't 与 mustn't 区别 ❌ 错误：You can't smoke here. It's not allowed.（此处应表禁止） ✅ 正确：You mustn't smoke here. It's not allowed. 【错因分析】can't 表示"不可能/不能够"，mustn't 表示"禁止/不允许"。 【避坑技巧】 词 含义 示例 can't 不可能；不能够 He can't be at home.（他不可能在家。） mustn't 禁止；不允许 You mustn't park here.（此处禁止停车。） needn't 不必 You needn't come tomorrow.（你明天不必来。） 【易错39】情态动词表推测 ❌ 错误：The light is on. He can't be at home. ✅ 正确：The light is on. He must be at home. 【错因分析】must 表肯定推测"一定"，can't 表否定推测"不可能"，may/might/could 表"可能"。 【避坑技巧】 推测程度 情态动词 含义 肯定（100%） must 一定，肯定 很可能（80%） should 应该 可能（50%） may/might/could 可能，也许 否定（0%） can't 不可能 对过去的推测：must have done（一定做了）/ can't have done（不可能做了）/ may have done（可能做了）。 【易错40】stop to do 与 stop doing ❌ 错误：Stop to talk! The teacher is coming. ✅ 正确：Stop talking! The teacher is coming. 【错因分析】stop doing 意为"停止正在做的事"，stop to do 意为"停下来去做另一件事"。 【避坑技巧】 结构 含义 示例 stop doing 停止做某事 Stop smoking.（别抽烟了。） stop to do 停下来去做某事 He stopped to have a rest.（他停下来休息。） 同类辨析：go on doing（继续做同一件事）/ go on to do（接着做另一件事）。 【易错41】forget/remember to do 与 doing ❌ 错误：Don't forget posting the letter for me. ✅ 正确：Don't forget to post the letter for me. 【错因分析】forget/remember to do 意为"忘记/记得要做某事"（未做），forget/remember doing 意为"忘记/记得做过某事"（已做）。 【避坑技巧】 结构 含义（动作是否发生） 示例 forget to do 忘记要做（未做） I forgot to lock the door.（我忘锁门了。） forget doing 忘记做过（已做） I forgot locking the door.（我忘了曾锁过门。） remember to do 记得要做（未做） Remember to call me.（记得给我打电话。） remember doing 记得做过（已做） I remember seeing him.（我记得见过他。） 【易错42】使役动词后接动词原形 ❌ 错误：The teacher made us to clean the classroom. ✅ 正确：The teacher made us clean the classroom. 【错因分析】make/let/have 后接宾语 + 动词原形（不带to），不能接 to do。 【避坑技巧】 使役动词 结构 含义 make make sb do sth 使某人做某事 let let sb do sth 让某人做某事 have have sb do sth 让某人做某事 get get sb to do sth 让某人做某事（需加to） 注意：get 后需加 to，即 get sb to do sth，不要与 make/let/have 混淆。 【易错43】固定搭配后接 doing ❌ 错误：He enjoys to play basketball after school. ✅ 正确：He enjoys playing basketball after school. 【错因分析】enjoy/finish/practice/mind/avoid/suggest/consider/imagine 等动词后只能接动名词（doing），不能接不定式。 【避坑技巧】只能接 doing 的动词口诀： 喜欢想象多考虑，enjoy/imagine/consider； 完成练习不介意，finish/practice/mind； 避免建议和放弃，avoid/suggest/give up。 动词 正确用法 错误用法 enjoy enjoy doing enjoy to do ❌ finish finish doing finish to do ❌ practice practice doing practice to do ❌ mind mind doing mind to do ❌ avoid avoid doing avoid to do ❌ suggest suggest doing suggest to do ❌ consider consider doing consider to do ❌ 【易错44】时间介词 in/on/at ❌ 错误：I was born in May 1st, 2008. ✅ 正确：I was born on May 1st, 2008. 【错因分析】in 用于年/月/季节/上午下午晚上，on 用于具体某一天或某天的上午下午，at 用于具体时刻。 【避坑技巧】 介词 用法 示例 in 年、月、季节、早中晚 in 2024, in May, in spring, in the morning on 具体某天、星期几、节日 on Monday, on May 1st, on Children's Day at 具体时刻、固定短语 at 8:00, at noon, at night, at weekends 口诀：in 年 in 月 in 季节，on 日 on 节 on 星期，at 时刻记分明。 【易错45】方式介词 by/with/in ❌ 错误：He writes a letter by a pen. ✅ 正确：He writes a letter with a pen. 【错因分析】by 后接交通工具或手段（名词用单数、零冠词），with 后接具体工具，in 后接语言/材料/颜色。 【避坑技巧】 介词 用法 示例 by 交通工具、通讯方式、手段 by bus, by phone, by doing sth with 具体工具、身体部位 with a knife, with hands in 语言、材料、颜色、字体 in English, in ink, in red, in print 注意：by + 交通工具时名词用单数且零冠词：by car ✅，by a car ❌，by cars ❌。 【易错46】because 与 because of ❌ 错误：He was late because of the traffic was heavy. ✅ 正确：He was late because the traffic was heavy. / He was late because of the heavy traffic. 【错因分析】because 是连词，后接从句；because of 是介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词。 【避坑技巧】 词 词性 后接 示例 because 连词 从句（主+谓） because it rained because of 介词短语 名词/代词/doing because of the rain 【易错47】反意疑问句 ❌ 错误：He has never been to Beijing, hasn't he? ✅ 正确：He has never been to Beijing, has he? 【错因分析】陈述部分含有 never/hardly/few/little/nothing/nobody 等否定词时，反意疑问部分用肯定形式。 【避坑技巧】 陈述部分 反意疑问部分 示例 肯定句 否定 You are a student, aren't you? 否定句（not） 肯定 He isn't here, is he? 含否定词（never等） 肯定 She never smiles, does she? Let's... shall we Let's go, shall we? Let us... will you Let us go, will you? 祈使句 will you Open the door, will you? 【易错48】倒装句 so/neither ❌ 错误：—I like apples. —So I do. ✅ 正确：—I like apples. —So do I.（我也喜欢。） 【错因分析】"So + 助动词 + 主语"表示"……也一样"；"So + 主语 + 助动词"表示"确实如此"（赞同对方）。 【避坑技巧】 结构 含义 示例 So + 助动词 + 主语 ……也一样（不同主语） He likes music. So do I.（我也喜欢。） So + 主语 + 助动词 确实如此（同一主语） —He is tall. —So he is.（他确实高。） Neither/Nor + 助动词 + 主语 ……也不（否定） He doesn't like music. Neither do I. 【易错49】had better 用法 ❌ 错误：You had better to go to see a doctor. ✅ 正确：You had better go to see a doctor. 【错因分析】had better 后接动词原形，否定形式为 had better not do。 【避坑技巧】 形式 结构 示例 肯定 had better do sth You had better rest. 否定 had better not do sth You had better not smoke. 疑问 Had + 主语 + better do...? Had I better go now? 注意：had better 不随人称和时态变化，所有人称均用 had better。 【易错50】It's + adj + for/of sb to do ❌ 错误：It's kind for you to help me. ✅ 正确：It's kind of you to help me. 【错因分析】形容词描述人的品质/性格时用 of；形容词描述事情的性质时用 for。 【避坑技巧】 介词 形容词类型 常见形容词 示例 of 描述人的品质 kind, nice, clever, foolish, polite, rude, good, bad It's clever of him to solve it. for 描述事情的性质 important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, possible, useful It's important for us to learn English. 判断方法：将形容词与 sb 搭配，能说 "sb is + adj" 就用 of，否则用 for。 例：You are kind. ✅ → It's kind of you. / English is important.（不能说 You are important to learn.）→ It's important for you. 栏目四：过关检测 A组·基础达标 I. 单项选择。 1. The accident ______ on a cold winter morning. A. was happened　　B. happened　　C. is happened　　D. happens 2. The book ______ well. It has been sold out. A. is sold　　B. sells　　C. sold　　D. is selling 3. He was made ______ for ten hours a day. A. work　　B. to work　　C. working　　D. worked 4. Can you tell me ______? A. where does he live　　B. where he lives　　C. where did he live　　D. where he lived 5. He said that he ______ to Beijing the next week. A. will go　　B. would go　　C. goes　　D. went 6. I don't know ______ to go or stay. A. if　　B. whether　　C. that　　D. what 7. This is the best film ______ I have ever seen. A. which　　B. who　　C. that　　D. what 8. You ______ smoke here. Look at the sign "No Smoking". A. needn't　　B. don't have to　　C. mustn't　　D. can't 9. He enjoys ______ basketball after school. A. play　　B. to play　　C. playing　　D. played 10. I was born ______ May 1st, 2008. A. in　　B. on　　C. at　　D. for II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 11. The pen ______ (write) smoothly. 12. The boy was seen ______ (enter) the room just now. 13. I don't think he ______ (come) tomorrow. 14. The man ______ (who) car is red is my uncle. 15. He stopped ______ (have) a rest after working for two hours. B组·能力提升 I. 单项选择。 16. The light in his office is still on. He ______ be working now. A. must　　B. can't　　C. needn't　　D. should 17. —I have never been to Hainan. —______. A. So have I　　B. Neither have I　　C. So I have　　D. Neither I have 18. You had better ______ late for school again. A. not be　　B. not to be　　C. don't be　　D. to not be 19. It's necessary ______ us to learn English well. A. of　　B. for　　C. to　　D. with 20. He was late ______ the heavy traffic. A. because　　B. because of　　C. since　　D. as II. 单句改错（每句只有一处错误）。 21. The story was happened in a small village. 22. Can you tell me what time is it? 23. I think he won't come to the party. 24. The teacher made us to clean the classroom. 25. He has never been to Shanghai, hasn't he? C组·中考模拟实战 I. 单项选择（原创模拟，贴近中考难度）。 26. —Do you know ______ the meeting will begin? —At 9:00. A. when　　B. where　　C. how　　D. why 27. The girl ______ is singing on the stage is my sister. A. which　　B. whom　　C. who　　D. whose 28. —Must I finish the work today? —No, you ______. You can do it tomorrow. A. mustn't　　B. can't　　C. needn't　　D. shouldn't 29. Remember ______ the door when you leave. A. lock　　B. to lock　　C. locking　　D. locked 30. It's very kind ______ you to help me with my English. A. for　　B. of　　C. to　　D. with II. 语法填空（原创模拟）。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday, I went to the library with my friend Tom. The library 31.______ (build) ten years ago. It is one of the 32.______ (big) libraries in our city. When we got there, we saw many people 33.______ (read) books quietly. Tom found a book 34.______ was very interesting. It was about how to learn English well. The book 35.______ (write) by a famous teacher. I asked the librarian 36.______ I could borrow the book. She said I could keep it for two weeks. I was very happy because I 37.______ (look) for such a book for a long time. On the way home, Tom said that 38.______ (read) more books was good for us. I agreed with him. I think we should spend more time 39.______ (read) books instead of playing computer games. 40.______ a meaningful day we had! 栏目五：答案与解析 【答案速查】 题号 答案 题号 答案 1 B 21 was happened → happened 2 B 22 is it → it is 3 B 23 I think → I don't think; won't → will（否定前移） 4 B 24 to clean → clean 5 B 25 hasn't → has 6 B 26 A 7 C 27 C 8 C 28 C 9 C 29 B 10 B 30 B 11 writes 31 was built 12 to enter 32 biggest 13 will come 33 reading 14 whose 34 which/that 15 to have 35 was written 16 A 36 if/whether 17 B 37 had looked 18 A 38 reading 19 B 39 reading 20 B 40 What 【详细解析】 A组·基础达标 1. B — happen 是不及物动词，没有被动语态；时间状语 on a cold winter morning 表示过去，用一般过去时。 2. B — sell 与 well 连用时用主动形式表被动含义，the book sells well 意为"这本书畅销"。 3. B — make sb do sth 的被动语态为 sb be made to do sth，需还原 to。 4. B — 宾语从句用陈述语序（引导词+主语+谓语），排除 A、C；主句为一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用一般现在时。 5. B — 主句 said 为一般过去时，从句需用相应过去时态；the next week 表将来，用过去将来时 would go。 6. B — 与 or not 连用时只能用 whether，不能用 if。 7. C — 先行词被最高级 the best 修饰时，关系代词只能用 that。 8. C — 由"No Smoking"标志可知此处表"禁止"，用 mustn't。can't 表"不可能"，needn't/don't have to 表"不必"。 9. C — enjoy 后只能接动名词 doing，不能接不定式。 10. B — 具体某一天（May 1st）前用介词 on。 11. writes — write 与 smoothly 连用时用主动形式表被动含义，the pen 为三单，用 writes。 12. to enter — see sb do sth 的被动语态为 sb be seen to do sth，需还原 to。 13. will come — I don't think 为否定转移，从句用肯定形式；tomorrow 表将来，用 will come。 14. whose — 关系词在从句中作定语表示所属关系（"这个人的车"），用 whose。 15. to have — stop to do sth 意为"停下来去做某事"，工作两小时后停下来休息，用 to have。 B组·能力提升 16. A — 办公室灯还亮着，表示肯定推测"一定在工作"，用 must。 17. B — 前句为否定句（have never been），表示"我也没去过"用 Neither have I。 18. A — had better 的否定形式为 had better not do sth，后接动词原形。 19. B — necessary 描述事情的性质（"学英语这件事是必要的"），用 for。 20. B — the heavy traffic 是名词短语，用 because of；because 后接从句。 21. was happened → happened — happen 是不及物动词，无被动语态。 22. is it → it is — 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。 23. I think → I don't think; won't → will（否定前移） — I think 后接从句时，否定要转移到主句：I don't think he will come. 本题原句结构为 I think + 否定从句，应改为否定前移。更准确的改法：I don't think he will come to the party. 24. to clean → clean — make sb do sth 后接动词原形，不带 to。 25. hasn't → has — 陈述部分含否定词 never，反意疑问部分用肯定形式。 C组·中考实战 26. A — 由答语 At 9:00 可知询问时间，用 when 引导宾语从句。 27. C — 先行词 the girl 指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用 who。 28. C — Must I...? 的否定回答用 No, you needn't.（你不必），不用 mustn't（禁止）。 29. B — remember to do sth 意为"记得要做某事"（未做），离开时记得锁门，用 to lock。 30. B — kind 描述人的品质，用 of；It's kind of you to do sth 为固定句型。 31. was built — library 与 build 是被动关系，ten years ago 表过去，用一般过去时被动语态。 32. biggest — one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词，意为"最……之一"。 33. reading — see sb doing sth 意为"看见某人正在做某事"，强调动作正在进行。 34. which/that — 先行词 a book 指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that。 35. was written — book 与 write 是被动关系，"由一位名师所写"用一般过去时被动语态。 36. if/whether — 引导宾语从句表示"是否"，用 if 或 whether。 37. had looked — "寻找"发生在 was happy 之前，即"过去的过去"，用过去完成时。 38. reading — 动名词短语作主语，用 reading。 39. reading — spend time (in) doing sth 为固定搭配，意为"花费时间做某事"。 40. What — 感叹句中心词 a meaningful day 是名词，用 What 引导。 附：本讲速记卡 高频易错点速记（下） 🔹 被动语态： 不及物动词无被动，happen/take place记心中； 主动表被动有sell/write/wash，加well/easily最常见； 使役感官被动还to，make/see/hear别忘记。 🔹 宾语从句： 陈述语序永不变，引导词后主谓现； 主句过去从句过，客观真理是例外； if/whether表是否，or not/不定式只用whether。 🔹 定语从句： that/which指物用，最高级/序数词只用that； who主语whom宾，whose表所属别弄混； 介词后只用which/whom，that绝对不能跟。 🔹 情态动词： must主观"必须"，have to客观"不得不"； mustn't是"禁止"，don't have to是"不必"； 表推测must"一定"，can't"不可能"，may"可能"。 🔹 非谓语动词： stop doing停此事，stop to do去做彼事； forget/remember to do未做，doing已做要分清； make/let/have加原形，enjoy/finish/practice加doing。 🔹 介词： in年in月in季节，on日on节on星期，at时刻记分明； by交通工具零冠词，with具体工具，in语言材料； because加从句，because of加名词。 🔹 反意疑问句： 前肯后否，前否后肯； 含never/hardly/few/little，后用肯定别糊涂； Let's用shall we，祈使句用will you。 🔹 倒装句： So+助+主"也一样"，So+主+助"确实如此"； 否定倒装用Neither/Nor，结构和so一个样。 🔹 had better： 后接动词原形，否定better not do； 不随人称时态变，所有人称都一样。 🔹 It's + adj： 描述人品质用of，描述事性质用for； 判断法：sb is adj能说通就用of。 本讲结束——完成以上练习后，建议对照解析逐题订正，将错题记录到"易错本"中，考前重点复习。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $